2009 my social studies 3 exp answers edit for nhhs

Name: Index no: Class:

This Question Paper consists of 5 printed pages, including this page.

Setter: Mrs Caroline Lee[Turn over

SOCIAL STUDIES 2192/1PAPER 1

Sec 3 Express (ANSWER SCHEME) xx May 2009 Additional Materials: Writing Paper 1 Hour 30 Minutes

Instructions to Candidates:

Answer Question 1 from section A and one question from section B.

Write your answers on the writing papers provided.

Begin your answer to Section B on a new and separate sheet of paper.

You are advised to spend no longer than 50 minutes on Section A.

Information for Candidates:

All questions carry 25 marks each. The number of marks for each part/sub-question is

given in brackets ( ) at the end of each sub-question.

50

1. Issue: Preparing for an ageing population in Singapore

a) Study Source A.How useful is this source as evidence about an ageing population in Singapore? Explain your answer. (6m)

Levels Descriptors Marks1 Useful/ not useful, with support from provenance

Eg. No. This source is not useful as it is computed by the USA and may not be accurate.

1

2 Useful/ not useful, with support from source content

Eg. This source is useful as evidence about an ageing population in Singapore. From the graph, it can be seen that there is a large percentage of population in the category of 65 years and above.

2 – 3

3 Useful, with cross reference

Eg. This source is useful as evidence as it shows a large percentage of people in the above 65 years of age category. It is a good indicator that Singapore will be moving towards an ageing economy. This is further supported by evidence from Source D. the cartoon seems to infer that Singapore is indeed planning for an ageing population. With the cartoonist depicting the government bull dozing the policies to get ready for an ageing population

4 - 5

4 L3 + explanation of the limitations of this source which is not a good indicator of ageing population in Singapore.

Eg. L3 + … however, there are limitations to what this source can provide. This source is not a true indicator of Singapore’s forecast as it is from the US Census Bureau.

6

3

b) Study Sources B and C.How similar are the sources? Explain your answer. (7m)

Levels Descriptors Marks1 Similarities/ Differences, with no support/ support from

provenance

Eg. Both sources are addressing the issue of ageing population in Singapore.

1

2 Similarities/ Differences, with support from source content

Eg. Both sources are similar as they are addressing the issue of how healthcare needs of the elderly can be met and maintained in Singapore. From Source B, the Committee for Ageing Issues stated that healthcare for the elderly is “achieved by providing an efficient and cost-effective government subsidized healthcare ..” This is similarly reflected in Source C. Source C also mentioned that “healthcare needs of the elderly should be met by healthcare services delivered in step-down settings”. Both sources agree that the government should pay more attention to the healthcare needs of the elderly in Singapore.

2 -3

3 Similarities and Differences, with support from source content

Eg. The two sources are different in the way they portray the readiness of Singapore in meeting the healthcare needs of the elderly now. In source B, the Committee for Ageing Issues in their report seemed to have found that healthcare needs for the elderly are in place and that the government has done their part to address their needs. This is in contrast to source C. Source C is a recommendation to the Singapore government to provide “ more appropriate healthcare services…delivered in “step-down” settings”, implying that the government is still not doing enough in meeting the healthcare needs of the elderly now.

4 - 5

4 Similarity in purpose

Eg. Both sources are reports on Singapore healthcare needs for the aged in Singapore. Both serve the same purpose to try to convince the Singapore government to set in place a better, more efficient and healthcare services for the elderly so that Singapore can cope with the problems of ageing population.

6

5 L3 + L4 7

4

c) Study Source D. Does this source prove that Singapore is ready for an ageing population? Explain your answer. (6m)

Levels Descriptors Marks1 Answers with no support/ support from provenance

Eg. Yes, Singapore is ready for an ageing population.

1

2 Answers with support from cartoon details

Eg. Yes, Singapore is ready for an ageing population. This can be depicted in the cartoon showing that our government is paving the way and laying its plans and policies for the ageing community in Singapore.

2 – 3

3 L2 and support from cross reference

Eg. No, Singapore is not ready for an ageing population. This is depicted in the cartoon showing that the government is bulldozing (forcing) its plans and policies for the aged; and the aged do not feel that the policies are welcomed as one of the old man is seen saying “ Stop treating us like kids”. This can be supported by Source C, in which the report stated that “ the rapid ageing …….. will pose a challenge to healthcare planners to provide adequate healthcare facilities, services and support system” Thus this source does not show that Singapore is ready for an ageing population.

4 - 5

4 Answers depicting tone

Eg. No, this source does not prove that Singapore is ready for an ageing population. The cartoonist is being sarcastic in this cartoon. It is trying to let the government know that the policies that they implemented are not well taken by the aged community. This can be seen in the cartoon showing “the old man in walking stick pleading with the government to stop treating them like kids”. The cartoonist does not think that Singapore is ready for the ageing population as the cartoon seems to be saying that the government is trying to bulldoze (force) its policies on ageing population on the aged instead of really looking into their needs.

6

5

d) Study Source E.Why did the minister issue this advice? Explain your answer. (6m)

Levels Descriptors Marks1 Answers based on provenance

Eg. He wants to talk and address the senior citizen using his capacity as a minister.

1

2 Answers (accurate inferences) based on source content without support

Eg. He wants Singaporeans to be prepared in old age.

2 - 3

3 Answers (accurate inferences) based on source content with support

Eg. He wants Singaporeans to be prepared in old age. He urged Singaporeans to “make sound financial preparations … so as to age gracefully.”

4 - 5

4 Answers(accurate inferences) based on purpose

Eg. The government’s purpose is to convince the people in Singapore the on need to extend retirement age in the hope that Singaporeans will support their decision.

6

6

2. Policy Process: Formulation and Implementation

(a) How far is the population slow down in Singapore rectified by the pro-family measures implemented by the government? Explain your answer. [12]

L1 Writes about population slow down but without focus on the question [1-2]Award 1 mark for each detail, to a maximum of 2 marks.

Population slow down after the success of the two is enough policy. Population growth dwindled to a 1.24 children per woman.

L2 Describes the given factor OR identifies/describes other factors [3-4]

Award 3 marks for describing the given factor OR identifying/describing other factors.

Population slowdown is rectified by the pro-family measures put in place by the government. The government is extending maternity leave from 12 weeks to 16 weeks, confining to five-day work week for most civil servants.

L3 Explains the given factor OR other factor(s) [4-6]

Award 4 marks for an explanation and additional marks for any supporting details, to a maximum of 6 marks.

Pro-family measures were introduced in Singapore to tackle the problem of slow population growth. With a population growth at 1.24 children / woman, the government is trying to lessen the impact of an ageing population in the future by introducing pro-family measures. They have put in place measures such as shortening work week to a five day work week. In doing so, the government hopes that it will allow parents to spend more time with their children and their family. Also very welcomed by the women is the extension of maternity leave from 12 weeks to 16 weeks. This is the carrot hung by the government hoping that it will encourage women to have more children. The government hopes that with a longer maternity leave, women will be able to spend more time to bond with their babies and hence will be encouraged to expand their family.

Or

Besides the pro-family measures introduced by the government, the government is also encouraging families to have more children through the “have three or more if you can afford it” policy. Under this policy, mothers will now be able to use a larger sum of their Medisave to pay for their delivery charges and hospitalisation bills incurred during the birth of the baby. In this way, the government hopes to reduce the financial burden on the couples and will encourage them to continue to have more children if they can afford it and thereby raising birth rate.

Or

The government is also actively engaged in attracting foreign talents to

7

Singapore to counter the problem of a slow population growth. Immigration policy is relaxed to attract foreign talents with skills. Singapore began to provide them with attractive education packages for their children and making it easier for foreigners to work and live in Singapore. The government hopes that with these packages, it will encourage the individuals to develop an attachment to Singapore and take up citizenship. This can be seen in the increasing numbers of foreigners marrying locals and setting up their family in Singapore.

L4 Explains the given factor and identifies/describes other factors [7]L5 L4 + Both elements of L3 [8-10]

Do not award 10 marks unless more than one additional factor is explained.

L6 L5 plus explains the relative importance of different factors [11-12]

(b) The key factor to success in Singapore lies in her leaders. Do you agree?

8

Explain your answer. [13]

L1 Writes on success of Singapore without focus.

Singapore has shown herself to be a very successful nation by transforming herself from a third world nation to that of the first in a short period of just 40 years.

[1-2]

L2 Describes factor(s) but without explaining them [3-4]

Award 3 marks for one factor and 4 marks for more than one factor described.

Good leaders are those who are capable and honest. These leaders must have the moral courage and integrity to do what is right and not what is popular. Good leaders are specially selected and groomed. They are carefully selected based on their good character.

L3 Explains one factor [5-7]

Award 5 marks for an explained factor, and additional marks for supporting detail, to a maximum of 7 marks.

The success of Singapore lies in her leaders. In order for Singapore to succeed, it is vital for Singapore to groom her leaders well. These leaders are not picked by chance, but rather they are picked based on their capabilities and their good character. These leaders are groomed to make good decisions for Singapore. They will do what is right and not what is popular with the people. For instance, our Prime Minister realized that the building of the IR will not be popular amongst Singaporeans, but in order for Singapore to remain competitive in the global economy, it is a vital investment for Singapore to make. Hence, PM Lee Hsien Loong explained the rationale to the people and carried out the IR projects – knowing that it will benefit the country in the long run. This showed that our leaders are able to see the bigger picture and are able to convince and explain to the people the rationale despite objections to the project. This decision of the leader will have a great impact on Singapore as it would mean more investments and tourism which will help Singapore to grow and compete in the global economy. In other words, leadership is indeed the key to the success of Singapore.

L4 L3, plus explains other factorsAward 8 marks for L3 plus a second factor explained, with one extra mark for additional supporting information. Award 10 marks for L3 plus two other factors explained, with one extra mark for additional supporting information.

However, leadership may be vital in the success of Singapore, a sound system to keep the structure in place is also as important. Hence, it is important that the government practices a system of meritocracy. Singaporeans are encouraged to work hard for rewards and the government believes in rewarding hard work. By doing so, Singapore will reward talents well and retain these talents to work for Singapore’s progress. Only then will Singapore be able to compete globally and succeed in the globalised

[8 - 11]

9

economy.

L5 Reaches a balanced conclusion based on the relative significance of the factors

[12-13]

3. Managing Healthcare

10

(a) How far is the healthcare need of an individual met by the Medisave Scheme in Singapore? Explain your answer. [12]

L1 Writes about healthcare needs in Singapore but without focus on the question

[1-2]

Award 1 mark for each detail, to a maximum of 2 marks.

Healthcare needs are met by different means in Singapore. It can be met through employers’ insurance policies.

L2 Describes the given factor, OR identifies/describes other factors [3-4]


The medisave scheme is a compulsory savings scheme which encourages self-reliance. It was implemented in 1984. A certain amount, 6% – 8% of money from the workers’ CPF contribution will be channelled into their Medisave account.



The Medisave scheme is a compulsory savings scheme which encourages individual responsibility. It was implemented in 1984 in which a certain amount of money from the workers’ CPF contribution will be channelled into their medisave account. This amount of money saved over the years can be used to pay hospital bills and certain medical treatment when needed. They can use the money saved over the years to pay for medication to control high blood pressure. In this way, the individuals in Singapore will have money in their Medisave accounts and hence will be able to cope better with their healthcare needs.

Or

As some Singaporeans may not be working, they may not have enough medisave contributions. Hence, the implementation of Medishield, a national healthcare insurance scheme, will help them pay for their large medical bills. Patients can make claims from Medishield when their Medisave is insufficient to cover large medical bills. They can also use it to pay for long term hospitalisation or treatment of long term serious illness. Hence Singaporeans who may not be working or may not have enough savings in the Medisave will be able to cope with their healthcare needs.

Or

Individual responsibility is also very important in coping with the healthcare needs in Singapore. Adopting a healthy lifestyle is one way of coping with the rising cost of healthcare in Singapore. Exercising regularly, maintaining

11

a balanced diet and financial planning is very important. If a person is in good health, he will not need medical treatment and the person can save on medical expenses.

L4 Explains the given factor and identifies/describes other factors [7]L5 L4 + Both elements of L3 [8-10]



12

(b) The key factor to the success of the NHS lies in the ability to provide quality healthcare services for the British people. Do you agree? Explain your answer.

[13]

L1 Writes on NHS without focus.

The National Health Service was set up by Sir William Beveridge. He had hoped that the NHS will help Britain reach a higher standard of living after the WW II.

[1-2]



Quality service provided by the NHS included the increase of resources to for hospitals, nurses and doctors. They also contract out non-medical services to provide laundry, cleaning and catering in the hospitals.



Quality service given to the people in Britain has indeed made NHS successful in Britain. With the increase in healthcare budget, Tony Blair realized the shortfall of the NHS not meeting the expectations of the British citizens in terms of quality service. He aimed to improve quality service in healthcare and to modernize NHS to meet the demands of the citizens. He wanted patients to make informed decisions about their treatment by providing them with well informed choices. They continued to make plans and began to put the needs of the patients as their top priority. They also made it more convenient for the patients by offering faster services by allowing private hospitals to be used to run NHS facilities. This shortened the waiting time and greatly improved the service of the NHS. Citizens were happy as their needs and demands were met by the NHS. On top of this, they also convenience the patients by uploading their medical records on-line so that patients can have access to their own personal health records. Medical advices were also made available over the phone. This improvement in the service that NHS undertook was effective and met the needs of the British citizens.


The key factor to the success of the NHS is also the ability to improve its efficiency in meeting the demands of the people in healthcare. PM Tony Blair increased the healthcare budget in 2000 to improve the efficiency of the NHS. This new healthcare budget included the use of more resources to meet the demands of the elderly population in Britain. The budget also

[8 - 11]

13

included more resources to train more doctors, nurses and improve the facilities in the hospitals. This policy is coupled by the privatization scheme to contract out non-medical services to private companies. In this way, the NHS will be more efficient in meeting the people’s needs as it provides patients with more choices and information.


[12-13]

14

4. Conflict in Multi-ethnic Societies: Sri Lanka

(a) How far was the Tamil – Sinhalese conflict fuelled by the unfair university admission criteria in Sri Lanka? Explain your answer. [12]

L1 Writes about the Tamil – Sinhalese conflict but without focus on the question

[1-2]

Award 1 mark for each detail, to a maximum of 2 marks.

The Tamils and Sinhalese were not on good terms since 1948. The Tamils felt that there were not given equal opportunities. The Tamils group started the LTTE and created a lot of havoc in the nation.

L2 Describes the given factor, OR identifies/describes other factors [3-4]


The unfair university admission criteria in Sri Lanka is changed to benefit the Sinhalese. The Tamils need to score higher grades than the Sinhalese to qualify for the more important courses in the university. The Tamils need to score only 250 pts to enter medical school and the Sinhalese need only to score 229 pts.



The university admission criteria in Sri Lanka was changed to accommodate and benefit more Sinhalese. As the medium used in exam was English, it benefited the Tamils. However, when Sinhalese took over the administration of government, they introduced new criteria so that more Sinhalese students will be able to enter the university. The Tamils now need to score higher grades to make it for better courses. Admission is no longer solely based on academic results. University places were reserved for Sinhalese. As a result of this new university admission criteria, lesser Tamils qualified for university placement even though they were as good as the Sinhalese. The Tamils pupils felt that their opportunity were taken away, and were angry with the government for discriminating against them. They were unhappy that despite negotiations and talks with the government to address this issue, it did not solve the problem. Hence tension arose between the Tamils and the Sinhalese.

Or

Besides the new university admission criteria that fuelled the conflict between the Sinhalese and the Tamils, the ‘Sinhala Only’ policy also created a great rift between the two groups of people. The Sinhala Only policy greatly disadvantaged the Tamils after the British granted independence to Sri Lanka. Administration language was changed from English to Sinhala. The Sinhalese government told the Tamil officials to learn the language in three years or faced dismissal. The Tamils were very upset as they found it difficult to find jobs and get promoted. They felt that

15

their livelihood was threatened by the Sinhalese. They were also angry that despite talks and negotiations, the pact signed between the government and the Tamil leader did not materialize. Hence the relationship between the Sinhalese and the Tamils worsened.

Citizenship was yet another issue that caused much distress amongst the Tamils. When the Sinhalese took over, the new government passed the Ceylon Citizenship Act in 1948. This act granted citizenship to those who were born in Sri Lanka or whose forefathers were born there. As a result, many Indian Tamils found themselves to be stateless. They had lived in Sri Lanka and contributed to the society, hence the Tamils felt that the act was not justifiable and was disadvantaging them. They were upset with the Sinhalese and hence tension rose between the two groups of people.

L4 Explains the given factor and identifies/describes other factors [7]L5 Both elements of L3 [8-10]



16

(b) The key factor to the economic woes of Sri Lanka was the rampant armed violence in the nation. Do you agree? Explain your answer. [13]

L1 Writes on economic woes of Sri Lanka without focus. [1-2]The economy of Sri Lanka underwent a serious downturn. There was massive unemployment. The economy was simply not growing enough to sustain the nation’s needs.



The rampant armed violence was caused by the actions of the LTTE (Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam). The Tamil Tigers used armed violence to resolve the unhappiness. They attacked the Tamil members of the police force, Tamil members and supporters of the ruling party, and politicians who did not support the proposed separate state.



The rampant violence in Sri Lanka is indeed one of the causal factors of her economic woes. The heavy armed conflict between the LTTE and the government created such havoc that it costs more than 60 000 lives. The LTTE sent suicide bombers to destroy Tamil political leaders who did not support the LTTE cause. They also attacked the police force. In the midst of all these violence, the government also countered attack the group of terrorists. This series of violence caused not only massive blood shed, it also caused massive unemployment in Sri Lanka. Sole bread winners lost their jobs because of the destruction caused by the violence. They become unemployed and were not able to provide for their family. During these series of violence, factories were shut down and the number of man hours lost was detrimental to the economy. Production was completely shut down and resulted in the loss of income for Sri Lanka.


[8 - 11]

As a result of the rampant violence in Sri Lanka, there is a sharp fall in the number tourists in the country. The decrease in the number of tourists resulted in a loss of jobs and loss of earnings for Sri Lanka. This affected the economy adversely.


[12-13]

17

2009 my social studies 3 exp answers edit for nhhs

Documents