Chapter I

Introduction to method of social work

As we all know that we all live in this one world. And this world is also known as society, where

every living creatures live socially, not only us even animals do live socially. We all people live

socially in this society by helping, understanding, co-operating mutually with each other. In

ancient times, the poor or destitute, the handicapped and the needy were looked after by religious

institutions and communities, but after the industrial revolution many problems were created and

also were threatening to society which compelled the society to create social welfare agencies.

Later on when it was observed that these problems required scientific knowledge and method for

proper and permanent solutions, a new system of scientific assistance came into existence, i.e.

social work. Social work is the professional activity of helping individuals, groups, or

communities to enhance or restore their capacity for social functioning and to create societal

conditions favorable to their goals.

Social Work practice includes the range of direct social work intervention with individuals,

families, small groups, and communities. In the practice sequence, the students are provided with

an opportunity to develop knowledge of the principles, values, and methods of social work.

Foundation content in this area includes the knowledge base (theory, research, practice wisdom)

for and application of the process of professional practice; exploration and data gathering to

understand, differential assessment for differential understanding, intervention, and evaluation as

these apply to the total range of practice. In other hand social work practices case work which

assists individual to adjust in institutional framework. There is various Methods of Social work

which helps to solve the problem of the client in an effective and systematic way and they are:

1.Social case work

2.Social group work

3.Community organization

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1.Social case work

Social casework is a method of helping individually through a one-to-one relationship. Social

case work is a method which help by counseling the individual client to effect better social rela-

tionship and a social adjustment that makes it possible him to lead a satisfying and useful life.

Social casework, a primary method of social work is concerned with the adjustment and develop-

ment of the individual towards more satisfying human relations.

Definition of Social Case Work

Mary Richmond (1917) “Social case work is the art of bringing about the better adjustment in so-

cial relationship of individual man, woman or children”

Queen (1923) Social case work is the art of adjusting with personal relationship.

2.Social group work

Social group work is an activity which helps to participate in the activities of a group for their in-

tellectual, emotional and physical growth and for the attainment of desirable goals of the groups.

Group as such as a method by which the group worker enables various types of group to function

in such a manner that both group interaction and programmed activities contribute to the growth

of the individual and the programmed activities contribute to the growth of the individual.

Hamilton (1949)Social group work is a psychosocial process which is concerned no less than

with developing leadership ability and cooperation than with building on the interests of the

group for a social purpose.

Konapka (1963) Social Work is a method of social work which helps individuals to enhance

their social functioning through purposeful group experiences and to cope more effectively with

their personal, group or community problems,

3.Community organization

Community organization is the process of planning and developing social service in order to

meet the health and welfare needs of a community or larger unit. Mildred Barry says, “Commu-2

nity organization in social work is the process of creating and maintaining a progressively more

effective adjustment between community resources and community welfare needs.”

Murray G. Ross (1967) defines community organization as a “process by which a community

identifies its needs or objectives, give priority to them, develop confidence and will to work at

them, find resources (internal and external) to deal with them, and in doing so, extends and de-

velops cooperative and collaborative attitudes and practices in the community”.

Kramer and Specht (1975) “ Community organization refers to various methods of intervention

whereby a professional change agent helps a community action system composed of individuals,

groups or organizations to engaged in planned collective action in order to deal with special

problems within the democratic system of values.”

Chapter II

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Relationship between Method of social work and Field placement

Social work education has two dimensions: theoretical and practical. A social worker gains

knowledge about society, social problems, property, social structure, social values, human

behavior, and social work process while field placement is a dynamic practical training that

challenges social workers to apply social work practice knowledge, skills, and values within an

organizational and community context. Social Work is a practical education, which is learned

through theoretical study of society and social work where as Field placement affords

experiential assessment and evaluation of social worker’s development in the process of

becoming a helping professional. Field work is an integral part of the social work. Field work is

important that student should be helped to develop the attitude of mind ideas them to make

connection between study and relief. It is vital for students who are to become professional

practitioners in the field rather than good nature and amateurs of techniques applying narrow

skill by rule of thumb method. Field practicum is a dynamic course that challenges student to

apply social work knowledge, values and skills with an organization context

In the field placement, social workers are provided opportunities to apply their academic and

practice experiences in the reality.

Social work and field placement are two sides of same coin. All those theoretical knowledge of

social work are applied practically in the field work. Social workers need to apply various

technique or methods like observation, interview, survey, home visit and so on while collecting

data in the field. Without having a proper theoretical knowledge, a social worker won’t be able to

perform on the field work properly as it is really important to apply theoretical knowledge in real

life in a scientific way and also without practical training, a social worker won’t be able to tackle

the problem as they will lack of experiences as well as practical learning experiences.

Thus, Methods of Social work and Field placement are inter-related to each other. The ideal field

placement offers social workers to focus on the methods of direct practice, policy development

and implementation, and other social work special projects and research activities. Through these

methods, a social worker gain knowledge about theory and principle of various methods of social

work, problem solving techniques, preplanned approach to solve problem process such as study,

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diagnosis & treatment and so on where as through the field placement, a social worker can apply

the theory and principle of social work into actual practice and also can learn how to apply social

work methods in the situation of given individuals, groups or communities problems.

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Chapter III

Objective of the Trainee

To interact with organization member and the children..

To build a good rapport with the organization staff and children.

Help to develop independence and self discipline

To observe how an organization work.

To adjust in the organization as a trainee.

To develop interaction and leadership skills.

To learn about the group work.

To help in solving problems that arises in organization.

To actively attend meetings and various programs.

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Chapter IV

Activities in Detail

Trainee during the internship period in Hand In Hand organization performed many activities

related to practical field work. Some of the highlighted activities are described below for the

purpose of learning and reflection.

4.1 Attended the Orientation Program

Introduction: Here, trainee had interaction program where introduction of trainees, introduction

of members as well as organization were taken place. In this interaction program, the trainee got

to know about organization, their mission and their visions as well as questions were raised to us

where we were given opportunity to share interest and views about the organization. The trainees

were warmly welcomed by the organization member and also went for short tour at the

organization so that we can be able to adjust in the environment.

Objectives:

Need assessment

Rapport building

Case study

Interaction with other volunteers.

Learning:

Trainee acquires knowledge about the organization. Trainee also acquires knowledge about the

administrative works and staffs. Trainee learned how to interact with the people. The trainee

learned the current situation of the organization after the earthquake. The trainee also learned

about the student’s behavior and their academic status.

Personal Feeling:

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Trainee really had fun and an enjoyable day with the member as well as interesting to have

interaction and presentation program. Trainee was nervous when questions were being asked by

the member of the organization.

4.2 Dance Class with the Children

Introduction:

Nepal children Organization have introduced various extra curriculum classes to the students like

Football classes, Violin Classes, Dance Classes and so on. Among them Dance classes are

conducted every Saturday morning for 2 hours. The students are taught all genres of dance

forms. It is also focused at children’s fitness. The trainee also interacted with few of the

differently able students in this class.

Learning:

The trainee learned that the students enjoyed their extra-curriculum activities and shown more

interest towards them. The trainee also learned that having classes 1 day per week was not

sufficient for the children. The trainee learned that dance also helped as a form of relaxation for

the differently able students.

Personal Feeling:

Trainee felt happy to be a part of such fun activity. The trainee also felt that few of the children

were really talented in the field of dance and proper guidance and support is needed for progress.

4.3 Therapy session

Introduction:

Nepal Children Organization also assists children who are differently able. They provide food,

shelter, special education, physio-therapy classes and entertainment classes to them. The trainee

interacted with the children during the therapy session. The trainee assisted the physiotherapist

during the session. The trainee was introduced to the importance of therapy.

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Learning:

The trainee learned about the basic ways to interact with the differently able children. The trainee

also learned that if physio therapy is given in time some motor skills can be developed among

the children with physical problem. It may or may not cure the pure depending upon how early

they start the session.

Personal Feeling:

The trainee felt happy to be a part of the organization since it also looked after the differently

able students. The staff and the children from the differently able section were helpful and

guided the trainee. The trainee felt that the children required more care and assistance.

4.4 Interaction with Arunima Higher Secondary School students.

Introduction:

Various institutions come to donate stationary and play materials for the children at Nepal

Children Organization. On 18th Falgun, 2072 the students from Arunima Higher Secondary

School, Boudha came and donated stationary items, playing materials and biscuits to the

children. The students also interacted with the children from the organization and with the

trainee

Learning:

The trainee learned about the importance of such donations that runs the institution though it was

little. The trainee also learned institution are teaching welfare to the children from small age.

Personal Feeling:

The trainee felt happy to know the students were being taught about welfare and charity from

school level. The trainee also felt happy seeing the students of Arunima Higher Secondary

School who tried to contribute for the development of the children of Nepal Children

Organization.

4.5 Training on Functional Diversity

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Introduction:

The Nepal Children Organization organizes various training for the staff in various issues

regarding to children. The organization had organized 2 day training session for the staff and

trainee of the disabled section on Functional Diversity. The training was conducted by Pablo

who had been working with the differently able for past 20 years in London and was also a

member of Nepal Children Organization.

Learning:

The trainee learned the various functional diversity, their types, their symptoms and treatments.

The trainee also learned how to handle children having functional diversity. The trainee also

learned that children having special needs required an professional caretakers assistance 247 for

their proper development and care.

Personal Feeling:

The trainee felt happy to be part of the trainee session which was very fruitful. The trainee hopes

this type of training will be conducted in the future for the better development of the staff and

trainee which will lead to a better environment for the differently able children.

4.6 Tuition Classes.

Introduction:

Children are provided with tuition classes before and after their school hours for their better

academic performance and assistance in homework. The trainee assisted the students with their

home work and also gave practice time for the juniors. Their queries regarding their course were

answered.

Learning:

Trainee learned that the students were having hard time to read. The trainee learned about the

current status of the students academics. The trainee learned that most of the students from the

organization required proper guidance for better performance

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Personal Feeling:

The trainee felt happy to be assisting the students in their academics. The trainee also felt badly

for those students who did not try to work hard. The trainee hope that the organization will

supervise the students during their study hours.

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Chapter V

Theories applied

Theory is the base of any practical work. So, keeping the principle of social work in mind,

trainee throughout the internship period applied a theoretical principles, knowledge and ethical

values in the practical area during the internship period. Throughout the internship period, the

trainee applied a lot of theories and knowledge in his practical activities. Some of them are as

follows: -

Under Case work setting the trainee applied the foloowing cases.

Case work: Trainee applied the theory of case work in practical field like trainee applied the

principle of acceptance where trainee accepted the client with his/her problem and with his/her

financial, social and ethical background.

Principle of Non-judgmental: Here, trainee applied this theory by treating every members of

the organization equally without any discrimination. All members were being treated as a part of

family members

Acceptance: According to the principle of acceptance, the client should be accepted however the

client situation and condition in the society and not let what happened to them, happen to others.

As they themselves treat their clients in a professional manner; not letting their personal views

and opinions hinder their judgment and curative methods, we, the trainees also accepted the

clients and the organizational staffs in a fully professional manner.

Confidentiality: The source of belief that the trainee should never disclose the agency’s internal

matters with the public or outside sources. The trainee respected the organization’s decisions and

kept secretive the internal functioning of the organization. Although the trainees interviewed and

talked to a lot convicted parent’s children and differently able children, the trainees never dis-

closed their true identity to the Children or any outside sources.

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Under Group work setting trainee applied the following cases.

Group Work: Trainee had the co-ordination among the team during the group work. Also,

trainee did lots of group activities during internship period. The trainee while working in organi-

zation did some awareness program along with the group.

Planning: Trainee used to do planning before going children home for field visit. Trainee used

to divide work and also do budgeting for the recreational program. Trainee planed to conduct the

programs.

Principle of Participation: Here, trainee applied this theory by actively participating each and

every programs and activities organized by the organizations. Trainee always performed their

duties responsibly and showed active participation.

Co-operation: Throughout the internship period, the trainees helped the organization and on

school by giving the good education. The trainees worked hand in hand with the staffs from and

outside the organization to conduct such programs.

Purposeful relationship: To build a good rapport with the members, staffs and volunteers and

even the donors of the organization. Trainee had worked hard to build a purpose relationship

with the organization’s members, other trainees and donors and trainee was successful in

building purpose relationship.

Open Communication: Communication is the integral part of the trainee in the internship pe-

riod. Effective and clear communication helps build an effective and good relationship between

the parties. It is one of the most important tools in social services. The trainee openly communi-

cated with every concerned individual in a way they could feel comfortable and not be bound by

social restraints. The trainee shared their views and opinion openly for the betterment of the or-

ganization and fellow trainee.

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Principle of Self-determination: Here, trainee applied this theory by working and performing

duties by themselves and also become self-determined as well as very forward towards their

duties and responsibility.

Principle of Self-awareness: Here, trainee applied this theory by being aware of his/her

morality and values as well as aware about the situation and environment where he/ she is

working i.e organization. The trainee had to be aware about her speech and actions during her

internship period.

.

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Chapter VI

Observation and Analysis

Observation

The trainee observed that the member of Nepal Children Organization were cooperative, helping

and highly dedicated. Trainee acted as mediator in between the students and the respective sites.

Trainee observed the working operation of the organization for few months. The trainee

observed that they are facing problems with their tuition classes, due to lack of proper

supervision of the students’ academics. The trainee also observed the lack of proper furniture for

the children’s study hours and also the students from pre-primary to secondary were kept

together during the study hours. The trainee observed that the children aren’t interested in their

academics. The children also have deviant behavior and spoke roughly except few of them.

Analysis

From the observation, trainee analyzed that the trainee program of the organization develops

cooperation and understanding in-between the student, sites member as well. The program help

spread out positive vibes and harmony in the community. The service provided a sense of

belongingness and affection towards children. The trainee analyzed that the students can perform

better if they are given proper care during their tuition hours and an experienced teacher is

required. If proper amount of bench and desk are provided to the students during their studies

hours it would be effective and also the division of the children according to their level is a must.

The trainee analyzed that use of reinforcement or Behavior Modification therapy can bring

positive changes in the children’s behavior. Thus, in the overall scenario, trainee had a great

opportunity and experience during the internship at Nepal Children Organization.

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Chapter VII

SWOT Analysis

Strength:

Good communication skills with the children

Interactive skill

Rapport building

Teaching Skills

Weakness:

Trainee could not give much time to the children due to her work.

Trainee did not have much idea about the differently able students.

Opportunity:

Trainee also got a chance to build a good rapport with the member of the organization in

the program.

Trainee got an opportunity to know more and closely about the children and about their

happiness.

Trainee got opportunity to learn about Functional diversity.

Trainee got opportunity to interact with the differently able children.

Threat:

It was quiet challenging to conduct the program.

Due to the miscommunication it was challenging for trainee to work in the organization.

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Chapter VIII

Overall Learning

During 250 hours field work period, trainee gained a lot of both good and bad experiences and

through this experiences trainee learned a lot of things. Trainee learned how an organization

works and also how to build a good rapport. Trainee learned to have a strong spirit as well as to

have a clear vision for the achievement of the goal. Trainee learned to interact with the people

and also learned to organized interaction and presentation program.

Individual: Trainee learned a lot of things from the organization in during that time. Trainee got

to learned lot more things about social work in practical life. Trainee got chance to apply the

theoretical knowledge in the real life situation. Trainee learned how to manage the office

resources; trainee learned how to conduct and manage the programs and how to give a good

presentation.

Group: Trainee In a group and working together in the group got opportunity to learn a lot of

things. The main important thing that trainee learned was the co-ordination among the team

during the group work. Also, trainee learned about the importance of team work and group

activities. The trainee had a great experience while working the organization. As the

organization’s members are very friendly and interactive for the sharing of new ideas and

experience.

Professional: Trainee in the training phase gained a lot of learning. Trainee’s professional

learning as a social worker was trainee got to know how to psychologically understand and deal

with the client. How to handle the children of the organization. To convince them and also how

to solve the problem by identifying their problem. The trainee learned about the basic ways to

interact with the differently able children. The trainee also learned that if physio therapy are

given in time some motor skills can be developed among the children with physical problem. It

may or may not cure the pure depending upon how early they start the session.

Trainee learned that if we want to achieve our goads then we have to set up a clear vision as well

as try every best possible efforts to achieve that goal. And also we should never lose our hope as 17

there is a saying practice makes man perfect. We should try our best or try to practice in every

steps until we are not perfect. Trainee learned it is necessary to keen communication between

team members while organizing programs.

The trainee learned the various functional diversity, their types, their symptoms and treatments.

The trainee also learned how to handle children having functional diversity. The trainee also

learned that children having special needs required an professional caretakers assistance 247 for

their proper development and care.

The trainee learned that the students enjoyed their extra-curriculum activities and shown more

interest towards them. The trainee also learned that having classes 1 day per week was not

sufficient for the children. The trainee learned that dance also helped as a form of relaxation for

the differently able students. Trainee learned that we should always work in a professional way.

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Chapter IX

Personal Feelings

Personally, it was my great opportunity to go to Nepal Children Organization for the internship

purpose. It was pretty good experience for me. While at the field, I tried my best to take some

awareness program to those orphanages and understand the children first.

All the members were friendly and easy to talk and interact with, due to which it was a lot easier

to coordinate/ cooperate and work with them it was very comfortable. I was very happy as I was

very comfortable in the organization and got to express my thoughts and feelings very easily. I

felt happy to be a part of extra curriculum activity. I also felt that few of the children were really

talented in the field of dance and proper guidance and support is needed for progress.

Experience is our greatest knowledge through which we can foster ourselves to the development.

It is experience that guide people to the life in the fullest potential towards the positivity. An

organization working for the children for their better education i.e. students development,

behavior development etc. it takes students as means through which big change can be achieved

via small effort also.

I felt happy to be part of the trainee session (Functional Diversity) which was very fruitful. I

hope this type of training will be conducted in the future for the better development of the staff

and trainee which will lead to a better environment for the differently able children.

I felt happy to be a part of the organization since it also looked after the differently able students.

The staff and the children from the differently able section were helpful and guided the trainee. I

felt that the children required more care and assistance. Thus, I really feel good when I joined

this organization. I felt the change in myself through this organization I am very much thankful

to the supervisors.

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Chapter X

Discussion and Conclusion

10.1 Discussion:

During the internship period there, the trainee got to earn a lot of things that helped the trainee

grows intellectually as a social worker. The trainee felt like she has grown better person then

when she stepped into the organization at the start of the session. It was a great opportunity for

the trainee to work hand to hand with the organization. The students of the organization have

great potential if proper nurture is given to them. What I have learned and gained are always

precious for me and will be used in every steps of the life. The children’s do not hesitate to show

their talent. The children’s are quiet friendly and easy to build rapport with. There are really less

facilities in organization. The things which are given to the children in terms of donation should

be given to them for use instead of keeping in the store. The children of the organization should

also be taught about the importance of the property of the organization as they are poor in good

discipline and they constantly keep losing things. The organization should hire more staff for

caretaking of the differently able students.

10.2 Conclusion:

In conclusion, the trainee got to know much more about the organization and also the work of the

organization. The trainee gained a lot of knowledge regarding the organization. The trainee also

learned how to Trainee learned how to manage the office resources; trainee learned how to

conduct and manage the programs and how to give a good presentation. It was a very unique

experience which will definitely helped me grow as a good leader and a social worker. Trainee

learned to do the different activities related to the social work. It was the real experience of the

trainee to the related field. The work was interesting and the organization was also the best.

Trainee concluded that the real work on the field was great rather than the theories in the

classroom. This opportunity has helped to explore the positive possibilities for the trainee in this

field. All the work that was related to the field was the daily activities of the trainee.

I would like to thank Nepal Children Organization and the staff for supporting me during my

entire field work placement. It was very helpful for me to interact with the children and learn 20

many more things and experiencing new things in life. As a student of social work, I have seen

some of the changes in myself after visiting the organization. I will always remember the

memories I had made with the organization members and always be thankful to them for helping

us whenever we needed them, for trying to make us independent and better social works. Thus, I

would like to say that if anyone wishes or wants to learn and do something for the student and

children of the real good organization, then he/she must join and must involve in the activities of

the organization.

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Chapter XI

Recommendation

11.1 Micro

Every individual visiting agency should point out the weakness and strength of agencies

so that agency can work on weakness.

To be sincere and honor in organization.

Participate in meeting and the programs for more knowledge, experience.

Trainee should be given proper orientation regarding Functional diversity.

11.2 Mezzo

Participation of each and every member of agency during program.

The entire volunteer should follow the rules and regulation of the organization.

To guide the new trainee.

To provide the children with the donations they receive.

To provide better assistance to the differently able students.

To provide proper tuition classes with desk and benches.

11.3 Macro

Government should make appropriate plans and policies for the betterment of NGO.

Nation should not only make plans and policies but also focused on implementing such

plans and policies required.

To see if the organization is properly working according to their objectives or not.

Nation should support the agencies in organizing fruitful workshop and training.

Proper education and health policies for children with special needs

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Referencehttp://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/fieldwork/

http://google.com

http://wikipedia.com

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