DirectingDirectingThe Heart of the

Managerial Process

The Heart of the Managerial Process

Directing as a Function of ManagementDirecting as a Function of Management

Management is an art of DIRECTING human efforts to achieve stipulated objectives.

5 Functions of Management by Koontz & O’ DonellPlanningPlanning

ControllingControlling

DirectingDirecting

StaffingStaffing OrganizingOrganizing

Directing as a Function of ManagementDirecting as a Function of Management

The Principles of Directing:

supervision guidance

goals written or

verbal complete & logical

encourage cooperation follow-up

The Principles of Directing:

supervision guidance

goals written or

verbal complete & logical

encourage cooperation follow-up

Elements of

Directing

Elements of

DirectingLeadership

Communication

Delegation

Decision Making

Policies and Procedures

Supervision

Coordination

Motivation

Staff Development

Conflict Management

1. Leadership

Elements of Directing :Elements of Directing :

True leadership is about taking people to a place that they would not go to by themselves. 

True leadership is about taking people to a place that they would not go to by themselves. 

Elements of Directing :Elements of Directing :

2. Communication

Elements of Directing :Elements of Directing :

Ideation

Encoding

Transmission

Receiving

Decoding

Response

Ideation

Encoding

Transmission

Receiving

Decoding

Response

Superior to subordinateSuperior to subordinateFrom subordinatesFrom subordinates

Between peersBetween peers

From caregivers to patients, etc.

From caregivers to patients, etc.Not on the same level of hierarchy

Not on the same level of hierarchy RumorRumor

Assess Plan Intervene Evaluate

Right… Person Task Time

3. Delegation

Elements of Directing :Elements of Directing :

-to assign specific tasks to workers-to assign specific tasks to workers

Elements of Directing :Elements of Directing :

4. Decision Making & Problem Solving

11

22

3344

55

•Normative•Decision Tree•Descriptive

•Normative•Decision Tree•Descriptive

Decision Making Models:

Decision Making Models:

(value-based)(value-based) (scientific process)

(scientific process)

5. Policies & Procedures

Elements of Directing :Elements of Directing :

Policies = guidelines, tools for orienting, used as reference, basis for developing procedures

Procedures = specific directions for imple-menting policies, used for standardization, for teaching & evaluating, for updating employees

Policies = guidelines, tools for orienting, used as reference, basis for developing procedures

Procedures = specific directions for imple-menting policies, used for standardization, for teaching & evaluating, for updating employees

Sample Employee Handbook

Table of Contents

Sample Employee Handbook

Table of Contents

6. Supervision

Elements of Directing :Elements of Directing :

Supervising means overseeing the activities of others. It is inspecting, guiding, evaluating, and improving the work performance of employees.

Supervising means overseeing the activities of others. It is inspecting, guiding, evaluating, and improving the work performance of employees.

7. CoordinationElements of Directing :Elements of Directing :

Whom do we coordinate with? - Medical, administrative, radiology, laboratory, pharmacy, dietary, social service, community agencies, and other institutions

Whom do we coordinate with? - Medical, administrative, radiology, laboratory, pharmacy, dietary, social service, community agencies, and other institutions

-synchronization of activities-synchronization of activities

Elements of Directing :Elements of Directing :

8. MotivationElements of Directing :Elements of Directing :

-To arouse, excite, or influence behavior

-To arouse, excite, or influence behavior

9. Staff Development

Elements of Directing :Elements of Directing :

Programs include seminars, case conferences, “shadowing” or “buddy” system, formal schooling, professional publications, inservice training, & certification classes

Programs include seminars, case conferences, “shadowing” or “buddy” system, formal schooling, professional publications, inservice training, & certification classes

Employees who are educated and supported are more likely to be empowered, forward thinking and motivated.

Employees who are educated and supported are more likely to be empowered, forward thinking and motivated.

10. Conflict Management

Elements of Directing :Elements of Directing :

“Conflict is a differing of ideas.”

Types of conflict:

•Overt•Covert

Types of conflict:

•Overt•Covert

•Vertical•Horizontal

•Vertical•HorizontalHow do we resolve

these conflicts? –avoidance, accomodation, compromise, collaboration, competition

How do we resolve these conflicts? –avoidance, accomodation, compromise, collaboration, competition

SUMMARYSUMMARY

Effective directing will result in greater harmony in the actions of supervisors and employees & in the achievement of the objectives of personnel as well as of the enterprise. Directing will be most effective when employees have leaders who provide direct personal contact.

Directing that encourages leadership, motivation, and communication techniques and emphasizes the human aspects of managing individuals is most desirable. Personal and motivational goals are met as the nurse is motivated to be ambitious and responsible, to show initiative, to be proud of fellow nurses and the employing institution, to welcome change, and to demonstrate individual abilities.

Thank

You!Thank

You!