Tradition & TechnologyTogether. Working For You.

450XL®

Compressor

Air Conditioning,Refrigeration & Heat

Pump Applications

Why would a company change the design of a compressor that’s already rated #1 in the industry?

To make it even better!

And that’s exactly what Vilter did in designingits versatile VMC® 450XL® – a reciprocatingrefrigeration compressor that truly eXceLs! So,even though the Vilter compressor is already the best-known and most preferred industrialcompressor around, we’ve made many dramatic refinements.

We’ve improved the piston design.

We’ve improved the connecting rod and bearing insert design.

We’ve improved the crankshaft design.

We’ve improved the safety head design.

We’ve even improved the capacity reduction system.

But even though we’ve made these specificchanges, we’ve retained all of the exclusive Vilterfeatures that made Vilter #1. In fact, every bit of compressor technology developed by Vilterduring the past century has been applied to the450XL. And that includes provisions for fast andeasy servicing with components that are easy toget at – a well-known Vilter tradition.

The 450XL can literally do almost anything.Operate with ammonia, halocarbon and evensome hydrocarbon refrigerants. Work in

extreme applications with up to a 250# pressuredifferential. It can be belt-driven up to 300 bhpor direct driven all the way up to 375 bhp. And itcan run at high compression ratios all the wayup to 12:1 with certain halocarbon refrigerants.

Even with all these built-in features, you’ll still find the 450XL to be extremely cost-efficient.This compressor has a whopping 50-cfm/cylinderdisplacement while running at 1200 RPM. Andthe high isentropic efficiency of the 450XL meansits bhp/ton is second to none when compared toother compression systems on the market today.

The Inside Story Spring Loaded Safety HeadsProtect against liquid slugging by relievinginternal cylinder pressure if cylinders aresubjected to an incompressible fluid.

Piston and Connecting RodThe unique design of the piston and connectingrod assembly allows for movement only betweenthe connecting rod bushing and piston pin, whileproviding positive lubrication throughout theentire compression cycle.

Double Tapered Roller BearingsEnergy-efficient roller bearings enable thecompressor to be used for high suctionpressure applications as well as highbelt-drive horsepower requirements.

Tri-Micro® Oil FilterRemoves 95% of contaminants as small as 3microns in size. Allows full flow of oil at alltimes, resulting in reduced wear on compressorcomponents. Combines extreme filteringcapacity with the convenience of a throw-awayrecharge element. Filter is enclosed in aseamless drawn carbon steel shell with castiron cover, and is equipped with a means fordetermining pressure drop across the filter.

Suction and Discharge PortingMaximum suction and discharge porting throughthe compressor achieves minimum pressuredrop with valve plates that are made to exactingVilter material and manufacturing requirementsfor long-term service.

The 450XL can be installed almost anywhere,even on an upper floor if necessary, sincevibration is kept to a minimum. Noise level isminimum, too, due to the use of quick-acting,precise ring plate suction and discharge valves.And before we ship a 450XL out the door, we“run-in” each compressor to make sure it willmeet all its vibrations, noise and performance standards.

The 450XL is Vilter’s most advanced line ofreciprocating compressors. Our engineeringleadership has again been demonstrated byproducing a compressor that has definitelybecome the cold wave of the future. The 450XL.

Far-Reaching ApplicationsIf you’re looking for a 235-ton, belt-driven

ammonia compressor to operate at 35 psigsuction pressure and 265 psig dischargepressure, the 4516XL should be just perfect forthis job.

Or do you need 26 tons of refrigeration usingR-22 at extreme conditions, like -20oF suction(10.2 psig) and 115oF condensing (243 psig)?The 458XL should fit like a glove.

Maybe you have an R-290 heat pumpapplication requiring 19 tons of refrigeration at40oF suction (63.8 psig) and 135oF (275 psig)condensing. No problem. The 452XL can easilyhandle that.

In fact, the 450XL is so versatile it can handlealmost any refrigeration system conditions. Up to350 psig maximum discharge. And up to 150 psig maximum suction with a maximum250 psig pressure differential. At differentcompression ratios, too, from 8:1 for ammoniato 12:1 for R-22. In V-belt configurations all theway up to 300 bhp, or direct drive setups up to375 bhp. And it’s usable for both 50 cycle and60 cycle applications up to 1200 RPM.

The graph (Figure 1) on the next page depicts the broad range of applications suitablefor the 450XL. It’s likely your requirements fallwithin this area.

Compression and Oil RingsThe 450XL piston ring set consists of three compressionrings and a single, special oil scraper ring for keeping oilconsumption to an absolute minimum.

Heavy-Duty Crankshaft*An over-sized crankshaft pin diameter provides years of rugged,dependable duty, while the larger bearing surface allows forhigher pressure differential capabilities.

Connecting Rod Bearings*Vilter’s unique oil circuit drilling arrangement ensures properhydrodynamic lubrication of insert bearings throughout the entirecompression process. Rod bearings are specially designed tosupply lubrication to the piston pin bushing at all times.

Double Bellows Shaft SealThe 450XL shaft seal, designed to specific Vilter specifications, ismanufactured from materials strictly used for industrial refrigerationapplications. Seal unit assembly consists of two opposed seals – onesealing from the atmosphere and the other from the crankcase.Mating seal surfaces are lubricated and cooled by circulated oil.

ViltriteTM FrameSingle casting incorporates suction and discharge manifoldsplus bearing supports. It’s cast right in Vilter’s own foundry toexacting tolerances from a high grade of cast iron (Viltrite) towithstand extreme changes in heat and pressure. Viltritecastings are notably free from porosity and internal strains,and display excellent wearing qualities.

*Patented Design

Nominal High-Stage CapacitiesWith its 4-1/2" x 4-1/2" bore and stroke, the 450XL provides up to

30% more capacity than similar size compressor units. And this iswhile maintaining a very favorable bhp/ton ratio.

Nominal high-stage ratings for the 450XL are shown in Figure 2below. The following conditions were used in establishing these ratings:

• 1200 RPM• Saturated suction.• No subcooling.• No belt losses.• All ratings are based on 95oF condensing temperature.• Ratings are based on a 4-cylinder 450XL (454XL). For

tonnage and approximate bhp figures of other 450XL models, usea direct proportion to the number of cylinders of the 454XL. Forexample, use a 3.0 factor for determining the 12-cylinder 450XLtons and approximate bhp figures.

Complete detailed ratings for all 450XL high-stage models, plus ratings for 450XL booster compressors, special high suction pressure compressors, and even integral two-stage compressors, are available for all major refrigerants either from the Vilter homeoffice, your Vilter District Sales Office, or from an Authorized Vilter Distributor.

Figure 2 High-Stage Capacities

Figure 1 Broad Applications

Time-Honored FeaturesVilter’s attention to detail shows wherever you look.

And with good reason. Over a century of experience in refrigerationcompressor design goes into each and every part that comprises the 450XL.

We’ve designed our component parts to work together, not just fit together. That’s why Vilter guarantees that all Genuine Vilter Partswill match your Vilter compressor dimensionally, metallurgically and thermally for optimum compressor performance.

With Genuine Vilter Parts, you can be assuredof getting the engineering design and specialconstruction features that only Vilter can offer.Consider some of the special manufacturingsteps that Vilter parts go through. Select surfacesare shot-peened for added strength; mating facesare lapped for greater compressor efficiency;many parts are ultrasonically inspected formaximum reliability; the steels used are ofspecial alloys for durable performance; exactingtolerances are measured in light bands ratherthan in thousandths of inches; and so on. Theseare all special features that are important fordependable part performance.

Look over the 450XL features carefully. Andthen compare them with other compressormakes. You’ll see that Vilter engineers havetaken special care in designing a trouble-free yeteconomical reciprocating compressor. Acompressor that’s easy on maintenance, too,with interchangeable parts throughout all of the450XL model sizes.

And one that will give you the most value foryour refrigeration dollar with an almost endlesslist of standard features.

For example, to assure long life for thecylinders, bearings and other parts, an oilprotection system featuring a manual 3-way valveand gauge for determining pressure drop acrossthe Tri-Micro® oil filter is standard on the 450XL.

So are a 560-watt crankcase oil heater withan integral thermostat set at 100oF; a crankcaseoil thermometer; and suction, discharge and oil

pressure gauges all complete with Stedy-Mounts®

and shut-off valves. Of course, all the featuresdescribed below and on the previous pages arestandard, too.

The 450XL is definitely a new concept forindustrial reciprocating compressors,incorporating the very latest advancement inrefrigeration compressor technology andengineering design. You won’t find a bettercompressor in any engine room. And that’s thepowerful edge you’ll get with the new Vilter 450XL.

The Vilter 450XL Full Two-Year WarrantyVilter’s warranty is the most solid warranty in

the industry. As solid as the compressor itself.

The 450XL compressor is fully warranted“against defects of materials and workmanshipunder normal use and service, for a period oftwo years from date of shipment regardless ofstartup date.” As an example, if startup occursone month from shipping date, the customer will

have a full twenty-three (23) months of warrantycoverage after startup.

Genuine Vilter PartsWhen you need parts for your 450XL

compressor – whether for repair work orscheduled maintenance – make sure you specifyand insist on Genuine Vilter Parts.

How can you tell that you’re getting GenuineVilter Parts? It’s easy. Just look for the GenuineVilter Part trademark. This trademark is eitheretched or stamped directly on all major Vilterparts, and it’s your assurance of Vilter warrantyprotection. In some cases, where a replacementpart does not lend itself to stamping or etching,a blue tag with the Genuine Vilter Part trademarkon it will identify the part as a Genuine VilterPart. And all Vilter replacement parts (exceptthose too big to box) are shipped in boxes thathave the Genuine Vilter Part trademark right onthe box itself.

Don’t be misled by look-alike, no-nameimitations of Vilter compressor parts that carryvague warranties. Cheap parts can become anexpensive mistake. Make sure you insist onusing only Genuine Vilter Parts, and that youcontact an Authorized Vilter Distributor (or Vilter direct) for all your 450XL parts requirements.

• A shrink-fit wrist pin is used toincrease bearing load capacity.

• Hardened steel wrist pins areground and polished to size.

• Three cast iron compressionrings and one oil ring provide apositive seal while wiping oilback to the crankcase.

• Tin-plated pistons preventscuffing.

• Replaceable insert bearingimproves lubrication and loadcarrying capacity.

• Forged connecting rods backthe precision-made, steel-backed Babbitt insert bearing.

• Grooved wrist pin bushingsare fed with pressurizedlubricating oil.

• Designed with a biggercrankpin diameter for greaterload bearing and bearingsurface.

• All crankshafts are staticallyand dynamically balanced forreduced vibration.

• Precision drilled crankshaftensures proper lubricationthrough the compression cycle.

• The 6, 8, 12, and 16-cylindercrankshafts are shot-peenedfor greater strength.

• Spring loaded safety headsprovide protection againstliquid slugging.

• The suction and dischargeporting improve compressorefficiency.

• A piston operated unloadingmechanism lifts the suctionvalve plate to unload thecylinders for reducedcapacity or unloaded starts.

• Simplified unloading piston allows easy removalfor seal servicing.

Piston, Pin and Ring Assembly Connecting Rod, Bearingand Bushing

Ductile Iron Crankshaft Spring Loaded Safety Heads Capacity Reduction System

General SpecificationsWhen Vilter initiated plans to release the

450XL, we weren’t about to do it in ahaphazard way.

We wanted to make available a completeline of 450XL models for handling everyconceivable type and size of refrigerationapplication. And we did, with six modelsavailable ranging from a nominal 25-ton 2-cylinder machine all the way to the high endof the scale – a nominal 200-ton 16-cylindermodel. In-between are the 4, 6, 8 and 12-cylinder mid-size units. All 450XLcompressors run at a maximum of 1200 RPM,and all are provided with built-in capacityreduction steps for economical operation atreduced loads. V-belt and direct-connectedmotor operation are also available throughout

the entire range of 450XL models.We’ve tried to make every inch count in

designing the 450XL to fit into even the tightestspace requirements, and we’ve done just that,while also providing a powerful machine thatprovides 50 cfm/cylinder. With the 450XL you’ll

get maximum capacity in a minimum amountof space.

There’s sure to be a 450XL model that’s aperfect match to your refrigeration application.If you don’t find one, give us a call and let usknow why.

General Dimensions

Engineering SpecificationsThe compressor shall have double shaft seal;

double tapered, roller main shaft bearings; Tri-Micro® oil filter and oil strainer that removes95% of contaminants as small as 3 microns insize; dynamically and statically balanced heavyduty crankshaft of ductile iron, also shot-peenedon 6, 8, 12 and 16-cylinder models; spring safety heads; die-forged, steel connecting rodswith replaceable bearing halves; aluminum typeheat treated pistons with three compression ringsand one oil ring; piston operated suction valvelifters to unload the compressor for starting andto provide capacity control. The piston and

connecting rods shall be assembled with a shrink-fit wrist pin for higher load carrying capabilitiesand superior wearing qualities.

The compressor(s) shall be equipped with theadditional following standard equipment:crankcase oil thermometer and heater; oil filterpressure gauge with manual 3-way valve; oil failure switch; high and low pressure cutout;capacity control switches and unloader solenoidvalves for ______ steps of capacity reduction;water or refrigerant cooled oil cooler; suction,discharge, and oil pressure gauges complete withStedy-Mounts® and shut-off valves; ___ (water orrefrigerant) cooled cylinder covers.

Compressor(s) shall come complete withstructural steel base, and be driven by a ___ HP,__________ RPM, _____ volt, _____ phase_____ cycle motor with direct coupling andcoupling guard, or V-belt drive with flywheel, beltsand motor sheave for _____ RPM.Compressor(s) shall have a capacity of not lessthan ____ tons when operating at _____ oF (psig) suction temperature (pressure)and _____ psig (oF) condensing pressure(temperature). Compressors are to bemanufactured by Vilter ManufacturingCorporation, Cudahy, Wisconsin, or equal as approved.

2 & 4 Cylinder Units 6 & 8 Cylinder Units 12 & 16 Cylinder Units

General Dimensions – The dimensions shown above are approximate, and should not be used for construction. Vilter issues certified prints for construction purposes. These dimensions are provided in inches, and are followed in parenthesis by millimeters – in. (mm)Space needed to remove flywheel – 7” (178mm). Space needed to remove crankshaft, from wall to centerline of compressor – 42” (1067mm) for a 2-8 cylinder models, and 84” (2134mm) for 12-16 cylinder models.

Vilter Manufacturing Corporation

5555 South Packard Ave.Cudahy, Wisconsin 53110-8904

www.vilter.com

Telephone: (414) 744-0111Fax: (414) 744-3483

E-mail: custserv@vilter.com

An employee-owned company

District Sales Offices &Distributors Worldwide

Vilter reserves the right to make changes in design and specifications without notice. Copyright Vilter Manufacturing Corporation 2004 • Bulletin No. 1004 DLC/3.5m/10-04 • Printed in U.S.A.