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CHG38: Genocide and Crimes Against Humanity Unit Three: How are Targets Created?

CraniometryFrom Wikipedia the !ree encyc"opedia #3$ %eptem&er '$8(

Craniometryis the techni)ue o! measuring the &oneso! the sku""*This !ie"d has c"aimedthe a&i"ity to predict traits or inte""igence* +nce intensi,e"y practiced in anthropo"ogy inparticu"ar in physica" anthropo"ogyin the -.th century* Theories attempting toscienti!ica""y /usti!y the segregation o! society &ased on race &ecame popu"ar at thistime one o! their prominent !igures &eingGeorges 0acher de 1apouge2-845-.367 who

di,ided humanityinto ,arious hierarchied di!!erent 9races9 spanning !rom the 9Aryanwhite race do"ichocepha"ic9 2!rom the Ancient Greek kepha": head and do"ikhos "ong andthin7 to the 9&rachycepha"ic9 2short and &road5headed7 race* Historians study thein!"uence and caution that science pro,ided !or racia""y di,isi,e ideo"ogiesin the "ate -.thand ear"y '$th century at the height o! the ;ew pressed in The +rigin o! %pecies2-8.7*

Cranial capacity, races and 19th-20th century scientific ideas

%amue" George orton2-@..5-8-7 one o! the inspirers o!physica" anthropo"ogyco""ected hundreds o! human sku""s !rom a"" o,er the wor"d and started trying to !ind a way to c"assi!y them according to some

"ogica" criterion* inomy* au" retschmer)uoted an -8.' discussion with him concerning these criticisms a"so citing Aure",on TIroks -8. work who &asica""y proc"aimed the !ai"ure o! craniometry*

A human skull and measurement device from

1902

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skullhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthropologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_anthropologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scientific_racismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georges_Vacher_de_Lapougehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_racehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Race_(classification_of_human_beings)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aryanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Greekhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ideologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Imperialismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Darwinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skeletonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theory_of_evolutionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theory_of_evolutionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Origin_of_Specieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_George_Mortonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_anthropologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cranial_capacityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caucasian_racehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negroeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Egyptianshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Africanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Jay_Gouldhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paleontologisthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Historian_of_sciencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Mismeasure_of_Manhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Mismeasure_of_Manhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Josiah_C._Notthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Gliddonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polygenismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiregional_hypothesishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiregional_hypothesishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creation_mythhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Descent_of_Manhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monogenismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single-origin_hypothesishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolutionary_theoryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autopsyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aryan_racehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nordic_theoryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karlsruhehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Kretschmerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Aurel_von_T%C3%B6rok&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Aurel_von_T%C3%B6rok&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skullhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthropologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_anthropologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scientific_racismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georges_Vacher_de_Lapougehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_racehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Race_(classification_of_human_beings)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aryanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Greekhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ideologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Imperialismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Darwinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skeletonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theory_of_evolutionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theory_of_evolutionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Origin_of_Specieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_George_Mortonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_anthropologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cranial_capacityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caucasian_racehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negroeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Egyptianshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Africanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Jay_Gouldhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paleontologisthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Historian_of_sciencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Mismeasure_of_Manhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Josiah_C._Notthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Gliddonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polygenismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiregional_hypothesishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiregional_hypothesishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creation_mythhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Descent_of_Manhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monogenismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single-origin_hypothesishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolutionary_theoryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autopsyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aryan_racehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nordic_theoryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karlsruhehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Kretschmerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Aurel_von_T%C3%B6rok&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Aurel_von_T%C3%B6rok&action=edit&redlink=1

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=ate: JJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJ ;ame: JJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJCHG38: Genocide and Crimes Against Humanity Unit Three: How are Targets Created?

What was Craniometry?ead the artic"e KCraniometryL !rom Wikipedia 2see re,erse7 and comp"ete the !o""owing:

1. What is craniometry and why did it become popular in the latter part of the 19thg Century?

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2. How did craniometrist distinguish between the races?

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3. According toamuel !eorge "orton#how could you e$pect to determine the intellect of a gi%en race of people?

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&. 'f the three ma(or groups of s)ulls he studied *+uropean# African# and ,ati%e American-# which did "ortonsuggest would be the most and least intelligent based on their respecti%e sie?

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/. What wastephen 0ay !oulds criticism of "ortons findings?

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. What is polygenism# and what was its implication to race relations?

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. "o%ing beyond simple s)ull measurements# what did 4roca add to the field of craniometry? 5id 4rocasconclusions support or differ from pre%ious suggestions that the white race was the most intelligent?

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6. 7n the latter part of the 19thCentury# what were the conse8uences of irchow and :ollmanns studies in regards tothe generally accepted belief that craniometry pro%ed the supremacy of an Aryan race?

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Knowledge: /15

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_George_Mortonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_George_Mortonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Jay_Gouldhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polygenismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_George_Mortonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_George_Mortonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Jay_Gouldhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polygenism