Supplementary Material:

Nanotechnology Patenting Trends: Materials and ApplicationsMegan E. Leitch a,c, Elizabeth Casman b,c, Gregory V. Lowry a,c,d

a. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University,Porter Hall 119, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213

b. Department of Engineering and Public Policy, Carnegie Mellon University,Baker Hall 129, 5000 Forbes Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15213

c. Center for the Environmental Implications of NanoTechnology (CEINT), Carnegie Mellon Universityd. Corresponding Author: glowry@cmu.edu, Phone: (412) 268-2948 Fax: (412) 268-7813

Submitted to THE JOURNAL OF NANOPARTICLE RESEARCHJuly 15, 2012

Table of contents: Pages

Patent Search Terms ………………………………..…………………………….…………….... 2 - 6

Table II – Details of Section and Class-Level IPC……………………………….……………... 7 – 20

Table III – 2006-2011 USPTO Apps: IPC Subclass Absolute Counts………………………... 21 – 35

Figure 14 – Increased use of Nanotubes in Nanotechnology Patents:

Raw Data, Linear and Quadratic Regressions……………………………….….36

Figure 15 – Element Sea Abundance vs. Occurrence in Nanotech IP documents ………………37

Table IV – USPTO Nanotech Grants Element co-occurrence matrix

(embedded spreadsheet)……………………………………………………..…......38

Figure 16 – FR diagram of co-occurrence of USPTO Grant chemical elements:

All elements and co-occurrences (no filter)……………………….……………… 39

1

Search Terms for Isolation of Nanotechnology-related Patents

Below are the search terms – graphical format first, then the search string written for the freepatentsonline.com website with word-stemming on), then the search strings used by Landon IP:

Boolean search term #1 – Nanoparticles only:

Nanoparticle Search Term For Free Patents online:

ACLM/(Nanotube OR Nano-tube OR Fullerene OR Buckyball OR Bucky-ball OR Nanoparticle OR Nanorod OR Nano-rod OR Nanofiber OR Nanofibre OR Nanowire OR "Molecular Wire" OR "Quantum wire" OR "Quantum dot" OR Nanodot OR Nano-dot OR Nanoforest OR Nano-forest OR Nanotree OR Nano-tree OR Nano-array OR Nanoheli OR Nano-heli OR Nanosphere OR Nanopowder OR Nanocapsule OR Nano-capsule OR Nanowhisker OR Nano-whisker OR SWCNT OR MWCNT OR SWNT OR MWNT OR Buckytube OR Nanobud OR Nano-bud OR Nanocube OR Nano-cube OR Nanocluster OR Nano-cluster OR Nanobelt OR Nano-belt OR "Exfoliated Clay" OR "Exfoliated silicate" OR "Exfoliated platelets")

OR

ACLM/("nano particle"~10 OR "nano C60"~10 OR "nano Bucky"~10 OR "nano Fiber"~10 OR "nano Fibre"~10 OR "nano Wire"~10 OR "nano sphere"~10 OR "nano powder"~10)

OR

ACLM/("Nanocomposite particle"~10 OR "Nanocomposite C60"~10 OR "Nanocomposite Bucky"~10 OR "Nanocomposite Fiber"~10 OR "Nanocomposite Fibre"~10 OR "Nanocomposite Wire"~10 OR "Nanocomposite sphere"~10 OR "Nanocomposite powder"~10)

OR

2

ACLM/("Nanomaterial particle"~10 OR "Nanomaterial C60"~10 OR "Nanomaterial Bucky"~10 OR "Nanomaterial Fiber"~10 OR "Nanomaterial Fibre"~10 OR "Nanomaterial Wire"~10 OR "Nanomaterial sphere"~10 OR "Nanomaterial powder"~10)

OR

ACLM/("Nanosize particle"~10 OR "Nanosize C60"~10 OR "Nanosize Bucky"~10 OR "Nanosize Fiber"~10 OR "Nanosize Fibre"~10 OR "Nanosize Wire"~10 OR "Nanosize sphere"~10 OR "Nanosize powder"~10)

OR

ACLM/("Nanotechnology particle"~10 OR "Nanotechnology C60"~10 OR "Nanotechnology Bucky"~10 OR "Nanotechnology Fiber"~10 OR "Nanotechnology Fibre"~10 OR "Nanotechnology Wire"~10 OR "Nanotechnology sphere"~10 OR "Nanotechnology powder"~10)

OR

ACLM/("Nanostructure particle"~10 OR "Nanostructure C60"~10 OR "Nanostructure Bucky"~10 OR "Nanostructure Fiber"~10 OR "Nanostructure Fibre"~10 OR "Nanostructure Wire"~10 OR "Nanostructure sphere"~10 OR "Nanostructure powder"~10)

OR

ACLM/("Nanoscale particle"~10 OR "Nanoscale C60"~10 OR "Nanoscale Bucky"~10 OR "Nanoscale Fiber"~10 OR "Nanoscale Fibre"~10 OR "Nanoscale Wire"~10 OR "Nanoscale sphere"~10 OR "Nanoscale powder"~10)

OR

ACLM/("Nanocrystal particle"~10 OR "Nanocrystal C60"~10 OR "Nanocrystal Bucky"~10 OR "Nanocrystal Fiber"~10 OR "Nanocrystal Fibre"~10 OR "Nanocrystal Wire"~10 OR "Nanocrystal sphere"~10 OR "Nanocrystal powder"~10)

OR

ACLM/("Ultrafine particle"~5 OR "Ultrafine powder"~5 OR "Ultra-fine particle"~5 OR "Ultra-fine powder"~5)

Landon IP Search Query for Boolean Search Terms #1 – Nanoparticles Only:

(Nano*tube* or Fullerene* or Bucky*ball or Nanoparticle* or Nano*rod or Nanofiber* or Nanofibre or Nanowire* or Molecular Wire or Quantum wire* or Quantum dot* or Nano*dot* or Nano*forest or Nano*tree* or Nano*array or Nano*heli* or Nano*sphere* or Nano*powder* or Nano*capsule* or Nano*whisker* or SWCNT or MWCNT or SWNT or MWNT or Bucky*tube* or Nano*bud* or Nano*cube* or Nano*cluster* or Nano*belt* or Exfoliated clay or Exfoliated silicate or Exfoliated platelet*) or (((Nano or Nanocomposite* or Nanomaterial* or Nanosize* or Nanotechnolog* or Nanostructure* or Nanoscale* or Nanocrystal*) near10 (Particle* or C60 or Bucky or Fiber* or Fibre* or Wire* or Sphere Powder*)) or (ultra*fin* near5 (particle* or particle*)))

Boolean search term #2- All Nanomaterials including Layers, etc.:

3

Nanotechnology Search Term For Free Patents online:

CCL/977

OR

ICL/B82

OR

ACLM/(Nanotube OR Nano-tube OR Fullerene OR Buckyball OR Bucky-ball OR Nanoparticle OR Nanorod OR Nano-rod OR Nanofiber OR Nanofibre OR Nanowire OR "Molecular Wire" OR "Quantum wire" OR "Quantum dot" OR "Quantum box" OR "Quantum well" OR Nanodot OR Nano-dot OR Nanoforest OR Nano-forest OR Nanotree OR Nano-tree OR Nano-array OR Nanoheli OR Nano-heli OR Nanosphere OR Nanopowder OR Nanocapsule OR Nano-capsule OR Nanowhisker OR Nano-whisker OR SWCNT OR MWCNT OR SWNT OR MWNT OR Buckytube OR Nanobud OR Nano-bud OR Nanocube OR Nano-cube OR Nanocluster OR Nano-cluster OR Nanobelt OR Nano-belt OR "Exfoliated Clay" OR "Exfoliated silicate" OR "Exfoliated platelets" OR NANOSTRUCTURE OR nano-structure OR NANOCOMPOSITE OR nano-composite OR NANOCRYSTAL OR NANOFIBER OR NANOFIBRE OR NANOTECHNOLOG OR NANOMATERIAL OR NANOFABRICAT OR NANOPOR OR NANOPARTICULATE OR NANOPHASE OR NANOLITHOGRAPHY OR NANODEVICE OR NANOINDENT OR NANOLAYER OR NANOSCIENCE OR NANOSIZE OR NANOSCALE OR NANOELECTROSPRAY OR "COULOMB BLOCKADE")

OR

ACLM/("nm surface"~10 OR "nm film"~10 OR "nm grain"~10 OR "nm powder"~10 OR "nm silicon"~10 OR "nm deposition"~10 OR "nm layer"~10 OR "nm device"~10 OR "nm cluster"~10 or "nm crystal"~10 OR "nm material" or "nm atomic force microscope"~10 OR "nm transmission electron microscope"~10 OR "nm scanning tunneling microscope"~10)

4

OR

ACLM/("NANOMETER surface"~10 OR "NANOMETER film"~10 OR "NANOMETER grain"~10 OR "NANOMETER powder"~10 OR "NANOMETER silicon"~10 OR "NANOMETER deposition"~10 OR "NANOMETER layer"~10 OR "NANOMETER device"~10 OR "NANOMETER cluster"~10 or "NANOMETER crystal"~10 OR "NANOMETER material" or "NANOMETER atomic force microscope"~10 OR "NANOMETER transmission electron microscope"~10 OR "NANOMETER scanning tunneling microscope"~10)

OR

ACLM/("NANOMETRE surface"~10 OR "NANOMETRE film"~10 OR "NANOMETRE grain"~10 OR "NANOMETRE powder"~10 OR "NANOMETRE silicon"~10 OR "NANOMETRE deposition"~10 OR "NANOMETRE layer"~10 OR "NANOMETRE device"~10 OR "NANOMETRE cluster"~10 or "NANOMETRE crystal"~10 OR "NANOMETRE material" or "NANOMETRE atomic force microscope"~10 OR "NANOMETRE transmission electron microscope"~10 OR "NANOMETRE scanning tunneling microscope"~10)

OR

ACLM/("SELF-ASSEMBL MONOLAYER"~10 OR "SELF-ASSEMBL film"~10 OR "SELF-ASSEMBL NANO"~10 OR "SELF-ASSEMBL QUANTUM"~10 OR "SELF-ASSEMBL LAYER"~10 OR "SELF-ASSEMBL MULTILAYER"~10 OR "SELF-ASSEMBL ARRAY"~10)

OR

ACLM/("SELF-ORGANIZ MONOLAYER"~10 OR "SELF-ORGANIZ film"~10 OR "SELF-ORGANIZ ASSEMBL NANO"~10 OR "SELF-ORGANIZ QUANTUM"~10 OR "SELF-ORGANIZ LAYER"~10 OR "SELF-ORGANIZ MULTILAYER"~10 OR "SELF-ORGANIZ ARRAY"~10)

OR

ACLM/("nano particle"~10 OR "nano C60"~10 OR "nano Bucky"~10 OR "nano Fiber"~10 OR "nano Fibre"~10 OR "nano Wire"~10 OR "nano sphere"~10 OR "nano powder"~10)

OR

ACLM/("Ultrafine particle"~5 OR "Ultrafine powder"~5 OR "Ultra-fine particle"~5 OR "Ultra-fine powder"~5)

Landon IP Search Query – All Nanomaterials including Layers, etc:

(Nano*tube* or Fullerene* or Bucky*ball or Nanoparticle* or Nano*rod or Nanofiber* or Nanofibre* or Nanowire* or Molecular Wire* or Quantum wire* or Quantum dot* or Nano*dot* or Nano*forest* or Nano*tree* or Nano*array* or Nano*heli* or Nano*sphere* or Nano*powder* or Nano*capsule* or Nano*whisker* or SWCNT or MWCNT or SWNT or MWNT or Bucky*tube* or Nano*bud* or Nano*cube* or Nano*cluster or Nano*belt or Exfoliated clay or Exfoliated silicate or Exfoliated platelet or Quantum well* or Quantum Box* or Nano*structure* or Nano*composite* or Nano*crystal* or Nano*technolog* or Nano*material* or Nano*fabricat* or Nanopor* or Nano*particulat* or Nano*phase* or Nano*lithography* or Nano*device* or Nano*indent* or Nano*layer* or Nano*science* or Nano*size* or Nano*scale* or Nano*electrospray* or Coulomb*Blockade*) or ((ultra*fin* near5 (particle* or particle*)) or ((Self*assembl* or Self*organiz*) near10 (Monolayer* or Film* or Nano* or Quantum or layer* or Multi*layer* or Array*)) or ((Nm or Nanometer or Nanometre) near10 (Surface or Film* or Grain or Powder* or Silicon* or Deposition or Layer* or Device* or Cluster* or Crystal* or AFM or TEM or STM)))

5

Supplementary Material: Table IIExamples of common technologies/products contained within IPC section-levels (bold indicates the IPC

subclass appears commonly in nanotech applications: 100+ times in a patent dataset, or 10+ times in the PEN database)

To browse the full set of IPC, or for further details on individual categories, visit the World Intellectual Property Organization website: www.wipo.int/ipcpub/

Section A – Human NecessitiesA01 AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING (Includes soil-working;

agricultural machines and implements; planting; sowing; fertilizing; harvesting; mowing; threshing; horticulture; cultivation of plants; forestry; watering; new plants and processes for obtaining them; plant reproduction by tissue culture; dairy product manufacture; animal husbandry; care of animals; catching/trapping/scaring animals; preservation of human/animal/plant bodies; biocides e.g. as disinfectants, as pesticides or as herbicides; pest repellants/attractants; plant growth regulation)

A21 BAKING; EQUIPMENT FOR MAKING OR PROCESSING DOUGHS; DOUGHS FOR BAKING (baker's ovens; machines or equipment for baking; treatment/preservation of flour or dough for baking; handling baked articles)

A22 BUTCHERING; MEAT TREATMENT; PROCESSING POULTRY OR FISH (slaughtering; processing of meat poultry, or fish)

A23 FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; THEIR TREATMENT, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES (preserving, e.g. by canning; chemical ripening of fruit/vegetables; dairy products and the making thereof; edible oils or fats; manufacture or preparation of coffee, tea, or their substitutes; cocoa, cocoa products, and their substitutes; confectionary; chewing gum; ice cream; protein and phosphatide compositions for foodstuffs; working-up proteins for foodstuffs; feeding stuffs adapted for animals and apparatus for preparation; food, foodstuffs and non-alcoholic beverages, their preparation or treatment e.g. cooking, modification of nutritive qualities, physical treatments; preservation of food or foodstuffs in general; machines or apparatus for treating harvested fruit, vegetables, bulbs; peeling vegetables or fruit in bulk; preparation of animal feedstuffs; shaping or working of foodstuffs)

A24 TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES (manufacture or preparation of tobacco for smoking or chewing; tobacco; snuff; machines for making cigars or cigarettes; cigars; cigarettes; tobacco smoke filters; mouthpeices for cigars or cigarettes, matchboxes)

A41 WEARING APPAREL (shirts; underwear; baby linen; handkerchiefs; corsets; brassieres; outerwear; protective garments; accessories; garment fastenings; suspenders; artificial flowers; wigs; masks; feathers; appliances or methods for making clothes)

A42 HEADWEAR (hats, head coverings, and the manufacture/trimming thereof)A43 FOOTWEAR (footwear and its characteristic features/parts; fastenings/attachments/laces for footwear;

machines, tools and equipment for making/repairing footwear)A44 HABERDASHERY; JEWELLERY (buttons; pins; buckles; slide fasteners; jewelry; bracelets; other personal

adornments; coinA45 HAND OR TRAVELLING ARTICLES (walking sticks; umbrellas; ladies' fans; purses; luggage; hand-carried bags;

hairdressing or shaving equipment; manicuring or other cosmetic treatments; travelling or camp equipment; sacks or packs carried on the body;

A46 BRUSHWARE (brushes and manufacture thereof)

6

A47 FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL(tables; desks; office furniture; cabinets; drawers; chairs; sofas; beds; furniture adapted for children; special furniture, fitting or accessories for shops, storehouses, bars, or restaurants; paying counters; household or table equipment; furnishings for windows or doors; kitchen equipment; coffee mills; spice mills; apparatus for making beverages; sanitary equipment not otherwise provided for; toilet accessories; domestic washing or cleaning, suction cleaners)

A61 MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE (diagnosis; surgery; identification; dentistry; apparatus or methods for oral or dental hygiene; veterinary instruments, implements, tools, or methods; filters implantable into blood vessels; prostheses; devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents; orthopaedic, nursing or contraceptive devices; fomentation; treatment or protection of eyes or ears; bandages, dressings or absorbent pads; first-aid kits; transport, personal conveyances, or accommodation specially adapted for patients or disabled persons; operating tables or chairs; chairs for dentistry; funeral devices; physical therapy apparatus, e.g. devices for locating or stimulating reflex points in the body; artificial respiration; massage; bathing devices for special therapeutic or hygienic purposes or specific parts of the body; containers specially adapted for medical or pharmaceutical purposes; devices or methods specially adapted for bringing pharmaceutical products into particular physical or administering forms; devices for administering food or medicines orally; baby comforters; devices for receiving spittle; preparations for medical, dental, or toilet purposes; methods or apparatus for sterilizing materials or objects in general; disinfection, sterilization, or deodorization of air; chemical aspects of bandages, dressings, absorbent pads, or surgical articles; materials for bandages, dressings, absorbent pads, or surgical articles; devices for introducing media into, or onto, the body; devices for transducing body media or for taking media from the body; devices for producing or ending sleep or stupor; electrotherapy; magnetotherapy; radiation therapy; ultrasound therapy; specific therapeutic activity of chemical compounds or medicinal preparations; specific use of cosmetics or similar toilet preparations

A62 LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING (devices, apparatus or methods for life-saving; fire-fighting; chemical means for extinguishing fires; processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless, or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change; composition of materials for coverings or clothing for protecting against harmful chemical agents; composition of materials for transparent parts of gas-masks, respirators, breathing bags or helmets; composition of chemical materials for use in breathing apparatus)

A63 SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS (apparatus for physical training, gymnastics, swimming, climbing, or fencing; ball games; training equipment; bowling-alleys; bowling games; boccia; bowls; bagatelle; billiards ; card, board, or roulette games; indoor games using small moving playing bodies; games not otherwise provided for; merry-go-rounds; swings; rocking-horses; chutes; switchbacks; similar devices for public amusement; toys, e.g. tops, dolls, hoops, building blocks devices for theatres, circuses, or the like; conjuring appliances or the like; racing; riding sports; equipment or accessories therefor

Section B – Performing Operations and TransportationB01 PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL (boiling; boiling apparatus; separation ;

mixing, e.g. dissolving, emulsifying, dispersing; chemical or physical processes, e.g. catalysis, colloid chemistry; their relevant apparatus; chemical or physical laboratory apparatus for general use)

B02 CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING (preparing grain for milling; refining granular fruit to commercial products by working the surface; crushing, pulverizing, or disintegrating in general; milling grain)

7

B03 SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS (separating solid materials using liquids or using pneumatic tables or jigs; magnetic or electrostatic separation of solid materials from solid materials or fluids; separation by high-voltage electric fields; flotation; differential sedimentation)

B04 CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES (centrifuges; apparatus using free vortex flow, e.g. cyclones)

B05 SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING LIQUIDS OR OTHER FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES (spraying apparatus; atomizing apparatus; nozzles; apparatus for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces, in general; processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces, in general)

B06 GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS (generating or transmitting mechanical vibrations in general)

B07 SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING (separating solids from solids by sieving, screening, or sifting or by using gas currents; other separating by dry methods applicable to bulk material, e.g. loose articles fit to be handled like bulk material; postal sorting; sorting individual articles, or bulk material fit to be sorted piece-meal, e.g. by picking)

B08 CLEANING (cleaning in general; prevention of fouling in general)B09 DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL (disposal of solid waste; reclamation of

contaminated soil)B21 MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL (rolling of

metal; manufacture of metal sheets, wire, rods, tubes, profiles or like semi-manufactured products otherwise than by rolling; auxiliary operations used in connection with metal-working without essentially removing material; working or processing of sheet metal or metal tubes, rods or profiles without essentially removing material; punching; working or processing of wire; making needles, pins, or nails making particular metal objects by rolling, e.g. screws, wheels, rings, barrels, balls; forging; hammering; pressing; riveting; forge furnaces; making forged or pressed products, e.g. horse-shoes, rivets, bolts, wheels; making chains)

B22 CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY (foundry moulding; casting of metals; casting of other substances by the same processes or devices; working metallic powder; manufacture of articles from metallic powder; making metallic powder)

B23 MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR (turning; boring; milling; planing; slotting; shearing; broaching; sawing; filing; scraping; like operations for working metal by removing material, not otherwise provided for; making gears or toothed racks; thread cutting; working of screws, bolt heads, or nuts, in conjunction therewith; working of metal by the action of a high concentration of electric current on a workpiece using an electrode which takes the place of a tool; such working combined with other forms of working of metal; soldering or unsoldering; welding; cladding or plating by soldering or welding; cutting by applying heat locally, e.g. flame cutting; working by laser beam; other working of metal; combined operations; universal machine tools; details, components, or accessories for machine tools, e.g. arrangements for copying or controlling; machine tools in general, characterized by the construction of particular details or components; combinations or associations of metal-working machines, not directed to a particular result)

B24 GRINDING; POLISHING (machines, devices, or processes for grinding or polishing; dressing or conditioning of abrading surfaces; feeding of grinding, polishing, or lapping agents; abrasive or related blasting with particulate material; tools for grinding, buffing, or sharpening)

8

B25 HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; HANDLES FOR HAND IMPLEMENTS; WORKSHOP EQUIPMENT; MANIPULATORS (tools or bench devices not otherwise provided for, for fastening, connecting, disengaging, or holding; hand-held nailing or stapling tools; manually-operated portable stapling tools; percussive tools; combination or multi-purpose tools not otherwise provided for; details or components of portable power-driven tools not particularly related to the operations performed and not otherwise provided for handles for hand implements; workshop equipment, e.g. for marking-out work; storage means for workshops; manipulators; chambers provided with manipulation devices)

B26 HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING (hand-held cutting tools not otherwise provided for; cutting; details common to machines for severing, e.g. by cutting, perforating, punching, stamping-out; perforating; punching; cutting-out; stamping-out; severing by means other than cutting)

B27 WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL (saws; components or accessories therefor; planing, drilling, milling, turning, or universal machines; working veneer or plywood; dovetailed work; tenons; slotting machines; nailing or stapling machines; accessory machines or apparatus; tools; safety devices, e.g. for saws; bending; cooperage; wheel-making mechanical working of cane, cork, or similar materials processes, apparatus or selection of substances for impregnating, staining, dyeing or bleaching of wood, or for treating of wood with permeant liquids, not otherwise provided for; chemical or physical treatment of cork, cane, reed, straw or similar materials; removing bark or vestiges of branches; splitting wood; manufacture of veneer, wooden sticks, wood shavings, wood fibres or wood powder; working of wood not provided for in subclasses ; B27B-B27L; manufacture of specific wooden articles

B28 WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE (manufacture by dry processes of articles, with or without organic binding agents, made from particles or fibres consisting of wood or other lignocellulosic or like organic material; shaping clay or other ceramic compositions, slag or mixtures containing cementitious material, e.g. plaster; working stone or stone-like materials)

B29 WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL (preparation or pretreatment of the material to be shaped; making granules or preforms; recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics shaping or joining of plastics; shaping of substances in a plastic state, in general; after- treatment of the shaped products, e.g. repairing; producing particular articles from plastics or from substances in a plastic state)

B30 PRESSES (presses in general; presses not otherwise provided for)B31 MAKING PAPER ARTICLES; WORKING PAPER (making boxes, cartons, envelopes, or bags; making wound

articles, e.g. wound tubes; making other paper articles; mechanical working or deformation of paper or cardboard)

B32 LAYERED PRODUCTS (layered products, i.e. products built-up of strata of flat or non-flat, e.g. cellular or honeycomb, form)

B41 PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS (machines or accessories for making, setting, or distributing type; type; photographic or photoelectronic composing devices; processes for the manufacture or reproduction of printing surfaces; apparatus for the mechanical reproduction of printing surfaces for stereotype printing; shaping elastic or deformable material to form printing surfaces; printing machines or presses; apparatus for bronze printing, line printing, or for bordering or edging sheets or like articles; auxiliary apparatus for perforating in conjunction with printing; typewriters; selective printing mechanisms, i.e. mechanisms printing otherwise than from a forme; correction of typographical errors; stamps; stamping or numbering apparatus or devices; apparatus or devices for manifolding, duplicating, or printing for office or other commercial purposes; addressing machines or like series-printing machines; printing, duplicating, marking, or copying processes; colour printing; printing plates or foils; materials for surfaces used in printing machines for printing, inking, damping, or the like; preparing such surfaces for use or conserving them)

9

B42 BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER (permanently attaching together sheets, quires, or signatures, or permanently attaching objects thereto; bookbinding; books; book covers; loose leaves; printed matter of special format or style not otherwise provided for; devices for use therewith; movable-strip writing or reading apparatus; sheets temporarily attached together; filing appliances; file cards; indexing)

B43 WRITING OR DRAWING IMPLEMENTS; BUREAU ACCESSORIES (implements for writing or drawing; articles for writing or drawing upon; accessories for writing or drawing; bureau accessories not otherwise provided for)

B44 DECORATIVE ARTS (machines, apparatus, or tools for artistic work, e.g. for sculpturing, guilloching, carving, branding, inlaying; producing decorative effects; mosaics; tarsia work; paperhanging; painting or artistic drawing, not otherwise provided for; preserving paintings; surface treatment to obtain special artistic surface effects or finishes; special designs or pictures

B60 VEHICLES IN GENERAL (vehicle wheels; castors; axles; increasing wheel adhesion; vehicle tyres; tyre inflation; tyre changing; connecting valves to inflatable elastic bodies in general; devices or arrangements related to tyres; vehicle connections; vehicles for use both on rail and on road; vehicles capable of travelling in or on different media, e.g. amphibious vehicles; vehicle suspension arrangements; arrangements or adaptations of heating, cooling, ventilating, or other air-treating devices specially for passenger or goods spaces of vehicles windows, windscreens, non-fixed roofs, doors, or similar devices for vehicles; removable external protective coverings specially adapted for vehicles; arrangement or mounting of propulsion units or of transmissions in vehicles; arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers; auxiliary drives; instrumentation or dashboards for vehicles; arrangements in connection with cooling, air intake, gas exhaust, or fuel supply, of propulsion units, in vehicles; propulsion of electrically-propelled vehicles; supplying electric power for auxiliary equipment of electrically-propelled vehicles; electrodynamic brake systems for vehicles in general; magnetic suspension or levitation for vehicles; monitoring operating variables of electrically-propelled vehicles; electric safety devices for electrically-propelled vehicles; power supply lines, or devices along rails, for electrically-propelled vehicles; vehicle passenger accommodation not otherwise provided for; vehicles adapted for load transportation or to transport, to carry, or to comprise special loads or objects; arrangement of signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor, for vehicles in general; vehicles, vehicle fittings, or vehicle parts, not otherwise provided for; servicing, cleaning, repairing, supporting, lifting, or manoeuvring of vehicles, not otherwise provided for; vehicle brake control systems or parts thereof; brake control systems or parts thereof, in general; arrangement of braking elements on vehicles in general; portable devices for preventing unwanted movement of vehicles; vehicle modifications to facilitate cooling of brakes; air-cushion vehicles; conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function; control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles; road vehicle drive control systems for purposes not related to the control of a particular sub-unit)

B61 RAILWAYS (railway systems; equipment therefor not otherwise provided for; locomotives; motor railcars; body details or kinds of railway vehicles; rail vehicle suspensions, e.g. underframes, bogies, arrangements of wheel axles; rail vehicles for use on tracks of different width; preventing derailing; wheels guards; obstruction removers or the like; couplings specially adapted for railway vehicles; draught or buffing appliances specially adapted for railway vehicles; brakes or other retarding apparatus peculiar to rail vehicles; arrangements or dis-positions of brakes or other retarding apparatus in rail vehicles; shifting or shunting of rail vehicles; other auxiliary equipment for railways; guiding railway traffic; ensuring the safety of railway traffic)

B62 LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS (hand-propelled vehicles, e.g. hand carts or perambulators; sledges; vehicles drawn by animals; motor vehicles; trailers; cycle stands; supports or holders for parking or storing cycles; appliances preventing or indicating unauthorized use or theft of cycles; locks integral with cycles; devices for learning to ride cycles cycle saddles or seats; accessories peculiar to cycles and not otherwise provided for, e.g. article carriers or cycle protectors; cycles; cycle frames; cycle steering devices; rider-operated terminal controls specially adapted for cycles; cycle axle suspensions; cycle sidecars, fore cars, or the like; brakes specially adapted for cycles; rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles or sledges; powered propulsion of sledges or cycles; transmissions specially adapted for such vehicles)

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B63 SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT (ships or other waterborne vessels; equipment for shipping; launching, hauling-out, or dry-docking of vessels; life-saving in water; equipment for dwelling or working under water; means for salvaging or searching for underwater objects; offensive or defensive arrangements on vessels; mine-laying; mine-sweeping; submarines; aircraft carriers; marine propulsion or steering; auxiliaries on vessels)

B64 AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS (lighter-than-air aircraft; aeroplanes; helicopters; equipment for fitting in or to aircraft; flying suits; parachutes; arrangements or mounting of power plants or propulsion transmissions; ground or aircraft-carrier-deck installations; cosmonautics; vehicles or equipment therefor)

B65 CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL (machines, apparatus or devices for, or methods of, packaging articles or materials; unpacking; labelling or tagging machines, apparatus, or processes; containers for storage or transport of articles or materials, e.g. bags, barrels, bottles, boxes, cans, cartons, crates, drums, jars, tanks, hoppers, forwarding containers; accessories, closures, or fittings therefor; packaging elements; packages; gathering or removal of domestic or like refuse; transport or storage devices, e.g. conveyers for loading or tipping; shop conveyer systems; pneumatic tube conveyers; handling thin or filamentary material, e.g. sheets, webs, cables)

B66 HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING (elevators; escalators or moving walkways; cranes; load-engaging elements or devices for cranes, capstans, winches, or tackles; capstans; winches; tackles, e.g. pulley blocks; hoists; hoisting, lifting, hauling, or pushing, not otherwise provided for, e.g. devices which apply a lifting or pushing force directly to the surface of a load)

B67 OPENING OR CLOSING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING (applying closure members to bottles, jars, or similar containers; opening closed containers; filling with liquids or semiliquids, or emptying, of bottles, jars, cans, casks, barrels, or similar containers, not otherwise provided for; funnels; dispensing, delivering, or transferring liquids, not otherwise provided for)

B68 SADDLERY; UPHOLSTERY (harness; devices used in connection therewith; whips or the like saddles; stirrups; making articles from leather, canvas, or the like; methods, equipment, or machines for use in upholstering; upholstery not otherwise provided for)

B81 MICRO-STRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY (micro-structural devices or systems, e.g. micro-mechanical devices; processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of micro-structural devices or systems)

B82 NANO-TECHNOLOGY (nano-structures formed by manipulation of individual atoms, molecules, or limited collections of atoms or molecules as discrete units; manufacture or treatment thereof; specific uses or applications of nano-structures; measurement or analysis of nano-structures; manufacture or treatment of nano-structures)

B99 SUBJECT MATTER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR IN THIS SECTION

Section C – Chemistry and MetallurgyC01 INORGANIC CHEMISTRY (non-metallic elements; compounds thereof; ammonia; cyanogen; compounds

thereof; compounds of alkali metals, i.e. lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, caesium, or francium; compounds of the metals beryllium, magnesium, aluminium, calcium, strontium, barium, radium, thorium, or of the rare-earth metals; compounds containing metals not covered by subclasses c01d; or c01f)

C02 TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE (treatment of water, waste water, sewage, or sludge)

C03 GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL (manufacture or shaping of glass, or of mineral or slag wool; supplementary processes in the manufacture or shaping of glass, or of mineral or slag wool; chemical composition of glasses, glazes, or vitreous enamels; surface treatment of glass; surface treatment of fibres or filaments from glass, minerals or slags; joining glass to glass or other materials)

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C04 CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES (lime; magnesia; slag; cements; compositions thereof, e.g. mortars, concrete or like building materials; artificial stone; ceramics; refractories; treatment of natural stone)

C05 FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF (phosphatic fertilisers; nitrogenous fertilisers; inorganic fertilisers not covered by subclasses ; c05b, c05c; fertilisers producing carbon dioxideorganic fertilisers not covered by subclasses ; c05b, c05c, e.g. fertilisers from waste or refuse; mixtures of fertilisers covered individually by different subclasses of class ; c05; mixtures of one or more fertilisers with materials not having a specific fertilising activity, e.g. pesticides, soil-conditioners, wetting agents; fertilisers characterized by their form)

C06 EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES (explosive or thermic compositions; manufacture thereof; use of single substances as explosives; detonating or priming devices; fuses; chemical lighters; pyrophoric compositions means for generating smoke or mist; gas-attack compositions; generation of gas for blasting or propulsion; matches; manufacture of matches)

C07 ORGANIC CHEMISTRY (general methods of organic chemistry; apparatus therefor; acyclic or carbocycilc compounds; heterocyclic compounds; acyclic, carbocyclic, or heterocyclic compounds containing elements other than carbon, hydrogen, halogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium; compounds of unknown constitution; sugars; derivatives thereof; nucleosides; nucleotides; nucleic acids; steroids; peptides)

C08 ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON (polysaccharides; derivatives thereof; treatment or chemical modification of rubbers; macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; derivatives of natural macromolecular compounds; working-up; general processes of compounding; after-treatment not covered by subclasses c08b, c08c, c08f, c08g; or c08h; use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients; compositions of macromolecular compounds)

C09 DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR (organic dyes or closely-related compounds for producing dyes; mordants; lakes; treatment of inorganic materials, other than fibrous fillers, to enhance their pigmenting or filling properties; preparation of carbon black coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers; filling pastes; chemical paint or ink removers; inks; correcting fluids; wood stains; pastes or solids for colouring or printing; use of materials therefor; natural resins; french polish; drying-oils; driers (siccatives); turpentine; preparation of glue or gelatine; adhesives; non-mechanical aspects of adhesive processes in general; adhesive processes not provided for elsewhere; use of materials as adhesives; materials for applications not otherwise provided for; applications of materials not otherwise provided for)

C10 PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT (destructive distillation of carbonaceous materials for production of gas, coke, tar, or similar materials; working-up tar, pitch, asphalt, bitumen; pyroligneous acid; drying or working-up of peat; cracking hydrocarbon oils; production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures, e.g. by destructive hydrogenation, oligomerisation, polymerisation; recovery of hydrocarbon oils from oil-shale, oil-sand, or gases; refining mixtures mainly consisting of hydrocarbons; reforming of naphtha; mineral waxes; production of acetylene by wet methods; production of producer gas, water-gas, synthesis gas from solid carbonaceous material, or mixtures containing these gases; carburetting air or other gasespurifying or modifying the chemical composition of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide; fuels not otherwise provided for; natural gas; synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclasses ; c10g; or c10k; liquefied petroleum gas; use of additives to fuels or fires; fire-lighters; lubricating compositions; use of chemical substances either alone or as lubricating ingredients in a lubricating composition)

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C11 ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES (producing, e.g. by pressing raw materials or by extraction from waste materials, refining or preserving fats, fatty substances, e.g. lanolin, fatty oils or waxes; essential oils; perfumes; fatty acids from fats, oils or waxes; candles; fats, oils or fatty acids by chemical modification of fats, oils, or fatty acids obtained therefrom; detergent compositions; use of single substances as detergents; soap or soap-making; resin soaps; recovery of glycerol)

C12 BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING (brewing of beer; recovery of by-products of fermented solutions; denaturing of, or denatured, alcoholwine; other alcoholic beverages; preparation thereof; pasteurisation, sterilization, preservation, purification, clarification, ageing of alcoholic beverages or removal of alcohol therefrom; vinegar; its preparation; pitching or depitching machines; cellar tools; apparatus for enzymology or microbiology; micro-organisms or enzymes; compositions thereof; propagating, preserving, or maintaining micro-organisms; mutation or genetic engineering; culture media; fermentation or enzyme-using processes to synthesise a desired chemical compound or composition or to separate optical isomers from a racemic mixture; measuring or testing processes involving enzymes or micro-organisms; compositions or test papers therefor; processes of preparing such compositions; condition-responsive control in microbiological or enzymological processes; relating to micro-organisms; processes using enzymes or micro-organisms to liberate, separate or purify a pre-existing compound or composition; processes using enzymes or micro-organisms to treat textiles or to clean solid surfaces of materials)

C13 SUGAR INDUSTRY (production of sucrose; apparatus specially adapted therefor; saccharides, other than sucrose, obtained from natural sources or by hydrolysis of naturally occurring di-, oligo- or polysaccharides)

C14 SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER (mechanical treatment or processing of skins, hides, or leather in general; pelt-shearing machines; intestine-splitting machines; chemical treatment of skins, hides or leather, e.g. tanning, impregnating, finishing; apparatus therefor; compositions for tanning)

C21 METALLURGY OF IRON (manufacture of iron or steel; processing of pig-iron, e.g. refining, manufacture of wrought-iron or steel; treatment in molten state of ferrous alloysmodifying the physical structure of ferrous metals; general devices for heat treatment of ferrous or non-ferrous metals or alloys; making metal malleable by decarburisation, tempering, or other treatments)

C22 METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS (production or refining of metals ; pretreatment of raw materials; alloys; changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or non-ferrous alloys)

C23 COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL (coating metallic material; coating material with metallic material; surface treatment of metallic material by diffusion into the surface, by chemical conversion or substitution; coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering, by ion implantation or by chemical vapour deposition, in general; enamelling of, or applying a vitreous layer to, metals; non-mechanical removal of metallic material from surfaces; inhibiting corrosion of metallic material; inhibiting incrustation in general; multi-step processes for surface treatment of metallic material involving at least one process provided for in class c23; and at least one process covered by subclass c21d; or c22f; or class c25; cleaning or de-greasing of metallic material by chemical methods other than electrolysis)

C25 ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR (electrolytic or electrophoretic processes for the production of compounds or non- metals; apparatus therefor; processes for the electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals; apparatus therefor; processes for the electrolytic or electrophoretic production of coatings; electroforming; joining workpieces by electrolysis; apparatus therefor; processes for the electrolytic removal of materials from objects; apparatus therefor)

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C30 CRYSTAL GROWTH (single-crystal growth; unidirectional solidification of eutectic material or unidirectional demixing of eutectoid material; refining by zone-melting of material; production of a homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure; single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure; after-treatment of single crystals or a homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure; apparatus therefor)

C40 COMBINATORIAL TECHNOLOGY (combinatorial chemistry; libraries, e.g. chemical libraries, ; in silico libraries)

Section D – Textiles and PaperD01 NATURAL OR ARTIFICIAL THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING (mechanical treatment of natural fibrous or

filamentary material to obtain fibres or filaments, e.g. for spinning; chemical treatment of natural filamentary or fibrous material to obtain filaments or fibres for spinning; carbonising rags to recover animal fibres; mechanical methods or apparatus in the manufacture of artificial filaments, threads, fibres, bristles, or ribbons; chemical features in the manufacture of artificial filaments, threads, fibres, bristles, or ribbons; apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments; preliminary treatment of fibres, e.g. for spinning; spinning or twisting)

D02 YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING (crimping or curling fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads; yarns or threads; warping, beaming, or leasing; finishing or dressing of filaments, yarns, threads, cords, ropes, or the like)

D03 WEAVING (shedding mechanisms; pattern cards or chains; punching of cards; designing patterns; woven fabrics; methods of weaving; looms; auxiliary weaving apparatus; weavers' tools; shuttles)

D04 BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS (knitting; braiding or manufacture of lace, including bobbin-net or carbonised lace; braiding machines; braid; lace; trimmings; ribbons, tapes, or bands, not otherwise provided for; making nets by knotting of filamentary material; making knotted carpets or tapestries; knotting not otherwise provided for; making textile fabrics, e.g. from fibres or filamentary material; fabrics made by such processes or apparatus, e.g. felts, non-woven fabrics; cotton-wool; wadding)

D05 SEWING; EMBROIDERING; TUFTING (sewing; embroidering; tufting)D06 TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR

(treating textile materials by liquids, gases, or vapours; finishing, dressing, tentering, or stretching textile fabrics; laundering, drying, ironing, pressing or folding textile articles; mechanical or pressure cleaning of carpets, rugs, sacks, hides, or other skin or textile articles or fabrics; turning inside-out flexible tubular or other hollow articles; marking, inspecting, seaming, or severing textile materials; pleating, kilting, or goffering textile fabrics or wearing apparel; bleaching, e.g. optical bleaching, dry-cleaning, or washing fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers, or made-up fibrous goods; bleaching leather or furs; treatment, not provided for elsewhere in class d06, of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers, or fibrous goods made from such materials; wall, floor, or like covering materials, e.g. linoleum, oilcloth, artificial leather, roofing felt, consisting of a fibrous web coated with a layer of macromolecular material; flexible sheet material not otherwise provided for; dyeing or printing textiles; dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form; decorating textiles)

D07 ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC (ropes or cables in general)D21 PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE (fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment;

production of cellulose by removing non-cellulose substances from cellulose- containing materials; regeneration of pulping liquors; apparatus therefor; treatment of the materials before passing to the paper-making machine; paper-making machines; methods of producing paper thereon; calenders; accessories for paper-making machines; pulp compositions; preparation thereof not covered by subclasses ; d21c, d21d; impregnating or coating of paper; treatment of finished paper not covered by class ; b31; or subclass d21g; paper not otherwise provided forfibreboard; manufacture of articles from cellulosic fibrous suspensions or from papier-mâché)

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Section E – Fixed ConstructionsE01 CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES (permanent way; permanent-way tools; machines for

making railways of all kinds; construction of, or surfaces for, roads, sports grounds, or the like; machines or auxiliary tools for construction or repair; bridges; additional work, such as equipping roads or the construction of platforms, helicopter landing stages, signs, snow fences, or the likestreet cleaning; cleaning of permanent ways; cleaning beaches; cleaning land; dispersing fog in general)

E02 HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL-SHIFTING (hydraulic engineering; ship-lifting devices or mechanisms; foundations; excavations; embankments; underground or underwater structures; dredging; soil-shifting)

E03 WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAG (Einstallations or methods for obtaining, collecting, or distributing water; domestic plumbing installations for fresh water or waste water; sinkswater-closets or urinals with flushing devices; flushing valves therefor; sewers; cesspools)

E04 BUILDING (general building constructions; walls, e.g. partitions; roofs; floors; ceilings; insulation or other protection of buildings; structural elements; building materials; roof coverings; sky-lights; gutters; roof-working tools; finishing work on buildings, e.g. stairs, floors; scaffolding; forms; shuttering; building implements or other building aids, or their use; handling building materials on the site; repairing, breaking-up or other work on existing buildings; buildings or like structures for particular purposes; swimming or splash baths or pools; masts; fencing; tents or canopies, in general)

E05 LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES (locks; accessories therefor; handcuffs; bolts or fastening devices for wings, specially for doors or windows; hinges or other suspension devices for doors, windows, or wings; devices for moving wings into open or closed position; checks for wings; wing fittings not otherwise provided for, concerned with the functioning of the wingsafes or strong-rooms for valuables; bank protection devices; safety transaction partitions)

E06 DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS, IN GENERAL; LADDERS (fixed or movable closures for openings in buildings, vehicles, fences, or like enclosures, in general, e.g. doors, windows, blinds, gates; ladders)

E21 EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING (earth or rock drilling; obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells; mining or quarrying; shafts; tunnels; galleries; large underground chambers; safety devices, transport, filling-up, rescue, ventilation, or drainage in or of mines or tunnels)

Section F – Mechanical Engineering, Lighting, Heating, Weapons and BlastingF01 MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES (machines or engines, in

general or of positive-displacement type, e.g. steam engines; rotary-piston or oscillating-piston machines or engines; non-positive-displacement machines or engines, e.g. steam turbines; steam engine plants; steam accumulators; engine plants not otherwise provided for; engines using special working fluids or cycles; cyclically operating valves for machines or engines (valves in general f16k)lubricating of machines or engines in general; lubricating internal-combustion engines; crankcase ventilating; gas-flow silencers or exhaust apparatus for machines or engines in general; gas-flow silencers or exhaust apparatus for internal-combustion engines; cooling of machines or engines in general; cooling of internal-combustion engines)

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F02 COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS (internal-combustion piston engines; combustion engines in general; gas-turbine plants; air intakes for jet-propulsion plants; controlling fuel supply in air-breathing jet-propulsion plants; controlling combustion engines; cylinders, pistons, or casings for combustion engines; arrangements of sealings in combustion engines; hot-gas or combustion-product positive-displacement engine plants; use of waste heat of combustion engines, not otherwise provided forjet-propulsion plants; supplying combustion engines in general with combustible mixtures or constituents thereof; starting of combustion engines; starting aids for such engines, not otherwise provided forignition, other than compression ignition, for internal-combustion engines; testing of ignition timing in compression-ignition engines)

F03 MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR (machines or engines for liquids; positive-displacement engines driven by liquids; wind motorsspring, weight, inertia, or like motors; mechanical-power-producing devices or mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for; producing a reactive propulsive thrust, not otherwise provided for)

F04 POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS (positive-displacement machines for liquids; pumps; rotary-piston, or oscillating-piston, positive-displacement machines for liquids; rotary-piston, or oscillating-piston, positive-displacement pumps; non-positive-displacement pumps pumping of fluid by direct contact of another fluid or by using inertia of fluid to be pumped; siphons)

F15 FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL (systems acting by means of fluids in general; fluid-pressure actuators, e.g. servomotors; details of fluid-pressure systems, not otherwise provided for; fluid-circuit elements predominantly used for computing or control purposes; fluid dynamics, i.e. methods or means for influencing the flow of gases or liquids)

F16 ENGINEERING ELEMENTS OR UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL (devices for fastening or securing constructional elements or machine parts together, e.g. nails, bolts, circlips, clamps, clips or wedges; joints or jointing; shafts; flexible shafts; mechanical means for transmitting movement in a flexible sheathing; elements of crankshaft mechanisms; pivots; pivotal connections; rotary engineering elements other than gearing, coupling, clutch or brake elements; bearings; couplings for transmitting rotation; clutches; brakes; springs; shock-absorbers; means for damping vibration; belts, cables, or ropes, predominantly used for driving purposes; chains; fittings predominantly used therefor; gearing; pistons; cylinders; pressure vessels in general; sealings; valves; taps; cocks; actuating-floats; devices for venting or aerating; pipes; joints or fittings for pipes; supports for pipes, cables or protective tubing; means for thermal insulation in general; frames, casings, or beds, of engines or other machines or apparatus, not specific to an engine, machine, or apparatus provided for elsewhere; stands or supports; lubricating; safety devices in general; constructional elements in general; structures built-up from such elements, in general; steam traps or like apparatus for draining-off liquids from enclosures predominantly containing gases or vapours)

F17 STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS (gas-holders of variable capacity; vessels for containing or storing compressed, liquefied, or solidified gases; fixed-capacity gas-holders; filling vessels with, or discharging from vessels, compressed, liquefied, or solidified gases; pipe-line systems; pipe-lines)

F21 LIGHTING (incandescent mantles; other incandescent bodies heated by combustion; light sources not otherwise provided forlighting devices or systems thereof, being portable or specially adapted for transportation; non-portable lighting devices or systems thereof; functional features or details of lighting devices or systems thereof; structural combinations of lighting devices with other articles, not otherwise provided for)

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F22 STEAM GENERATION (methods of steam generation; steam boilers; preheating, or accumulating preheated, feed-water; feed-water supply; controlling water level; auxiliary devices for promoting water circulation within boilers; superheating of steam)

F23 COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES (burners; cremation furnaces; consuming waste or low grade fuels by combustiongrates; cleaning or raking grates; removal or treatment of combustion products or combustion residues; flues; feeding fuel to combustion apparatus; air supply; draught-inducing; supplying non-combustible liquid or gas; constructional details of combustion chambers, not otherwise provided for; regulating or controlling combustion; ignition; extinguishing devices; generating combustion products of high pressure or high velocity, e.g. gas-turbine combustion chambers)

F24 HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING (domestic stoves or ranges for solid fuels; implements for use in connection with stoves or rangesother domestic stoves or ranges; details of domestic stoves or ranges, of general application; domestic- or space-heating systems, e.g. central heating systems; domestic hot-water supply systems; elements or components therefor; air-conditioning; air-humidification; ventilation; use of air currents for screening; fluid heaters, e.g. water or air heaters, having heat-generating means, in general; production or use of heat not otherwise provided for)

F25 REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION OR SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES (refrigeration machines, plants, or systems; combined heating and refrigeration systems; heat pump systems; production, working, storing or distribution of ice; refrigerators; cold rooms; ice-boxes; cooling or freezing apparatus not covered by any other subclass; liquefaction, solidification, or separation of gases or gaseous mixtures by pressure and cold treatment)

F26 DRYING (drying solid materials or objects by removing liquid therefrom)F27 FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS (furnaces, kilns, ovens, or retorts in general; open sintering or like

apparatus; details or accessories of furnaces, kilns, ovens, or retorts, in so far as they are of kinds occurring in more than one kind of furnace)

F28 HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL (heat-exchange apparatus, not provided for in another subclass, in which the heat-exchange media come into direct contact without chemical interaction; heat-exchange apparatus, not provided for in another subclass, in which the heat-exchange media do not come into direct contact; heat storage plants or apparatus in general; details of heat-exchange or heat-transfer apparatus, of general application; cleaning of internal or external surfaces of heat-exchange or heat-transfer conduits, e.g. water tubes of boilers)

F41 WEAPONS (functional features or details common to both smallarms and ordnance, e.g. cannons; mountings for smallarms or ordnance; weapons for projecting missiles without use of explosive or combustible propellant charge; weapons not otherwise provided for; smallarms, e.g. pistols, rifles; accessories therefor; apparatus for launching projectiles or missiles from barrels, e.g. cannons; launchers for rockets or torpedoes; harpoon guns; weapon sights; aiming; armour; armoured turrets; armoured or armed vehicles; means of attack or defence, e.g. camouflage, in generaltargets; target ranges; bullet catchers)

F42 AMMUNITION; BLASTING (explosive charges, e.g. for blasting; fireworks; ammunition; ammunition fuzes; arming or safety means therefor; blasting)

Section G – Physics

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G01 MEASURING; TESTING (measuring length, thickness or similar linear dimensions; measuring angles; measuring areas; measuring irregularities of surfaces or contours; measuring distances, levels or bearings; surveying; navigation; gyroscopic instruments; photogrammetry or videogrammetry; measuring not specially adapted for a specific variable; arrangements for measuring two or more variables not covered by a single other subclass; tariff metering apparatus; measuring or testing not otherwise provided for; measuring volume, volume flow, mass flow, or liquid level; metering by volume; weighing; measurement of mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; measurement of intensity, velocity, spectral content, polarisation, phase or pulse characteristics of infra-red, visible or ultra-violet light; colorimetry; radiation pyrometry; measuring temperature; measuring quantity of heat; thermally-sensitive elements not otherwise provided for; measuring force, stress, torque, work, mechanical power, mechanical efficiency, or fluid pressure; testing static or dynamic balance of machines or structures; testing of structures or apparatus, not otherwise provided for; investigating or analysing materials by determining their chemical or physical properties; measuring linear or angular speed, acceleration, deceleration, or shock; indicating presence, absence, or direction, of movement; scanning-probe techniques or apparatus; applications of scanning-probe techniques, e.g. scanning-probe microscopy [spm]; measuring electric variables; measuring magnetic variables; radio direction-finding; radio navigation; determining distance or velocity by use of radio waves; locating or presence-detecting by use of the reflection or reradiation of radio waves; analogous arrangements using other waves; measurement of nuclear or x-radiation; geophysics; gravitational measurements; detecting masses or objects; tags; meteorology)

G02 OPTICS (optical elements, systems, or apparatus; spectacles; sunglasses or goggles insofar as they have the same features as spectacles; contact lenses; devices or arrangements, the optical operation of which is modified by changing the optical properties of the medium of the devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating; techniques or procedures for the operation thereof; frequency-changing; non-linear optics; optical logic elements; optical analogue/digital converters)

G03 PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY (apparatus or arrangements for taking photographs or for projecting or viewing them; apparatus or arrangements employing analogous techniques using waves other than optical waves; accessories therefor; photosensitive materials for photographic purposes; photographic processes, e.g. cine, x-ray, colour, stereo-photographic processes; auxiliary processes in photography; apparatus for processing exposed photographic materials; accessories therefor; photomechanical production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. for printing, for processing of semiconductor devices; materials therefor; originals therefor; apparatus specially adapted therefor; electrography; electrophotography; magnetography; holographic processes or apparatus)

G04 HOROLOGY (mechanically-driven clocks or watches; mechanical parts of clocks or watches in general; time-pieces using the position of the sun, moon, or stars; electromechanical clocks or watches; apparatus or tools specially designed for making or maintaining clocks or watches; time-interval measuring; electronic time-pieces)

G05 CONTROLLING; REGULATING (control or regulating systems in general; functional elements of such systems; monitoring or testing arrangements for such systems or elements; systems for controlling or regulating non-electric variables; systems for regulating electric or magnetic variables; control devices or systems insofar as characterized by mechanical features only)

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G06 COMPUTING; CALCULATING; COUNTING (digital computers in which all the computation is effected mechanically; digital fluid-pressure computing devices; optical computing devices; electric digital data processing; analogue computers; hybrid computing arrangements; recognition of data; presentation of data; record carriers; handling record carriers; counting mechanisms; counting of objects not otherwise provided for; computer systems based on specific computational models; data processing systems or methods, specially adapted for administrative, commercial, financial, managerial, supervisory or forecasting purposes; systems or methods specially adapted for administrative, commercial, financial, managerial, supervisory or forecasting purposes, not otherwise provided forimage data processing or generation, in general)

G07 CHECKING-DEVICES (ticket-issuing apparatus; taximeters; arrangements or apparatus for collecting fares, tolls or entrance fees at one or more control points; franking apparatus; time or attendance registers; registering or indicating the working of machines; generating random numbers; voting or lottery apparatus; arrangements, systems, or apparatus for checking not provided for elsewhere; handling of coins or of paper currency or similar valuable papers, e.g. testing, sorting by denominations, counting, dispensing, changing or depositing; coin-freed or like apparatus; registering the receipt of cash, valuables, or tokens)

G08 SIGNALLING (signalling or calling systems; order telegraphs; alarm systems; transmission systems for measured values, control or similar signals; traffic control systems)

G09 EDUCATING; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS (educational or demonstration appliances; appliances for teaching, or communicating with, the blind, deaf or mute; models; planetaria; globes; maps; diagrams; ciphering or deciphering apparatus for cryptographic or other purposes involving the need for secrecy; railway or like time or fare tables; perpetual calendars; displaying; advertising; signs; labels or name-plates; seals; arrangements or circuits for control of indicating devices using static means to present variable information)

G10 MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS (organs; harmoniums or like wind-actuated musical instruments; pianos, harpsichords, spinets or similar stringed musical instruments with one or more keyboards; stringed musical instruments; wind-actuated musical instruments; accordions or concertinas; percussion musical instruments; musical instruments not otherwise provided for; automatic musical instruments; aids for music; supports for musical instruments; other auxiliary devices or accessories for music or musical instruments; electrophonic musical instruments; instruments in which the tones are generated by electromechanical means or electronic generators, or in which the tones are synthesised from a data storesound-producing devices; methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general; acoustics not otherwise provided forspeech analysis or synthesis; speech recognition; audio analysis or processing)

G11 INFORMATION STORAGE (information storage based on relative movement between record carrier and transducer; static stores)

G12 INSTRUMENT DETAILS (details of instruments, or comparable details of other apparatus, not otherwise provided for)

G21 NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING (fusion reactors; nuclear reactors; nuclear power plant; protection against x-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation or particle bombardment; treating radioactively contaminated material; decontamination arrangements therefor; conversion of chemical elements; radioactive sources; obtaining energy from radioactive sources; applications of radiation from radioactive sources; utilising cosmic radiation; nuclear explosives; applications thereof; techniques for handling particles or electromagnetic radiation not otherwise provided for; irradiation devices; gamma- or x-ray microscopes)

Section H – Electricity

19

H01 BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS (cables; conductors; insulators; selection of materials for their conductive, insulating, or dielectric properties; resistors; magnets; inductances; transformers; selection of materials for their magnetic properties; capacitors; capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices of the electrolytic type; electric switches; relays; selectors; emergency protective devices; electric discharge tubes or discharge lamps; electric incandescent lamps; semiconductor devices; electric solid state devices not otherwise provided for; processes or means, e.g. batteries, for the direct conversion of chemical energy into electrical energy; waveguides; resonators, lines or other devices of the waveguide type; aerials; electrically-conductive connections; structural associations of a plurality of mutually-insulated electrical connecting elements; coupling devices; current collectors; devices using stimulated emission; spark gaps; overvoltage arresters using spark gaps; sparking plugs; corona devices; generating ions to be introduced into non-enclosed gases)

H02 GENERATION, CONVERSION, OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER (boards, substations, or switching arrangements for the supply or distribution of electric power; installation of electric cables or lines, or of combined optical and electric cables or lines; emergency protective circuit arrangements; circuit arrangements or systems for supplying or distributing electric power; systems for storing electric energy; dynamo-electric machines; apparatus for conversion between ac and ac, between ac and dc, or between dc and dc, and for use with mains or similar power supply systems; conversion of dc or ac input power into surge output power; control or regulation thereof; electric machines not otherwise provided for; control or regulation of electric motors, generators, or dynamo-electric converters; controlling transformers, reactors or choke coils)

H03 BASIC ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY (generation of oscillations, directly or by frequency-changing, by circuits employing active elements which operate in a non-switching manner; generation of noise by such circuits; demodulation or transference of modulation from one carrier to another; amplifiers; control of amplification; impedance networks, e.g. resonant circuits; resonators; tuning resonant circuits; selecting resonant circuits; pulse technique; automatic control, starting, synchronisation, or stabilisation of generators of electronic oscillations or pulses; coding, decoding or code conversion, in general)

H04 ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE (transmission; broadcast communication; multiplex communication; secret communication; jamming of communication; transmission of digital information, e.g. telegraphic communication; telephonic communication; pictorial communication, e.g. television; selecting; loudspeakers, microphones, gramophone pick-ups or like acoustic electromechanical transducers; deaf-aid sets; public address systems; stereophonic systems; wireless communication networks)

H05 ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR (electric heating; electric lighting not otherwise provided for; electric circuits or apparatus specially designed for use in equipment for killing, stunning, enclosing or guiding living beings; static electricity; naturally-occurring electricity; x-ray technique; plasma technique; production of accelerated electrically- charged particles or of neutrons; production or acceleration of neutral molecular or atomic beams; printed circuits; casings or constructional details of electric apparatus; manufacture of assemblages of electrical components)

20

Supplementary Material: Table IIIAbsolute counts of Nanotechnology search term "hits" by IPC Subclass (primary and secondary) - PEN

products categorized by handUSPTO Applications USPTO

GrantsWIPO Docs

USPTO Grants - NPs only

PEN Product

s

Year 2001-05

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010-11

TOTAL 2000-11 2001-11

2000-11 2006-11

Patent Count

16733 5682 6175 6831 7571 10892 53884 27145 21408 10238 1317

A01B 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1A01C 4 2 0 3 1 0 10 1 1 0 0A01D 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0A01F 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0A01G 1 4 3 1 0 4 13 3 8 4 2A01H 1 3 1 1 2 3 11 0 6 2 0A01J 1 0 0 1 0 0 2 4 1 3 0A01K 5 4 5 3 4 5 26 8 19 4 16A01L 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0A01M 1 1 0 4 0 1 7 2 2 1 3A01N 76 12 20 32 36 63 239 139 166 122 13A01P 1 0 1 17 15 32 66 0 20 0 0A21B 1 0 0 0 1 1 3 2 0 1 0A21C 1 0 1 0 0 0 2 0 1 0 0A21D 2 1 1 0 1 0 5 0 2 0 0A22B 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0A22C 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0A23B 2 1 1 0 0 0 4 0 1 0 0A23C 1 2 0 1 3 0 7 2 3 1 0A23D 1 0 0 2 2 1 6 0 4 0 1A23F 1 0 0 0 3 0 4 0 1 0 0A23G 1 0 1 0 1 2 5 4 5 4 0A23J 4 0 3 0 1 0 8 3 1 1 0A23K 8 2 0 4 0 1 15 4 6 2 0A23L 31 7 1 12 10 13 74 32 48 20 16A23N 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0A23P 2 0 0 0 0 1 3 3 3 2 0A24B 37 5 3 0 4 4 53 27 30 26 0A24C 4 2 0 1 1 2 10 3 4 3 0A24D 30 6 6 3 3 3 51 19 31 18 1A24F 8 3 0 1 1 3 16 3 9 3 0A41B 1 0 0 1 0 1 3 1 0 0 25A41C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0A41D 6 1 1 7 2 11 28 8 30 3 111A41F 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0A41G 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 2

21

A41H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0A42B 0 1 0 0 1 1 3 1 2 0 11A42C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0A43B 0 2 0 1 1 3 7 0 8 1 33A43C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1A43D 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2A44B 4 1 0 2 0 1 8 7 6 4 0A44C 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 2 4 0 1A45B 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5A45C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 1 9A45D 11 1 1 0 0 0 13 7 7 6 89A45F 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3A46B 3 1 0 0 1 1 6 6 2 5 9A46D 4 0 0 0 0 0 4 6 3 6 0A47B 1 1 0 0 0 0 2 1 2 0 4A47C 1 0 1 1 0 0 3 2 4 2 6A47D 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3A47F 2 0 0 0 0 1 3 2 0 1 0A47G 7 1 3 2 0 0 13 11 7 3 19A47H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4A47J 6 6 4 3 1 1 21 4 1 5 14A47K 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 2 1 2 27A47L 7 0 0 0 2 0 9 4 11 2 40A61B 166 58 64 86 105 131 610 208 374 121 3A61C 32 12 12 16 20 18 110 42 50 12 9A61D 0 0 0 1 0 1 2 0 3 0 0A61F 181 91 100 111 131 155 769 216 400 128 26A61G 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 5 1 0A61H 2 5 1 1 0 4 13 3 7 3 1A61J 13 3 1 3 2 4 26 10 21 8 147A61K 999 396 398 540 616 965 3914 908 2676 705 257A61L 319 51 53 59 41 45 568 267 605 152 419A61M 68 25 41 39 51 72 296 88 196 62 1A61N 92 39 42 35 52 85 345 102 196 71 3A61P 144 45 31 249 241 594 1304 121 603 95 32A61Q 202 24 33 44 42 75 420 176 213 120 217A62B 5 0 5 3 5 5 23 7 10 7 2A62C 14 1 0 2 1 1 19 16 2 10 0A62D 7 3 7 4 3 7 31 22 26 18 13A63B 28 9 11 9 19 9 85 52 21 37 50A63C 1 0 0 1 1 0 3 1 1 1 4A63D 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1A63F 0 0 0 3 1 3 7 1 7 0 0A63G 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0A63H 1 1 0 0 1 0 3 1 1 1 6A63J 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0A63K 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

22

A99Z 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0B01B 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0B01D 253 80 86 105 120 162 806 405 522 230 40B01F 39 9 20 36 18 14 136 79 98 73 1B01J 822 162 168 241 292 413 2098 1109 1060 709 55B01L 120 23 16 20 14 13 206 96 139 46 0B02B 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 1 2 0B02C 9 3 5 8 7 10 42 26 21 14 0B03B 3 0 0 1 2 5 11 4 5 4 0B03C 28 6 10 16 4 9 73 36 49 26 26B03D 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 3 2 0B04B 0 0 0 2 0 0 2 0 2 0 0B04C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0B05B 29 11 7 10 21 16 94 45 24 33 26B05C 13 5 11 19 39 61 148 21 18 14 14B05D 344 246 305 563 745 1117 3320 665 370 385 47B06B 6 1 2 10 12 20 51 10 7 5 0B07B 4 1 1 2 0 6 14 5 2 3 0B07C 7 0 0 1 3 4 15 5 1 4 0B08B 56 14 15 6 11 9 111 51 29 29 288B09B 1 1 3 1 0 2 8 2 4 2 0B09C 21 1 1 1 1 5 30 13 11 7 0B21B 4 1 0 1 1 1 8 2 3 1 0B21C 8 1 0 1 1 2 13 12 11 4 1B21D 1 6 4 5 6 15 37 10 6 4 0B21F 2 0 0 0 1 1 4 1 1 1 0B21G 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0B21H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0B21J 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0B21K 1 1 0 3 3 1 9 5 1 2 0B21L 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0B22C 6 0 1 1 3 2 13 9 5 6 1B22D 11 3 8 3 6 12 43 24 10 16 0B22F 236 57 74 73 71 112 623 368 280 238 0B23B 11 5 1 7 8 10 42 34 27 3 0B23C 7 3 1 2 2 3 18 13 5 0 0B23D 3 0 1 1 0 0 5 4 0 0 0B23F 2 1 1 0 0 0 4 1 1 0 0B23G 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0B23H 9 4 7 2 3 2 27 16 7 11 0B23K 60 26 15 33 32 41 207 119 66 53 1B23P 8 2 5 11 18 35 79 29 4 11 0B23Q 3 2 3 0 1 1 10 5 6 2 0B24B 80 10 15 17 14 24 160 99 41 18 2B24C 0 1 0 0 0 1 2 5 4 1 0B24D 23 5 10 4 1 11 54 28 22 14 0B25B 4 0 0 0 0 0 4 3 4 4 0

23

B25C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0B25D 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0B25F 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0B25G 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0B25H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0B25J 10 1 0 0 1 1 13 13 5 9 0B26B 2 0 1 1 2 1 7 3 6 0 0B26D 2 0 2 2 5 4 15 0 3 0 0B26F 2 0 0 0 0 1 3 0 1 0 0B27B 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1B27C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1B27D 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0B27F 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0B27G 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0B27H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0B27J 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0B27K 2 0 1 0 0 0 3 2 4 2 15B27L 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0B27M 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0B27N 2 2 2 0 2 5 13 14 2 14 0B28B 16 15 12 25 25 33 126 51 27 24 1B28C 0 0 0 1 0 1 2 1 3 1 1B28D 5 1 0 1 3 0 10 11 3 2 4B29B 23 9 19 13 14 38 116 49 35 48 0B29C 296 74 74 138 186 320 1088 372 274 185 74B29D 86 20 12 38 40 72 268 106 67 36 0B29K 34 5 1 0 3 0 43 40 30 9 70B29L 36 4 1 0 2 0 43 41 29 8 0B30B 1 0 0 0 1 0 2 1 0 0 0B31B 0 4 3 3 0 1 11 3 3 3 0B31C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0B31D 2 1 2 3 2 0 10 12 3 7 1B31F 1 0 0 0 0 1 2 3 5 0 0B32B 716 470 486 758 1055 1519 5004 1682 711 620 20B41B 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0B41C 34 5 1 2 0 0 42 55 24 7 0B41D 0 1 0 0 1 0 2 0 0 0 0B41F 5 3 3 7 5 5 28 4 5 3 0B41G 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0B41J 115 33 30 38 24 34 274 186 57 52 0B41K 1 2 0 0 0 1 4 3 1 0 0B41L 0 0 2 1 0 0 3 1 1 0 0B41M 206 33 24 24 20 16 323 255 139 49 1B41N 21 4 4 4 3 2 38 28 11 4 0B42B 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0B42C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0B42D 14 5 2 5 7 12 45 22 31 6 0

24

B42F 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0B43K 4 0 0 0 0 1 5 2 1 0 1B43L 2 0 1 0 0 1 4 2 2 0 0B43M 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0B44B 2 0 0 0 1 0 3 1 0 0 0B44C 26 24 24 30 71 76 251 85 15 21 0B44D 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0B44F 10 2 3 4 3 10 32 23 7 4 0B60B 0 0 2 0 1 1 4 1 2 0 12B60C 30 16 20 7 16 10 99 54 59 36 11B60D 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0B60F 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0B60G 0 0 1 0 0 1 2 0 0 0 0B60H 2 1 0 0 0 3 6 1 3 0 4B60J 12 1 1 0 1 1 16 16 6 5 3B60K 7 2 1 3 2 4 19 6 8 6 5B60L 6 2 1 3 0 3 15 6 2 6 0B60M 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0B60N 2 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 1 1 3B60P 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0B60Q 5 4 0 1 2 3 15 8 4 0 0B60R 22 8 5 8 2 5 50 40 10 14 8B60S 7 1 0 0 0 2 10 4 5 1 103B60T 2 1 0 0 0 1 4 3 1 1 0B60V 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0B60W 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0B61B 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0B61C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0B61D 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0B61F 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0B61G 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0B61H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0B61J 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0B61K 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0B61L 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0B62B 1 0 1 0 0 0 2 1 1 1 0B62C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0B62D 4 1 3 0 2 1 11 8 2 3 0B62H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0B62J 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 3B62K 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 33B62L 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0B62M 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0B63B 5 0 0 3 0 0 8 7 6 2 15B63C 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 2 0 0B63G 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0B63H 3 0 0 0 1 1 5 3 1 2 1

25

B63J 2 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 1 1 0B64B 0 0 0 2 0 0 2 1 3 1 0B64C 4 0 1 2 2 4 13 5 12 3 1B64D 7 1 1 2 1 3 15 5 16 3 1B64F 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0B64G 11 1 1 2 1 5 21 12 6 8 0B65B 7 9 1 2 7 9 35 9 8 8 0B65C 1 1 1 0 0 5 8 0 4 0 0B65D 78 15 13 12 13 25 156 80 80 39 15B65F 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0B65G 3 1 1 5 1 5 16 6 4 4 0B65H 8 1 0 2 0 6 17 9 4 1 0B66B 0 0 1 0 0 1 2 0 1 0 0B66C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0B66D 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0B66F 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0B67B 1 1 0 0 0 0 2 1 0 0 0B67C 2 0 0 0 0 0 2 1 1 1 0B67D 1 2 2 1 0 1 7 4 0 2 0B68B 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0B68C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0B68F 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0B68G 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0B81B 152 10 14 10 10 14 210 156 129 79 0B81C 109 21 18 9 14 11 182 119 121 44 0B82B 445 49 54 87 105 73 813 586 839 501 0B82Y 0 0 0 0 0 240 240 0 0 0 0B99Z 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0C01B 916 187 217 224 169 284 1997 1261 1217 926 2C01C 5 0 2 1 2 3 13 9 7 7 0C01D 3 1 0 4 2 5 15 10 4 6 0C01F 114 22 20 33 31 41 261 163 118 87 0C01G 274 64 43 48 58 98 585 394 295 223 1C02F 110 24 18 21 28 48 249 116 137 77 17C03B 57 20 20 18 19 22 156 81 65 19 0C03C 405 75 70 44 41 77 712 563 328 86 46C04B 336 78 69 53 56 97 689 490 294 212 111C05B 0 1 0 0 1 0 2 0 0 0 0C05C 0 0 0 0 1 1 2 0 0 0 0C05D 6 0 0 0 1 2 9 0 5 0 1C05F 5 0 1 0 1 1 8 1 0 1 0C05G 3 0 0 0 0 0 3 2 4 2 0C06B 11 5 3 1 4 11 35 14 14 12 0C06C 2 2 1 0 0 2 7 1 5 0 0C06D 3 1 0 0 1 1 6 3 4 2 0C06F 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0C07B 73 6 2 5 4 1 91 92 40 53 0

26

C07C 149 31 37 85 72 150 524 239 184 128 0C07D 120 31 36 66 51 129 433 173 184 103 0C07F 84 25 28 47 62 117 363 118 146 75 0C07G 3 0 0 2 2 0 7 5 0 3 0C07H 116 25 39 58 64 155 457 162 146 139 1C07J 6 0 2 6 1 5 20 3 7 3 0C07K 131 68 59 82 110 245 695 154 449 118 0C08B 16 6 11 5 21 39 98 30 46 14 0C08C 4 1 1 3 2 2 13 18 8 11 0C08F 243 55 72 86 103 188 747 402 363 245 0C08G 246 74 74 118 104 154 770 354 401 205 0C08H 3 0 0 0 1 1 5 3 2 2 0C08J 354 71 81 67 63 96 732 471 612 216 11C08K 513 182 165 207 227 335 1629 785 889 512 76C08L 422 96 110 138 150 246 1162 580 770 335 0C09B 60 7 10 13 11 16 117 96 56 45 1C09C 217 52 43 40 29 36 417 313 250 169 51C09D 358 76 78 89 103 160 864 506 562 256 228C09F 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0C09G 52 3 5 3 4 0 67 59 30 6 29C09H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0C09J 81 19 14 13 14 30 171 84 81 40 4C09K 467 123 159 163 216 330 1458 747 496 296 10C10B 3 0 0 1 0 1 5 2 3 1 0C10C 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0C10F 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0C10G 64 8 6 6 8 25 117 78 67 27 0C10H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0C10J 1 1 3 0 1 0 6 0 9 0 0C10K 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 3 1 1 2C10L 13 1 4 9 12 17 56 15 26 12 2C10M 38 7 7 10 17 23 102 41 55 29 15C10N 5 0 0 1 0 0 6 12 15 6 0C11B 1 0 1 1 2 1 6 1 4 1 1C11C 2 0 1 1 1 1 6 1 8 1 0C11D 63 15 10 12 17 16 133 53 73 33 30C12C 3 0 0 0 0 1 4 1 3 1 0C12F 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0C12G 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0C12H 19 5 0 0 1 2 27 20 7 19 3C12J 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0C12L 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0C12M 138 87 102 66 70 110 573 138 240 85 0C12N 223 69 71 110 142 273 888 172 563 130 0C12P 40 19 27 26 35 54 201 55 71 49 0C12Q 423 133 164 114 170 249 1253 358 838 269 0C12R 4 0 1 0 0 1 6 6 10 3 0

27

C12S 2 0 0 0 0 2 4 2 2 1 0C13B 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0C13K 0 0 1 0 2 0 3 0 1 0 0C14B 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0C14C 2 0 1 1 0 0 4 1 1 0 7C21B 1 3 0 3 1 1 9 11 2 10 0C21C 5 1 0 1 0 1 8 6 3 2 0C21D 16 6 5 6 13 18 64 44 38 5 0C22B 30 12 1 7 7 13 70 53 49 42 1C22C 157 52 41 47 46 70 413 267 115 69 12C22F 16 7 8 3 5 12 51 28 7 6 0C23C 958 197 209 267 308 489 2428 1243 698 301 27C23D 3 0 0 1 0 1 5 1 3 0 3C23F 42 27 25 27 37 73 231 84 43 31 0C23G 5 2 4 2 1 1 15 8 3 1 11C25B 32 18 16 28 35 48 177 51 69 36 0C25C 12 5 3 1 1 5 27 10 22 10 0C25D 127 36 35 57 93 149 497 155 143 64 0C25F 11 3 3 5 6 12 40 21 20 9 0C30B 470 69 62 63 35 61 760 574 336 220 0C40B 115 24 13 49 79 119 399 93 99 60 0C99Z 0 0 2 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0D01B 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0D01C 9 2 2 2 1 0 16 41 8 38 0D01D 41 9 4 21 19 18 112 38 125 38 2D01F 322 99 101 99 104 191 916 509 316 469 0D01G 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0D01H 0 0 0 1 0 2 3 0 5 1 0D02G 16 21 22 14 28 50 151 34 26 32 0D02H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0D02J 0 1 0 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 0D03C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0D03D 11 1 3 7 12 18 52 14 14 12 0D03J 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0D04B 1 0 1 2 1 2 7 5 1 3 0D04C 1 1 0 1 0 2 5 1 1 0 0D04D 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0D04G 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0D04H 38 26 22 13 18 34 151 42 70 37 21D05B 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 0 0 0 0D05C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0D06B 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0D06C 0 0 2 0 1 0 3 0 1 0 0D06F 7 1 0 0 0 1 9 2 9 2 9D06G 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0D06H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0D06J 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

28

D06L 5 2 1 2 0 0 10 3 1 3 0D06M 47 8 7 6 8 7 83 43 79 34 258D06N 6 3 0 5 1 3 18 9 8 5 2D06P 7 2 2 0 4 3 18 12 9 8 0D06Q 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0D07B 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 8 1 0D21B 0 0 0 0 1 1 2 0 0 0 0D21C 2 1 1 0 2 1 7 3 6 2 0D21D 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 3 1 0D21F 4 4 4 2 2 0 16 17 13 14 0D21G 3 1 1 1 0 1 7 3 5 2 0D21H 42 6 12 11 8 15 94 65 89 39 1D21J 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0D99Z 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0E01B 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0E01C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0E01D 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0E01F 0 3 2 1 0 0 6 0 2 0 0E01H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0E02B 1 2 0 1 0 0 4 1 1 1 0E02C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0E02D 4 1 0 2 2 0 9 5 6 2 0E02F 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0E03B 1 0 0 0 0 1 2 0 3 0 0E03C 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0E03D 3 0 0 0 0 1 4 2 1 0 0E03F 2 0 0 0 0 0 2 1 1 0 0E04B 6 2 1 4 4 9 26 14 16 3 27E04C 2 1 1 3 3 1 11 10 4 3 0E04D 0 0 0 2 0 3 5 1 7 1 3E04F 11 1 0 2 1 0 15 12 7 3 1E04G 0 1 0 1 0 0 2 1 1 0 0E04H 1 0 0 1 2 1 5 2 4 2 6E05B 1 0 2 0 0 2 5 4 1 1 0E05C 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 0 1 0E05D 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 0 2 0E05F 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0E05G 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0E06B 13 3 3 8 1 1 29 22 15 6 11E06C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0E21B 69 6 11 15 20 27 148 49 63 41 0E21C 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 2 0 0E21D 3 0 0 0 0 0 3 1 1 1 0E21F 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0E99Z 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0F01B 0 0 1 0 1 1 3 2 0 2 0F01C 0 0 0 0 1 1 2 1 2 0 0

29

F01D 6 1 3 1 7 5 23 13 3 9 0F01K 1 0 1 1 1 0 4 1 1 2 0F01L 1 2 0 0 0 1 4 2 0 1 0F01M 0 1 2 2 0 4 9 1 0 1 9F01N 21 4 3 4 6 5 43 27 43 12 0F01P 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1F02B 10 2 0 0 2 7 21 14 12 10 0F02C 5 1 0 0 0 4 10 7 2 3 0F02D 2 0 0 1 0 0 3 4 5 2 0F02F 1 3 0 2 0 1 7 7 5 3 3F02G 1 1 3 1 0 1 7 1 1 0 0F02K 2 0 0 0 2 5 9 4 1 3 0F02M 11 2 5 0 4 5 27 14 23 6 0F02N 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0F02P 1 0 0 0 0 2 3 2 0 0 0F03B 0 5 0 0 3 2 10 3 5 3 0F03C 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0F03D 1 0 0 6 1 3 11 3 8 0 0F03G 4 2 3 0 5 11 25 9 13 9 0F03H 3 1 0 0 0 1 5 1 6 2 0F04B 14 3 4 2 1 6 30 18 17 10 0F04C 0 0 0 0 1 3 4 1 5 0 0F04D 1 2 2 1 3 5 14 3 5 1 0F04F 4 0 0 2 0 0 6 7 3 6 0F15B 5 0 0 2 0 0 7 8 1 6 0F15C 4 2 1 3 0 2 12 7 4 2 0F15D 8 1 1 0 1 1 12 6 8 4 0F16B 3 3 0 1 1 5 13 3 4 0 0F16C 28 5 7 2 10 11 63 43 29 8 0F16D 11 2 2 0 3 6 24 14 6 8 0F16F 4 1 1 1 3 5 15 4 6 5 0F16G 1 0 1 0 0 2 4 2 0 2 0F16H 6 3 1 1 3 3 17 7 10 3 0F16J 6 4 4 5 3 10 32 9 8 5 0F16K 8 4 4 7 1 9 33 10 11 3 0F16L 16 11 2 8 5 13 55 16 39 8 2F16M 2 0 0 0 1 0 3 2 1 1 0F16N 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 2 0 6F16P 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0F16S 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0F16T 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0F17B 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0F17C 17 1 2 1 4 5 30 29 15 23 0F17D 2 0 1 1 1 4 9 1 4 2 0F21H 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0F21K 10 1 3 7 1 4 26 12 14 4 0F21L 0 0 0 1 0 1 2 0 1 0 1

30

F21S 15 3 1 5 0 3 27 15 14 7 0F21V 64 30 30 46 36 88 294 136 62 45 1F21W 3 0 0 0 0 0 3 1 1 2 0F21Y 19 5 2 1 0 0 27 10 10 6 0F22B 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 0 1 0 0F22D 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0F22G 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0F23B 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0F23C 3 1 0 1 0 0 5 4 3 4 0F23D 4 2 2 1 1 0 10 9 6 7 0F23G 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 1 1 0F23H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0F23J 2 0 1 0 0 2 5 1 4 2 0F23K 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0F23L 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0F23M 1 1 0 0 0 1 3 2 1 1 0F23N 2 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 0F23Q 3 0 0 0 1 3 7 5 2 3 0F23R 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0F24B 0 1 0 0 1 0 2 0 0 0 0F24C 5 1 0 0 0 3 9 5 3 5 2F24D 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 3 0 0F24F 11 3 1 1 0 2 18 14 13 11 8F24H 1 0 0 0 0 2 3 2 3 3 0F24J 13 0 4 7 12 10 46 14 28 6 0F25B 10 7 3 1 7 9 37 24 18 17 0F25C 1 0 0 0 1 0 2 1 1 1 0F25D 5 4 2 1 1 7 20 7 7 6 13F25J 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0F26B 3 0 1 1 1 1 7 5 7 3 0F27B 1 0 0 3 0 2 6 3 24 3 0F27D 4 0 0 1 2 3 10 4 22 3 0F28B 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0F28C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0F28D 15 4 5 6 8 23 61 21 18 19 0F28F 40 9 6 7 10 31 103 42 30 33 0F28G 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0F41A 1 0 0 0 1 0 2 0 4 0 0F41B 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0F41C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1F41F 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0F41G 1 0 1 0 0 0 2 1 1 0 0F41H 6 1 3 0 3 6 19 10 19 6 0F41J 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0F42B 6 2 0 2 3 9 22 13 8 5 0F42C 1 1 0 0 0 3 5 3 2 1 0F42D 3 0 0 0 0 3 6 2 1 2 0

31

F99Z 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0G01B 53 15 33 25 26 31 183 153 51 53 0G01C 12 3 4 3 3 6 31 26 8 4 0G01D 17 8 9 11 4 7 56 40 18 16 0G01F 8 9 10 4 9 4 44 27 11 12 0G01G 5 0 0 2 2 2 11 4 5 2 0G01H 7 1 0 4 3 5 20 8 5 5 0G01J 69 50 48 39 73 97 376 263 142 133 0G01K 29 6 11 3 7 13 69 41 29 22 0G01L 32 5 7 12 15 11 82 59 44 24 0G01M 5 2 5 6 3 7 28 12 25 6 0G01N 1000 286 299 328 388 617 2918 1263 2014 739 2G01P 13 2 6 4 3 3 31 27 12 11 1G01Q 199 14 22 21 25 36 317 259 98 170 0G01R 176 28 24 40 61 98 427 285 106 85 0G01S 13 2 4 3 0 4 26 13 11 2 6G01T 26 9 10 17 24 26 112 54 33 28 0G01V 16 9 7 4 10 8 54 42 31 27 0G01W 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0G02B 1152 201 189 237 257 323 2359 1697 877 380 6G02C 17 2 6 11 9 13 58 33 31 9 1G02F 870 149 179 180 254 275 1907 1463 491 268 0G03B 48 19 18 15 22 42 164 107 26 30 0G03C 112 73 63 76 23 4 351 233 48 59 0G03D 4 2 0 0 1 0 7 6 0 1 0G03F 571 83 83 130 144 193 1204 801 389 134 16G03G 90 39 38 45 63 68 343 210 34 73 0G03H 16 7 5 8 5 7 48 33 21 10 0G04B 12 3 2 2 0 5 24 14 2 6 0G04C 6 1 1 1 0 0 9 4 0 2 0G04D 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1G04F 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 3 3 2 0G04G 6 0 1 0 0 0 7 10 1 3 0G05B 2 2 0 0 2 6 12 4 2 2 0G05D 3 0 3 3 3 12 24 8 7 4 0G05F 1 2 1 1 5 4 14 4 5 0 0G05G 1 0 0 0 0 1 2 1 0 0 0G06C 25 1 0 0 0 0 26 1 0 1 0G06D 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0G06E 4 0 1 0 0 2 7 19 2 13 0G06F 140 36 49 53 94 124 496 168 143 95 22G06G 2 0 2 3 5 8 20 9 5 7 0G06J 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0G06K 96 25 18 23 26 29 217 109 78 56 0G06M 0 0 2 0 0 0 2 1 0 1 0G06N 54 6 4 4 10 10 88 66 39 46 0G06Q 4 2 1 9 4 4 24 6 13 1 0

32

G06T 9 2 3 1 0 3 18 10 17 3 1G07B 32 1 0 0 0 0 33 0 0 0 0G07C 2 0 1 0 0 0 3 2 2 1 0G07D 9 0 0 1 0 0 10 11 8 7 0G07F 7 1 0 1 0 0 9 9 3 5 0G07G 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0G08B 17 5 8 7 5 12 54 27 21 13 0G08C 1 1 0 0 1 0 3 0 3 0 0G08G 0 1 1 1 1 1 5 2 4 1 0G09B 10 0 0 1 1 3 15 11 3 10 0G09C 1 0 0 2 0 0 3 1 0 1 0G09D 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0G09F 128 9 16 6 9 7 175 189 54 33 12G09G 63 41 28 27 28 40 227 133 38 67 2G10B 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0G10C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0G10D 0 1 0 0 1 0 2 3 2 1 1G10F 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0G10G 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0G10H 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0G10K 5 1 0 0 0 3 9 7 3 1 0G10L 2 1 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0G11B 1462 297 250 282 246 232 2769 2072 300 174 1G11C 461 77 84 106 88 79 895 743 241 377 21G12B 4 0 1 0 1 3 9 5 17 3 0G21B 2 1 0 3 2 1 9 2 9 1 0G21C 2 0 1 6 2 10 21 3 15 2 0G21D 2 0 0 0 0 0 2 3 5 2 0G21F 5 0 2 4 5 6 22 5 7 6 1G21G 4 4 3 11 13 9 44 10 8 5 0G21H 2 0 1 3 1 2 9 5 6 5 0G21J 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0G21K 106 25 27 17 13 12 200 138 73 58 0G99Z 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0H01B 307 85 111 162 232 450 1347 515 366 338 1H01C 59 3 6 11 12 21 112 78 20 48 1H01F 445 55 46 54 62 100 762 563 182 122 0H01G 219 38 43 64 59 119 542 293 198 142 0H01H 45 10 14 17 14 18 118 81 46 55 0H01J 760 248 306 256 309 280 2159 1321 458 816 0H01K 13 8 6 8 7 8 50 29 11 23 0H01L 5632 1745 1883 1956 2060 2948 16224 10146 3933 2570 31H01M 503 171 196 186 265 403 1724 697 722 404 7H01P 12 2 6 5 8 9 42 19 11 9 0H01Q 28 6 13 10 18 20 95 58 34 34 0H01R 22 12 11 18 15 32 110 60 30 42 0H01S 1069 150 164 167 140 178 1868 1614 497 220 16

33

H01T 2 5 2 6 2 9 26 9 4 3 20H02B 0 0 1 1 0 1 3 1 0 1 0H02G 7 2 1 2 2 3 17 7 1 6 0H02H 5 3 3 4 2 5 22 12 6 7 0H02J 16 2 1 5 5 17 46 17 6 12 1H02K 40 4 10 7 7 9 77 49 41 19 1H02M 2 2 1 5 0 4 14 7 3 0 0H02N 47 18 21 14 16 21 137 93 50 58 0H02P 1 0 0 3 1 3 8 6 1 3 0H03B 4 2 0 4 5 7 22 11 6 7 0H03C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0H03D 0 2 0 0 0 0 2 1 6 1 0H03F 3 2 3 6 2 3 19 12 3 6 0H03G 0 0 1 0 0 1 2 0 0 0 0H03H 60 10 5 10 9 11 105 91 22 21 0H03J 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0H03K 37 18 19 20 20 24 138 104 29 58 1H03L 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0H03M 12 4 4 2 2 0 24 27 6 6 0H04B 77 14 10 17 21 24 163 135 43 41 0H04H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0H04J 13 5 7 0 1 6 32 36 15 11 0H04K 0 1 1 2 0 3 7 4 3 1 0H04L 34 5 2 5 5 6 57 27 27 14 0H04M 7 0 4 0 1 5 17 5 12 4 2H04N 89 17 14 14 20 27 181 123 59 32 18H04Q 9 1 2 2 5 2 21 11 11 1 0H04R 12 8 6 6 7 49 88 45 18 10 4H04S 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0H04W 2 1 1 0 3 2 9 3 7 3 0H05B 369 130 80 57 57 118 811 503 212 115 6H05C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0H05F 1 7 1 3 1 2 15 7 4 4 32H05G 8 2 4 1 4 9 28 21 11 16 0H05H 60 27 30 33 36 43 229 99 80 67 0H05K 282 44 62 72 90 159 709 367 187 190 18H99Z 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0

34

Figure 14a: Raw Data (% of Nanotechnology Patents Containing Nanotubes)

y = 0.0082x - 16.427R² = 0.8599

0.0%2.0%4.0%6.0%8.0%

10.0%12.0%

2000 2005 2010

% C

onta

inin

g N

Ts

Year

Figure 14b: Linear Regression of nanotube-containing Grants

Y

Predicted Y

Linear (Predicted Y)

Nanotech Patent

Dataset Year

# of Nanotech Docs

#Docs w/ nanotubes* or cnt* %

Grants201

1 1186 108 9.1%

Grants201

0 4521 45910.2

%

Grants200

9 3143 280 8.9%

Grants200

8 2589 256 9.9%

Grants200

7 2474 214 8.6%

Grants200

6 2495 209 8.4%

Grants200

5 2040 144 7.1%

y = -0.0009x2 + 3.7949x -3814.4

R² = 0.9482

0.0%

5.0%

10.0%

15.0%

2000 2005 2010

% co

ntai

ning

NTs

Year

Figure 14c: Quadratic Regression of nanotube-containing Grants

Y

Predicted Y

Poly. (Y)

Grants200

4 2336 131 5.6%

Grants200

3 2118 67 3.2%

Grants200

2 1610 47 2.9%

Grants200

1 1404 32 2.3%

Apps201

1 2094 21810.4

%

Apps201

0 8798 95810.9

%

Apps200

9 7571 728 9.6%

Apps200

8 6831 599 8.8%

Apps200

7 6175 522 8.5%

Apps200

6 5682 500 8.8%

Apps200

5 5152 410 8.0%

y = 0.0068x - 13.612R² = 0.9207

0.0%2.0%4.0%6.0%8.0%

10.0%12.0%

2000 2005 2010

% C

onta

inin

g N

Ts

Year

Figure 14d: Linear Regression of nanotube-containing Apps

Y

Predicted Y

Linear (Y)

Apps200

4 4485 301 6.7%

Apps200

3 3714 197 5.3%

Apps200

2 2674 146 5.5%

Apps200

1 708 23 3.2%

35

y = -0.0005x2 + 1.9015x -1914

R² = 0.9551

0.0%2.0%4.0%6.0%8.0%

10.0%12.0%

2000 2005 2010

% C

onta

inin

g N

ts

Year

Figure 14e: Quadratic Regression of nanotube-containing Apps

Y

Predicted Y

Poly. (Y)

36

Fig. 15 – Supplementary Material – Element Sea Abundance vs. Occurrence in Nanotech IP documents

37

OHCl

NaMgSCa

KBr

SrB

FAr

LiRb

IBa

As

UV

FeTi

CrCs

KrMnS

e Ne

WXe

AgGa

ZrPb

CoBi

Tl

YNb

Hf

He

BeAu

SnRe

LaNd

TaCe

YbRu

Gd

TbEu

Ra

RnPtPd

IrTe

RhOs

AtFr

H

Cl

Na

Mg

Ca

KBr

C Sr

B

Si

F

N Ar

LiRb

P

I

In

Ba

MoZn

As

U

VAlFe

Ti

Ni Cr

Cs

Cu

Sb

Kr

NeCd

W

Ge

Xe

AgGa

ZrPb

Hg

Co

Bi

Tl

Nb

Hf

HeBeAu

Sn

La

Ta

Ce

Th

Dy

Er

Ru

Gd

Pr

Sc

SmHo

TmLu

Tb

Eu

PaPo

Pt

Pd

Ir

Te

Rh

Os

PmAc

Tc

0102030405060708090 Element Abundance Rank (Out of 92)

Chem

ical

Sea E

arth

Abu

ndan

ce vs

. Occ

uran

ce in

Nan

otec

h IP

Doc

s Se

a Abu

ndan

ce R

ank

2010

USP

TO A

pplic

ation

Abu

ndan

ce R

ank

2000

-201

0 US

PTO

Pat

ent A

bund

ance

Ran

kTo

xic o

r Car

cino

geni

c Ele

men

t(id

entifi

ed b

y USE

PA o

r IAR

C)

Supplementary Material: Table IV – USPTO Nanotechnology Grants 2000-2011 Element Co-occurrence matrix(Percent values =

100 * (# of patents in which Row and Column elements occur together) / (# of patents in which column element occurs)

H He Li Be B C N O F Ne Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar K

H 100% 53% 51% 26% 20% 74% 56% 59% 65% 50% 52% 30% 33% 33% 73% 89% 70% 33% 32%

He 0% 100% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 75% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 2% 13% 0%

Li 1% 0% 100% 30% 1% 1% 1% 1% 4% 0% 19% 11% 2% 1% 1% 0% 3% 2% 32%

Be 0% 0% 4% 100% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 3% 7% 1% 0% 0% 0% 0% 1% 9%

B 1% 3% 3% 4% 100% 2% 4% 2% 3% 0% 11% 8% 6% 4% 6% 2% 4% 1% 14%

C 88% 42% 56% 15% 41% 100% 57% 57% 67% 50% 44% 29% 33% 35% 73% 89% 61% 36% 23%

N 31% 25% 23% 26% 40% 27% 100% 32% 24% 50% 27% 26% 52% 24% 71% 79% 34% 24% 18%

O 70% 50% 50% 33% 45% 57% 69% 100% 59% 75% 82% 67% 61% 67% 79% 89% 63% 58% 78%

F 4% 0% 11% 0% 4% 4% 3% 3% 100% 0% 6% 11% 3% 3% 1% 3% 15% 8% 9%

Ne 0% 8% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 100% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 4% 0%

Na 1% 0% 14% 19% 4% 1% 1% 1% 2% 0% 100% 10% 2% 1% 1% 2% 10% 1% 75%

Mg 1% 0% 14% 59% 5% 1% 2% 2% 5% 0% 15% 100% 5% 2% 1% 1% 3% 1% 35%

Al 7% 22% 14% 33% 24% 6% 21% 11% 9% 50% 23% 35% 100% 14% 11% 6% 10% 18% 37%

Si 22% 33% 22% 26% 45% 20% 28% 37% 34% 0% 46% 42% 43% 100% 19% 15% 31% 32% 51%

P 12% 0% 4% 11% 18% 11% 22% 11% 3% 0% 10% 7% 9% 5% 100% 51% 5% 2% 3%

S 15% 3% 3% 11% 5% 12% 23% 12% 6% 25% 14% 7% 5% 4% 49% 100% 12% 6% 8%

Cl 2% 11% 3% 0% 2% 1% 2% 1% 6% 25% 14% 3% 1% 1% 1% 2% 100% 2% 9%

Ar 0% 33% 1% 4% 0% 0% 1% 1% 1% 100% 1% 0% 1% 1% 0% 0% 1% 100% 0%

K 0% 0% 11% 22% 2% 0% 0% 1% 1% 0% 32% 10% 1% 1% 0% 0% 3% 0% 100%

Ca 2% 0% 11% 26% 3% 1% 1% 3% 5% 0% 28% 26% 3% 2% 5% 2% 5% 0% 55%

Sc 0% 0% 3% 22% 1% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 4% 5% 1% 0% 0% 0% 1% 1% 8%

Ti 3% 0% 15% 26% 14% 3% 7% 7% 5% 0% 21% 25% 13% 7% 2% 4% 9% 3% 37%

Fig. 15 – Supplementary Material – Element Sea Abundance vs. Occurrence in Nanotech IP documents

38

Fig. 16 – Supplementary Material – Co-occurrence of Chemical Elements in USPTO Nanotechnology Grant Abstracts from 2000-2010, graphed using Fruchterman-Reingold algorithm showing all elements and co-

occurrences (no filter)

39