2.2. andré pedrosa, helena albuquerque, zélia breda
TRANSCRIPT
Promoting the Aveiro region as a cycling tourism destination:The definition of cycle routes
using GISAndré Pedrosa 1, Helena Albuquerque 2, Zélia Breda 3
1 DEGEIT | University of Aveiro [ [email protected] ]2 GOVCOPP | University of Aveiro [ [email protected] ]
3 DEGEIT, GOVCOPP | University of Aveiro [ [email protected] ]
STRUCTURE
1. Theoretical framework: Cycling tourism and Geographic Information Systems
2. Aveiro Region
3. Methodology: Definition of cycle tourist routes using GISa) Selection of the points of interestb) Definition of routes according to a set of criteria that influence cycling
experiencec) Validation, test and communication
4. Final remarks
Cycling tourism“Cycle tourism can be defined as recreational visits, either overnight or day visits away from home, which involve leisure cycling as a fundamental and significant part of the visit.”Sustrans (1999)
Geographic Information Systems“Everyone has their own favorite definition of a GIS, and there are many to choose from.”“A container of maps in digital form” or a “tool for performing operations on geographic data that are too tedious or expensive or inaccurate if performed by hand.” Longley, Goodchild, Maguire, & Rhind (2005)
1. Theoretical framework 2. Aveiro Region 3. Methodology 4. Final remarks
• Approximately 365,000 inhabitants
• Approximately 1,700 sq. km
• Main natural resources: Aveiro Lagoon, Natural Reserve of São Jacinto Dunes, Vouga River, Pateira de Fermentelos.
• Main cultural heritage: Art Nouveau architecture, tiles, traditions, …
• Gastronomy: Eel, Cod, Ovos Moles (Aveiro), Pão-de-Ló (Ovar), roasted piglet and wine from Bairrada
Figure 1: Aveiro region
1. Theoretical framework 2. Aveiro Region 3. Methodology 4. Final remarks
Phase 1: Selection of points of interest
• Analysis of plans and programs related with cycling and tourism in the Aveiro region;
• Analysis of webpages about tourism in this region: Turismo do Centro, CIRA and municipalities, especially WebGIS “Ria de Aveiro”;
• Selection of points of interest according to their importance and location;
• Individual meetings with stakeholders from each municipality.
2. Aveiro Region 3. Methodology 4. Final remarks1. Theoretical framework
Figure 2: Short haul routes Figure 3: Medium haul routes Figure 4: Long haul routes
Spatial distribution of the points of interest and area radius of each route
2. Aveiro Region 3. Methodology 4. Final remarks1. Theoretical framework
Phase 1: Selection of points of interest
Example: C1 (Short haul route)Points of interest Municipality
Farol da Barra/ Praia da Barra ÍlhavoCais da Bruxa/ Caminho do Praião ÍlhavoPorto de Recreio da Associação Náutica da Gafanha da Encarnação ÍlhavoCaminho do Canal VagosMercado do Peixe/ Praia da Vagueira VagosCais dos Pescadores da Costa Nova ÍlhavoPalheiros da Costa Nova ÍlhavoPraia da Costa Nova ÍlhavoKitebeach / Kite spot Ílhavo
Centro Cultural da Costa Nova Ílhavo
Mercado Municipal da Costa Nova ÍlhavoDoca de Recreio da Marina Clube da Gafanha - MCG Ílhavo
Table 1: Points of interest inside C1 radius area
2. Aveiro Region 3. Methodology 4. Final remarks1. Theoretical framework
Phase 1: Selection of points of interest
•Definition of criteria that influence the selection of the cycling tourism experience
•Processing of geographical data
•Definition of route using the Network Analyst extension (ArcGIS)
2. Aveiro Region 3. Methodology 4. Final remarks1. Theoretical framework
Phase 2: Definition of routes according to several criteria
Selected criteria according to the availability of data
Criteria Data Source
Road length Road segments length
PIMT-RA / CIRACycling pathways Cycling pathways
Traffic Speed Road Speed limitTraffic volume Road capacityDistance from
industrial areasIndustrial areas
location
Landscape Land cover Corine Land Cover (2012)
Classified areas ICNFSlope Altitude MDE Aster
Table 2: Selected criteria, data used and its source
2. Aveiro Region 3. Methodology 4. Final remarks1. Theoretical framework
Phase 2: Definition of routes according to several criteria
Road network• Information about road capacity, speed limit and
cycling pathways.
• Road segment length.
• All values between 0 and 1. Normalization formula:
(Max value – Recorded value) / (Max value – Min value)
• Connection between Ílhavo and São Jacinto (Aveiro) to cross the Aveiro Lagoon by ferryboat.Figure 5: Street network
and ferryboat connection
2. Aveiro Region 3. Methodology 4. Final remarks1. Theoretical framework
Phase 2: Definition of routes according to several criteria
Cycling pathways
• Bike lanes, bike pathways physically separated and bike pathways.
• Updated by each municipality on different dates.
• Road with cycling pathways = 0
• Road without cycling pathways = 1
Figure 6: Cycling pathways in
Aveiro region 2. Aveiro Region 3. Methodology 4. Final remarks1. Theoretical framework
Phase 2: Definition of routes according to several criteria
Speed limit• Road speed limit according with PIMT-RA.
• Highways were deleted.
Speed limit (km/h)
Normalized value (two decimal
places)0 0.0030 0.4340 0.5750 0.7160 0.8670 1.00
Table 3: Value for speed limit
Figure 7: Road speed limit
2. Aveiro Region 3. Methodology 4. Final remarks1. Theoretical framework
Phase 2: Definition of routes according to several criteria
Capacity
• Hourly capacity for each direction according with PIMT-RA.
• Normalization formula results in value 0 for traffic-free roads and in value 1 for streets with hourly capacity for each direction of 3,600 vehicles.
Figure 8: Road capacity
2. Aveiro Region 3. Methodology 4. Final remarks1. Theoretical framework
Phase 2: Definition of routes according to several criteria
Distance to industrial areas
• 14 Industrial areas according with PIMT-RA
Distance (meters) Description Value< 25 Streets inside 1
25 - 100 Access ways 0.75100 - 500 Surrounding roads 0.5
500 - 1,000 Relatively closeby roads 0.25
> 1,000 Other streets 0
Table 4: Distance classes and value
Figure 9: Roads distance from
industrial areas 2. Aveiro Region 3. Methodology 4. Final remarks1. Theoretical framework
Phase 2: Definition of routes according to several criteria
Classified areasClassification Corresponding area
National Network of Protected
AreasNatural Reserve of São
Jacinto Dunes
Natura 2000 Network
Special Protection Zone of the Aveiro
LagoonSites of Community
Importance: Barrinha de Esmoriz; Vouga River; Mira Dunes,
Gândara and Gafanhas; Aveiro
Lagoon Site.
Ramsar SitesPateira de
Fermentelos and the valleys of the rivers Águeda and Cértima
• Classified areas national system
• Roads inside = 0• Roads outside= 1
Table 5: Classified areas in the Aveiro region
Figure 10: Roads location in classified
areas2. Aveiro Region 3. Methodology 4. Final remarks1. Theoretical framework
Phase 2: Definition of routes according to several criteria
Land cover
Classes Value
Artificial surfaces 1
Agriculture areas + forest and semirural areas 0.5
Wetlands + water bodies 0
• Corine Land Cover 2012: Level 1
Table 6: Classes and value for land cover
Figure 11: Land cover adjacent to roads
2. Aveiro Region 3. Methodology 4. Final remarks1. Theoretical framework
Phase 2: Definition of routes according to several criteria
Slope• Maximum length of 100 meters by segments• Formula : Abs ((Altitude from start point - Altitude from end
point)/ Length *100)
Slope (%) Value<2 0
2 to 5 0.255 to 8 0.58 to 12 0.75
>12 1
Figure 12: Road slopes in
percentage
Table 7: Slope categories and its value
2. Aveiro Region 3. Methodology 4. Final remarks1. Theoretical framework
Phase 2: Definition of routes according to several criteria
Criteria weights (%)
Criteria Short (%) Medium (%) Long (%)
Length 20 25 25
Slope 20 20 15
Cycling pathways 20 20 20
Speed limit 15 10 12.5
Road capacity 15 10 12.5
Landscape(Classified area + land cover) 5 10 10
Distance to industrial areas 5 5 5
Table 8: Weights for each criteria by type of route
2. Aveiro Region 3. Methodology 4. Final remarks1. Theoretical framework
Phase 2: Definition of routes according to several criteria
Figure 13: Short haul index Figure 14: Medium haul index Figure 15: Long haul index
Index map by categories
2. Aveiro Region 3. Methodology 4. Final remarks1. Theoretical framework
Phase 2: Definition of routes according to several criteria
Example: C1 (Short)
Figure 16: Route and points of interest (ArcMap View)
2. Aveiro Region 3. Methodology 4. Final remarks1. Theoretical framework
Phase 2: Definition of routes according to several criteria
Tourist cycling routes
Figure 17: Short haul routes Figure 18: Medium haul routes Figure 19: Long haul routes2. Aveiro Region 3. Methodology 4. Final remarks1. Theoretical framework
Phase 2: Definition of routes according to several criteria
Example: C1Point of Interest Municipality Time
requiredLink to
"Riadeaveiro.pt"
Farol da Barra/ Praia da Barra Ílhavo X XCais da Bruxa/ Caminho do
Praião Ílhavo ? ?
Porto de Recreio da Associação Náutica da Gafanha da
EncarnaçãoÍlhavo X X
Caminho do Canal Vagos X XMercado do Peixe/ Praia da
Vagueira Vagos ? ?
Cais dos Pescadores da Costa Nova Ílhavo X X
Palheiros da Costa Nova Ílhavo X ?
Praia da Costa Nova Ílhavo X X
Farol da Barra/ Praia da Barra Ílhavo ? ?Figure 20: Map of the C1 route
Table 9: Points of interest along the route
2. Aveiro Region 3. Methodology 4. Final remarks1. Theoretical framework
Phase 2: Definition of routes according to several criteria
» Validation of all routes by the municipalities’ interlocutors» Testing of all cycling routes» Ria de Aveiro website (CIRA tourism website):
• Route description with a reference to gastronomy of each municipality;• Route map;• Link to a description of the highlighted points of interest;• Reference to others points of interest along the route;• Directions of the route;• KML file;• GPX file;• Useful information (recommendations; bike type; rent-a-bike; tourism offices).
Phase 3: Validation, test and communication
2. Aveiro Region 3. Methodology 4. Final remarks1. Theoretical framework
Contributions• GIS contribution to cycling tourism
• Importance of cycling in the Aveiro region
• Cycling tourism potential in the Aveiro region
3. Methodology 4. Final remarks
Final remarks
2. Aveiro Region
Limitations• Lack of available geographical data
• Some difficulties in data collection – several municipalities…
• Phase 3 is not finished due to time constraints
1. Theoretical framework
Thank you for your attention!Promoting the Aveiro region as a cycling tourism destination: The definition of cycle routes
using GIS
André Pedrosa
Helena Albuquerque [email protected]
Zélia [email protected]