1

Participles 1

Grammar and Vocabulary Ⅱ

October 11, 2011

2

The Best Countries in the World In NEWSWEEK’s first-ever Best Countries

special issue, we set out to answer a question that is at once simple and incredibly complex—if you were born today, which country would provide you the very best opportunity to live a healthy, safe, reasonably prosperous, and upwardly mobile life? Many organizations measure various aspects of national competitiveness. But none attempt to put them all together.

prosperous　　→栄える、繁栄する upwardly mobile　　→社会的・金銭的に上向きの、将来性豊かな

competitiveness　　→競争力のあること

3

4

For this special survey, then, NEWSWEEK chose five categories of national well-being -- education, health, quality of life, economic competitiveness, and political environment -- and compiled metrics within these categories across 100 nations. A weighted formula yielded an overall list of the world’s top 100 countries (for a look at the exact data points we used and how we weighted them, as well as how each country did across the various categories, check out newsweek.com).

1. Finland2. Switzerland3. Sweden4. Australia5. Luxembourg6. Norway7. Canada8. Netherlands

9. Japan10. Denmark

11. United States

12. Germany

13. New Zealand

14. United Kingdom

15. South Korea

16. France

17. Ireland

18. Austria

19. Belgium

20. Singapore5

6

Participles

Present participles（現在分詞） e.g., having, taking, swimming, leaving Past participles（過去分詞） e.g., had, taken, swum, left

7

形容詞的用法 Have you ever seen a burning house? He never killed an animal living in the

wild land. There were no printed books in those

days. The language spoken in Australia is

English.

8

分詞構文 Walking along the street, I met a friend. Written in easy English, the book will be

read by many people. Turning to the left, you will find our

school. She wrote him a friendly letter, thanking

him for his help.

分詞構文とは

分詞が時、理由、条件、その他を表す副詞節と同じような意味に用いられるとき、分詞を含む構文を分詞構文と呼ぶ

10

Exercise 2

(1) Grandfather is (read/reads/reading) a newspaper.

⇒ reading

(2) I have (be/being/been) here for three hours.

⇒ been

(3) Professor Lee is a (walk/to walk/walking) dictionary.

⇒ walking

11

(4) Those vending machines are (break/broke/broken).

⇒ broken

(5) Look at that (laugh/to laugh/laughing) lady.

⇒ laughing

(6) (Tell/To tell/Told) the truth, the rumor is false.

⇒ To tell

12

(7) After (have/to have/having) breakfast, we left home at eight.

⇒ having

(8) I went (fish/to fish/fishing) with my father.

⇒ fishing

13

Grammar Challenge

'-ed' and '-ing' adjectives “Do you sometimes get confused

about whether to use an adjective ending in '-ing' or '-ed'? Don't worry, lots of people have trouble with these words….”

http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/radio/specials/934_gramchallenge3/

14

Take good care of yourself!