4-6 - moody gardens · 4-6. 1 1 carnival is a wild four-day party held 40 days before easter. it...

LEARNING RESOURCE GUIDE

RIO © 2014 Twentieth Century Fox Film Corporation. All Rights Reserved.

4-6

1

1 Carnival is a wild four-day party held 40 days before Easter. It starts on Saturday and ends on ‘Fat Tuesday’, the day before the start of Lent, Ash Wednesday.

2 February is the hottest month of the year in Rio and the city is at its liveliest.

3 The roots of Carnival can be traced back to the Romans and Greeks who celebrated the arrival of spring with parties. These traditions were carried over to the New World with Portuguese immigrants in the 1700s.

4 Brazil’s Carnival evolved over time with the addition of masquerade balls and then big street parades with groups of people playing music and dancing. Hundreds of street bands, singers and orchestras will entertain party-goers largely with samba music.

5 The Carnival highlight is the Samba Parade, a fierce competition among Rio’s samba schools, of which there are nearly 200. Held in the purpose-built Sambodromo, the schools are judged on their elaborate floats, costumes, dancing and music.

6 Some of the schools are expected to spend up to $4.89 million on outfits and preparations. The city’s poorest residents, from the slums, typically make up the majority of the schools.

7 Around two million people per day attend Carnival festivities.

8 Carnival begins when Rio’s mayor hands over a giant silver and gold key to Rei Momo, the Fat King.

9 Scores of mini street parties are held prior to Carnival getting underway. Smaller local parades known as ‘blocos’ are held across the city and attract thousands of spectators.

10 Approximately 250,000 jobs are created by Carnival and it generates about $685 million for local hotels and businesses.

11 Carnival is Brazil’s most important festival but celebrations are also held in Sao Paulo, Salvador, Recife, Olinda, Manaus and Porto Alegre.

12 Carnival attracts more and more celebrities each year including past attendees Jennifer Lopez and “Gangnam Style” star Psy.

A DOZEN FaCtS AboUt CaRnIvAl IN RIo

2

1 The Plymouth Pilgrims were the first to celebrate the Thanksgiving.

2 They celebrated the first Thanksgiving Day at Plymouth, Massachusetts.

3 The Wampanoag Indians were the people who taught the Pilgrims how to cultivate the land.

4 The Pilgrim leader, Governor William Bradford, had organized the first Thanksgiving feast in 1621. He invited the neighboring Wampanoag Indians to the feast.

5 The first Thanksgiving celebration lasted three days.

6 Mashed potatoes, pumpkin pies, popcorn, milk, corn on the cob, and cranberries were not foods present on the first Thanksgiving’s feast table.

7 Lobster, rabbit, chicken, fish, squashes, beans, chestnuts, hickory nuts, onions, leeks, dried fruits, maple syrup and honey, radishes, cabbage, carrots, eggs, and goat cheese are thought to have made up the first Thanksgiving feast.

8 The pilgrims didn’t use forks; they ate with spoons, knives, and their fingers.

9 Sarah Josepha Hale, an American magazine editor, persuaded Abraham Lincoln to declare Thanksgiving a national holiday. She is also the author of the popular nursery rhyme “Mary Had a Little Lamb”.

10 Abraham Lincoln issued a ‘Thanksgiving Proclamation’ on October 3, 1863 and officially set aside the last Thursday of November as the national day for Thanksgiving.

11 The annual Macy’s Thanksgiving Day Parade tradition began in the 1920s.

12 In 1939, President Roosevelt proclaimed that Thanksgiving would take place on November 23rd, not November 30th, as a way to spur economic growth and extend the Christmas shopping season.

13 Congress to passed a law on December 26, 1941 ensuring that all Americans would celebrate a unified Thanksgiving on the fourth Thursday of November every year.

14 Since 1947, the National Turkey Federation has presented a live turkey and two dressed turkeys to the President. The President does not eat the live turkey. He “pardons” it and allows it to live out its days on a historical farm.

15 Today, in the United States, about 280 million turkeys are sold for the Thanksgiving celebrations.

16 Although Thanksgiving is widely considered an American holiday, it is also celebrated on the second Monday in October in Canada.

17 Black Friday is the Friday after Thanksgiving in the United States, where it is the beginning of the traditional Christmas shopping season.

FUN FaCtS AboUt thAnksGIvING

3

Complete the double bubble map below using what you have learned about Carnival and Thanksgiving. REMEMBER – circles in the middle are for what makes them similar, and circles on the outsides are for what makes them different.

COmpARE aND CONtRaSt: DOUbLE CELEbRAtION bUbbLE

CaRnIvAl thAnksGIvING

NAME:

DATE:

4

Search forward and backward, horizontally, vertically and diagonally for the words in the word bank. When you have circled all of the words, use the letters that have not been circled in order to fill the blanks below and answer Blu’s riddle.

WORD SEARCh

RIDDLE: WhAt Do yoU GEt IF yoU cROSs a cEntIpEDE aND a pARROt?

R I O C O L O R F U L O Z

O R D E P B I R D S M S Y

Z I U L M A C A W N R U G

D S E I C E P S I E L A O

E P A R R O T V H B E W D

R W I N G S O T C N X B A

E T A I L R A T A I O R C

G F A R E E J A R G T A T

N L N A F T E T N E I Z Y

A I I F B R W I I L C I L

D G C A E A E B V T L L S

N H O E A M L A A K O I E

E T T L K S A H L L K E I

R A I N F O R E S T S E S

BIRDS

BEAK

PARROT

FLIGHT

BLU

NICO

MACAW

FEATHERS

OMNIVORE

TAIL

COLORFUL

JEWEL

PEDRO

SPECIES

RIO

RAFAEL

SMART

HABITAT

NIGEL

LUIZ

BRAZIL

RAINFORESTS

CARNIVAL

WINGS

TOES

ENDANGERED

ZYGODACTYLS

EXOTIC

WORD BANK

!

NAME:

DATE:

5

maCaW mAth mAnIa! RECOMMENDED FOR GRADE 4NAME:

DATE:

Find the quotient, then match the letters to the blanks below to solve Jewel’s riddle.

RIDDLE: WhIch sIDE OF a pARROt hAs thE pREttIESt fEathERS?

!

30 6 = 28 7 = 18 6 = 27 3 = 70 7 =

56 7 = 14 2 = 18 9 = 54 9 = 24 2 =

8 7 42 6 39 5 10 12

T S I E D

T O H U E

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maCaW mAth mAnIa!

Find the difference, then match the letters to the blanks below to solve Jewel’s riddle.

RECOMMENDED FOR GRADE 5


!

282 - 146

592 - 358

871 - 97

560 - 242

957 - 328

492 - 241

824 - 316

650 - 126

423 - 117

153 - 59

NAME:

DATE:

251 508 234318 524 774306 136 629 94

T

T

S

O

I

U

H

E

D

E

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maCaW mAth mAnIa!

Find each sum or difference, then match the letters to the blanks below to solve Jewel’s riddle.

RECOMMENDED FOR GRADE 6


!

1 5 4 8

3 3 10 5

5 5 6 12

7 3 8 4

1 1 8 2

5 1 12 2

7 1 9 3

5 2 6 3

5 1 9 3

11 1 12 3

NAME:

DATE:

78

49

910

512

16

58

29

1112

18

712

T

T

S

O

H

U

D

E

I

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Lab ShEEt: bIRD bEAk ADAptatIonS

PurposeTo see what type of bird beaks are better at catching certain types of prey or obtaining different types of food.

Materials

• clothespin (grasping)

• marbles (snails)

• spoon (scooping)

• noodles (pill bugs)

• craft stick (shovel)

• straws (probing)

• string (worms)

• dry beans (seeds)

• pie tin

• small cups

Procedure

1 You will need one partner to participate in this lab.

2 Each of the tools represents a different type of bird beak. Place a cup in front of you to represent your stomach. Choose a tool to start with.

3 Pour one type of “food” into the pie tin.

4 Your partner needs to time you for thirty seconds. Pick up as much of the food as you can in thirty seconds. Record the number of food in the data table.

5 Repeat this for each type of beak with each type of food.

Data Table

NAME:

DATE:

SNAILS WORMS BUGS SEEDS

SCOOP BEAK

SHOVEL BEAK

GRASPING BEAK

PROBING BEAK

9


AnalysisOn the graph paper provided, create a bar graph for each type of beak and the number of food items eaten.

SCOOP BEAK

GRASPING BEAK

SHOVEL BEAK

PROBING BEAK

NAME:

DATE:

10

Conclusion

1 Which type of beak is best suited for capturing worms?

2 Which type of beak is best suited for capturing snails?

3 Which type of beak is best suited for capturing bugs?

4 Which type of beak is best suited for capturing seeds?

5 Which type of beak was best at capturing the most different kinds of prey?

6 Which type of beak caught the least amount of prey?

7 Why do birds have different types of beaks?

8 What would happen if all birds did have the same beak type?

9 From the four types of beaks used in this lab, draw a mutated beak that would not allow a bird to capture enough food.

10 From the four types of beaks used in this lab, draw a mutated beak that would allow a bird to capture more food.

11 If you were a bird, would you want a beak that could only eat one type of food or a beak that could eat many different types of food? Explain your answer.


11

RECOMMENDED FOR GRADE 5/6hOW tO makE An oRIGAmI paRRot

Things you need: • Square sheet of origami paper

Directions:

Start with your paper white side up. Fold in half, as shown.

Fold the outside corners into the center line, and crease well. Fold the top triangle backwards.

Fold the corners of the model in toward the center, crease well, then open again.

Bring the highlighted corner up and outward using the crease shown. Then bring that corner back down toward the center and flatten.

Repeat this step on the opposite corner... the model should now look like this.

Fold the outermost corners backwards on the angle shown and crease well.

Mountain fold the model in half. (Fold backwards).

Rotate the model slightly so you can see the bird forming. Make these creases and unfold.

Using these creases, inside reverse fold to make the head and the tail of the bird.

1

5

9

2

6

10

3

7

11

4

8

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1 Are there many different kinds of parrots?

There are over 360 different species. Almost 100 of these are threatened with extinction, mainly due to loss of habitat and capture to be pets.

2 Where are wild parrots found?

Most live in tropical and semi-tropical areas like Central and South America, the Caribbean, Africa, Asia, India, New Zealand and Australia.

3 In what ways are parrots different from other types of birds?

• Parrots are “zygodactyls”, which means that they have two toes pointing to the front and two pointing to the back.

• They have a hinged upper and lower beak. (Watch a parrot yawn sometime – unlike other birds, it raises the upper part of the beak without moving its whole head!)

• Parrots are the only birds that can lift food up to their mouths using their feet. Other birds use their beaks to lift their food, or use their feet to grasp and carry it.

4 Are all feathers the same?

Definitely not! There are three basic kinds of feathers:

Down feathers are the small, soft, fluffy feathers located closest to the bird’s skin. They help the bird regulate its temperature.

Contour feathers cover the head and body. They make the bird very smooth so it can travel easily through the air.

Flight and tail feathers are much stiffer and longer than contour feathers. They move the air so that the bird can fly.

5 What is a parrot’s beak made of?

It might seem like a parrot’s beak is solid, but it’s not. In fact, like many of the bird’s bones, it is hollow with fine bony struts inside to make it strong. The outside is covered in keratin (which is what our fingernails are made of). A parrot’s beak grows continuously, is curved and is worn down by eating, chewing wood, and by grinding the top and bottom parts against each other.

6 How big are parrots?

The smallest parrots (called Parrotlets) can fit into the palm of your hand. The largest (Hyacinth Macaws) can be over 90 cm from head to tail, have a wingspan of 125 cm and weigh as much as 1,700 grams.

7 How long can parrots live?

On average, small pet parrots like budgies live about 10 years. Very large pet parrots can live 80 years or even more.

8 What predators do wild parrots have?

Young parrots must beware of animals like snakes, ants, cockroaches, monkeys and birds of prey. But, large adult parrots (like macaws) have very few enemies – mainly birds of prey and people.

9 What do wild parrots eat?

Most parrots like fruits, vegetables, nuts, seeds and a few insect larvae. But, some parrots are specialists – for example, wild lorikeets eat fruit and nectar. Wild Hyacinth Macaws eat mainly palm nuts.

10 Just how smart are parrots?

Some scientists think parrots are at least as smart as dolphins and chimpanzees.

paRRot qUEStIONs aND aNsWERs

13

Based on what you have learned about parrots from your reading, decide whether each statement is a Parrot-Fact (+) or Parrot-Fiction (-).

______ 1. There are over 360 different species of parrots, and more than 100 of these species are endangered.

______ 2. Most parrots live in cold climates.

______ 3. Zygodactyl means having four toes, two forward and two backward.

______ 4. Parrots have long, thin beaks like hummingbirds.

______ 5. Parrots are omnivores (they eat plants and animals).

______ 6. Some species of parrots are endangered.

______ 7. Parrots, like dolphins and chimpanzees, are believed to be very intelligent.

______ 8. Parrots are never kept as pets.

______ 9. In captivity, some species of parrots can live to be 80 years old or more.

_____ 10. Like human fingernails and toenails, a parrot’s beak never stops growing.

paRRot-FaCt OR paRRot-FICtION?NAME:

DATE:

14

In our story, Blu is a parrot who has never learned to fly. In the end, he saves the day by facing his fears, spreading his wings, and flying for the very first time.

Your task is to write and illustrate Your own “First Time Tale” describing a moment in your life when you did something for the first time. Examples: riding a bike, swimming, jumping off the diving board, doing a cartwheel, etc. Be sure to describe how you felt before, during and after your first time experience. Include your 5 w’s: What happened?, Who was there?, Why did it happen?, When did it happen?, Where did it happen?

Illustrate your story in the space provided.

tELl a “FIRst tImE taLE”NAME:

DATE:

15

tELl a “FIRst tImE taLE”NAME:

DATE:

16

AnSWER kEy

Compare and Contrast: Double Celebration Bubble Answers will vary (some suggested answers appear below).

CARNIVAL BOTH THANKSGIVING

holiday in Brazil is a national holiday holiday in the U.S.A

holiday in the spring people watch parades holiday in the fall

first held in 1723 millions of people celebrate first held in 1621

Word Search Riddle Answer A Walkie-Talkie

Macaw Math Mania – Grade 4

Answer to riddle: The Outside


282 - 146

136

592 - 358

234

871 - 97

774

560 - 242

318

957 - 328

629

492 - 241

251

824 - 316

508

650 - 126

524

423 - 117

306

153 - 59

94


30 6 = 5 28 7 = 4 18 6 = 3 27 3 = 9 70 7 = 10

56 7 = 8 14 2 = 7 18 9 = 2 54 9 = 6 24 2 = 12

17

AnSWER kEy



Lab Sheet: Bird Beak Adaptations

Data Table and Graph information will vary based on actual lab results.

Conclusion questions:

1 Which type of beak is best suited for capturing worms? Grasping beak

2 Which type of beak is best suited for capturing snails? Scooping beak

3 Which type of beak is best suited for capturing bugs? Shovel beak

4 Which type of beak is best suited for capturing seeds? Probing beak

5 Which type of beak was best at capturing the most different kinds of prey? Grasping beak

6 Which type of beak caught the least amount of prey? Probing beak

7 Why do birds have different types of beaks? Answers will vary but should include mention of adaptation to suit available food sources.

8 What would happen if all birds did have the same beak type? Answers will vary but should include mention of scarcity of food due to an imbalance in the food web and possible extinction of certain species due to over competition for the same food source(s).

9 From the four types of beaks used in this lab, draw a mutated beak that would not allow a bird to capture enough food. Answers will vary.

10 From the four types of beaks used in this lab, draw a mutated beak that would allow a bird to capture more food. Answers will vary.

11 If you were a bird, would you want a beak that could only eat one type of food or a beak that could eat many different types of food? Explain your answer: Answers will vary.

1 5 7 4 8 8

3 3 9 10 5 10

5 5 5 6 12 12

7 3 1 8 4 8

1 1 5 8 2 8

5 1 11 12 2 12

7 1 4 9 3 9

5 2 1 6 3 6

5 1 2 9 3 9

11 1 7 12 3 12

18

AnSWER kEy

Parrot Fact or Parrot Fiction

1. Fiction (-) 6. Fact (+)


3. Fact (+) 8. Fiction (-)


5. Fact (+) 10. Fact (+)

SOURCES

Page 1: A dozen facts about Carnival in Rio: Adapted from: http://www.mirror.co.uk/news/weird-news/rio-carnival-2013-20-things-1594692

Page 2: Fun facts about Thanksgiving: Adapted from: http://www.whsv.com/seasonal/misc/33852054.html

Page 8-10: Lab sheet: bird beak adaptations: Adapted from: http://mathinscience.info/teach/teach_projects/nsf_scholars/beaks/lab_sheet.pdf

Page 12: Parrot questions and answers: Adapted from: http://www.parrots.org/kids/activities/Parrot%20Fact%20Sheet.pdf

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