2017 national planning conference

2017 National Planning Conference Incentivizing the Sale of Healthy and Local Food Saturday, May 6, 2017

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New York City Food Policy

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The Mayor’s Office plays a coordinating role

The mission of the Office of the Food Policy Director is to advance the City’s efforts to increase food security, promote access to and awareness of healthy foods, and support economic justice and opportunity in the food system. • Reports to the Deputy Mayor for Health and Human Services and

works closely with the Deputy Mayor for Housing and Economic Development and other Mayoral offices.

• Coordinates multiple City agencies and offices, and brokers

partnerships with advocates and nonprofit and community organizations.

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New York City Food Policy: Goals

• Everyone in New York City has enough to eat • New Yorkers have equal access to nutritious, good

food • Food in New York City comes from an equitable and

sustainable food system

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New York City Food Policy: Challenges

1.37 million people (16.4%) were food insecure at least some time during the year in 2014.

Food Bank For New York City analysis based on Gundersen, C., A. Dewey, A. Crumbaugh, M. Kato & E. Engelhard. Map the Meal Gap 2016: Food Insecurity and Child Food Insecurity Estimates at the County Level. Feeding America, 2016.

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Fruit and Vegetable Consumption by Neighborhood

Mean Servings Per Day

New York City Community Health Survey, 2013

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Retail Food Stores (Nov 2015), NYS Dept. of Agriculture and Markets.

Community District 2015 population estimate is derived by allocating population growth at the borough level to each CD, based on the distribution of DOB permits issued between 2010 and 2015. NYC City Planning - Community Districts

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New York City Food Policy: Strategies

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Goals: reduce food insecurity, increase F&V Consumption

Strategy: Increase the availability of fruits and vegetables in underserved neighborhoods • Shop Healthy • Green Carts • FRESH • Farm to Preschool / Fresh

Food Boxes • Farmers Markets &

Youthmarket

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Goal: reduce food insecurity, increase F&V Consumption

Strategy: Increase purchasing power of low-income New Yorkers • SNAP enrollment • Health Bucks • Nutrition Incentives

Holly Freishtat, Baltimore City Food Policy Director 2017 National Planning Conference

May 6, 2017

Baltimore Food Policy Initiative: Incentivizing the Sale of Healthy and Local Foods

Baltimore Food Policy Overview

Address health, economic and environmental disparities by increasing access to healthy

affordable food in food deserts in Baltimore City

Baltimore Food Policy Initiative (BFPI) • Inter-governmental collaboration

– Baltimore Office of Sustainability, Department of Planning, Health Department & Baltimore Development Corporation

• Food Policy Action Coalition (Food PAC) – 60 diverse stakeholders – Food PAC provides opportunities for

collaboration and idea sharing around food-related organizations in Baltimore.

• Resident Food Equity Advisors – 16 residents, 14 city council districts,

6 meetings

http://planning.baltimorecity.gov/sites/default/files/BFPI%20Organizational%20Overview%20FINAL_0.pdf

http://planning.baltimorecity.gov/baltimore-food-policy-initiative/food-policy-action-committee

http://planning.baltimorecity.gov/baltimore-food-policy-initiative/food-policy-action-committee

http://planning.baltimorecity.gov/resident-food-equity-advisors

Influencing Policy Data & Reports

Food Desert Definition • ¼ mile from supermarket • Low vehicle availability • At or below 185% federal poverty level • Low Healthy Food Availability Score Impact • 25% City residents (158,000 people) • 30% School aged children • 25% Seniors Food Environment • 45 Supermarkets • 435 Corner Stores • 300 Convenience Stores

Food Desert Map

Council Districts

Food Desert Retail Strategy 1. Expand and Retain Supermarkets 2. Improve the Food Environment of

Non-Traditional Grocery Retail 3. Improve Healthy Food Availability in the

Public Market Setting 4. Expand Homegrown Baltimore to serve

food desert neighborhoods 5. Develop a Food Access

Transportation Strategy

http://planning.baltimorecity.gov/sites/default/files/Baltimore%20City%20Food%20Desert%20Retail%20Strategy.pdf

Incentives for Healthy Foods

Food Desert Incentive Areas Personal Property Tax Credit • A 10-year, 80 percent credit against the personal

property tax for supermarkets and grocery stores locating in or making significant improvements in food desert incentive areas

Qualifications • Must be located in a Food Desert Incentive Area • Have expanded on new personal property an

amount equal to or greater than $150,000 or $25 per square foot

• 1,000 square feet dedicated to fruits, vegetables, meat, seafood and dairy products

http://baltimoredevelopment.com/incentives/tax-credits/food-desert

Community Food Access Programs Virtual Supermarket

• The Health Department coordinates online grocery ordering at 10 senior, disabled and public housing sites

• Deliver to central site and SNAP is accepted • $10 incentives on healthy foods the first time you place

an order and on six holidays throughout the year • Run by Neighborhood Food Advocates

Healthy Stores Program • 14 Healthy Corner Stores • Incentives for the store owners to participate • 45 middle school students trained as

Youth Neighborhood Food Advocates

https://www.baltimarket.org/virtual-supermarket/

https://www.baltimarket.org/healthy-corner-stores/

https://www.baltimarket.org/healthy-corner-stores/

Locally Grown Community Supported Agriculture • Changed Labor Union MOU to allow for CSAs to be

an approved use for the $250 Wellness Reimbursement • City Hall CSA delivery drop off from Real Food Farm Farmers Markets • 17 farmers markets in Baltimore City • 10 accept SNAP and double incentives

– 25+ vendors accept SNAP and 2x incentives on smartphones

• Maryland Farmers Market Association – Coordinate Maryland Market Money 2x incentives

Conclusion

For More Information Please Contact: Holly Freishtat

Food Policy Director [email protected]

443-928-3477

mailto:[email protected]

New York City’s FRESH Program

May 6, 2017 American Planning Association National Planning Conference

Tax Incentives

Approved 24

Closed 22

Open 13

Zoning

Approved 9

In Process 11

Average Size 10,000 – 13,000 sf

FRESH Projects Since 2009

2 F R E S H

Less

Moderate

High

Supermarket Need Index Supermarket Need Index Measurement of Need

Less

Moderate

High

Findings:

B A C K G R O U N D

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• Highest need exists in northern Manhattan, the South Bronx, Central Brooklyn, and Jamaica, Queens.

• More supermarkets are needed citywide. EDC estimated approximately $1 Billion in lost City grocery sales to suburban stores.

F R E S H

Findings:

B A C K G R O U N D

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• 3 million New Yorkers live in high need areas.

• High need areas are concentrated in the District Public Health Office (DPHO) areas.

• Over one million New Yorkers live in the three DPHO areas.

F R E S H

5 F R E S H

FRESH Food Store Areas where zoning and financial incentives apply Additional areas where FRESH financial incentives may be available

F R E S H F O O D S T O R E A R E A S

• FRESH combines a package of financial and zoning incentives in specific FRESH Food Store Areas.

• Financial incentives may be available in broader areas of the City that are underserved, including the north shore of Staten Island and in other neighborhoods in the Bronx, Brooklyn and Queens.

What food stores qualify for FRESH?

A store whose primary business is the sale of a general line of food products intended for home preparation and consumption, including a healthful selection of fresh fruits and vegetables; fresh and prepared meats, fish, and poultry; canned and frozen foods; dairy; and nonfood grocery products.

(1) the total store selling area occupies a minimum of

6,000 sq. ft.; (2) a minimum of 30 percent of total store selling area is

devoted to the sale of perishable products that includes dairy; fresh produce; fresh meats, poultry, and fish; and frozen foods; and

(3) a minimum of 500 sq. ft of selling area is devoted to

fresh produce (fruits and vegetables).

D E F I N I T I O N

6 F R E S H

• One additional square foot of residential floor area would be allowed for every square foot provided for a FRESH food store up to 20,000 sq. ft.

• Where contextual envelopes apply, buildings would be required to abide by height limits and other bulk regulations.

• By City Planning Commission Authorization, the development could apply to exceed the height limit by a maximum of one story if the contextual envelope prevents them from achieving the full development potential.

1. Additional floor area in a residential building with a ground floor FRESH food store

Z O N I N G I N C E N T I V E S

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If this new building in Manhattan included a 15,000 sq. ft. FRESH food store, it could provide approximately 15 additional dwelling units. This site is more than a ¼ mile from the nearest existing grocery store.

R7A/C1-4

F R E S H

CPC may permit the applicable maximum building height to be increased by up to 15 feet or one story when the ground floor is occupied by a certified FRESH food store

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ADDITIONAL HEIGHT

F R E S H

2. Reduction in required parking

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A 15,000 sq ft grocery store built on this site in Brooklyn under current zoning would have 75 parking spaces required, more than are needed. Under the proposal, a FRESH food store would not be required to provide parking. This site is more than a ¼ mile from the nearest existing grocery store.

C2-2/R5

F R E S H

• In commercial districts that require parking, except for C8- districts, FRESH food stores up to 40,000 sq. ft. would not be required to provide parking. These areas are dense and pedestrian-oriented, and current parking requirements are unnecessarily high

• In C8- and M1- districts, the first 15,000 sq. ft. of grocery store would have a low parking requirement. After the first 15,000 sq. ft. underlying parking requirements would apply. These areas are generally adjacent to residential areas, where some parking is necessary but where current requirements are unnecessarily high.

• Reduced parking requirements will decrease costs associated with parking for FRESH food stores along pedestrian-oriented retail streets in the FRESH Food Store Areas.

3. Modified light manufacturing use regulations • Permit FRESH food stores as-of-right up to 30,000 sq. ft. from 10,000 sq. ft. in all M1 districts within

FRESH Food Store Areas

• Eliminates the need for a special permit and its costly and lengthy land use and environmental review for stores up to 30,000 sq. ft.

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Current zoning would only allow a 10,000 sq ft grocery store to be built on this site in the Bronx. Under the proposal, a FRESH food store up to 30,000 sq. ft. would be permitted as-of-right. This site is more than a ¼ mile from the nearest existing grocery store in a Mixed Use District.

F R E S H

M1-2/R6A

• Have FRESH food store certified by the City Planning Commission Chair;

• Demonstrate a commitment, through lease or MOU, to continually tenant a FRESH store in the building that meets the floor area requirements; and

• Record declaration of restrictions on the deed to the property specifying this commitment to retain an FRESH food store.

Buildings receiving any zoning incentives must:

Buildings receiving additional floor area must:

C E R T I F I C A T I O N

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• Have grocery store Temporary Certificate of Occupancy (TCO) issued before a TCO can be issued for increased residential floor area in the building.

F R E S H

• Sales Tax Exemption on materials used to construct, renovate or equip facilities

• Mortgage Recording Tax Waiver on tax associated with recorded mortgages

• Property Tax Exemption on increased assessed value resulting from new construction/renovations

A package of discretionary financial incentives for developers and operators of qualifying FRESH food stores can help reduce initial start up costs and ongoing property taxes.

F I N A N C I A L I N C E N T I V E S

12 F R E S H

growingfoodconnections.org planning.org/research/foodconnections

Incentivizing the Sale of Healthy & Local Food APA National Planning Conference 2017

Saturday, May 6, 2017 | 2:30 p.m. - 3:45 p.m. Ann Dillemuth, Kimberley Hodgson

Molly Hartman, Barry Dinerstein, Holly Freishtat


Moderators

• Ann Dillemuth, AICP, American Planning Association • Kimberley Hodgson, AICP, Cultivating Healthy Places

Speakers

• Molly Hartman, New York City, Office of the Mayor • Barry Dinerstein , New York City, Dept of City Planning • Holly Freishtat , City of Baltimore, Planning Dept


Agenda

• Introduction – Ann Dillemuth • The Importance of Incentivizing Sales of Healthy and

Local Foods – Kimberley Hodgson • New York City – Molly Hartman and Barry Dinerstein • Baltimore - Holly Freishtat • Audience Q&A


5-year, USDA-funded project to: Build capacity of local governments to strengthen community food systems through planning and policy Enhance food security while ensuring sustainable and economically viable agriculture and food production

USDA/NIFA AFRI Food Systems Program NIFA Award #2012-68004-19894


Project Team

Outreach Coordinator: Jessica Fydenkevez

Partners

Principal Investigators: Samina Raja, Jill Clark, Kimberley Hodgson, Julia Freedgood


Local and regional governments actively developing and implementing plans and policies to strengthen their community food systems.

Strategies POLICY & PRACTICE


Strategies POLICY & PRACTICE

Based on our research and lessons learned, providing support to 8 communities as they develop strategies, plans and policies to strengthen their food systems


GFC & APA Resources

growingfoodconnections.org • Planning & Policy Briefs

– Incentivizing the Sale of Healthy and Local Food: The local government’s role in promoting access to and purchase of good food

• Food Policy Database • Exploring Stories of Innovation • Innovation Deep Dives planning.org/research/foodaccess/ • Planning for Food Access and the Community-Based Food

System


Incentivizing the Sale of Healthy, Local Food The Problem, The Solution, The Benefits

Kimberley Hodgson, MURP, MS, AICP, RD Principal / Cultivating Healthy Places

Co-Investigator / Growing Food Connections [email protected]



The problem…

Under nutrition, over nutrition, and diet-related diseases • Under nutrition (hunger) & Over nutrition (overconsumption)

– In 2014, 14% of U.S. households (including 7.9 million children) experienced food insecurity, of which 61% participated in SNAP or WIC.

– food insecurity exacerbates overconsumption of cheaper, energy-dense processed foods that are high in calories but low in nutrients.

• Diet-related, preventable diseases – Obesity, overweight epidemic (and related increases in diabetes and

some cancers) – Diet-related, preventable diseases contribute to >$147 to $210

billion in preventable healthcare spending


Source: The State of Obesity, Obesity Rates & Trends


Source: Centers for Disease Control & Prevention, https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/pubs/images/diabetes-infographic.jpg

https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/pubs/images/diabetes-infographic.jpg


The problem… (cont.)

The healthy choice is not the easy choice.

• Challenges to accessing healthy food – Lack of healthy food retail options – Lack of healthy, culturally appropriate options – Ease of access to unhealthy food retail options – Inequities across neighborhoods

• Challenges to purchasing healthy food – Lack of affordable, healthy options – Lack of affordable, local options


The problem…(cont.)

Physical access to and purchase of healthy food is influenced by a number of factors. • What food is available – quantity, quality, variety and

acceptability? • Where is food available? • How much does food cost?


Local governments play an important role in addressing these various factors of food access.

The solution (for local governments)…

LOCAL POLICY

plans

regulations

guidance physical projects

programs

funding



If you build it, they will come??? • Presences of healthy food retail ≠ healthy diets • Need a combination of approaches, involving multiple

departments of local government – Land use / built environment – Transportation – Financial assistance – Education



Local governments can… • Incentivize the sale of healthy food

– Financial and Regulatory Incentives for Grocery Store Development

– Direct Financial Support for Individual Grocery Store Development – Incentive Programs for Healthy Food Retail in Corner Stores – Incentives for Grocery Delivery to Underserved Residents

• Incentivize the sale of healthy, local food – Incentive Programs for Farmers Markets – Incentive Programs for Community Supported Agriculture – Regulatory Incentives for Direct Retail of Local Food


Examples: Healthy Food

• Washington DC Supermarket Tax Exemption Act • Washington DC Food, Environmental, and Economic

Development in the District of Columbia (FEED) Act of 2010

• New York City Food Retail Expansion to Support Health (FRESH) Program

• Minneapolis Healthy Corner Store Program • Denver Healthy Corner Store Initiative • Baltimore’s Baltimarket


Examples: Healthy & Local Food

• Seattle Fresh Bucks Program • Seattle Good Food Bag

Program • Lawrence-Douglas County,

Kansas Market Match Program

• Minneapolis Mini-Market Project and Ordinance

• Homegrown Baltimore Employee Wellness CSA


The benefits…

• Health – Improve access to healthy food – Improve ability to afford and purchase healthy food – Improve food security – Improve people’s diets and reduce risk for diet-related diseases

• Economic – Healthy food retail can generate jobs and income for residents – Healthy food retail can increase property values of nearby homes – Healthy food retail can generate tax revenue

• Both – by supporting healthy and local – Simultaneously improve people’s health and the health of the local economy

• Support local farmers • Support local food businesses • Keep food dollars within the community


Questions?


Contact Information

• Ann Dillemuth, AICP, American Planning Association, [email protected]

• Kimberley Hodgson, AICP, Cultivating Healthy Places, [email protected]

• Molly Hartman, New York City, Office of the Mayor, [email protected]

• Barry Dinerstein , New York City, Dept of City Planning, [email protected]

• Holly Freishtat , City of Baltimore, Planning Dept, [email protected]







Questions?


Contact Information • Ann Dillemuth, AICP, American Planning Association,

[email protected] • Kimberley Hodgson, AICP, Cultivating Healthy Places,

[email protected] • Molly Hartman, New York City, Office of the Mayor,

[email protected] • Barry Dinerstein , New York City, Dept of City Planning,

[email protected] • Holly Freishtat , City of Baltimore, Planning Dept,

[email protected]






2017 national planning conference

Documents