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Floating Wind Foundations and Turbine Topology

Offshore Wind Structures Conference, London

Stuart Bradley Strategy Manager, Offshore Renewables


What is the ETI?

ETI programme associate

ETI members

• The ETI is a public-private partnership

between global energy and engineering

companies and the UK Government

• Our role is to bring together engineering

projects that accelerate the development of

affordable, secure and sustainable

technologies that help the UK address its

long-term emissions reductions targets as

well as delivering nearer term benefits.


Offshore Wind Scenarios

Clockwork

• 2050 electricity capacity ~ 130GW

– 20GW Offshore Wind

– 15GW Onshore Wind

– 10GW Other renewables

Patchwork

• 2050 electricity capacity ~190GW

– 55GW Offshore wind

– 20GW Onshore wind

– 45GW Other renewables


Offshore Wind Fleet in 2050

• 20GW to 55GW

• Wind Turbine volumes between 6MW

to 15MW

– 6MW = 3300 to 9100 units

– 10MW = 2000 to 5500 units

– 15MW = 1300 to 3600 units

• Floating could be 8 to 16GW

– 530 to 2600 units


Deeper Water Foundations

Source: Glosten Associates


ETI commissioned a FEED study for a TLP based system

• Best “additionality for ETI”

– Led by Glosten Associates

– Alstom Haliade 6MW turbine

• Direct Drive Generator

• Full Power Converters

• 150m Blade Diameter

– Buoyant Hull

• Greater than 30m arm radius

• More than 1000 tonnes

– Tendon and Bearings

– Pile anchors


Wind Turbine Power Trends

Between now and 2030 onwards…..

• Wind Turbine growth in power capacity

• Cost per MW installed

– Capital Expenditure

– Operating Costs

• Environmental Impact

• Safety and Security

ETI / Blade Dynamics VLB Project 80-metre long blade prototype

Courtesy of Siemens Wind Power – 6MW 154m rotor and Airbus 380


Impacts

Wind Turbine Power Rating Increase

• 6MW towards 10MW

– Blade Size, Design and

Clearances, loads and transient

events

– Taller Tower due to wave

clearances

– Top Head Mass

– Installation complexity and risk

Foundation

– Stability

– Design for transient events,

fatigue

– Float-out and Fit loads

– How do the different foundation

topologies cope?


Electrical Machine Topologies

• Pseudo Direct Drive

• Axial Flux Machine

• More…

• Synchronous Generator

– Electrically Excited

– Permanent Magnet

• Doubly Fed Induction Generator

• Reluctance

• Direct Current

6MW DD PMG Photo courtesy of Alstom


Todays Machine Topologies

• Lowest Cost

• Availability

• Risk / Proven Design

• Robustness

• Installation complexity

• Efficiency

• Mass

• Grid Compatibility

PMG

• Availability

• Efficiency

• Grid Compatibility

• Cost

• Risk / Proven Design

• Robustness

• Mass

• Installation Complexity

DFIG


Existing >10MW Machines

• 10MW, 10 rpm = 9.55MNm

• Gearless Mill Drives (8.86 rpm, 30MNm)

• Ship Propulsion (circa 90rpm, 3.8MNm)

• Test System (10rpm, 17.2MNm)

• Hydro-generators (330rpm, 20MNm)

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350

Torq

ue,

MN

m

Speed, RPM

MW, Low Speed Motors

10MW Offshore Marine Propulsion Motor GMD Energy Store Hydrogenerator Wind Tunnel Test Rig

Gearless Mill Drive, ABB

Marine Propulsion, Rolls Royce

Test System, ETI / GE

Hydro-generator Alstom


Future Developments

• DD PMG / Other

– Pseudo Direct Drive

– Reduced Mass designs, including

modular, flexible rotors etc.

• Superconducting machines

2MW HTS Machine – GE Rugby UK

Pseudo Direct Drive System – Magnomatics, Sheffield UK

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

0 100 200 300 400 500 600

Pow

er, M

W

Top Head Mass, T

Top Head Mass vs Power


Conclusions

Drivetrain influences on the Foundation

include;

• CAPEX effects

– Top head mass

– Short-circuit torque and other

transients

– Tower / blade clearance

• OPEX effects

– Reliability / Availability

– Installation costs


For more information

about the ETI visit

www.eti.co.uk

For the latest ETI news

and announcements

email [email protected]

The ETI can also be

followed on Twitter

@the_ETI

Registered Office

Energy Technologies Institute

Holywell Building

Holywell Park

Loughborough

LE11 3UZ

For all general enquiries

telephone the ETI on

01509 202020.

©2015 energy technologies institute llp ©2015 energy ... · ©2015 energy technologies institute...

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