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Bachelor’s degree in public health to start next semester

SPECIAL INSERT:FLIP TO CENTER

ALOHAN I G H T S

ISMAEL MA / KA LEO O HAWAI‘I

Jay Maddock

NOELLE FUJII

News Editor

The Offi ce of Public Health Stud-ies will be implementing UH Mānoa’s fi rst Bachelor of Arts degree in public health next semester. “This is kind of a new thing,” direc-tor of the Offi ce of Public Health Stud-ies Jay Maddock said. “We’ve seen, in the last 10 years, that public health programs across the country have been starting bachelor’s degrees in public health, and they’ve been really popu-lar with students. So it’s really just a rethinking of public health education and starting it earlier in the student’s academic career rather than later.” The degree will encompass 36 ma-jor credits including public health core and elective courses as well as nine re-lated credits in courses like calculus, Math 140 or higher, a statistics course and Psychology 100, according to De-nise Nelson-Hurwitz, who will be teach-ing Public Health 201, Introduction to Public Health, in spring 2014. “The bachelor’s in public health is really focusing on how do we im-prove the health of populations,” Maddock said. “So this is looking at things like how do we improve clean water, improving health policy, im-proving health behaviors.”

A BACHELORʼS IN PUBLIC HEALTH According to Maddock, the stu-dents who come into the degree are going to learn a variety of skills relat-ing to public health. “They’re going to learn how to work with people to help them change their be-haviors,” Maddock said. “They’re going to learn about the policy aspect and how

to work with the legislature to change policies to make them healthier. They’re going to learn things about environmen-tal health and how we have sustainabil-ity and how we promote a clean environ-ment and how that’s been going on for generations. They’re also going to learn about epidemiology, which is looking at epidemics in populations.” Maddock said students will be able to start the degree program as early as their freshman year. The Offi ce of Public Health Stud-ies has already been teaching some of the courses required for the degree, with some of them dating back fi ve years. These courses include Intro-duction to Public Health, Seminar-Global Public Health and Introduc-tion to Epidemiology. Michelle Tagorda, a pre-health advis-er and graduate student, said Introduction to Public Health is a course for students to see if they’re interested in the fi eld. “It’s a great exploratory course too for students that are just, you know, who may or may not be sure if they’re interest-ed in public health, but it’s a great chance for them to really divert into getting the kind of concepts that they would need,” Tagorda said. Tagorda took classes in public health as an undergraduate. According to Maddock, these cours-es will now apply toward the degree. “In general, a degree in public health gives you a nice macro-scale perspective to healthcare,” Nelson-Hur-witz said. “So whereas in medicine and nursing you work one-on-one with a pa-tient, public health really gives you that broader perspective to how healthcare works, how health in general works and really gives more of a community feel.”

Continued on Page 2

NewsPage 2 | Ka Leo | Wednesday, Oct. 2 2013 Twitter @kaleoohawaii | news@kaleo.org | Noelle Fujii Editor | Fadi Youkhana Associate

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Megan Cagasan, a senior ma-joring in interdisciplinary stud-ies with a focus on public health, thinks the bachelor’s in public health is good for the master’s in public health program. “I think it’s good for the overall MPH program, but it’s a little sad for someone like me who went through the interdisciplinary studies pro-gram,” Casagan said. “Like it kind of makes me wish the program was there before. But I think it’s good that they’re encouraging undergraduate students to go into the actual under-graduate program.” The Offi ce of Public Health Stud-ies offers two master’s degrees and two doctorates with 95 students in those programs. “And there’s probably another 40 undergraduate students that are tak-ing classes, but of course aren’t in the degree yet,” Maddock said.

LOOKING AHEAD Maddock said four additional courses will be added to the public health bachelor’s degree program in the spring semester with Introduc-tion to Public Health being offered every semester. He said most of the electives won’t take place until next year. “I think next is we’re really go-ing to be growing the number of

classes that we have,” Maddock said. “We’re hoping to recruit sev-eral faculty this year so that we can offer probably up to 15 different public health classes. And we’d love to see the major grow so that we have 400 plus students majoring.”

DEGREES AT UH The proposal for a bachelor’s de-gree in public health was approved by the Board of Representatives’ Aca-demic Affairs Committee at its Sept.

4 meeting. This degree was one of seven new degree proposals the com-mittee received, with two being from the Mānoa campus, according to Academic Affairs Committee Chair Chuck Gee. The second degree that was ap-proved was a master’s of geoscience. “We found that these pro-posed degrees fully met the board’s criteria of projected em-ployment needs in their respec-tive fields, had requisite student enrollment interest, compared well against peer models, showed

projected cost efficiency and ac-creditation approval, and most importantly, would fit in with UHM’s overall strategic academ-ic development plan as attested by its campus administration,” Gee said in an email. According to Gee, the num-ber of academic programs that are approved by the committee f luctuate from year to year. In the academic year 2012-13, 11 new degrees were approved for the

university system compared to 17 new degrees in 2011-12. Of the 17 degrees, two were from the Mānoa campus. In 2010-11, 13 new degrees were ap-proved with fi ve being from Mānoa. According to Gee, there are dif-ferent stages of approval for new de-grees. New program proposals are approved as provisional programs for three years. Provisional pro-grams may be approved for estab-lished status if they were successful during their provisional period, and approval may be given to accommo-

date accreditation recommendation requirement for specifi c programs. He said each new program de-velopment begins with a request for permission to plan from the campus administration. “Permission may be granted ordenied based on a set of justifi cation criteria,” Gee said. “If granted, the planning proceeds from the pro-posing academic unit, go through review and defense approval at the school or college level, similarly at the campus faculty council/senate level, up to the campus administra-tion, then to the senior administra-tion (vice-president for academic affairs & human resources and the president’s offi ce) for approval re-view before the new proposal may be channeled to the Academic Af-fairs Committee of the BOR.” He said the task of the commit-tee is to “vet all proposals to ascer-tain that procedures have been duly followed and that the programs are fully justifi ed by their proposers and relevant campus administrators.” “Given the fi duciary responsi-bilities of the BOR, denial may occur,though rarely, if a new program has no apparent demonstrated need, can-not be adequately funded, there are questionable overlaps or replication of existing programs, or does not seem to comply with a campus academic di-rection or system mission,” Gee said.

Starting in spring 2014, students will be able to apply for the new master’s of geoscience de-gree that was approved at the Sept. 4 Board of Regents Academic Affairs Committee. The degree will be implemented in fall 2014, according to Garrett Apuzen-Ito, Ph.D., a professor in the Department of Geology and Geophysics. “(The) new degree is a professional mas-ters in geoscience, and we’re abbreviating it as the MGO,” Apuzen-Ito said in a phone call. “That is, (it) emphasizes more applied work and those would be for students who want to do a higher degree and go and work at federal agencies or state agencies or an industry and

apply it to science. It’s a professional degree.” According to Apuzen-Ito, geoscience is the interactions of water and atmo-sphere with the solid earth. “Geosciences would be … sciences related to the study, primarily, of the sol-id earth,” Apuzen-Ito said. The degree requires 30 credits hours of graduate-level courses offered through the Department of Geology and Geophysics as well as upper-level undergraduate courses. “Those particular undergraduate courses emphasize, again, more applied work in industry,” Apuzen-Ito said.

Apuzen-Ito said students can also take courses in other related departments. “It’s designed for students who have a va-riety of backgrounds,” Apuzen-Ito said. Apuzen-Ito said the idea for this degree was conceived about six years ago. “We conducted an alumni survey, and we got lots of feedback from alumni and from other professionals in the fi eld,” Apuzen-Ito said. “ And more recently, it’s been more heavily pursued, probably over the last two years, so the formal submission to request to plan for the degree went in, probably, maybe close to two years ago.”

New degrees throughout UH systemfrom page 1

MASTER’S OF GEOSCIENCE DEGREE

We’re hoping to recruit several fac-ulty this year so that we can offer prob-ably up to 15 different health classes.

- Jay Maddock, Offi ce of Public Health Studies director

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FeaturesPage 4 | Ka Leo | Wednesday, Oct. 2 2013 Twitter @kaleofeatures | features@kaleo.org |Jackie Perreira Editor |Karissa Montania Associate

IKAIKA SHIVELEY

Staff Writer

Sarah (Shauna Macdonald) decides to reconnect with her clos-est friends on their annual adven-turous getaway. As the six women travel deep into the wilderness, they come across an uncharted cave. Once they descend deep into the caverns, they become caved in and must plummet even further into the abyss in search of a way out. As fear and disorientation begin to set in they discover that they are not alone. Cinematography is a key ele-ment of this fi lm. Because they are trapped underground, natural light is limited; therefore, fl ashlights and fl ares become a main source. The occasional night vision cam-corder is also used as a channel for moviegoers to be put directly into the fi lm, giving a narrow fi eld of vi-sion and adding to the terror.

FEAR VERDICT “The Descent” is excellent at keeping viewers tense after the characters enter the darkness. The claustrophobia that’s expe-rienced in the fi lm transcends into the seats, making audiences extremely uncomfortable. Just as the claustrophobia sets in, the ter-ror increases drastically when the blood thirsty inhabitants emerge.

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Dress up as Bluth family ma-triarch Lucille or her quirky son, Buster. Wear a color-ful top and matching skirt, pearls and a short brown wig for Lucille and carry a martini glass to complete the look. For Buster, wear a pinstriped shirt, sweater vest, pants, reading glasses and a hook on your hand.

Relive the glitz and glam-our of F. Scott Fitzger-ald’s novel “The Great Gatsby.” Adapted by Baz Luhrmann, dress as leads Jay Gatsby or Daisy Bu-chanan. For Gatsby, wear a white blazer and pants with a yellow tie and a square pinky ring. For Daisy’s look, pair a blonde wig with a lace dress, long pearls and a silver embel-lished headband.

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Don’t miss out on this FREE event with fun, educational activities for the whole family!

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A Service Learning Program Public announcement. For more volunteer opportunities call #956-4641

UHM Student Specials (UHM validated Fall 13 ID required)

$5 to any performanceBuy-One-Get-One Free Night: Thurs Oct 3Tickets available beginning at 5pm on day of show.

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OpinionsPage 6 | Ka Leo | Wednesday, Oct. 2 2013 Twitter @kaleoopinions | opinions@kaleo.org | Doorae Shin Editor

KEN REYES

Senior Staff Writer

A can of gray spray paint, a cardboard mask, a few comments and perhaps a pseudonym are all it takes to become an anonymous contributor online. In the age of a tech-savvy society, the shadow of online anonymity has given users the freedom to express their thoughts and ideas without being recog-nized or judged by their identity. It has become a universal norm in various news, social networking and forum websites. However, though anonymity provides the masses liberty to speak their minds, it turns ugly when it becomes a platform for cyber-bullying and online bashing. Anonymity generates a lack of account-ability and an air of cowardice in a per-son if it is abused.

WHERE DOES IT EXIST? There are different levels of anonym-ity: One form utilizes the use of a pseud-onym, a false name, and another type uses no identity at all. In news sites such as The Star Advertiser, The New York Times, CNN and FOX News, there are readers and sub-scribers who go by pseudonyms as they

participate in a variety of discussions un-der the comments section of stories. On social networking and forum sites, anonymity and pseudonymity have become a norm in interactions between users. Tumblr, a popular blogging site, has a fea-ture that enables users to send messages under anonymous identities. Question-and-answer sites like Formspring and Ask.fm accommo-date users’ disguises as well.

THE ROLE OF TROLLS “Trolls,” also known as “f lamers” or “online bashers,” exist in the comments section of news stories, anonymous mes-sages and forum threads. These people spark up heated discussions by throwing in “f lamebait” to solicit angry responses from others. Often, comments spark de-bate about sensitive topics such as gen-der, race, religion and politics. Whether “fl amers” do it for entertain-ment purposes or to intentionally damage relationships, being anonymous gives them liberty to laugh and or cause confl ict behind a screen without being identifi ed. Cyber-bullying is another negative outlet for anonymous users on social networking sites. Hate messages and attacks have been linked to teenage suicides such as the death of a 12-year-old girl in Miami a few weeks ago.

According to The New York Times, the victim was cyber-bullied through Facebook, Ask.fm, Kik Messenger and Voxer; the bully-ing prompted her to jump off a platform at an abandoned cement plant. While some may brush off these kinds of attacks, trolls and cyber-bullies have made a serious impact on the way we interact.

LACK OF ACCOUNTABIL ITY Using anonymity online has become a nuisance to users who experience online bashing, and it clearly proves to be a problem for victims of cyber-bullying. A lack of ac-countability is an excuse for users who abuse the ability to remain unidentifi ed online. “Trolls have grown more vicious, more aggressive, and more ingenious,” said Jimmy Soni, managing editor of The Huffington Post media group. “As a re-sult, comment sections can degenerate into some of the darkest places on the Internet. At HuffPost, we publish nearly 9 million comments a month, but we’ve reached the point where roughly three-quarters of our incoming comments never see the light of day, either because they are f lat-out spam or because they contain unpublishable levels of vitriol.” In August, The Huffi ngton Post an-nounced that it would start banning users

from creating anonymous accounts on its site. That policy has been implemented this month. “From its earliest days, The Huffi ngton Post prioritized investing in its community. We wanted to create a positive environment for people to have a real conversation with each other,” Soni continued. Some criticized HuffPost, arguing that anonymity has its value and place in the online world by providing freedom to express ideas and concerns without fear of being condemned either by society or by the government. “What we should all fear is what too many in power want to see: the end of ano-nymity entirely. Governments, in particu-lar, absolutely loathe the idea that people can speak without being identified,” said Dan Gillmor, who wrote a piece for The Guardian in defense of anonymity. While people have a right to free speech and a right to stand up for what they believe in, they should govern what comes out of their mouths or, in this case, out of their fingertips. Not all anonymous users are masked heroes. Some of them may be, in fact, trolls in disguise. It is easy to get caught up in fl ame wars or in sending hate mail anonymously. But it takes more guts to own up to one’s actions and speech and take off the crackled, gray mask called anonymity.

The gray mask of online anonymity

The Huffi ngton Post will no

longer allow anonymous

accounts on its site.

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OpinionsPage 7 | Ka Leo | Wednesday, Oct. 2 2013Twitter @kaleoopinions | opinions@kaleo.org | Doorae Shin Editor

Manon theSTREET

SHAY TAMASHIRO SOPHMORE

MECHANIC AL ENGINEER ING MAJOR

ALEX A PEREZ FRESHMAN

UNDECL ARED

“I don’t know much about it. I guess no one’s coming to an agreement on anything. My sister is in the mili-tary and she’s not getting paid, so that’s kind of ridiculous.”

“My mother works for the federal govern-ment, so she could get affected by the shutdown. She said she would have to go to work without pay. It is not fair for her to have to go to work even though she is not getting paid. It is the govern-ment’s fault for not fi guring out their fi s-cal policy and their budget limitations, not the workers. Pay should not be lost.”

CORY MAU SOPHMORE

CHE MISTRY M AJOR

“It is just ironic that a government that was initially created by the people for the people is not doing what is best for the people.”

COMPLIED BY FADI YOUKHANA

Associate News Editor

A partial shutdown of the federal government has tak-en effect as of 12:01 a.m. Tuesday morning. The shut-down came after Congress failed to agree on a new budget. The shutdown has put more than 700,000 federal employees out of work. UHM students voiced their opinions about the issue.

What’s your reaction to the government shutting down?

Advertising@kaleo.org | Gabrielle Pangilinan Student Ad ManagerPage 8 | Ka Leo | Wednesday, Oct. 2 2013

ComicsPage 9 | Ka Leo | Wednesday, Oct. 2 2013Comics@kaleo.org | Nicholas Smith Editor

Fill in the grid so that every row, every column, and every 3x3 box contains the

digits 1 thru 9.

Puzzles will become progressively more diffi cult

through the week.

Solutions, tips and computer program at www.sudoku.com

Go to www.kaleo.org for this puzzle’s solution.

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GamesPage 10 | Ka Leo | Wednesday, Oct. 2 2013 Advertising@kaleo.org | Gabrielle Pangilinan Student Ad Manager

Los Angeles Times Daily Crossword Puzzle Edited by Rich Norris and Joyce Lewis

ACROSS1 Cried oneʼs eyes out5 Facial expression

11 Hang down14 Pre-migraine

phenomenon, for some15 Hot wings did him in16 It may need a boost17 *Shopperʼs aid19 Barracks bed20 Scattering seed21 Raid the fridge22 Songwriter Bacharach23 Small combo25 Katana-wielding warrior27 Barking sound30 Responsibility32 Choice in a booth33 Evening for trivia buffs36 Disney lioness38 “That __ last year!”39 In the future, or, when

spoken with a long starting vowel, what the last word of the answers to starred clues can have

41 1492 vessel43 Hoodlum45 Run-down urban

buildings47 HST part, say: Abbr.49 Ex-Yankee Martinez50 “A mouse!”51 Takes care of54 Islands in the stream56 Meringue needs57 Alts.59 Homemade pistol63 Bygone space station64 *Stop-action film

technique66 Rock gp. known for its

symphonic sound67 Maker of Light & Fit

yogurt68 Jungfrauʼs range69 Homerʼs nice neighbor

70 Battery parts71 Push to the limit

DOWN1 Clowns2 Mark replacement3 Figurehead spot4 Silently understood5 Birth state of four of the

first five American presidents

6 More than unfriendly7 Word after fire or bake8 Met program details9 Austrian painter Klimt

10 Superlative suffix11 *Phone that canʼt be

tapped12 Ancient Greek market13 Mob boss John18 Subject of the 2003 TV

film “The Crooked E”22 Zippo filler24 Should, with “to”26 Work-wk. start27 Pollution meas.28 Tin Woodmanʼs trouble29 *Anglerʼs equipment31 Fitted bedding item34 “Gadzooks!”35 Patty Hearst, in the SLA37 Kitty builder40 Inhabitants42 Pose44 Miracle Mets manager

Hodges46 Recurring theme48 Mideast capital51 Hunks52 Like gymnasts53 Shorthand expert55 Fat-shunning fellow58 Email button60 Storm wind61 Calls the game62 Brooding place64 Govt. Rx watchdog65 Actress Caldwell

Fill in the grid so that every row, every column, and every 3x3 box contains the

digits 1 thru 9.

Puzzles will become progressively more diffi cult

through the week.

Solutions, tips and computer program at www.sudoku.com

Go to www.kaleo.org for this puzzle’s solution.

HOMEHOMECOMINGCOMING

20132013

GET IT

ON

10

.23

.13

GET IT O

N1

0.2

3.1

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SportsPage 11 | Ka Leo | Wednesday, Oct. 2 2013Twitter @kaleosports | sports@kaleo.org | Joey Ramirez Editor | Jeremy Nitta Associate

JEREMY NITTA

Associate Sports Editor

The Rainbow Warrior basket-ball team offi cially tipped off the 2013-14 season with a three-hour practice that covered everything from layups to inbounding defense. Hawai‘i, coming off a 17-15 record and a 10-8 fi nish in the Big West, is preparing to get its second season in the Big West underway. “I want to play for champion-ships,” head coach Gib Arnold said. “We obviously want to be Big West champions and get a chance to play in the NCA A Tournament and experience March Madness.” This season, Hawai‘i may have the fi repower to do so. UH returns four letterwinners from last year’s squad, including Big West fi rst-team selection senior forward Christian Standhardinger and co-Big West Freshman of the Year Isaac Fotu, another forward. Also returning are seniors Brandon Spearman and center Davis Rozitis. “This is the most I’ve ever had, in terms of returnees,” Ar-nold said. “I feel that we have a veteran team, even though we are very young. I think we’re going to rely a lot on Christian, Spearman, Isaac and Davis to help the young guys catch up to speed. But I think those guys are going to be up to the task as leaders.” Hawai‘i also has a strong group of newcomers this sea-son, highlighted by junior guard Keith Shamburger, a former standout from San Jose State who leads a group of new guards. “I think an emerging strength is going to be the ath-leticism of our guards,” Arnold said. “I feel this is the most

athletic group of guards that I ’ve had. A lthough they’re un-proven, I really l ike them, and I think we have a chance to be much quicker than we were last year. And if we’re quicker, then we’ll be able to get af ter people more defensively.” But one of the players Ar-nold has perhaps the highest hopes for is Fotu, who made an instant impact last season as a true freshman. Fotu, who averaged 10.1 points and 6.2 rebounds a game last season, is being encouraged by Arnold to take charge more this season. “He’s very productive and ex-tremely unselfish,” Arnold said.

“A big part of his transition to the next level will be to become a dominant offensive player. I think it ’d even be okay if he takes a few bad shots. I think it ’s time we give him the freedom to do that. I don’t remember him ever taking a bad shot last season. “Sometimes, it ’s about those guys being hungry and (forc-ing) the issue a little bit. I think that he’s that good, and I have no problem with him stepping into that role.” In addition to the returnees, Arnold also has high hopes for his entire squad in general. “That’s every coach’s dream and goal to make the postseason, but wins will take care of them-selves if you do the little things,” Arnold said. “So my emphasis will always be on getting them funda-mentally sound, playing together. We’re going to be defense fi rst, with a ‘team wins’ mentality. I think we really need to step up from last year defensively. I think if we can play better defense, then we’ll see a lot more wins this season.”

Rainbow Warriors hungry for

start of season

Senior forward

Christian Stand-

hardinger led the Rainbow

Warriors with 15.8 points

per game last season.

ISMAEL MA KA LEO O HAWAI‘I

ADMISSIONWITH VALID UH MANOA ID

FOR SEASON SCHEDULESVISIT HAWAIIATHLETICS.COMVISIT HAWAIIATHLETICS.COM

AND FOLLOW US ON @HAWAIIATHLETICS

Free Jack in the Box VIP cards to the fi rst 10,000 fans, good for a 10-piece

order of chicken nuggets

RAINBOW WARRIOR FOOTBALL - #HawaiiFBSaturday vs. San Jose State @ 6PM

SportsPage 12 | Ka Leo | Wednesday, Oct. 2 2013 Twitter @kaleosports | sports@kaleo.org | Joey Ramirez Editor | Jeremy Nitta Associate

MADDIE SAPIGAO

Senior Staff Writer

Confi dence is something that the Rainbow Wahine volleyball team (13-1, 2-0 Big West) isn’t lacking. After going four-for-four in preseason tournaments and sweeping Cal State Fullerton (7-6,0 -1 BWC) and UC Riverside (1-12,0-1 BWC) this past weekend, the ‘Bows are going into their fi rst conference road trip with high hopes and expectations. “We played well on the road in Wichita, and that was pretty far for us to travel with that being said and done already,” senior out-side hitter Emily Hartong said. “We are capable of going in just a short fl ight and playing well.” Hawai‘i will travel to Cali-fornia to play UC Irvine (9-7,0 -2 BWC) and Long Beach State (8-7,1-1 BWC). Starters like Hartong and senior setter Mita Uiato are from Southern California, so the Rainbow Wahine have an even greater incentive to win. “It is really exciting going back to your hometown and see people who you grew up with that come and support,” Uiato said.

Last year, UH won both matches against LBSU. At home the Rainbow Wahine swept the 49ers with ease, but in Long Beach, the ‘Bows were chal-lenged and dropped a set. LBSU’s lone senior Delainey Aigner-Swesey leads the 49ers in offense with 214 kills and is second in digs with 174 behind LBSU libero Tyler Jackson with 175 digs. “For the girls that were here last year, knowing that we went to fi ve with them at the (Walter) Pyramid, it is a little harder to play there,” Uiato said. Hawai‘i was victorious against UCI in both matches last year. Just like LBSU, the ‘Bows crushed the Anteaters at home in three sets but struggled at the Bren Center in Irvine. The ‘Eaters took the Rainbow Wahine to fi ve sets, but eventually lost in the fi nal frame 15-10. The Anteaters are led of-fensively by senior Aly Squires with 200 kills and 167 digs. Lead-ing UCI defensively is freshman Arden Davis with 177 digs. “It ’ll be different in their at-mosphere in their own arena, but I don’t think those kind of ele-ments really affect us that much

as long as we are bringing the en-ergy and communicating on the court,” Hartong said. The Rainbow Wahine have had impressive away records in years past, and this year shouldn’t be any different. But the ‘Bows can’t let their guard down when playing LBSU and UCI on the road, as both teams

will be looking for revenge against UH. Currently leading the Rainbow Wahine is Hartong with 220 kills and 136 digs. Following behind her is junior middle hitter Kalei Adol-pho with 113 kills and 40 blocks. Uiato has tallied 529 assists and 26 kills, while senior libero Ali Longo leads defensively with 209 digs.

‘Bows take their show on the road

UPCOMING GAMESHawai‘i at Long Beach State

Friday, 5 p.m.

Hawai‘i at UC IrvineSaturday, 4 p.m.

Sophomore mid-dle blocker Jade Vorster (9) leads

the Big West with a .388 hitting

percentage, while freshman setter

Taylor Higgins (7) is second on the team with 1.27 assists per set.

SHANE GRACEKA LEO O HAWAI‘I