111 01 intro
TRANSCRIPT
Information Technology
Fundamentals 1
Ms. Blandina Kalang-ad
INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTERS 1. Introduction
a. Digital Literacy
b. Why Study Computer Technology?
c. Computer Definition
d. Components of a Computer
e. Computer System
f. Components of a Computer System
g. Advantages and Disadvantages of using Computers
h. Computer Applications in Society
i. Data vs. Information
j. Input-Process-Output
2. History of Computers
3. Careers and Certifications in IT
4. Software: Systems SW, Applications SW
5. Hardware: Input Devices, Output Devices, Memory, Storage, Communication devices, The System Unit
6. Flowcharting
7. Little Man Computer
8. Pervasive Themes in IT
Why study Computer Technology?
Some computer roles in our lives
1. Tiny embedded computers control alarm clocks,
entertainment centers and home appliances
2. Today’s automobiles cannot run efficiently without
embedded computer systems
3. An estimated 10 million people work from home
instead of commuting to work because of
PCs and networking technologies
4. People use e-mail for personal communications
nearly 10 times as often as snail mail and 5
times more often than telephone.
5. Routine daily tasks such as banking, buying groceries
are affected by computer technologies
Why Study Computer Technology?
Personal Benefits
1. Improved Employment Prospects
Computer-related skills are essential in most
careers such as automotive mechanics,
nursing, journalism, archaeology, others.
Makes one more marketable to prospective
employers.
Why Study Computer Technology?
Personal Benefits
2. Skills Span Different Aspects of Life
Computer skills are needed regardless of
setting, whether at home, work, school or
play
Knowledge of computers is useful anywhere
Why Study Computer Technology?
Personal Benefits
3. Greater Self-Sufficiency
People who truly understand computers know that computers are tools- nothing more or less.
We do not give up control of our lives to computers rather we use them to suit our needs
By understanding computers, you become self sufficient whether you use it for research, communications or time management
Why Study Computer Technology?
Personal Benefits
4. Foundation of Knowledge for a Lifetime
of Learning
Basic computing principles have not changed
over the years, and they will be valid well
into the future
By mastering fundamentals, you will develop a
strong base to support furtherance of your
knowledge in the years to come
What is a Computer?
An electronic device that processes data
according to a predetermined set of instructions that converts it into information useful to people.
Peter Norton
An electronic device operating under the control of instructions stored in its memory that can accept data, process the data, produce and store results for future use.
Gary Shelly
Components of a Computer
A computer contains many electric, electronic
and mechanical components known as hardware.
Hardware components
1. Input Devices-used to enter data or instructions into a computer
2. Output Devices-used to convey information to one or more people
Components of a Computer
Hardware components (continued)
3. System Unit- a case that contains the electronic components to process data
3.1 Motherboard- main circuit board of the system unit
3.2 Processor- electronic component that interprets and carries out basic instructions
3.2 Memory– electronic component that store instructions waiting to be executed and data needed by those instructions.
Two categories: ROM, RAM
Components of a Computer
Hardware components (continued)
4. Storage Devices- Holds data, instructions and information permanently for future use. It records (writes) and/or retrieves (reads) items to and from storage media.
5. Communication Devices-enables a computer to send and receive data, instructions, and information to and from one or more computers
Computer System
A collection of parts which are
categorized according to the work they
do.
Every computer is part of a system
Components of Computer System Components of a complete Computer System
1. Hardware
The machine itself. The tangible parts of the computer.
2. Software
Series of related instructions that makes the computer perform tasks.
3. Data
Consists of individual facts or pieces of information processed by the computer into useful form.
4. User
Refers to the people who use the machine for their beneficial purposes.
Anyone who communicates with a computer or uses the information it generates.
Advantages of using Computers
Speed - Performs operations at incredibly
fast speeds
Reliability – Electronic components rarely
break or fail
Consistency - generates error-free results
Storage – Store enormous amounts of data
Communications - allows resource sharing
and/or processing with other computers,
often wirelessly
Disadvantages of using Computers
SEATWORK: Work in groups. Use ½ cw pad paper
Give examples of disadvantages of using
computers for each of the following:
1. Health risks
2. Violation of privacy
3. Public safety
4. Impact on labor force
5. Impact on the environment
Disadvantages of using Computers
Health risks – Prolonged or improper
computer use lead to injuries
Violation of privacy – Invasion to privacy and
Identity theft due to improper protection
Public safety – Naïve users of websites fall prey
to scrupulous users
Impact on labor force – replacement of
employee by the machine
Impact on the environment – lead, mercury and
flame retardant contents pollute environment
Computers in Society
EDUCATION
Computer technology in university
curricula
Essential learning requirement
Elementary = Keyboarding
Secondary = Office applications or
Basic programming
Research
Computers in Society
INDUSTRY
Computer-Aided Design
Computer-Aided Manufacturing
Shipping
Transportation mode reservations or
scheduling, Invoice and Billing, tracking
vehicle locations and goods storage
Process Control
Computers in Society
GOVERNMENT
Population Statistics
Taxation
Military and Police Works
Demographic maps -
Population Statistics
Computers in Society
HEALTH CARE
Procedures = ultrasound, CT scan,
magnetic resonance imaging
Computerized Disease Management
Robotic surgical devices
Camera Pill
Computers in Society
OTHERS
Restaurant and Grocery Stores= for
inventories, POS, product pricing
Courier Dispatchers =for tracking pickup and
drop off points, scheduling deliveries
Construction Firms = calculate amount of
materials and project completion schedules
Automotive mechanics = vehicle performance
monitoring, diagnose mechanical problems,
determine repair and maintenance strategies
Bibliography
Peter Norton’s Introduction to
Computers 6th edition
Discovering Computers 2010
Living in a Digital World
Shelly Cashman Series
visit www.scite.com/dc2010