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West Cambourne Noise and Vibration

19102/A5/ES2014 Chapter 11 – December 2014

11.0 NOISE AND VIBRATION

Introduction

11.1 This chapter of the ES assesses the likely significant effects of the Proposed

Development in terms of noise and vibration, in particular the potential direct and

indirect effects of the development arising from construction phase noise and vibration

and operational phase road traffic noise at sensitive receptor locations.

11.2 The chapter describes the assessment methodology; the baseline conditions at the Site

and surroundings; the likely significant environmental effects; the mitigation measures

required to prevent, reduce or offset any significant adverse effects; and the likely

residual effects after these measures have been employed. A summary of impact

significance and mitigation is included as Table 11.38. This chapter has been prepared

Royal HaskoningDHV.

Planning Policy Context

11.3 This assessment has been undertaken in accordance with the following leg islation,

policies and guidance.

National Legislation

Environmental Protection Act (EPA) (1990) HMSO i

11.4 Section 79 of the Act defines statutory nuisance with regard to noise and determines

that local planning authorities have a duty to detect such nuisances in their area. The

Act also defines the concept of “Best Practicable Means” (BPM):

“ ‘practicable’ means reasonably practicable having regard

among other things to local conditions and circumstances,

to the current state of technical knowledge and to the

financial implications;

the means to be employed include the design, installation,

maintenance and manner and periods of operation of plant

and machinery, and the design, construction and

maintenance of buildings and structures;



the test is to apply only so far as compatible with any duty

imposed by law; and

the test is to apply only so far as compatible with safety

and safe working conditions, and with the exigencies of

any emergency or unforeseeable circumstances.”

11.5 Section 80 of the Act provides local planning authorities with powers to serve an

abatement notice requiring the abatement of a nuisance or requiring works to be

executed to prevent their occurrence.

The Control of Pollution Act, 1974 (CoPA) ii

11.6 Section 60 of the Act provides powers to Local Authority Officers to serve an abatement

notice in respect of noise nuisance from construction works.

11.7 Section 61 provides a method by which a contractor can apply for ‘prior consent’ for

construction activities before commencement of works. The ‘prior consent’ is agreed

between the Local Authority and the contractor and may conta in a range of agreed

working conditions, noise limits and control measures designed to minimise or prevent

the occurrence of noise nuisance from construction activities. Application for a ‘prior

consent’ is a commonly used control measure in respect of potential noise effects from

major construction works.

The National Planning Policy Framework ii i

11.8 The National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF) was introduced in March 2012 replacing

the former Planning Policy Guidance 24: Planning and Noise. Paragraph 123 of the

National Planning Policy Framework states that planning policies and decisions should

aim to:

“avoid noise from giving rise to significant adverse impacts

on health and quality of life as a result of new

development;

mitigate and reduce to a minimum other adverse impacts

on health and quality of life arising from noise from new

development, including through the use of conditions;



recognise that development will often create some noise

and existing businesses wanting to develop in continuance

of their business should not have unreasonable restrictions

put on them because of changes in nearby land uses since

they were established; and

identify and protect areas of tranquillity which have

remained relatively undisturbed by noise and are prized for

their recreational and amenity value for this reason.”

Planning Practice Guidance

11.9 The National Planning Practice Guidance for Noise (NPPG Noise, March 2014) iv, issued

under the NPPF, states that noise needs to be considered when new developments may

create additional noise and when new developments would be sensitive to the prevailing

acoustic environment. When preparing local or neighbourhood plans, or taking decisions

about new development, there may also be opportunities to consider improvements to

the acoustic environment.

11.10 Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA), 2010, Noise Policy

Statement for England (NPSE)v

11.11 The NPSE document was published by Defra in 2010 and paragraph 1.7 states three

policy aims:

“Through the effective management and control of

environmental, neighbour and neighbourhood noise within

the context of Government policy on sustainable

development:

1. avoid significant adverse impacts on health and

quality of life;

2. mitigate and minimise adverse impacts on health

and quality of life; and

3. where possible, contribute to the improvement of

health and quality of life.”



11.12 The first two points require that significant adverse effect should not occur and that,

where a noise level falls between a leve l which represents the lowest observable

adverse effect and a level which represents a significant observed adverse effect:

“…all reasonable steps should be taken to mitigate and

minimise adverse effects on health and quality of life

whilst also taking into consideration the guiding principles

of sustainable development. This does not mean that such

effects cannot occur.” (Paragraph 2.24, NPSE, March 2010).

11.13 Section 2.20 of The NPSE introduces key phrases including “Significant adverse” and

“adverse” and two established concepts from toxicology that are being applied to noise

effects:

“NOEL – No Observed Effect Level

This is the level below which no effect can be detected. In

simple terms, below this level, there is no detectable

effect on health and quality of life due to the noise.

LOAEL – Lowest Observed Adverse Effect Level

This is the level above which adverse effects on health and

quality of life can be detected”.

11.14 Paragraph 2.21 of the NPSE extends the concepts described above and leads to a

significant observed adverse effect level – SOAEL, which is defined as the level above

which significant effects on health and quality of life occur.

11.15 The NPSE states:

“it is not possible to have a single objective noise-based

measure that defines SOAEL that is applicable to all

sources of noise in all situations”. (Paragraph 2.22, NPSE,

March 2010).

11.16 Furthermore paragraph 2.22 of the NPSE acknowledges that:



“further research is required to increase understanding of

what may constitute a significant adverse effect on health

and quality of life from noise”.

Local Planning Policy

South Cambridgeshire District Council Development Control DPD vi

11.17 South Cambridgeshire District Council (SCDC) is in the process of preparing a new Local

Plan which is expected to be adopted in late 2014.

11.18 Until the new Local Plan is adopted, the Local Development Framework (LDF) remains in

place. The LDF comprises a number of documents including the adopted Core Strategy

and the Development Control Policies DPD. Whilst the Core Strategy sets out the overall

approach to development in the District, a review of the Development Control Policies

DPD highlighted the following policy relevant to noise:

“NOISE POLICY NE/15 Noise Pollution

1. Planning permission will not be granted for

development which:

a. Has an unacceptable adverse impact on the

indoor and outdoor acoustic environment of

existing or planned development;

b. Has an unacceptable adverse impact on

countryside areas of tranquillity which are

important for wildlife and countryside

recreation; or

c. Would be subject to unacceptable noise levels

from existing noise sources, both ambient and

having regard to noise impulses whether

irregular or tone.

2. Conditions may be attached to any planning

permission to ensure adequate attenuation of noise

emissions or to control the noise at source.



Consideration will be given to the increase in road

traffic that may arise due to the development and

conditions or Section 116 agreements may be used

to minimise such noise.

3. In particularly sensitive locations, business us

development may be restricted to office use only

(B1(a)).

4. Where a planning application for residential

development is near an existing noise source, the

applicant will be required to demonstrate that the

proposal would not be subject to an unacceptable

noise levels.

5. The District Council will seek to ensure that noise

from proposed commercial, industrial, recreational

or transport use does not cause any significant

increase in the background noise level of nearby

existing noise sensitive property which includes

dwellings, hospitals, residential institutions, nursing

homes, hotels, guesthouses, and schools and other

educational establishments.

7.55 Planning Policy Guidance Note 24 paragraph 5

requires development plans to include policies

which ensure noise sensitive developments are

located away from existing sources of significant

noise, and that potentially noisy developments are

located in areas where noise will not be such an

important consideration or where its impact can be

minimised”.

South Cambridge District Council, March 2010 - District Design Guide (SPD)vii

11.19 Noise is referred to in Section 11.28 of this guidance with further explanation provided

in Appendix 6 Noise – Detailed Design Guidance. The appendix contains supplementary

design guidance for all aspects relating to noise and vibration including outdoor and

indoor noise levels standards and criteria, sound insulation requirements, and



construction noise for example. This guidance does not reflect the current terminology

of the NPPF and NPSE, for example using LOAEL/SOAEL to determine effect levels for

assessment purposes. Where applicable the latest available standard and/or guidance

has been incorporated in to this assessment.

Guidance

11.20 The following guidance has been considered in the noise and vibration assessment. A

summary description of each standard can be found in Appendix 11.1.

British Standards Institution (2003) BS 7445-1-2003 – Description and

measurement of environmental noise. Guide to quantities and procedures. BSI,

London”.vii i

British Standards Institution, (2014). BS 4142:2014 – Methods for rating and

assessing industrial and commercial sound. BSI, London. ix

Berglund et al (1999) – Guidelines for Community Noise. Geneva, World Health

Organisation (WHO).x

British Standard (BS) 5228-1:2009+A1:2014 “Code of practice for noise and

vibration control on construction and open sites – Part 1: Noise” [BSI, 2014].xi

British Standard [BS] 5228-2: 2009+A1:2014 “Code of practice for noise and

vibration control on construction and open sites – Part 2: Vibration” (BSI,

2014).xii

Department of Transport, Welsh Office (1988). Calculation of Road Traffic Noise

HMSO, London.xiii

The Highways Agency (2011) Design Manual for Roads and Br idges, Volume 11,

Section 3, Part 7: Noise and Vibration. The Highways Agency.xiv

British Standard Institute (2014). BS8233: Guidance on sound insulation and

noise reduction for buildings. BSI, London. xv

British Standard 6472-1:2008 Guide to evaluation of human exposure to

vibration in buildings. Part 1: Vibration sources other than blasting, BSI .xvi

Education Funding Agency (2012). Acoustic Performance Standards For Priority

Schools Building Programme. Department for Education, London. xvii

British Council for Offices (2014). Guide to Specification 2014. BCO, London. xviii



Assessment Methodology and Significance Criteria

11.21 This section describes the assessment methodology, including data collation,

consultation and effect assessment criteria that were used in the noise and vibration

assessment.

Consultation

11.22 This assessment has been informed by the Scoping Opinion issued by SCDC on 28 th

January 2014. Comments received from the Environmental Health Officer of SCDC were

taken into account in the noise assessment methodology provided in this chapter. On

attending the Site concerns over equipment security were identified. The Site was

considered to be ‘open land’ due to the public rights of way, the proximity to the college

in the centre, the industrial zone located towards the east and north-east and the

commercial zone at the A1198/A428 roundabout. On this basis the baseline noise survey

was adapted and comprised attended measurements of 1 hour duration during the

reference daytime period (07:00 to 23:00hrs) and 15 minutes duration during the

reference daytime period (23:00 to 07:00hrs). Attended measurements quantifying the

baseline ambient and the background noise climate were carried out at representative

locations throughout the daytime and night time periods.

Study Area

11.23 The Study Area for the noise and vibration assessment comprised the area immediately

adjacent to the Site, and is shown in Figure 11.1. The closest noise sensitive receptors

in each geographical direction were taken into account, on the basis that receptors

further from the Site will experience lower noise levels due to the increased separation

distance. The Study Area also comprises sections of thesurrounding road network

significantly affected by the development. The extent of the road network considered

for this assessment was dictated by the Transport Assessment data provided by Royal

HaskoningDHV (RHDHV).

11.24 The existing noise sensitive receptors located around the Site include residential

dwellings to the east and south (Lower Cambourne and Caxton respectively),

educational facilities at Cambourne Village College accessible via Sheepfold Lane, and

retail in the form of restaurants to the north-west near Caxton Gibbet. There are

industrial and commercial premises along Sheepfold Lane and located within the nearby

Cambourne Business Park to the north-east and east, additional industrial premises to

the centre in the form of Swansley Wood Farm, and to the north buildings close to the



A428. The principle noise effects on these receptors will arise as a result of the

construction phase of the Site and from predicted increased traffic flows associated with

the development.

Construction

11.25 An assessment of noise and vibration effects has been undertaken based on the

information provided in Chapter 6- Construction Programme.

Construction Activities

11.26 Noise levels from the construction phase were calculated using the methods and

guidance in BS5228. This Standard provides methods for predicting receptor noise leve ls

from construction works, based on the number and type of construction plant and

activities operating on site with corrections to account for: the ‘on -time’ of the plant, as

a percentage of the assessment period; distance from source to receptor; acousti c

screening by barriers, buildings or topography; and ground type. The source noise

levels for each piece of plant equipment likely to be in operation during construction

were used as the basis for the calculation and were derived from Annex C of BS5228.

11.27 SoundPLAN noise modelling software was utilised to predict the noise from the

construction activity at existing sensitive receptors. The calculation method takes

account of air absorption, distance attenuation, barriers and topography, and light

downwind conditions from source to receptor. A three-dimensional model was created

using topographical data of the local area and plans and elevations of the Proposed

Development. The model incorporated the Proposed Development, nearby existing

residential dwellings, educational, industrial, leisure and auxiliary buildings; and the

surrounding local road network.

11.28 A list of typical construction plant and equipment associated with each key element of

the construction process and considered during the noise assessment was taken from

the Construction Plant table detailed within Chapter 6: Construction Programme and

reproduced as Table 11.1. The results were calculated as the dB LAeq,10h noise levels,

representing a conservative prediction of the noise level that might affect adjacent

receptors over the full period of one ten-hour day of construction activity.

11.29 The following assumptions were made:



Construction activities will take place during typical day time construction hours

only;

For this assessment these were assumed to be 08:00 to 18:00 during weekdays,

08:00 to 13:00 on Saturday, no work on Sunday or Bank Holidays;

All ground at the Site was assumed to have anabsorption factor of 0.6;

otherwise roads were assumed to be acoustically hard and reflective, i.e.

concrete/tarmac and a +5dB adjustment included in the SoundPLAN noise model

using the ‘create ground effects from road surfaces’ function);

All noise emitting equipment was modelled as a point source and placed at

representative locations within the construction zones based on details provided

in Figure 6.1 – Phasing Plans;

The haul roads highlighted on Figure 6.1 – Phasing Plan were included in the

model and associated vehicle movements were based on details provided in

Chapter 6: Construction Programme;

Acoustic propagation effects were calculated using the BS5228 method; and

The ‘on-time’ for all plant was assumed to be 50% .

11.30 The types of plant proposed to be used during construction is presented in Table 6.2 of

Chapter 6 - Construction Programme. Based on experience of assessing similar projects

and to provide a conservative approach for the construction noise assessment, a list of

assumed plant and typical construction equipment used during a representative phase

are presented in Table 11.1.

Table 11.1: List of Assumed Plant for Construction Noise Assessment

Phase Plant / Activity BS5228

Reference No.

Noise level (dB LwA)

On-time (%)

Enabling Works

Tracked/wheeled 360 degree Excavators

C1.13 4 114 50

Excavator mounted hydraulic breakers

C5.1 4 116 50

Excavator mounted hydraulic crushers

C1.15 4 111 50

Dumpers C2.31 4 123 50

Construction Traffic Movements on Haul Routes

C8.20 Based on 100 two-way HGV trips per

day

76 n/a


SoundPLAN Source Noise

Library

Based on 170 two-way car or light vehicle

trips per day

56 n/a

1, 2, 3 Tracked/wheeled 360 degree Excavators

C1.13 8 114 50



Phase Plant / Activity BS5228

Reference No.

Noise level (dB LwA)

On-time (%)

Mobile Craneage/Tower Cranes

C3.29 4 98 50

Dumpers C2.31 8 123



day

76 n/a



Library


trips per day

56 n/a

4, 5, 6 Tracked/wheeled 360

degree Excavators

C1.13 4 114 50


C3.29 2 98 50

Dumpers C2.31 4 123 50



day

76 n/a



Library


trips per day

56 n/a

7 Tracked/wheeled 360 degree Excavators

C1.13 2 114 50


C3.29 2 98 50

Dumpers C2.31 2 123 50

11.31 Predicted construction noise effects were assessed at the closest existing receptors to

the Site, and included groups of commercial, educational or residential receptors.

These noise sensitive receptors are highlighted in Table 11.2 and in Figure 11.2.

Table 11.2: Existing Construction Noise Receptor Locations

Receptor Number

Location X Y

CN1 Swansley Lane 531134 259847

CN2 Meadowsweet Close 531149 259745

CN3 Codling Walk 530932 259579

CN4 Woodfield Lane 530800 259452



Receptor Number

Location X Y

CN5 School Lane 530890 259246

CN6 Brockholt Road 530329 258909

CN7 Swansley Wood Farm 530479 260195

CN8 Cambourne Village College 530998 259980

CN9 SCDC Offices 531379 260070

11.32 New noise sensitive receptors associated with each construction phase including the

proposed residential units and schools were also considered in accordance with the

phasing of the construction programme detailed in Figure 6.1 -Phasing Plans. These

new receptors were labelled according to the zoning identified on Figure 4.7 Parameters

Plan and are presented on Figure 11.3.

11.33 The predicted construction noise levels were assessed against noise limits derived from

advice within Annex E of BS 5228-1:2009+A1:2014. The Standard details the “ABC

method”, which specifies a construction noise limit based on the existing ambient noise

level. Table 11.3, reproduced from BS 5228, provides the criteria for selection of a

noise limit for a specific receptor location. To provide a conservative approach to the

assessment new noise sensitive receptors emerging due to the construction phasing of

the Development were considered as threshold category A.

Table 11.3: Construction Noise Threshold Levels Based on the ABC Method

(BS5228)

Assessment category and threshold value period

(LAeq)

Threshold value, in decibels (dB)

Category A A)

Category B B)

Category C C)

Night time (23.00 to 07.00) 45 50 55

Evening and weekends D) 55 60 65

Daytime (07.00 – 19.00) and Saturdays (07.00 - 13.00)

65 70 75

A) Category A: threshold values to use when ambient noise levels (when rounded to the nearest 5 dB) are less than these values.

B) Category B: threshold values to use when ambient noise levels (when rounded to the nearest 5 dB) are the same as category A values.

C) Category C: threshold values to use when ambient noise levels (when rounded to the nearest 5 dB) are higher than category A values.

D) 19.00–23.00 weekdays, 13.00–23.00 Saturdays and 07.00–23.00 Sundays.

11.34 The criteria for assessing the magnitude of predicted noise effects in relation to the

above construction noise thresholds, is detailed in Table 11.4.



Table 11.4: Construction Noise Magnitude of Effect

Construction noise level (dB)A Magnitude of

Effect A) 65dB threshold B) 70dB threshold C) 75dB threshold

≤65 ≤70 ≤75 Negligible

>65 – ≤70 >70 – ≤75 >75 - ≤80 Minor

>70 – ≤75 >75 – ≤80 >80 - ≤85 Moderate

>75 >80 >85 Major

11.35 Table 11.5 shows the derived construction noise threshold level for each existing

construction noise receptor, based on the measured daytime ambient noise level at the

closest baseline monitoring location.

Table 11.5: Construction Noise Receptor Locations

Receptor Number

Nearest Baseline

Measurement Location

Description

Measured Daytime

ambient noise level

(dB LAeq)

Category

Daytime noise

threshold (dB LAeq)

CN1 M4 Swansley Lane 40.9 A 65

CN2 M4 Meadowsweet Close

40.9 A 65

CN3 M4 Codling Walk 40.9 A 65

CN4 M5 Woodfield Lane 40.9 A 65

CN5 M5 School Lane 55.1 A 65

CN6 M5 Brockholt Road 55.1 A 65

CN7 M3 Swansley Wood Farm

53.2 A 65

CN8 M4 Cambourne Village College

46.4 A 65

CN9 M8 SCDC Offices 46.4 A 65

Construction Related Vibration

11.36 Groundborne vibration can result from construction works and may lead to perceptible

levels of vibration within nearby properties, which at higher levels can cause annoyance

to residents. In extreme cases, cosmetic or structural building damage can occur,

however vibration levels have to be very high for this effect to be manifested and such

cases are rare.



11.37 High vibration levels generally arise from ‘heavy’ construction works such as piling, deep

excavation, or dynamic ground compaction.

11.38 Annex E of British Standard BS 5228-2:2009+A1:2014 contains empirical formulae

derived by Hiller and Crabb (2000) from field measurements relating resultant peak

particle velocity (PPV) with a number of other parameters for vibratory compaction,

dynamic compaction, percussive and vibratory piling, the vibration of stone columns and

tunnel boring operations. These prediction equations a re based on the energy approach.

Use of these empirical formulae enables resultant PPV to be predicted and for some

activities (vibratory compaction, vibratory piling and vibrated stone columns) they can

provide an indicator of the probability of these levels of PPV being exceeded.

11.39 The empirical equations for predicting construction-related vibrations provide estimates

in terms of PPV, therefore the consequences of predicted levels in terms of human

perception and disturbance can be established through direct comparison with the BS

5228-2:2009+A1:2014 guidance vibration levels.

11.40 There is generally a separation distance of 50 metres between the closest potential

construction works and existing residential properties. Due to this separation distance it

is considered that vibration will not adversely affect receptors and has not been

assessed in further detail.

11.41 However it may be required once the exact construction phasing, equipment numbers,

location and types are determined for the development using the approach outlined

above to calculate the resultant vibration levels from heavy construction activities at the

sensitive receptors and identify any potential effect using the criteria detailed in

Table 11.6.

Table 11.6: Vibration Limits for Human Response

Vibration Limit, PPV

(mm/s) Interpreted Significance To HUMANS Effect Classification

≤0.14 Vibration unlikely to be perceptible None

0.14 to 0.3 Vibration might just be perceptible in the most sensitive situations for most vibration frequencies associated with construction

Negligible – Adverse

0.3 to 1.0 Vibration might just be perceptible in residential environments

Minor – Adverse

1.0 to ≤10.0 It is likely that vibration at this level in residential environments will cause complaint, but can be tolerated if prior warning and explanation has been given to residents

Moderate – Adverse



Vibration Limit, PPV

(mm/s) Interpreted Significance To HUMANS Effect Classification

≥10 Vibration is likely to be intolerable for any more than a brief exposure to this level

Substantial - Adverse

Road Traffic Noise Assessment Methodology

11.42 Noise level increases due to increases in traffic volume and composition on surrounding

local roads were calculated in accordance with the methodology contained in Calculation

of Road Traffic Noise (CRTN). The significance of any predicted change in noise level

was then assessed in accordance with the criteria contained in the Design Manual for

Roads and Bridges (DMRB).

11.43 In accordance with the methodology contained in DMRB, Volume 11, Section 3, Chapter

3 an initial screening assessment was undertaken to assess whether there would be any

significant changes in traffic volumes as a result of the Proposed Development. Any

road links with a predicted increase in traffic volume of 25%, or a decrease of 20%,

were identified in the initial part of the assessment. Such changes in traffic volume

would correspond to a 1dB(A) change in noise level at the relevant road link, which is

regarded as imperceptible and therefore negligible with regard to effect significance. If

a development gives rise to traffic increases which are no greater than 25%, or

decreases no more than 20%, then guidance indicates that no further assessment needs

to be conducted (Highways Agency 2011).

11.44 Where road links were predicted to have an increase of greater than 25% or a decrease

of 20%, a noise level calculation should be undertaken following the procedure outlined

in CRTN.

11.45 The extent of the road network considered in the noise assessment was dictated by the

Transport Assessment provided by Royal HaskoningDHV the Transportation Consultants

for the project. Further details are provided in Chapter 9 - Transport and Access. The

transport study area was defined through scoping discussions and consultation with

SCDC and the HA on those roads and junctions that may experience a material increase

in traffic as a result of the development.

11.46 The Proposed Development will be phased, and therefore some parts of the Site will be

operational prior to 2028. However, baseline traffic flow data was not available for any

interim years at the time of this assessment and therefore only effects as a result of the

completed development, in 2028, were considered. This is a conservative approach as it



considered the effect of the fully-built out Proposed Development on existing and

proposed receptors, accounting for traffic growth until 2028. Additional information is

provided in the limitations and assumptions section of this chapter.

The following dates were assumed in the traffic noise assessment:

2028 Base Flows;

2028 Base plus Development Flows.

11.47 Table 11.7 presents the 18-hour Annual Average Weekday Traffic (AAWT) flows, HGV

percentages and speeds used in the assessment which were provided by RHDHV, for the

following roads:

A1198 Ermine Street;

A1198 Caxton;

A1198 into Cambourne;

Cambourne Road North bound;

Cambourne Road South bound;

Broad Street;

School Lane;

A428;

Sheepfold Lane.

Table 11.7: Traffic Data Used in the Assessment

Road Link

2013 Base 2028 Without

Scheme 2028 With

Scheme

Speed (kph)

18-Hour AAWT Flow

% HGV

18-Hour AAWT Flow

% HGV 18-Hour

AAWT Flow

% HGV

A1198 Ermine Street 6,688 4.5 8,582 4.5 10,187 3.8 82

A1198 Caxton 2,244 2.3 2,879 2.3 2,879 2.3 56

A1198 into Cambourne 6,567 3.8 8,427 3.8 9,984 3.2 85

Cambourne Road northbound 9,170 2.3 11,768 2.3 16,415 1.6 56

Cambourne Road

southbound 9,300 3.8 11,934 3.8 15,782 2.9 53

Broad Street 6,005 2.5 7,706 2.5 8,624 2.2 43

School Lane 6,736 5.2 8,644 5.2 9,562 4.7 42

A428 (east of Caxton Gibbet Roundabout) 30,181 5.6 38,729 5.6 40,159 5.5 113

Sheepfold Lane 1,109 4.3 1,423 4.3 9,644 0.6 48



11.48 The primary spine road of the development is represented by the Sheepfold Lane flows

(2028 with Scheme) highlighted in Table 11.7 and these 18-Hour AAWT Flows were

included in the noise model. The criteria determined in Table 11.8 relate to a relative

increase in noise in comparison to an existing noise leve l, such as the change due to

increased traffic on the road network. The thresholds for differentiating the criteria are

based on guidance in DMRB which suggests that in some studies, a change of 1dB in

road noise has been observed to cause annoyance in some residents and that 1dB is

generally accepted as the smallest perceptible change.

Table 11.8: Magnitude of Effect for Relative Change Due to Road Traffic

Change in noise level (dB) Magnitude of Effect

0.0 No change

0.1 – 2.9 Negligible

3.0 – 4.9 Minor

5.0 – 9.9 Moderate

10.0+ Major

11.49 Predictions of road traffic noise were undertaken for the baseline year with and without

the Proposed Development and are presented in Appendix 11.1 Figure A9 and

Figure A10 as LA10,18h noise contours.

Completed Development

Industrial Noise Assessment

11.50 At this stage in the design of the Proposed Development, specific details of any

externally mounted plant associated with residential, commercial or educational

establishments, for example refrigeration and ventilation purposes, are not available.

Noise from plant such as this is typically assessed in the context of BS 4142, which

involves a comparison of the rating level and the measured background (LA90) noise

level at potential receptor locations. Noise from externally mounted plant is relatively

simple to mitigate through the design measures, such as: equipment selection, location

of equipment, installation of attenuators or enclosure of equipment.

11.51 At the later detailed design stage, any externally-mounted plant should be specified

such that the daytime and night time background (LA90) noise levels are not exceeded

and where appropriate design target levels are to be 5dB below these background

levels.



11.52 At this stage of the application there is not specific data to determine the impact of any

noise associated with the proposed sports pitches and open recreational spaces.

Potential mitigation if required can be considered at the detailed application stage.

Suitability of Site for Residential Development

11.53 The Proposed Development includes a residential aspect. The suitability of the Site for

this use was assessed using the assessment methodology described below.

11.54 Guidance in BS8233:2014 Section 6.2.2 highlights the use of modelling tr affic noise and

the text is reproduced below:

“A Defra-commissioned study, prepared by TRL and

entitled “Method for Converting the UK Road Traffic

Noise Index LA10,18h to the EU Noise Indices for

Road Noise Mapping”, is the source of the method

promulgated in Highways Agency document HD

213/11 for estimating night-time noise levels from

the calculated or measured LA10,18h.

This study, however, also provides methods for the

conversion of LA10,18h index to other indices,

including various period LAeq,T values. Whilst these

conversions have been developed primarily for

compliance with strategic EU noise mapping

requirements, they provide one potential approach

to estimating the range of noise indicators which

are relevant to modelling traffic noise.

Otherwise, conversion of LA10 to LAeq can be

achieved by the (approximate) relationship: LAeq,16h

= LA10,18h – 2 dB. This is generally correct with a

95% confidence interval of ±2 dB for moderate and

heavy traffic flows.”

11.55 18-Hour Annual Average Daily Traffic (AAWT) flows and HGV percentages were provided

for the roads detailed in Table 11.7.



11.56 SoundPLAN noise modelling software was utilised to predict the noise from the 18-Hour

Annual Average Daily Traffic (AAWT) flows and HGV percentages in Table 11.7 for the

road network within the vicinity of the Site at existing and future sensitive receptors.

The calculation method takes account of air absorption, distance attenuation, barriers

and topography, and light downwind conditions from source to receptor. A three-

dimensional model was created using topographical data of the local area and plans and

elevations of the Site. The model incorporated the Proposed Development, nearby

residential dwellings, auxiliary buildings and the surrounding local road network.

11.57 The calculated noise levels generated by the modelling exercise are reported as

predicted LAeq,16hr noise levels for daytime (07:00 to 23:00) and L Aeq,8hr night time (23:00

to 07:00) periods at the noise sensitive receptors (NSRs), based on the inputted traffic

flow movements. The development including the newly formed NSRs is shown on

Figure 11.3 and classification was based on the zoning shown in Figure 4.7 Parameters

Plan.

11.58 The assessment of suitability for residential dwellings was underta ken considering the

internal ambient noise levels for dwellings recommended in BS 8233:2014 Table 4 and

reproduced in Table 11.9.

Table 11.9: Indoor Ambient Noise Levels for Dwellings (from BS 8233)

Activity Location 07:00 to 23:00 23:00 to 07:00

Resting Living Room 35dB LAeq,16hr -

Dining Dining Room/Area 40dB LAeq,16hr -

Sleeping (daytime resting) Bedroom 35dB LAeq,16hr 30dB LAeq,8hr

11.59 BS8233:2014 contains additional guidance on the appropriate use of the indoor ambient

noise levels for dwellings detailed in Table 11.9 above. These guidelines are

reproduced below:

The levels shown are based on the existing guidelines issued by the World

Health Organisation (WHO) and assume normal diurnal fluctuations in external

noise. In cases where local conditions do not follow a typical diurnal pattern, for

example on a road serving a port with high levels of traffic at certain times of

the night, an appropriate alternative period, e.g. 1 hour, may be used, but the

level should be selected to ensure consistency with the levels recommended

above;



Where development is considered necessary or desirable, despite external noise

levels above WHO guidelines, the internal target levels may be relaxed by up to

5 dB and reasonable internal conditions still achieved.

These levels are based on annual average data and do not have to be achieved

in all circumstances. For example, it is normal to exclude occasional events, such

as fireworks night or New Year’s Eve;

Regular individual noise events (for example, scheduled aircraft or passing

trains) can cause sleep disturbance. A guideline value may be set in terms of SEL

or LAmax,F, depending on the character and number of events per night. Sporadic

noise events could require separate values;

If relying on closed windows to meet the guide values, there needs to be an

appropriate alternative ventilation that does not compromise the façade

insulation or the resulting noise level.

11.60 An assessment of the predicted indoor ambient noise levels at the completed Site were

compared with the BS8233 noise levels detailed in Table 11.9. The assessment

thresholds detailed in Table 11.10 for differentiating the criteria are based on guidance

in DMRB.

Table 11.10: Magnitude of Effect for Indoor Ambient Noise Levels

Change in noise level (dBA) Magnitude of Effect


3.0 – 4.9 Minor


10.0+ Major

11.61 The World Health Organisation (WHO) “Guidelines for community noise” provides a

range of noise targets aimed at protecting the well -being and health of communities.

These are aspirational targets and are highlighted in Table 11.11.

Table 11.11: WHO Guidelines for Community Noise

Specific Environment Typical Situation LAeq,T Time base

(hours)

Reasonable resting/ sleeping conditions

Serious annoyance, daytime

evening

55 16

Moderate annoyance, daytime evening

50 16

11.62 In a planning context BS8233:2014, paragraph 7.7.3.2 recognises that the WHO

aspirational noise targets are not achievable in all situations:



“For traditional external areas that are used for amenity

space, such as gardens and patios, it is desirable that

the external noise level does not exceed 50 dB LAeq,T,

with an upper guideline value of 55 dB LAeq,T which

would be acceptable in noisier environments. However,

it is also recognized that these guideline values are not

achievable in all circumstances where development

might be desirable. In higher noise areas, such as city

centres or urban areas adjoining the strategic transport

network, a compromise between elevated noise levels

and other factors, such as the convenience of living in

these locations or making efficient use of land resources

to ensure development needs can be met, might be

warranted. In such a situation, development should be

designed to achieve the lowest practicable levels in

these external amenity spaces, but should not be

prohibited”.

11.63 An assessment of the predicted external daytime noise levels at the completed Site were

compared with the WHO recommended noise levels detailed in Table 11.11 above. The

assessment thresholds detailed in Table 11.12 for differentiating the criteria are based

on guidance in DMRB and are related to the excess above the upper threshold of 55dB

LAeq,16hr WHO criteria shown in Table 11.11.

Table 11.12: Magnitude of Effect for External Daytime Noise Levels

Change in noise level (dBA) Magnitude of Effect


3.0 – 4.9 Minor


10.0+ Major

11.64 The LAeq,16h (day) and LAeq,8h (night) were calculated at various receptor locations within

the proposed residential areas and the predicted noise levels were used to indicate the

likely internal noise level. Once the Proposed Development is built and operational,

noise levels would differ from those measured during the baseline noise survey, due to

changing road traffic and introduction of the development buildings to the Site.

Calculated noise levels derived from the noise modelling study were therefore used to

assess suitability for residential development.



11.65 Facade elements (e.g. glazing and ventilation apertures) can be specified to achieve

required internal noise levels, which are intended to ensure that adequate noise

reduction occurs to reduce direct and flanking transmission across facade elements.

Significance Criteria

11.66 In order to determine the significance of an impact, not only must the magnitude of

impact be determined, but the sensitivity of the receptors to the impact must also be

defined. Table 11.13 presents definitions of terms relating to the sensitivity of the

receptor.

Table 11.13: Definitions of Terms Relating to the Sensitivity of Receptors

Sensitivity Definition

High Hospitals (e.g. operating theatres or high dependency units), care homes at

night

Medium Residential accommodation, private gardens, hospital wards, care homes,

schools, universities, research facilities, national parks, during the day; and temporary holiday accommodation at all times

Low Offices, shops, outdoor amenity areas, long distance footpaths, doctors

surgeries, sports facilities and places of worship

Negligible Warehouses, light industry, car parks, agricultural land

11.67 For the identified noise sensitive receptors the sensitivity of each was determined and

presented in Table 11.14.

Table 11.14: Classification of Receptors Sensitivity

NSR Location Category Sensitivity

CN1 – CN8 Residential Accommodation, Rear

Gardens, College/School Medium

CN9 Existing Offices/Commercial Low

Newly Formed Residential Receptors

Residential Accommodation, Rear Gardens

Medium

Newly Formed Schools Schools, Universities Medium

Newly Formed Offices and Commercial

Offices, shops Low

Newly Formed Amenity (other than residential)

Outdoor amenity areas, sports facilities

Low

Newly Formed Warehouses

Warehouses, light industry, car parks

Negligible

11.68 The effect assessment matrix presented in Table 11.15 was used to determine the

effect significance based on receptor sensitivity and magnitude of impact.



Table 11.15: Effect Significance Matrix

Sensitivity

High Medium Low Negligible

Magnitude

Major Major Major Moderate Minor

Moderate Major Moderate Minor Minor

Minor Moderate Minor Minor Negligible

Negligible Minor Negligible Negligible Negligible

Limitations and Assumptions

11.69 The negligible threshold at residential receptors used in this assessment applies to noise

levels outside of a property. BS8233 states that a partly open window will offer up to 15

dBA attenuation against external noise, therefore on this basis the negligible threshold

at residential receptors would produce an internal noise level lower than the 30dB

criterion defined in BS8233 inside bedrooms during the night time period.

11.70 This assessment utilised traffic data provided by the Transportation Consultants for the

project for the years of assessment 2028. The Proposed Development will be phased,

and therefore some parts of the Site will be operational prior to 2028 (anticipated year

of completion). The approach adopted in this ES provided a conservative assessment as

it includes all development generated traffic and background growth, the effect of the

fully-built out Proposed Development on existing and proposed receptors, accounting for

traffic growth until 2028.

11.71 The assessment of site suitability for residential development was based on the West

Cambourne Parameters Plan provided as the following drawings.

West Cambourne Figure 4.1 Open Space

West Cambourne Figure 4.2 Landscape & Ecology

West Cambourne Figure 4.3 Tree Retention Plan

West Cambourne Figure 4.4 Development Areas

West Cambourne Figure 4.5 Building Heights

West Cambourne Figure 4.6 Access & Circulation

West Cambourne Figure 4.7 Parameters Plan

11.72 The assessment predicted noise levels for all receptor facades for the construction

phasing and for the completed development. External noise levels without and with the

development were predicted to establish the site suitability in the context of criteria

detailed in BS8233.



Baseline Conditions

11.73 In order to characterise the existing environment within the Study Area an attended

baseline noise survey was undertaken. Prior to conducting the baseline noise survey

SCDC were contacted via email and telephone on the 17 January 2014 to discuss the

proposed methodology and receptor monitoring locations. No direct response was

received. The scoping opinion document from SCDC and others was received after

completion of the baseline noise survey.

11.74 On attending the Site concerns over equipment security were identified. The Site was

considered to be ‘open land’ due to the public rights of way, the prox imity to the college

in the centre, the industrial zone located towards the east and north-east and the

commercial zone at the A1198/A428 roundabout. On this basis the baseline noise survey

was adapted and comprised a series of attended measurements.

11.75 The noise measurements were taken using a Brüel and Kjær Type 2250 Sound Level

Meter (SLM). The noise meter was fully calibrated, traceable to UKAS standards and

satisfies the requirements of BS EN 61672: 2003xix for ‘Type 1’ SLM. The noise

measurements were conducted with the SLM tripod mounted at a microphone height of

1.5 metres above ground level and 3.5 metres away from any reflecting surface other

than the ground, i.e. in free-field conditions. The calibration of the SLM was checked

before and after each survey period, with no change in sensitivity observed.

11.76 Attended noise measurements were typically conducted over a 1 hour period during the

daytime, using the Reference period (07:00hrs to 23:00hrs); and for a duration of 15

minutes during the night time Reference period (23:00hrs to 07:00hrs). The

measurements included the following noise indices:

LAeq – the equivalent continuous sound pressure level over the measurement

period. This parameter was standardised as pertinent for land use within

BS7445-2xx;

LAmax – the maximum sound pressure level occurring within the defined

measurement period;

LA90 – the sound pressure level exceeded for 90% of the measurement period

and is indicative of the background noise level; and

LA10 – the sound pressure level exceeded for 10% of the measurement period.

The LA10 index is used within the CRTN as an appropriate descriptor of traffic

noise.



11.77 The equivalent continuous sound pressure level (LAeq) is the conventional descriptor of

environmental noise and is defined below.

11.78 Noise measurements are normally taken with an A-weighting (denoted by a subscript

‘A’) to approximate the frequency response of the human ear.

11.79 Sensitive receptors, in the context of noise and vibration, are typically resi dential

premises but can also include schools, places of worship and noise/vibration sensitive

commercial premises.

11.80 The attended baseline noise survey was undertaken on 20 and 21 January 2014 during

daytime and night time periods at the NSR locations indicated on Figure 11.1, to

further inform the baseline noise assessment. Measurements were deemed to be taken

in accordance with guidance in BS7445.

11.81 The noise measurement results are detailed in Table 11.16 and Table 11.17

representing daytime and night time periods respectively, with observations made

regarding the character of noise and any specific noise sources audible during the

surveys.

11.82 The noise environment around the Proposed Development is largely governed by local

road traffic during the daytime reference period and to a slightly lesser extent at some

NSRs during the night time reference period.

Table 11.16: Baseline Noise Survey Summary – Daytime

Measure-ment

Position

Date and Time

Duration

Measured Noise Level Qualitative Noise Monitoring Comments

LAeq dB

LA90 dB

LA10 dB

LAmax dB

M1 21/01/14

13:20 01:00:00 59.9 48.1 63.6 76.1

Vehicles along A1198 and A428. Occasional aircraft, no obvious

plant noise from retail outlets. Occasional clunks/thuds.

M2 21/01/14

10:58 01:00:00 69.5 55.6 73.7 80.1

Free flowing traffic along A428, windpseed <2m/s. Intermittent whining.



Measure-ment

Position

Date and Time

Duration

Measured Noise Level Qualitative Noise Monitoring Comments LAeq

dB LA90

dB LA10

dB LAmax

dB

M3 21/01/14

14:30 01:00:00 53.2 48.0 52.4 75.8

Distant road traffic noise audible. Approximately 5°C, windpseed <3.5m/s. No obvious plant noise, vehicle doors opening/closing in car park of industrial unit.

M4 20/01/14

15:17 01:00:00 40.9 36 44 64.2

Temperature approximately 4°C. Sunny, windspeed <2m/s. Low background noise, occasional reverse bleeper, intermittent whining, distant road traffic noise, accelerating vehicles, “whooshing”.

M5 20/01/14

16:37 01:00:00 55.1 47.0 58.3 66.1

Road traffic noise main source. Regular flow along A1198, occasional aircraft.

M6 21/01/14

12:12 01:00:00 66.1 46.9 70.9 91.6

Regular traffic along A1198, “whooshing” and exhaust noise. Slight breeze, generally <2m/s, up to <3m/s.

M7 21/01/14

15:35 01:00:00 57.4 53.8 59.5 71.3

Road traffic noise along A428 dominant,

continuous “whooshing”. No significant noise from industrial unit, occasional vehicle into compound.

M8 21/01/14

09:54 01:00:00 46.4 40.4 45.5 69.5

Occasional vehicle accessing Cambourne College. Distant road traffic noise, exhaust noise, accelerating. Occasional light breeze, generally < 2m/s. Children’s voices at college. Aircraft.



Table 11.17: Baseline Noise Survey Summary – Night Time

Measure-ment

Position

Date and Time

Duration

Measured Noise Level Qualitative Noise Monitoring Comments

LAeq dB

LA90 dB

LA10 dB

LAmax dB

M1 21/01/14

02:35 00:15:00 48.2 32.0 51.9 63.8

Road traffic noise approaching roundabout, along A1198 and along A428. Clunks from approaching HGVs. No noise from retail outlets.

M2 21/01/14

03:01 00:15:00 57.7 35.0 59.3 77.4

HGVs passing along A428, occasional clunks and bangs, tyre road surface noise. Occasional bird song, animal calls audible during lulls in traffic. Low level whine audible intermittently during lulls.

M3 21/01/14

01:50 00:15:00 41.8 31.2 45.9 53.3

Distant road traffic noise – “whooshing”. Vehicles accelerating. No plant noise from farm, storage depot.

M4 21/01/14

00:11 00:15:00 42.3 33.1 45.5 53.9

Distant road traffic noise, still, approximately 1°C. Sirens in distance.

M5 21/01/14

00:50 00:15:00 39.7 27.4 42.7 57.2

Distant road traffic noise, still, approximately 1°C.

Occasional vehicle along A1198.

M6 21/01/14

01:25 00:15:00 49.5 28.4 44.3 75.3

Road traffic noise from occasional passing vehicle. Distant road traffic noise “whooshing”. Still.

M7 21/01/14

02:11 00:15:00 45.8 31.6 48.6 63.9

Road traffic noise along A428 dominant. No plant noise from depot, clunks from passing vehicles including HGVs.

M8 21/01/14

03:21 00:15:00 47.8 32.4 52.9 59.9

Road traffic noise along A428 main noise source – “whooshing”. Occasional bird calls. No obvious noise from Cambourne Business Park.

11.83 The results of the baseline noise survey indicate elevated levels of road traffic noise at

measurement location M2, M5 and M6 which was mainly affected by vehicle movements



along the A428 and A1198 Ermine Street and A1198 into Cambourne during the daytime

and to a lesser extent in the night time period.

11.84 Location M1 was affected during the daytime by vehicle movements along the A1198

heading to and from the junction with the A428 roundabout and from vehicles using the

lay-by and access road heading towards Swansley Wood Farm. Location M7 was

influenced by road traffic noise along the A428 and occasional vehicles using the

storage facility opposite the monitoring location. Location M3 was affected by

occasional vehicles accessing Swansley Wood Farm yard and associated buildings.

11.85 Location M4 was predominantly influenced by distant road traffic noise from the

surrounding roads and during the daytime low level noise originating from the nearby

school/college.

11.86 Dominating noise sources at Location M8 during the daytime period included vehicles

accessing the school/college, noise from the adjacent business park and from road

traffic passing along the A428.

11.87 During the baseline noise survey an investigation was carried out to establish and

identify the origin of any significant noise sources within the study area. Qualitative

descriptors of the noise sources referred to in Table 11.16 and Table 11.17 as

‘clunks’, ‘bangs’, ‘intermittent whining’, ’reverse bleepers’ and ‘whooshing’ were not

considered to be at significant levels or duration in comparison with the road traffic and

were included to provide an insight to the ambient noise environment.

Likely Significant Effects

Effects of Construction Activities before Mitigation

11.88 Figure 6.1 - Phasing Plans were used to model the proposed Enabling Works and

subsequent construction Phase 1 to 7 of the Proposed Development. The potential for

sensitive receptors to be affected will depend on where within the Site the noisy activity

takes place, the nature of the activity and controls, and meteorological conditions.

11.89 The results of the construction noise calculations for each phase are presented in

Table 11.18 to Table 11.25 and as isopleth (contour) plots in Appendix 11.1,

Figure A1 to Figure A8. The tables show a comparison between the calculated level

and the construction noise limit for that receptor, which are listed in Table 11.5.



Table 11.18: Construction Assessment – Enabling Works

Construction Noise

Receptor

Floor and

Façade Direction

Predicted Facade Noise Level (dBA)

BS5228 Threshold

Level (dBA)

Difference (dBA)

Effect

CN1 GF (NW)

F1 61.4 61.4

65 -3.6 -3.6

Negligible Negligible

CN2 GF (NW)

F1 F2

60.7 61.0 61.4

65 -4.3 -4.0 -3.6

Negligible Negligible Negligible

CN3 GF (NW)

F1 61.5 61.8

65 -3.5 -3.2


CN4 GF (W)

F1 F2

63.4 63.8 64.1

65 -1.6 -1.2 -0.9


CN5 GF (SE)

F1 44.4 44.9

65 -20.6 -20.1


CN6 GF (N)

F1 57.9 57.9

65 -7.1 -7.1


CN7 GF (NW) GF (SE)

62.0 63.5

65 -3.0 -1.5


CN8

GF (E) F1 F2

GF (NE) F1 F2

GF(NW) F1 F2

GF(SW) F1 F2

60.9 61.0 61.5 62.3 62.3 62.7 60.0 60.1 60.4 58.8 59.0 59.2

65

-4.1 -4.0 -3.5 -2.7 -2.7 -2.3 -5.0 -4.9 -4.6 -6.2 -6.0 -5.8

Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible

CN9 GF F1 F2

68.0 68.0 68.4

65 +3.0 +3.0 +3.4

Minor Adverse Minor Adverse Minor Adverse

11.90 The results in Table 11.18 demonstrate that predicted enabling works construction

noise levels for the conservative assessment during the daytime are generally below the

proposed BS5228 threshold limits for all construction noise sensitive receptor locations.

Construction activities were predicted to have a Negligible to Minor Adverse effect at

the existing Medium sensitivity receptor locations.

11.91 Effects of construction noise around the Site will vary according to which phase is being

constructed at any time. There will also be a risk of effect on newly constructed and

occupied properties within the Site from the construction activities associated with later

phases. These newly formed receptors are shown on Figure 11.3 and classification was

based on the zoning shown in Figure 4.7 Parameters Plan. Sensitivity of these

receptors is shown in Table 11.14.



Table 11.19: Construction Assessment – Phase 1

Construction Noise

Receptor

Floor and

Façade Direction

Predicted Facade Noise Level (dBA)

BS5228 Threshold

Level (dBA)

Difference (dBA)

Effect

CN1 GF (NW)

F1 63.0 63.1

65 -2.0 -1.9


CN2 GF (NW)

F1 F2

61.7 62.1 62.6

65 -3.3 -2.9 -2.4


CN3 GF (NW)

F1 62.3 62.7

65 -2.7 -2.3


CN4 GF (W)

F1 F2

66.4 66.8 67.8

65 +1.4 +1.8 +2.8


CN5 GF (SE)

F1 59.6 59.9

65 -5.4 -5.1


CN6 GF (N)

F1 61.2 61.3

65 -3.8 -3.7


CN7 GF (NW) GF (SE)

60.5 61.2

65 -4.5 -3.8


CN8

GF (E) F1 F2

GF (NE) F1 F2

GF(NW) F1 F2

GF(SW) F1 F2

64.1 64.3 64.8 64.5 64.6 65.1 58.2 58.3 58.9 59.8 59.8 60.3

65

-0.9 -0.7 -0.2 -0.5 -0.4 +0.1 -6.8 -6.7 -6.1 -5.2 -5.2 -4.7

Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible

Minor Adverse Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible

CN9

GF

F1 F2

68.6

68.7 69.1

65

+3.6

+3.7 +4.1

Minor Adverse

Minor Adverse Minor Adverse

11.92 The results in Table 11.19 demonstrate that predicted Phase 1 construction noise

levels for the conservative assessment during the daytime are generally below the

proposed BS5228 threshold limits for most construction noise sensitive receptor

locations. Construction activities were predicted to have a Negligible to Minor Adverse

effect at the existing medium sensitivity receptor locations during Phase 1 construction.




Construction Noise

Receptor

Floor and

Façade Direction

Predicted Facade

Noise Level (dBA)

BS5228 Threshold

Level (dBA)

Difference (dBA)

Effect

CN1 GF (NW)

F1 61.9 62.0

65 -3.1 -3.0


CN2 GF (NW)

F1 F2

61.0 61.2 61.7

65 -4.0 -3.8 -3.3


CN3 GF (NW)

F1 59.3 59.6

65 -5.7 -5.4


CN4 GF (W)

F1 F2

58.0 58.2 58.9

65 -7.0 -6.8 -6.1


CN5 GF (SE)

F1 49.0 49.3

65 -16.0 -15.7


CN6 GF (N)

F1

55.9

55.9 65

-9.1

-9.1

Negligible

Negligible

CN7 GF (SE) GF (NW)

66.3 58.3

65 +1.3 -6.7

Minor Adverse Negligible

CN8

GF (E) F1 F2

GF (NE) F1 F2

GF(NW) F1 F2

GF(SW) F1 F2

66.0 66.3 66.8 65.6 65.9 66.4 56.3 56.4 56.9 60.4 60.6 61.0

65

+1.0 +1.3 +1.8 +0.6 +0.9 +1.4 -8.7 -8.6 -8.1 -4.6 -4.4 -4.0

Minor Adverse Minor Adverse Minor Adverse Minor Adverse Minor Adverse Minor Adverse

Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible

CN9 GF F1 F2

61.4 61.9 62.7

65 -3.6 -3.1 -2.3


Residential A2 (c)

F1 (NE) F2

F1 (NW F2

F1 (SW) F2

65.8 65.8 70.1 70.2 67.0 67.0

65

+0.8 +0.8 +5.1 +5.2 +2.0 +2.0


Moderate Adverse Moderate Adverse


Residential C (a)

GF (NW) F1

GF (NE) F1

GF (NW) F1

64.7 65.1 66.8 66.9 64.3 64.4

65

-0.3 +0.1 +1.8 +1.9 -0.7 -0.6

Negligible Minor Adverse Minor Adverse Minor Adverse


Proposed Secondary

School

GF (W) F1 F2

60.8 61.0 61.6

65 -4.2 -4.0 -3.4


Zone (iii) GF (NE)

F1 F2

56.5 58.1 59.3

65 -8.5 -6.9 -5.7





locations. Construction activities were predicted to have a Negligible to Moderate



Adverse effect at the medium sensitivity existing and newly constructed Phase 1

receptor locations during Phase 2 construction.


Construction Noise

Receptor

Floor and

Façade Direction

Predicted Facade

Noise Level (dBA)

BS5228 Threshold

Level (dBA)

Difference (dBA)

Effect

CN1 GF (NW)

F1 62.5 62.7

65 -2.5 -2.3


CN2 GF (NW)

F1 F2

64.5 64.7 65.1

65 -0.5 -0.3 +0.1


Minor Adverse

CN3 GF (NW)

F1 62.4 62.9

65 -2.6 -2.1


CN4

GF (W)

F1 F2

57.9

58.5 59.4

65

-7.1

-6.5 -5.6

Negligible


CN5 GF (SE)

F1 46.5 47.1

65 -18.5 -17.9


CN6 GF (N)

F1 55.4 55.4

65 -9.6 -9.6


CN7 GF (SE) GF (NW)

71.5 63.8

65 +6.5 -1.2

Moderate Adverse Negligible

CN8

GF (E) F1 F2

GF (NE) F1 F2

GF(NW) F1 F2

GF(SW) F1 F2

57.0 57.1 57.4 65.4 65.6 66.0 68.0 68.2 68.6 70.3 70.5 70.9

65

-8.0 -7.9 -7.6 +0.4 +0.6 +1.0 +3.0 +3.2 +3.6 +5.3 +5.5 +5.9


Minor Adverse Minor Adverse Minor Adverse Minor Adverse Minor Adverse Minor Adverse

Moderate Adverse Moderate Adverse Moderate Adverse

CN9 GF F1 F2

59.5 60.1 61.2

65 -5.5 -4.9 -3.8


Residential A1 (a)

GF (N) F1

68.4 68.5

65 +3.4 +3.5


Residential A1 (b)

GF (W) F1 F2

GF (S) F1 F2

67.3 67.8 68.4 72.0 72.2 72.5

65

+2.3 +2.8 +3.4 +7.0 +7.2 +7.5



Residential A2 (b)

F1 (N) F2

63.0 63.3

65 -2.0 -1.7


Residential A2 (c)

F1 (NE) F2

43.8 43.9

65 -21.2 -21.1


Residential A2 (d)

GF (NW) F1 F2

70.4 70.6 71.0

65 +5.4 +5.6 +6.0


Residential C (a) GF (NW)

F1 55.6 56.4

65 -9.4 -8.6


Residential C (b)

GF (NE) F1

66.5 67.0

65 +1.5 +2.0




Construction Noise

Receptor

Floor and

Façade Direction

Predicted Facade

Noise Level (dBA)

BS5228 Threshold

Level (dBA)

Difference (dBA)

Effect

Residential C (c)

GF (W) F1 F2

GF (N) F1 F2

60.7 61.2 61.8 66.6 66.9 67.4

65

-4.3 -3.8 -3.2 +1.6 +1.9 +2.4



Proposed Secondary

School

GF (E) F1 F2

GF (N) F1 F2

61.8 61.9 62.2 70.2 70.3 70.7

65

-3.2 -3.1 -2.8 +5.2 +5.3 +5.7



Proposed

Primary 2.2Ha

GF (NW) F1

F2 F1 (SW)

F2

63.0 63.2

63.7 70.9 71.1

65

-2.0 -1.8

-1.3 +5.9 +6.1


Negligible Moderate Adverse Moderate Adverse

Zone (iii) GF (NE)

F1 F2

53.5 54.9 56.3

65 -11.5 -10.1 -8.7






Adverse effect at the existing and newly constructed Phase 1 and 2 medium sensitivity

receptor locations during Phase 3 of construction.


Construction Noise

Receptor

Floor and

Façade Direction

Predicted Facade

Noise Level (dBA)

BS5228 Threshold

Level (dBA)

Difference (dBA)

Effect

CN1 GF (NW)

F1 56.7 56.9

65 -8.3 -8.1


CN2 GF (NW)

F1 F2

63.0 63.1 63.5

65 -2.0 -1.9 -1.5


CN3 GF (NW)

F1 64.6 65.0

65 -0.4 +0.0


CN4 GF (W)

F1

F2

70.1 70.2

70.6

65 +5.1 +5.2

+5.6


Moderate Adverse

CN5 GF (SE)

F1 43.7 45.3

65 -21.3 -19.7


CN6 GF (N)

F1 55.0 55.2

65 -10.0 -9.8


CN7 GF (SE) GF (NW)

58.1 63.2

65 -6.9 -1.8


CN8 GF (SW)

F1 F2

57.9 58.3 58.8

65 -7.1 -6.7 -6.2




Construction

Noise Receptor

Floor and

Façade Direction

Predicted Facade

Noise Level (dBA)

BS5228 Threshold

Level (dBA)

Difference (dBA)

Effect

GF (E) F1 F2

GF(NE) F1 F2

GF(NW) F1 F2

56.8 56.9 57.3 50.1 50.6 51.4 55.9 56.5 57.3

-8.2 -8.1 -7.7 -14.9 -14.4 -13.6 -9.1 -8.5 -7.7

Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible

CN9 GF (NW)

F1 F2

54.3 54.6 55.3

65 -10.7 -10.4 -9.7


Residential A1 (a)

GF (N) F1

GF (NE)

F1

54.5 54.7 37.4

37.5

65

-10.5 -10.3 -27.6

-27.5


Negligible

Residential A1 (b)

GF (W) F1 F2

GF (S) F1 F2

GF (NE) F1 F2

57.4 57.9 58.6 51.1 52.8 54.7 36.2 36.3 36.3

65

-7.6 -7.1 -6.4 -13.9 -12.2 -10.3 -28.8 -28.7 -28.7


Residential A2 (a)

F1 (SW) F2

55.1 55.8

65 -9.9 -9.2


Residential A2 (b)

F1 (N) F2

51.9 52.3

65 -13.1 -12.7


Residential A2 (c)

F1 (NE) F2

36.0 36.0

65 -29.0 -29.0


Residential A2

(d)

GF (SW) F1 F2

56.4 56.9 58.0

65 -8.6 -8.1 -7.0


Residential B (a)

F1 (E) 48.1 65 -16.9 Negligible

Residential C (a)

GF (S) F1

GF (NW) F1

F1 (E)

44.3 44.4 55.9 56.6 71.5

65

-20.7 -20.6 -9.1 -8.4 +6.5

Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible

Moderate Adverse

Residential C (b)

GF (NE) F1

63.2 63.5

65 -1.8 -1.5


Residential C (c)

GF (N) F1 F2

GF (W) F1 F2

60.7 61.0 61.7 51.4 53.1 54.9

65

-4.3 -4.0 -3.3 -13.6 -11.9 -10.1


Residential D (a)

GF (SW) F1

44.3 44.4

65 -20.7 -20.6


Residential D (b)

GF (SE) F1 F2

GF (NW) F1 F2

57.1 58.0 58.8 66.9 67.0 67.4

65

-7.9 -7.0 -6.2 +1.9 +2.0 +2.4



Proposed Secondary

GF (E) F1

61.2 61.3

65 -3.8 -3.7




Construction

Noise Receptor

Floor and

Façade Direction

Predicted Facade

Noise Level (dBA)

BS5228 Threshold

Level (dBA)

Difference (dBA)

Effect

School F2 GF (SW)

F1 F2

61.6 72.3 72.4 72.6

-3.4 +7.3 +7.4 +7.6

Negligible Moderate Adverse Moderate Adverse Moderate Adverse

Proposed Primary 2.2Ha

GF (NW) F1 F2

57.3 57.4 58.1

65 -7.7 -7.6 -6.9



GF (NE) F1 F2

GF (S) F1 F2

60.7 60.9 61.4 57.4 57.7 58.2

65

-4.3 -4.1 -3.6 -7.6 -7.3 -6.8


Zone (iii) GF (NE)

F1

F2

48.8 50.0

50.7

65 -16.2 -15.0

-14.3


Negligible





Adverse effect at the existing and newly constructed Phase 1, 2 and 3 medium

sensitivity receptor locations during Phase 4 of construction.


Construction

Noise Receptor

Floor

and Façade

Direction

Predicted

Facade Noise Level

(dBA)

BS5228

Threshold Level (dBA)

Difference (dBA)

Effect

CN1 GF (NW)

F1 63.1 63.2

65 -1.9 -1.8


CN2 GF (NW)

F1 F2

68.8 68.8 69.2

65 +3.8 +3.8 +4.2


CN3 GF (NW)

F1 68.4 68.8

65 +3.4 +3.8


CN4 GF (W)

F1 F2

67.6 67.9 68.3

65 +2.6 +2.9 +3.3


CN5 GF (SE)

F1 63.3 64.1

65 -1.7 -0.9


CN6 GF (N)

F1 57.8 57.8

65 -7.2 -7.2


CN7 GF (NW) GF (SE)

66.2 67.3

65 +1.2 +2.3




Construction Noise

Receptor

Floor and

Façade Direction

Predicted Facade

Noise Level (dBA)

BS5228 Threshold

Level (dBA)

Difference (dBA)

Effect

CN8

GF (SW) F1 F2

GF (E) F1 F2

GF(NE) F1 F2

GF(NW) F1 F2

65.4 65.5 65.9 61.3 61.5 61.9 54.0 55.4 56.8 58.9 59.4 60.0

65

+0.4 +0.5 +0.9 -3.7 -3.5 -3.1 -11.0 -9.6 -8.2 -6.1 -5.6 -5.0



CN9 GF (NW)

F1

F2

58.1 58.3

58.9

65 -6.9 -6.7

-6.1


Negligible

Residential A1 (a)

GF (NE) F1

GF (N) F1

38.2 38.2 48.4 48.7

65

-26.8 -26.8 -16.6 -16.3


Residential A1 (b)

GF (S) F1 F2

GF (W) F1 F2

GF (NE) F1 F2

55.6 56.7 58.2 58.4 59.3 60.1 38.0 38.1 38.1

65

-9.4 -8.3 -6.8 -6.6 -5.7 -4.9 -27.0 -26.9 -26.9


Residential A2 (a)

F1 (SW) F2

59.2 60.0

65 -5.8 -5.0


Residential A2 (b)

F1 (N) F2

51.8 54.2

65 -13.2 -10.8


Residential A2 (c)

F1 (NE) F2

37.9 37.9

65 -27.1 -27.1


Residential A2 (d)

GF (SW) F1 F2

62.7 63.3 64.2

65 -2.3 -1.7 -0.8


Residential B (a)

F1 (E) 53.2 65 -11.8 Negligible

Residential B (b)

GF (SE) F1

55.0 57.0

65 -10.0 -8.0


Residential C (a)

GF (NW) F1

GF (S) F1

F1 (E)

41.2 42.9 60.3 60.9 64.0

65

-23.8 -22.1 -3.7 -3.1 -1.0


Residential C (b)

GF (NE) F1

65.6 66.1

65 +0.6 +1.1


Residential C (c)

GF (W) F1 F2

GF (N) F1 F2

49.5 50.0 50.5 65.6 66.0 66.5

65

-15.5 -15.0 -14.5 +0.6 +1.0 +1.5



Residential D (a)

GF (SW) F1

41.7 41.8

65 -23.3 -23.2




Construction Noise

Receptor

Floor and

Façade Direction

Predicted Facade

Noise Level (dBA)

BS5228 Threshold

Level (dBA)

Difference (dBA)

Effect

Residential D (b)

GF (SE) F1 F2

GF (NW) F1 F2

61.9 62.5 63.0 61.8 62.0 62.6

65

-3.1 -2.5 -2.0 -3.2 -3.0 -2.4


Residential G (a)

GF (W) F1

40.2 40.3

65 -24.8 -24.7


Residential G (b)

GF (NE) F1 F2

GF (SE) F1 F2

61.6 61.7 62.2 63.1 63.5 64.1

65

-3.4 -3.3 -2.8 -1.9 -1.5 -0.9


Proposed Secondary

School

GF (E) F1 F2

GF (SW) F1 F2

71.7 71.8 72.1 61.6 61.9 62.3

65

+6.7 +6.8 +7.1 -3.4 -3.1 -2.7




GF (NW) F1 F2

58.4 58.5 59.0

65 -6.6 -6.5 -6.0



GF (S) F1 F2

62.9 63.4 63.8

65 -2.1 -1.6 -1.2


Zone (iii) GF (NE)

F1 F2

52.2 53.4 54.9

65 -12.8 -11.6 -10.1



levels for the conservative assessment during the daytime are generall y below the



Adverse effect at the existing and newly constructed Phase 1, 2, 3 and 4 medium



Construction Noise

Receptor

Floor and

Façade Direction

Predicted Facade

Noise Level (dBA)

BS5228 Threshold

Level (dBA)

Difference (dBA)

Effect

CN1 GF (NW)

F1 57.9 58.2

65 -7.1 -6.8


CN2 GF (NW)

F1 F2

60.8 61.0 61.5

65 -4.2 -4.0 -3.5


CN3 GF (NW)

F1 61.8 62.2

65 -3.2 -2.8


CN4 GF (W)

F1 F2

55.0 55.4 56.1

65 -10.0 -9.6 -8.9




Construction

Noise Receptor

Floor and

Façade Direction

Predicted Facade

Noise Level (dBA)

BS5228 Threshold

Level (dBA)

Difference (dBA)

Effect

CN5 GF (SE)

F1 42.5 44.1

65 -22.5 -20.9


CN6 GF (N)

F1 50.4 50.4

65 -14.6 -14.6


CN7 GF (NW) GF (SE)

66.4 52.2

65 +1.4 -12.8

Minor Adverse Negligible

CN8

GF (E) F1 F2

GF (SW) F1 F2

GF(NW) F1 F2

GF(NE) F1 F2

54.3 54.5 54.9 55.2 55.4 55.8 58.6 60.0 61.1

59.0 60.0 60.7

65

-10.7 -10.5 -10.1 -9.8 -9.6 -9.2 -6.4 -5.0 -3.9

-6.0 -5.0 -4.3



CN9 GF (NW)

F1 F2

55.1 55.9 56.7

65 -9.9 -9.1 -8.3


Residential A1 (a)

GF (N) F1

GF (NE) F1

66.6 66.9 44.3 44.4

65

+1.6 +1.9 -20.7 -20.6



Residential A1 (b)

GF (NE) F1 F2

GF (W) F1 F2

GF (S) F1 F2

40.6 40.6 40.7 68.8 69.2 69.6 51.0 53.2 55.0

65

-24.4 -24.4 -24.3 +3.8 +4.2 +4.6 -14.0 -11.8 -10.0




Residential A2 (a)

F1 (SW) F2

51.3 52.0

65 -13.7 -13.0


Residential A2 (b)

F1 (N) F2

53.5 53.1

65 -11.5 -11.9


Residential A2 (c)

F1 (NE) F2

40.5 40.5

65 -24.5 -24.5


Residential A2 (d)

GF (SW) F1 F2

53.8 54.2 54.8

65 -11.2 -10.8 -10.2


Residential B (a)

F1 (E) 43.6 65 -21.4 Negligible

Residential B (b)

GF (SE) F1

55.1 55.5

65 -9.9 -9.5


Residential B (e)

GF (NW) F1 F2

GF (NE) F1 F2

GF (SW) F1 F2

61.9 62.4 63.1 61.5 62.0 62.6 56.3 57.2 53.0

65

-3.1 -2.6 -1.9 -3.5 -3.0 -2.4 -8.7 -7.8 -12.0




Construction Noise

Receptor

Floor and

Façade Direction

Predicted Facade

Noise Level (dBA)

BS5228 Threshold

Level (dBA)

Difference (dBA)

Effect

Residential C (a)

GF (NW) F1

GF (S) F1

F1 (E)

45.1 47.0 37.0 37.1 49.1

65

-19.9 -18.0 -28.0 -27.9 -15.9


Residential C (b)

GF (NE) F1

55.2 54.6

65 -9.8 -10.4


Residential C (c)

GF (N) F1 F2

GF (W) F1 F2

52.9 54.8 56.8 48.2 49.9 51.7

65

-12.1 -10.2 -8.2 -16.8 -15.1 -13.3


Residential D

(a)

GF (SW)

F1

39.9

39.9 65

-25.1

-25.1

Negligible

Negligible

Residential D (b)

GF (SE) F1 F2

GF (NW) F1 F2

53.2 54.4 55.5 55.5 56.3 57.3

65

-11.8 -10.6 -9.5 -9.5 -8.7 -7.7


Residential E (a)

GF (W) F1

42.8 42.9

65 -22.2 -22.1


Residential E (b)

GF (SE) F1 F2

57.0 57.8 58.5

65 -8.0 -7.2 -6.5


Residential G (a)

GF (W) F1

42.8 42.9

65 -22.2 -22.1


Residential G (b)

GF (NE) F1 F2

GF (SE) F1 F2

67.6 67.8 68.1 58.1 58.9 59.5

65

+2.6 +2.8 +3.1 -6.9 -6.1 -5.5



Proposed Secondary

School

GF (E) F1 F2

GF (SW) F1 F2

63.4 63.5 63.8 39.7 39.7 39.7

65

-1.6 -1.5 -1.2 -25.3 -25.3 -25.3



GF (NW) F1 F2

67.0 67.3 67.8

65 +2.0 +2.3 +2.8



GF (S) F1 F2

54.7 55.3 55.8

65 -10.3 -9.7 -9.2


Zone (iii) GF (NE)

F1 F2

40.8 41.9 43.5

65 -24.2 -23.1 -21.5





locations. Construction activities were predicted to have a Negligible to Minor Adverse



effect at the existing and newly constructed Phase 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 medium sensitivity

receptor locations during Phase 6 of construction.


Construction Noise

Receptor

Floor and

Façade Direction

Predicted Facade

Noise Level (dBA)

BS5228 Threshold

Level (dBA)

Difference (dBA)

Effect

CN1 GF (NW)

F1 63.0 63.1

65 -2.0 -1.9


CN2 GF (NW)

F1 F2

68.8 68.9 69.3

65 +3.8 +3.9 +4.3


CN3 GF (NW)

F1 66.4 66.6

65 +1.4 +1.6


CN4 GF (W)

F1 F2

58.0 58.3 59.0

65 -7.0 -6.7 -6.0


CN5 GF (SE)

F1 50.9 52.0

65 -14.4 -13.0


CN6 GF (N)

F1 50.9 51.2

65 -14.1 -13.8


CN7 GF (NW) GF (SE)

53.5 52.8

65 -11.5 -12.2


CN8

GF (E) F1 F2

GF (NE) F1 F2

GF(SW) F1 F2

GF(NW) F1 F2

61.4 61.6 62.0 51.7 53.3 55.0 64.7 64.8 65.2

50.8 51.2 51.8

65

-3.6 -3.4 -3.0 -13.3 -11.7 -10.0 -0.3 -0.2 +0.2

-14.2 -13.8 -13.2

Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible

Minor Adverse


CN9 GF (NW)

F1 F2

55.9 56.3 56.9

65 -9.1 -8.7 -8.1


Residential A1 (a)

GF (NE) F1

GF (N) F1

36.3 36.3 50.2 50.2

65

-28.7 -28.7 -14.8 -14.8


Residential A1 (b)

GF (NE) F1 F2

GF (W) F1 F2

GF (S) F1

F2

35.3 35.3 35.3 53.3 54.8 56.2 46.3 49.1

52.3

65

-29.7 -29.7 -29.7 -11.7 -10.2 -8.8 -18.7 -15.9

-12.8

Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible

Negligible

Residential A2 (a)

F1 (SW) F2

54.2 55.9

65 -10.8 -9.1


Residential A2 (b)

F1 (N) F2

50.0 52.2

65 -15.0 -12.8


Residential A2 (c)

F1 (NE) F2

35.3 35.4

65 -29.7 -29.6




Construction Noise

Receptor

Floor and

Façade Direction

Predicted Facade

Noise Level (dBA)

BS5228 Threshold

Level (dBA)

Difference (dBA)

Effect

Residential A2 (d)

GF (SW) F1 F2

62.2 62.8 63.7

65 -2.8 -2.2 -1.3


Residential B (a)

F1 (E) 53.5 65 -11.5 Negligible

Residential B (b)

GF (SE) F1

46.2 48.2

65 -18.8 -16.8


Residential B (e)

GF (NW) F1 F2

GF (NE) F1 F2

GF (SW)

F1 F2

48.9 50.5 52.5 48.9 50.3 51.4 51.0

51.7 52.3

65

-16.1 -14.5 -12.5 -16.1 -14.7 -13.6 -14.0

-13.3 -12.7

Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible


Residential C (a)

GF (E) F1

GF (NW) F1

F1 (S)

47.5 41.4 44.4 36.5 36.5

65

-17.5 -23.6 -20.6 -28.5 -28.5


Residential C (b)

GF (NE) F1

50.7 52.0

65 -14.3 -13.0


Residential C (c)

GF (W) F1 F2

GF (N) F1 F2

50.2 52.0 53.5 49.9 51.5 53.1

65

-14.8 -13.0 -11.5 -15.1 -13.5 -11.9


Residential D (a)

GF (SW) F1

38.8 38.9

65 -26.2 -26.1


Residential D (b)

GF (NW) F1 F2

GF (SE) F1 F2

57.5 57.8 58.4 45.4 46.2 46.9

65

-7.5 -7.2 -6.6 -19.6 -18.8 -18.1


Residential E (a)

GF (NW) F1

GF (NE) F1

66.8 67.0 53.5 54.5

65

+1.8 +2.0 -11.5 -10.5



Residential E (b)

GF (SE) F1 F2

50.4 51.8 53.1

65 -14.6 -13.2 -11.9


Residential F (a)

GF (N) F1 F2

45.5 46.0 46.1

65 -19.5 -19.0 -18.9


Residential G (a)

GF (W) F1

40.4 40.4

65 -24.6 -24.6


Residential G (b)

GF (NE) F1 F2

GF (SE) F1 F2

67.0 67.2 67.7 59.3 59.4 59.8

65

+2.0 +2.2 +2.7 -5.7 -5.6 -5.2





Construction Noise

Receptor

Floor and

Façade Direction

Predicted Facade

Noise Level (dBA)

BS5228 Threshold

Level (dBA)

Difference (dBA)

Effect

Residential H

GF (E) F1 F2

GF (S) F1 F2

GF (SE) F1 F2

53.4 53.9 54.4 54.6 55.0 55.6 52.4 53.0 53.5

65

-11.6 -11.1 -10.6 -10.4 -10.0 -9.4 -12.6 -12.0 -11.5


Proposed Secondary

School

GF (SW) F1 F2

GF (E) F1

F2

43.0 43.0 43.0 70.7 70.8

71.1

65

-22.0 -22.0 -22.0 +5.7 +5.8

+6.1



Moderate Adverse


GF (NW) F1 F2

55.4 55.9 56.5

65 -9.6 -9.1 -8.5



GF (S) F1 F2

49.9 51.2 52.6

65 -15.1 -13.8 -12.4


Zone (iii) GF (NE)

F1 F2

49.2 50.7 52.6

65 -15.8 -14.3 -12.4






Adverse effect at the existing and newly constructed Phase 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 medium


11.99 The approach assumed that all construction equipment would be operating close to the

Site boundary, which would not necessarily occur at all times, and this was the refore a

conservative (worst-case) assessment. However, the adoption of general good practice

construction noise management measures, typically Referred to as Best Practical Means

(BPM), is recommended and is discussed in the mitigation measures section of this

chapter.

Effects of Road Traffic before Mitigation

11.100 Noise level increases due to increases in traffic volume and composition on surrounding

local roads were calculated in accordance with the methodology contained in Calculation

of Road Traffic Noise (CRTN). The significance of any predicted change in noise level



was then assessed in accordance with the criteria contained in the Design Manual for

Roads and Bridges (DMRB).

11.101 The predicted increase in LA10,18h noise level at receptors was calculated using the CRTN

method. Table 11.26 shows the predicted road traffic noise levels from the baseline

and with-development and the relative increase in road traffic noise level . Noise

isopleth (contour plots) are shown in Appendix 11.1, Figure A9 and Figure A10.

Table 11.26: Road Traffic Assessment

Traffic Noise

Receptor

Floor and

Façade

Direction

Baseline Façade Noise Level

(L10,18h dBA)

Predicted Development Facade Noise

Level (L10,18h dBA)

Difference (dBA)

Effect

CN1 GF (NW)

F1 51.5 53.3

47.6 48.6

-3.9 -4.7


CN2 GF (NW)

F1 F2

50.1 51.5 52.3

46.7 47.5 48.2

-3.4 -4.0 -4.1


CN3 GF (NW)

F1 50.4 51.5

47.5 48.2

-2.9 -3.3


CN4 GF (W)

F1 F2

51.5 52.4 53.2

50.8 51.7 52.5

-0.7 -0.7 -0.7


CN5 GF (SE)

F1 61.7 63.5

62.1 63.9

+0.4 +0.4

Negligible Adverse Negligible Adverse

CN6 GF (N)

F1 49.8 49.9

49.1 50.1

-0.7 +0.2

Negligible Negligible Adverse

CN7 GF (NW) GF (SE)

53.4 50.7

47.0 55.3

-6.4 +4.6

No change Minor Adverse

CN8

GF (E) F1 F2

GF (NE) F1 F2

GF(NW) F1 F2

GF(SW) F1 F2

51.2 52.8 53.6 55.1 56.4 57.2 52.7 53.8 54.5 44.1 45.3 46.3

44.6 45.8 47.1 48.0 49.3 50.2 48.3 49.1 49.9 42.9 43.8 44.7

-6.6 -7.0 -6.5 -7.1 -7.1 -7.0 -4.4 -4.7 -4.6 -1.2 -1.5 -1.6

Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible

CN9 GF F1 F2

56.1 58.0 58.9

48.9 49.8 50.7

-7.2 -8.2 -8.2


11.102 The results of the assessment show that a maximum increase of +4.6dB due to the

Proposed Development is predicted at existing nearby medium sensitivity receptor CN7,

which is a Minor Adverse effect, according to the criteria defined in Table 11.8. A

Negligible Adverse effect is predicted for receptors CN5 and CN6, and for all other

assessed receptor locations there is a predicted Negligible effect.



11.103 The overall finding is that the existing receptors around the Site are generally

unaffected by noise from road traffic, with a Minor Adverse effect predicted at receptor

CN7 Swansley Wood Farm arising from the proximity to the proposed spine road

through the development. Due to the minor significance of the effect and the relatively

small geographical extent, it is not deemed that specific mitigation is required in order

to reduce the effect.


Site Suitability for Residential Development

11.104 In addition to considering the effect of the Proposed Development on existing sensitive

receptor locations, an assessment was also undertaken to predic t noise effect at those

proposed residential dwellings within the Site which will be occupied in 2028.

11.105 BS8233:2014 demonstrates that the use of standard thermal glazing in residential units

will reduce road traffic noise by 33dB Rw from an external free field noise level. A

compressible airtight seal can also be fitted to the closing surfaces. Where suitable

sound attenuating trickle vents are also incorporated into the thermal glazing units, a

33dB reduction of road traffic noise should be achieved.

11.106 The noise level for each residential development phase was predicted using SoundPLAN

based on the parameter plans. The noise level for each receiver floor and façade

direction (where indicated) was calculated and is shown in Table 11.27 to Table

11.34. Noise contour plots for the completed development are provided in Appendix

11.1 Figure A11 to A12; and in Figure A17 for the baseline year 2028 without

development. For some phases there are duplicated façade directions included

representing a closer proximity of the proposed building to a noise source i.e. a road.

11.107 The predicted external noise level was calculated as an internal noise level using

guidance in BS8233 and specified in paragraph 11.105 above for typical sound reduction

of building elements. The internal noise level was compared with the BS8233 guidance

noise level of 35dB LAeq,16hr for resting in Living Rooms during the daytime period, and

the BS8233 guidance noise level of 30dB LAeq,8hr for the night time period.



Table 11.27: Site Suitability for Residential Development Assessment – Zone A1

Zone and Direction

of Façade

Floor

Predicted Develop-

ment Façade Noise Level

(LAeq,16h dBA)

Predicted Develop-


(LAeq,8h dBA)

Predicted Internal Daytime

Noise Level (dBA)

Predic-ted

Internal Night time

Noise Level (dBA)

BS8233 Daytime Criteria

Met (35dB

LAeq,16h)

BS8233 Night time

Criteria Met

(30dB LAeq,8h)

A1(a) N GF F1

60.3 61.6

52.5 53.8

24.3 25.6

16.5 17.8

Yes Yes

Yes Yes

A1(a) NE GF F1

65.3 67.1

57.3 58.9

29.3 22.9

21.3 22.9

Yes Yes

Yes Yes

A1(b) W GF F1 F2

55.6 56.3 56.9

48.1 48.8 49.3

<20 20.3 20.9

<20 <20 <20

Yes Yes Yes

Yes Yes Yes

A1(b) NE GF F1 F2

65.3 66.9 67.7

57.3 58.8 59.5

29.3 30.9 31.7

21.3 22.8 23.5

Yes Yes Yes

Yes Yes Yes

A1(b) S GF F1 F2

64.6 64.6 64.5

56.7 56.6 56.5

28.6 28.6 28.5

20.7 20.6 20.6

Yes Yes Yes

Yes Yes Yes

11.108 Table 11.27 shows the Zone A1 predicted internal noise levels. The BS8233 daytime

internal noise level criterion is met for all facades and receiver floors using the sound

insulation value of 33dB Rw detailed above. The predicted night time internal noise

levels meet the BS8233 night time internal noise level criteria of 30dB L Aeq in bedrooms

at some of the receiver floors and facades.

Table 11.28: Site Suitability for Residential Development Assessment- Zone A2

Zone and Direction

of Façade

Floor

Predicted Develop-


(LAeq,16h dBA)

Predicted Develop-


(LAeq,8h dBA)


Noise Level (dBA)

Predic-ted

Internal Night time

Noise Level (dBA)


Met (35dB

LAeq,16h)

BS8233 Night time

Criteria Met

(30dB LAeq,8h)

A2(a) SW F1 F2

41.8 43.2

35.1 36.4

<20 <20

<20 <20

Yes Yes

Yes Yes

A2(b) N F1 F2

46.1 48.0

39.2 40.9

<20 <20

<20 <20

Yes Yes

Yes Yes

A2 (c) NE F1 F2

67.7 68.4

59.6 60.2

31.7 32.4

23.6 24.2

Yes Yes

Yes Yes

A2 (d) SW GF F1

F2

41.5 42.4

43.5

42.8 43.8

44.9

<20 <20

<20

<20 <20

<20

Yes Yes

Yes

Yes Yes

Yes

11.109 Table 11.28 shows the Zone A2 predicted internal noise levels. The BS8233 daytime


insulation value of 33dB Rw. The predicted night time internal noise levels meet the



BS8233 night time internal noise level criteria of 30dB LAeq in bedrooms at some of the

receiver floors and facades in the direction of the A428.

Table 11.29: Site Suitability for Residential Development Assessment- Zone B

Zone and Direction

of Façade

Floor

Predicted Develop-


(LAeq,16h dBA)

Predicted Develop-


(LAeq,8h dBA)


Noise Level (dBA)

Predic-ted

Internal Night time

Noise Level (dBA)


Met (35dB

LAeq,16h)

BS8233 Night time

Criteria Met

(30dB LAeq,8h)

B(a) E F1 44.7 37.8 <20 <20 Yes Yes

B(b) SE GF F1

41.8 43.1

35.0 36.3

<20 <20

<20 <20

Yes Yes

Yes Yes

B(e) SW GF F1 F2

49.6 50.1 50.6

42.5 43.0 43.4

<20 <20 <20

<20 <20 <20

Yes Yes Yes

Yes Yes Yes

B(e) NE GF F1 F2

50.9 51.6 52.1

43.7 44.3 44.8

<20 <20 <20

<20 <20 <20

Yes Yes Yes

Yes Yes Yes

B (e) NW GF F1 F2

65.9 66.4 66.3

57.9 58.3 58.2

29.9 30.4 30.3

21.9 22.3 22.2

Yes Yes Yes

Yes Yes Yes

11.110 Table 11.29 presents the Zone B predicted internal noise levels. The BS8233 daytime

internal noise level criterion is met for all facades and receiver floors using the

conservative sound insulation value of 33dB Rw. The predicted night time internal noise

levels meet the BS8233 night time internal noise level criteria of 30dB L Aeq in bedrooms

at all of the receiver floors of the assessed façades.

Table 11.30: Site Suitability for Residential Development Assessment- Zone C

Zone and Direction

of Façade

Floor

Predicted Develop-


(LAeq,16h dBA)

Predicted Develop-


(LAeq,8h dBA)


Noise Level (dBA)

Predicted Internal

Night time Noise Level (dBA)


Met (35dB

LAeq,16h)

BS8233 Night time

Criteria Met

(30dB LAeq,8h)

C(a) S GF F1

53.7 55.0

46.3 47.6

<20 <20

<20 <20

Yes Yes

Yes Yes

C(a) NW GF F1

58.3 59.0

50.6 51.3

22.3 23.0

<20 <20

Yes Yes

Yes Yes

C(a) E F1 46.9 39.9 <20 <20 Yes Yes

C(b) NE GF F1

45.3 46.1

38.4 39.2

<20 <20

<20 <20

Yes Yes

Yes Yes

C(c) W GF F1 F2

62.5 62.7 62.9

54.6 54.9 55.0

26.5 26.7 26.9

<20 <20 <20

Yes Yes Yes

Yes Yes Yes

C(c) N GF F1 F2

48.6 49.2 49.7

41.5 42.1 42.6

<20 <20 <20

<20 <20 <20

Yes Yes Yes

Yes Yes Yes



11.111 Table 11.30 shows the Zone C predicted internal noise levels. The BS8233 daytime



BS8233 night time internal noise level criteria of 30dB L Aeq in bedrooms at the receiver

floors at all assessed façades.

Table 11.31: Site Suitability for Residential Development Assessment- Zone D

Zone and Direction

of Façade

Floor

Predicted Develop-


(LAeq,16h

dBA)

Predicted Develop-


(LAeq,8h

dBA)


Noise Level (dBA)

Predicted Internal



Met (35dB

LAeq,16h)

BS8233 Night time

Criteria Met

(30dB LAeq,8h)

D(a) SW GF F1

58.4 59.2

50.7 51.5

22.3 23.2

<20 <20

Yes Yes

Yes Yes

D(b) NW GF F1 F2

45.4 46.5 47.5

38.5 39.5 40.4

<20 <20 <20

<20 <20 <20

Yes Yes Yes

Yes Yes Yes

D(b) SE GF F1 F2

64.3 64.4 64.3

56.3 56.4 56.3

28.3 28.4 28.3

20.3 20.4 20.3

Yes Yes Yes

Yes Yes Yes

11.112 Table 11.31 presents the Zone D predicted internal noise levels. The BS8233 daytime

internal noise level criterion is met for al l facades and receiver floors using the sound



floors at the assessed façades.

Table 11.32: Site Suitability for Residential Development Assessment- Zone E

Zone and Direction

of Façade

Floor

Predicted Develop-


(LAeq,16h dBA)

Predicted Develop-


(LAeq,8h dBA)


Noise Level (dBA)

Predicted Internal



Met (35dB

LAeq,16h)

BS8233 Night time

Criteria Met

(30dB LAeq,8h)

E(a) NE GF F1

46.3 47.5

39.3 40.5

<20 <20

<20 <20

Yes Yes

Yes Yes

E(a) NW GF F1

46.1 47.5

39.2 40.4

<20 <20

<20 <20

Yes Yes

Yes Yes

E(b) SE GF F1 F2

54.9 55.3 55.7

47.4 47.9 48.2

<20 <20 <20

<20 <20 <20

Yes Yes Yes

Yes Yes Yes

11.113 Table 11.32 shows the Zone E predicted internal noise levels. The BS8233 daytime

internal noise level criterion is met for a ll facades and receiver floors using the sound





floors for all assessed façades.

Table 11.33: Site Suitability for Residential Development Assessment- Zone F

Zone and Direction

of Façade

Floor

Predicted Develop-


(LAeq,16h dBA)

Predicted Develop-


(LAeq,8h dBA)


Noise Level (dBA)

Predicted Internal



Met (35dB

LAeq,16h)

BS8233 Night time

Criteria Met

(30dB LAeq,8h)

F(a) N GF F1 F2

61.0 62.9 63.8

53.2 55.0 55.8

25.0 26.9 27.8

<20 <20 <20

Yes Yes Yes

Yes Yes Yes

F(b) N GF F1 F2

54.9 56.8 57.9

47.5 49.2 50.2

<20 20.8 21.9

<20 <20 <20

Yes Yes Yes

Yes Yes Yes

11.114 Table 11.33 highlights the Zone F predicted internal noise levels. The BS8233 daytime

internal noise level criterion is met for all facades and receiver floo rs using the sound


BS8233 night time internal noise level criteria of 30dB LAeq in bedrooms at the receiver

floors for all assessed façades.

Table 11.34: Site Suitability for Residential Development Assessment- Zone G

Zone and Direction of Façade

Floor

Predicted Develop-

ment Façade

Noise Level (LAeq,16h

dBA)

Predicted Develop-

ment Façade

Noise Level (LAeq,8h dBA)


Noise Level (dBA)

Predicted Internal

Night time Noise Level

(dBA)


Met (35dB

LAeq,16h)

BS8233 Night time

Criteria Met

(30dB LAeq,8h)

G(a) W GF F1

57.7 59.7

50.1 52.0

21.7 23.7

<20 <20

Yes Yes

Yes Yes

G(b) SE GF F1 F2

44.0 45.1 46.1

37.1 38.2 39.1

<20 <20 <20

<20 <20 <20

Yes Yes Yes

Yes Yes Yes

G(c) N GF F1 F2

46.9 48.3 49.8

39.9 41.2 42.7

<20 <20 <20

<20 <20 <20

Yes Yes Yes

Yes Yes Yes

G (c) SW GF F1 F2

39.2 40.9 43.0

32.7 34.2 36.2

<20 <20 <20

<20 <20 <20

Yes Yes Yes

Yes Yes Yes

G (d) NE GF F1

47.7 49.0

40.7 41.9

<20 <20

<20 <20

Yes Yes

Yes Yes

11.115 Table 11.34 presents the Zone G predicted internal noise levels. The BS8233 daytime



BS8233 night time internal noise level criteria of 30dB LAeq in bedrooms at the receiver

floors for all assessed facades.



Table 11.35: Site Suitability for Residential Development Assessment- Zone H

Zone and Direction

of Façade

Floor

Predicted Develop-


(LAeq,16h dBA)

Predicted Develop-


(LAeq,8h dBA)


Noise Level (dBA)

Predicted Internal



Met (35dB

LAeq,16h)

BS8233 Night time

Criteria Met

(30dB LAeq,8h)

S GF F1 F2

64.6 64.7 64.5

56.6 56.7 56.5

28.6 28.7 28.5

20.6 20.7 20.5

Yes Yes Yes

Yes Yes Yes

E GF F1 F2

55.4 56.4 57.0

47.9 48.8 49.4

<20 20.4 21.0

<20 <20 <20

Yes Yes Yes

Yes Yes Yes

SE GF F1 F2

47.3 48.3 49.3

40.3 41.2 42.2

<20 <20 <20

<20 <20 <20

Yes Yes Yes

Yes Yes Yes

11.116 Table 11.35 shows the Zone H predicted internal noise levels. The BS8233 daytime

internal noise level criterion is met for all facades and receiver floors usi ng the sound


BS8233 night time internal noise level criteria of 30dB L Aeq in bedrooms for all assessed

facades.

11.117 The above tables demonstrate that applying the assumed 33dB Rw sound insulation

detailed in BS8233:2014, Annex G, paragraph G.1 for assessment purposes, the 30dB

LAeq,8hr internal night time noise level in bedrooms and the 35 dB LAeq,16hr internal

daytime noise level in living rooms and resting spaces would be achieved in all locations

within the Site. Therefore the effects on the internal noise levels for medium sensitivity

receptors within the Proposed Development are negligible.

11.118 These predictions are based on the assumptions outlined earlier in this section. A

detailed noise ingress calculation following the detailed methodology in BS8233 to

determine suitable building envelope sound insulation properties can be completed once

site and building designs, layouts and locations are finalised for the development.

External Spaces

11.119 An assessment of the external amenity spaces around the Proposed Development was

undertaken which is largely influenced from road traffic movements and considered to

be the dominant noise source. Noise contour plots were produced highlighting the

predicted noise levels around the Proposed Development using the BS8233 and WHO

guidance threshold categories detailed in Table 11.11 and using the assessment



criteria detailed in Table 11.12. Noise contour plots are provided in Appendix 11.1,

Figure A13 to Figure A16.

11.120 Figure A13 to Figure A16 in Appendix 11.1 show that for the majority of the Site

the predicted noise levels fall within the WHO and BS8233 threshold categories and as

result the effect of road traffic noise on the future users of these amenity areas is

considered to be negligible using the criteria provided in Table 11.12. However, as

illustrated by Figures A13 to A16 a proportion of the Proposed Development

comprising amenity and garden spaces, in close proximity to the A428, parallel to the

A1198 and along the proposed spine road, are predicted to experience noise levels

above the desirable WHO noise threshold categories.

11.121 Paragraph 7.7.3.2 of BS8233:2014 recognises these WHO “guideline values are not

achievable in all circumstances where development might be desirable”. In those parts

of the Site where the noise levels are expected to be above the desirable WHO

thresholds the effect on future recreational users and residents of affected gardens is

considered to be Minor adverse. In addition paragraph 7.7.3.2 of BS8233:2014

suggests:

“In such a situation, development should be designed to

achieve the lowest practicable levels in these external

amenity spaces, but should not be prohibited”

Site Suitability for Other Development

11.122 In addition to considering the effect of the Proposed Development on existing sensitive

residential receptor locations, an assessment was also undertaken to predict noise

effect at proposed educational facilities within the Site.

11.123 The noise level for the other development (including offices and schools) was predicted

using SoundPLAN based on the parameter plans. The noise level for receiver floors and

façade direction (where indicated) was calculated and is shown in Table 11.36 to

Table 11.37. Noise contour plots for the completed development are provided in

Appendix 11.1 Figure A11 and A13; and in Figure A17 for the baseline year 2028

without development.

11.124 The predicted external noise level was calcu lated to an internal noise level using

guidance in BS8233 and specified in paragraph 11.105 above for typical sound reduction



of building elements. The internal noise level was compared with the upper limit for

indoor ambient noise level detailed within Table 1 of the Performance Standards for the

Priority Schools Building Programme (PSBP). This table recommends a guidance noise

level of 30dB LAeq,30mins for teaching spaces specifically for students with Special

Educational Needs and 35dB LAeq,30mins for most classrooms. External free-field noise

levels were compared with WHO guidance of an upper limit of 55dB L Aeq,T in outdoor

playgrounds during play time and assessed against criteria in Table 11.12.

Table 11.36: Site Suitability for Other Development Assessment- Schools

Building Direction

of Façade

Floor

Predicted Develop-

ment Façade

Noise Level

(LAeq,16h dBA)


Noise Level (dBA)

Predicted External

Free-Field Noise Level

(LAeq,16h dBA)

Internal Criteria

Met (30dB

LAeq,16h)

External

Criteria

Met (55dB LAeq,T)

Primary School 2.2Ha

NW GF F1 F2

56.4 57.2 57.7

20.4 21.2 21.7

53.4 Yes Yes Yes

Yes

Primary School 2.7Ha

S GF F1 F2

62.9 63.0 63.1

26.9 27.0 27.1

59.9 Yes Yes Yes

No

Secondary School 6.36Ha

E

GF F1 F2

43.9 44.5 45.1

<20 <20 <20

40.9 Yes Yes Yes

Yes

SW

GF F1

F2

47.0 47.9

48.4

<20 <20

<20

44.0 Yes Yes

Yes

Yes

11.125 Table 11.36 shows the predicted internal noise levels and free-field external noise

levels for the proposed schools. The PSBP daytime internal noise level criterion is met

for all facades and receiver floors using the sound insulation value of 33dB Rw. The

predicted external noise levels meet the WHO criteria of 55dB LAeq,T in playgrounds for

all assessed areas with the exception of Primary School 2.9Ha. A comparison with the

assessment criteria in Table 11.12 highlights that an excess of +4.9dB for an external

space is considered to be a Minor magnitude of effect. The school is a Medium

sensitivity receptor; therefore the significance of effect is Minor Adve rse. For all other

external spaces the significance of effect is Negligible.

11.126 Predicted noise levels at proposed office receptor locations are presented in

Table 11.37 for locations closest to the dominant noise source (the A428) to provide a

conservative assessment. The predicted external noise level was calculated to an

internal noise level using guidance in BS8233 and specified in paragraph 11. 105 above

for typical sound reduction of building elements (33dB Rw). These internal levels were



compared with the guidance provided in guidance from British Council for Offices Guide

2014 (Offices). This guidance recommends an internal ambient noise level of 40dB L Aeq

in single occupancy offices and 40 to 50dB LAeq in multi occupancy offices.

Table 11.37: Site Suitability for Other Development Assessment- Offices

Building Direction of

Façade Floor

Predicted Develop-

ment Façade

Noise Level (LAeq,16h

dBA)


Noise Level (dBA)

Internal Criteria Met (40dB LAeq)

Zone (i) N F1 F2

62.8 64.1

26.8 28.1

Yes Yes

Zone (ii) NE GF F1 F2

64.2 66.4 67.4

28.2 30.4 31.4

Yes Yes Yes

11.127 Table 11.37 shows the predicted internal noise levels and free-field external noise

levels at proposed buildings within Zone (i) and Zone (ii) taken from the parameters

plan. The daytime internal noise level criterion is met for facades and receiver floors

facing the A428 using the sound insulation value of 33dB Rw. A comparison with the

assessment criteria in Table 11.10 highlights a Negligible magnitude of effect. Office

type premises are a Low sensitivity receptor; therefore the significance of effect is

Negligible. No specific mitigation is required.

Mitigation Measures

Construction

11.128 The appointed main contractor for the works may elect to enter i n to a Section 61

agreement under The Control of Pollution Act (CoPA) with the LPA. A Section 61

agreement provides a method by which a contractor can apply for ‘prior consent’ for

construction activities before commencement of works. The ‘prior consent’ is agreed

between the Local Authority and the contractor and may contain a range of agreed

working conditions, noise limits and control measures designed to minimise or prevent

the occurrence of noise nuisance from construction activities. Application for a ‘prior

consent’ is a commonly used noise control and management measure in respect of

potential noise effects from major construction works.



11.129 A conventional approach to good construction noise management would be via the

implementation of a Construction Environmental Management Plan (CEMP), which can

include measures such as:

Informing local residents about the construction works, including the timing and

duration of any particularly noisy elements, and providing a contact telephone

number to them;

Avoiding operating particularly noisy equipment at the beginning and end of the

day;

Keeping potentially noisy deliveries, such as skips and concrete, to the middle or

less sensitive times of the day where possible;

Locating noisy static plant, such as diesel generators, away from residential

properties;

Using the most modern equipment available and ensuring equipment is properly

maintained; and

Where possible, using silencers/mufflers on equipment.

Bunding or screening including site hoardings to assist in reducing noise effects.

11.130 Although the combined effect of adopting such methods cannot be quantified, it is

expected that these methods could reduce source noise levels by some 5 - 10dB.

Construction vibration

11.131 At this stage it is not possible to specify mitigation measures for levels of vibration

likely to arise if activities such as piling operations were to occur. Preference should

therefore be given to using methods and equipment which would be expected to

generate lower levels of vibration.

Training

11.132 The site induction programme and site rules would include good working practice

instructions for site staff, managers, visitors and contractors to help minimi se noise

whilst working on the Site.

11.133 Good working practice guidelines/instructions would include, but not be limited to, the

following points:

Avoid un-necessary revving of engines;



Plant used intermittently should be shut-down between operational periods;

Avoid reversing wherever possible;

Drive carefully and within the site speed limit at all times;

Report any defective equipment/plant as soon as possible so that corrective

maintenance can be undertaken; and

Handle material in a manner that minimises noise.

Maintenance

11.134 Maintenance of plant should be carried out routinely and in accordance with the

manufacturers’ guidance. A regular inspection of all plant and equipment will be

undertaken as a minimum to ensure that:

All plant is in a good state of repair and fully functional;

any plant found to be requiring interim maintenance has been identified and

taken out of use;

acoustic enclosures fitted to plant are in a good state of repair;

doors and covers remain closed during operation; and

any repairs are being undertaken by a fully qualified maintenance engineer .

Non-compliance with Noise Limits / Receipt of Complaint

11.135 If the noise levels agreed with SLDC are exceeded as a result of construction works at

the development or a complaint is received from a local resident, an investigation would

be instigated by the Site Manager within an agreed time period to identify the cause of

the non-compliance/complaint.

11.136 Such an investigation may involve the identification and cessation of the activity or

activities considered to be the cause of the non-compliance/complaint (where

operationally safe to do so) and/or the investigation of mitigation measures to reduce

the noise emission levels from the activity or activities, for example the replacement of

noisy plant with quieter alternatives and/or the use of temporary screens.

11.137 Any deviation from agreed working practices would be identified immediately and

conformance to the working practice reinstated. A further noise survey should be

undertaken as soon as possible following the implementation of mitigati on to re-assess

the noise levels against the guideline noise levels. A complaints response system would



be maintained for the Site enabling any complaints regarding noise to be reported and

appropriate action taken.

Communication

11.138 Contact information and contact details should be displayed at the site entrance in order

that complaints can be registered. A 24hr emergency contact number should be set up

and distributed accordingly to ensure enquiries can be registered at all times.

Traffic


Site Suitability

11.139 Tables 11.27 to 11.35 demonstrate that applying guidance within BS8233:2014 and

specifying a 33dB Rw sound insulation for assessment purposes, the 30dB LAeq,8hr

internal night time noise level in bedrooms and the 35 dB LAeq,16hr internal daytime noise

level in living rooms and resting spaces would be achieved in all locations within the

Site. The detailed design stage may consider mitigation measures for noise sources

outside of the buildings and can include;

Increasing the sound insulation of the building envelope;

Planning the interior lay-out to avoid nose sensitive rooms being placed on the

noise source side, or incorporating buffer zones i.e. toilets, corridors, hallways ;

Suitable positioning of buildings on site;

Orientation of buildings on site; and

Attenuating the sound on its path to the receiver .

11.140 Noise contour plots presented in Appendix 11.1, Figure A13 to Figure A16 highlight

that areas of the Site in close proximity to the A428, parallel to the A1198 and along the

proposed spine road, are predicted to experience noise levels above the desirable WHO

noise threshold categories. At the detailed design stage the finalised layouts of

buildings, separating garden boundary fences and landscaping may show an

improvement on these predicted levels. For example noise levels within garden spaces

can be reduced by around 10dB through constructing a close-boarded fence with a

minimum density of 11kg/m3, no gaps between panel sections or the fence and the

ground.



11.141 Table 11.36 shows the predicted internal noise levels and free -field external noise

levels for the proposed schools. The PSBP daytime internal noise level criterion is met

for all facades and receiver floors using the sound insulation value of 33d B Rw. An

excess of +4.9dB was predicted for an external space at the Primary School 2.2Ha

location and was considered to be a Minor magnitude of effect. The school is a Medium

sensitivity receptor; therefore the significance of effect is Minor Adverse. M itigation at

the detailed design stage of the finalised layouts of buildings may show an improvement

on these predicted levels. Noise levels within external spaces can be reduced by around

10dB through constructing a close-boarded fence with a minimum density of 11kg/m3,

no gaps between panel sections or the fence and the ground.

Residual Effects

Construction

11.142 Construction activities for the phased assessment were predicted and shown in

Table 11.18 to Table 11.25 to have a Negligible effect at most receptor locations with

a Moderate Adverse effect at a few medium sensitivity receptor locations during the

phased construction of the Proposed Development. Noise mitigation measures will be

used to ensure that noise from construction related activities will be controlled to

acceptable levels at receptor locations.

11.143 The approach assumed that all construction equipment would be operating close to the

site boundary, which would not necessarily occur at all times, and this was the refore a

conservative assessment. However, the adoption of general good practice construction

noise management measures, typically Referred to as Best Practical Means (BPM), is

recommended and is discussed in the mitigation measures section of this chapter.

11.144 The application of BPM is likely to reduce noise levels by an order of 5-10dB and

therefore the maximum effects in close proximity to receptors are expected to be

Negligible Adverse.

Traffic

11.145 The overall finding of the traffic noise assessment is that existing receptors around the

Site are generally unaffected by development road traffic noise. There is a predicted

increase of +4.6dB at receptor CN7 Swansley Wood Farm with the completed

development traffic flows. This is due to the proximity of the receptor to the proposed

spine road within the Site. The noise modelling did not include any existing boundary



fence at the property. Inclusion for example of a close-boarded fence with a minimum

density of 11kg/m3 with no gaps between panel sections or the fence and the ground

can provide around a 10dB reduction.


Site Suitability

11.146 The implementation of the mitigation measures outlined above show that t he effects

associated with the Proposed Development are negligible.

Cumulative Effects

Construction

11.147 The committed developments in the vicinity of the Site, are detailed in Table 2.5 of

Chapter 2: Environmental Impact Assessment Methodology. Some of these construction

periods have the potential to overlap with the construction period of the Proposed

Development. It is likely that these developments will implement site -specific measures

to mitigate noise associated with construction works. These would be implemented as

part of a Construction Environmental Management Plan (CEMP) wh ich is likely to be

requested by SCDC as a condition of the planning permission. It is therefore not

anticipated that any cumulative effects associated with the construction phase will be

significant.


11.148 Traffic generated by the committed developments in the vicinity of the site, as detailed

in Table 2.5 of Chapter 2: Environmental Impact Assessment Methodology was included

in the traffic flows provided by Royal HaskoningDHV for the 2028 assessment years, and

utilised in the noise assessment. Forecast traffic volumes for the assessment years of

2013 and 2028 have been prepared using NTEM and TEMPro data. TEMPro forecasts

allow for other committed development (including those defined in Chapter 2:

Environmental Impact Assessment Methodology). The cumulative effects of traffic

generated by committed developments were therefore considered in terms of noise

emissions generated and effects. The results of the operational phase assessment show

that committed development traffic flows, in combination with the Proposed

Development traffic, would not lead to significant increases in noise levels at most



sensitive receptor locations. Further details regarding the derivation of the utilised

traffic flows are included in Chapter 9: Transport and Access.

Summary

11.149 The assessment has considered the potential for the Proposed Development to affect

the noise environment at existing and proposed receptor locations during its

construction and completion. The suitability of the Site for residential development was

also considered in relation to noise at assumed receptor locations within the Site itself.

11.150 The noise assessment considered the potential noise effects associated with the phased

construction of the Site at a number of nearby receptors, and new receptors emerging

through the phased construction, having regard to the existing noise environment which

is mainly influenced by road traffic noise from nearby highways.

11.151 Potential unmitigated noise effects during the construction phase using a conservative

approach are considered to range from Negligible for most NSRs to Moderate Adverse.

The can be mitigated by a range of measures to reduce the effect, including:

A Section 61 agreement to be made with the local planning authorit y agreeing

permitted working hours of between 08:00 and 18:00 and noise limits during

construction; and

The use of Best Practice Methods to minimise the potential noise effects from

construction activities.

11.152 An assessment of the increase in road traffic noise generated by the development on

the surrounding road network predicted Minor Adverse at one existing receptor location

due to the proximity of the proposed spine road. The noise modelling did not include

any existing boundary fence at this property. Mitigation, for example by means of

erecting a close-boarded fence with a minimum density of 11kg/m 3 with no gaps

between panel sections or the fence and the ground, can provide around a 10dB

reduction.

11.153 The assessment concluded that the Site is suitable for residential dwellings and using

the 33dB Rw sound insulation detailed in BS8233:2014, Annex G, paragraph G.1 for

assessment purposes, achieves the 30dB LAeq,8hr internal night time noise level in

bedrooms and the 35 dB LAeq,16hr internal daytime noise level in Living rooms and resting

spaces.



11.154 External noise levels were assessed against the BS8233 and WHO guidance levels. Some

areas of the Site in close proximity to the A428 and A1198 were shown to be in excess

of these desirable noise levels. For such circumstances, Paragraph 7.7.3.2 of

BS8233:2014 suggests:

“In such a situation, development should be designed to

achieve the lowest practicable levels in these external

amenity spaces, but should not be prohibited”

11.155 The assessment concluded that the Site is suitable for schools and office buildings and

using the 33dB Rw sound insulation detailed in BS8233:2014, Annex G, paragraph G.1

for assessment purposes, achieves recommended internal noise level requirements .

11.156Table 11.38 provides a summary of the likely significant effects and proposed

mitigation measures for the Site.



Table 11.38: Table of Significance – Noise and Vibration

Potential Effect

Nature of Effect

(Permanent/ Temporary)

Significance (Major/Moderate/

Minor) (Beneficial/Adverse/

Negligible)

Mitigation / Enhancement Measures

Geographical Importance*

Residual Effects (Major/Moderate/

Minor) (Beneficial/Adverse

/Negligible) I UK E R C D L

Construction

Noise during construction phases at NSRs

Temporary Negligible to Moderate Adverse

Use of BPM, CEMP, Section 61 application

* Negligible

Vibration during construction phases at NSRs

Temporary Use of BPM, CEMP, Section 61 application

* Negligible


Traffic noise at NSRs Permanent Negligible to Minor Adverse

Barrier (fencing), Planning Condition * Negligible

Internal Noise Levels Permanent Negligible Improved sound insulation/ventilation strategy, Planning Condition

* Negligible

External Noise Levels Permanent Negligible to Minor Adverse

Barrier (fencing), landscaping, Planning Condition

* Negligible

Cumulative Effects

Construction Not Significant Not Significant None required * Not Significant

Completed Development Permanent Negligible Measures included as part of a detailed planning application.

* * Not Significant

* Geographical Level of Importance

I = International; UK = United Kingdom; E = England; R = Regional; C = County; D =District; L = Local



References

i. Environmental Protection Act 1990. HMSO, London

ii . Control of Pollution Act 1974. HMSO, London ii i. Department for Communities and Local Government (DCLG) (2012) National Planning Policy

Framework. iv. Department for Communities and Local Government (DCLG), 2014. National Planning

Practice Guidance. v. Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA), 2010. Noise Policy

Statement for England vi. South Cambridgeshire District Council, Local Planning Policy: South Cambridgeshire District

Council’s (SCDC’s) – “Local Development Framework, Development Control Policies, Development Plan Document”, Adopted July 2007, July 2007.

vii. South Cambridgeshire District Council, District Design Guide (SPD), March 2010. vii i. British Standards Institution, (2003). BS 7445-1:2003 - Description and measurement of

environmental noise. Guide to quantities and procedures. BSI, London ix. BS4142:2014 - Methods for rating and assessing industrial and commercial sound, BSI,

2014. x. Berglund et al. (1999) - Guidelines for Community Noise. Geneva, World Health

Organisation (WHO) xi. British Standard [BS] 5228-1: 2009+A1:2014 “Code of practice for noise and vibration

control on construction and open sites – Part 1: Noise” (BSI, 2014) xii. British Standard [BS] 5228-2: 2009+A1:2014 “Code of practice for noise and vibration

control on construction and open sites – Part 2: Vibration” (BSI, 2014) xii i. Department of Transport, Welsh Office (1988). Calculation of Road Traffic Noise HMSO,

London xiv. The Highways Agency (2011) Design Manual for Roads and Bridges, Volume 11, Section 3,

Part 7:Noise and Vibration. The Highways Agency xv. British Standard Institute (2014). BS8233: Sound Insulation and Noise Reduction for

Buildings. British Standard Institute, London. xvi. British Standard 6472-1:2008 Guide to evaluation of human exposure to vibration in

buildings. Part 1: Vibration sources other than blasting, BSI, London. xvii. Education Funding Agency (2012) Acoustic Performance Standards For Priority Schools

Building Programme. Department for Education, London. xvii i. British Council for Offices (2014). Guide to Specification 2014. BCO, London. xix. British Standards Institution (2003). BS EN 61672-1:2003 Electroacoustics. Sound level

meters. Specifications. BSI, London. xx. British Standards Institution, (2003). BS 7445-2 Description and Measurement of

Environmental Noise: Guide to the Acquisition of Data Pertinent to Land Use. BSI, London.

Path:

Figure

Date Scale

Title

Client

Project

Figure 11.1

Study area and baseline noise measurementlocations

Project 9Y1623Cambourne West

MCA Developments

20/08/14

Checked by Issue number

DC 2

±

Do not scale

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