5.2 enhanced executive summarytinggi. kajian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan persepsi...

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5.3 Introduction The Malaysian Government has introduced five major initiatives to transform the nation into the developed nation status in 2020. The initiatives are the New Economy Model (NEM), 1 Malaysia, the Government Transformation Programme (GTP), the Economic Transformation Plan (ETP), and the Tenth Malaysia Plan. The NEM lists eight (8) Strategic Reform Initiatives (SRI) to drive the Malaysian economy towards a high income, inclusive and sustainable economy. The reforms introduced by the Malaysian Government in 2009 and 2010 were set towards achieving the nation's bold aspirations of Vision 2020 by joining the high-income nations. One of the initiatives is strengthening the public sector via numerous public sector reform agenda, for example, the implementation of environmental management system (EMS), which is one of the efforts undertaken in advancing sustainable development. The Brundtland Commission defined sustainable development as the "ability to make development sustainable to ensure that it meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs" (The Bruntland Report, 1987, p.8). The expectation of the more educated societies for efficient service delivery by local government is increasing as we approach the developed nation status by 2020. This is particularly true in the urban local authority jurisdiction areas. Abdullah and Kaliannan (2008, p. 8) stated that, "as the population becomes urbanized, local government grows in direct importance to the welfare and the quality of life experienced by a majority of the citizens ...". In a few years, it is expected that more than two-thirds of Malaysian citizens would reside in the urban areas (see Junus, 2015). The urbanization process would translate to congestion and increased pollution of the water, air, noise and overall environment. It is, therefore, urgent and vital for local authorities to undertake more aggressive and concerted efforts involving the public in addressing this impending issue. 5.2 Enhanced Executive Summary The Government has introduced and is currently implementing a number of initiatives to transform the nation to a developed status by the year 2020. One of the initiatives is strengthening the public sector via numerous reform agenda, such as implementing the environmental management system (EMS). This initiative is in line with Malaysia' s Government Transformation Programme (GTP) and the New Public Management doctrine. Local authorities were chosen as a sample because of their important role in advancing towards sustainable development. This study aimed to examine the impediments to the ISO 14001 (EMS) implementation by Malaysian local authorities using the institutional theory, as the underlying framework was not explored in the earlier study. The survey instrument was developed and distributed via mail to all 146 local authorities in Malaysia. The finding revealed that the impediments to the EMS implementation were explained by the lack of coercive, normative and mimetic isomorphism under the institutional theory. It was expected that the survey findings would fill in the gaps in the literature in better understanding the lack of implementation of ISO 14001, particularly in the emerging economy. CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Provided by Universiti Teknologi MARA Institutional Repository

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  • 5.3 Introduction

    The Malaysian Government has introduced five major initiatives to transform thenation into the developed nation status in 2020. The initiatives are the New EconomyModel (NEM), 1 Malaysia, the Government Transformation Programme (GTP), theEconomic Transformation Plan (ETP), and the Tenth Malaysia Plan. The NEM listseight (8) Strategic Reform Initiatives (SRI) to drive the Malaysian economy towards ahigh income, inclusive and sustainable economy. The reforms introduced by theMalaysian Government in 2009 and 2010 were set towards achieving the nation's boldaspirations of Vision 2020 by joining the high-income nations. One of the initiatives isstrengthening the public sector via numerous public sector reform agenda, forexample, the implementation of environmental management system (EMS), which isone of the efforts undertaken in advancing sustainable development. The BrundtlandCommission defined sustainable development as the "ability to make developmentsustainable — to ensure that it meets the needs of the present without compromisingthe ability of future generations to meet their own needs" (The Bruntland Report, 1987,p.8).

    The expectation of the more educated societies for efficient service delivery by localgovernment is increasing as we approach the developed nation status by 2020. Thisis particularly true in the urban local authority jurisdiction areas. Abdullah andKaliannan (2008, p. 8) stated that, "as the population becomes urbanized, localgovernment grows in direct importance to the welfare and the quality of lifeexperienced by a majority of the citizens ...". In a few years, it is expected that morethan two-thirds of Malaysian citizens would reside in the urban areas (see Junus,2015). The urbanization process would translate to congestion and increased pollutionof the water, air, noise and overall environment. It is, therefore, urgent and vital forlocal authorities to undertake more aggressive and concerted efforts involving thepublic in addressing this impending issue.

    5.2 Enhanced Executive Summary

    The Government has introduced and is currently implementing a number of initiativesto transform the nation to a developed status by the year 2020. One of the initiativesis strengthening the public sector via numerous reform agenda, such as implementingthe environmental management system (EMS). This initiative is in line with Malaysia'sGovernment Transformation Programme (GTP) and the New Public Managementdoctrine. Local authorities were chosen as a sample because of their important rolein advancing towards sustainable development. This study aimed to examine theimpediments to the ISO 14001 (EMS) implementation by Malaysian local authoritiesusing the institutional theory, as the underlying framework was not explored in theearlier study. The survey instrument was developed and distributed via mail to all 146local authorities in Malaysia. The finding revealed that the impediments to the EMSimplementation were explained by the lack of coercive, normative and mimeticisomorphism under the institutional theory. It was expected that the survey findingswould fill in the gaps in the literature in better understanding the lack ofimplementation of ISO 14001, particularly in the emerging economy.

    CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk

    Provided by Universiti Teknologi MARA Institutional Repository

    https://core.ac.uk/display/328804666?utm_source=pdf&utm_medium=banner&utm_campaign=pdf-decoration-v1

  • PROF. MADYA DR. JAMIL HAMALIKetuaProjek Penyelidikan

    Puan

    LAPORAN AKHIR PENYELIDIKAN PERSEPSI DAN PERMINTAAN PELAJAR-PELAJARBUMIPUTERA Dl SARAWAK TERHADAP PENGAJIAN TINGGI

    Dengan hormatnya perkara di atas adalah rujuk.

    Bersama-sama ini disertakan 3 (tiga) naskah Laporan Akhir Penyelidikan bertajuk "Persepsi DanPermintaan Pelajar-Pelajar Bumiputera Di Sarawak Terhadap Pengajian Tinggi" untuk rujukanpuan.

    Sekian, terima kasih.

    Yang benar

    KetuaBiro Penyelidikan dan Perundingan (BRC)UiTM Shah Alam

    Tarikh:28 Februari 2003

    No. Fail Projek :

  • VI

    181920

    202122

    18

    1515161617

    17

    8811

    14

    1244

    6

    BAB 1PENGENALAN

    1.1Latarbelakang Kajian

    1.2Struktur Pendidikan

    1.3Peningkatan Enrolmen

    1.4Objektif Kajian

    1.5Kepentingan Kajian

    BAB 2KAJIAN LITERATUR

    2.1Pengenalan

    2.2Tinjauan Kajian Antarabangsa

    2.3Kajian di Malaysia

    2.4Kesimpulan

    BAB 3METODOLOGI KAJIAN

    3.1Pengenalan

    3.2Subjek Kajian

    3.3Instrumentasi

    3.4Prosedur

    3.5Analisa Data

    3.6Had-Had Tinjauan

    BAB 4HASIL KAJIAN

    4.1Pengenalan

    4.2Komposisi Responden di Setiap Sekolah

    4.2.1Bilangan Responden Mengikut Jantina4.2.2Bilangan Responden Mengikut Aliran Pengajian4.2.3Bilangan Responden Mengikut Kaum

    4.3Latarbelakang Responden4.3.1Tahap Pendidikan Bapa4.3.2Tahap Pendidikan Ibu4.3.3Pekerjaan Bapa

    Muka surat

    iiiiiivv

    vi - viiviii - ix

    x

    KandunganTajukSurat PenyerahanSenarai Nama Ahli-Ahli ProjekPenghargaanKandunganSenarai JadualAbstrak

    ISI KANDUNGAN

  • XI

    Sejak tahun 1980-an, enrolmen ke institusi pengajian tinggi (IPT) di Malaysia telahmencatatkan peningkatan yang amat pesat. Peningkatan dalam permintaan untuk pendidikantinggi ini menunjukkan bahawa masyarakat semakin menyedari akan kepentingan pendidikantinggi dalam menentukan status sosio-ekonomi masa depan anak-anak mereka.

    Perkembangan pendidikan tinggi telah menarik minat para ahli akademik dan peggubalpolisi kepada isu-isu yang menjadi penentu kepada permintaan untuk pendidikan tinggi. Sebagaisebuah institusi yang memainkan peranan utama dalam pendidikan tinggi anak-anak Bumiputera,UiTM perlu mengatur strategi bagi menjamin peluang mereka untuk mendapatkan pendidikantinggi. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan persepsi pelajar-pelajar Bumiputera di Sarawakmengenai pendidikan tinggi, amnya dan UiTM, khasnya. lanya juga bertujuan untukmengenalpasti faktor-faktor yang menentukan pemilihan IPT oleh pelajar-pelajar Bumiputera diSarawak.

    Daripada kajian yang telah dijalankan, keputusan menunjukkan bahawa sebahagianbesar pelajar-pelajar Bumiputera mempunyai aspirasi untuk menyambung pengajian ke IPT.Tambahan pula majoriti daripada mereka bercadang untuk melanjutkan pengajian ke UiTM.Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pemilihan IPT pelajar-pelajar Bumiputera juga dikenalpasti.

    ABSTRAK

  • 1.1 LATAR BELAKANG KAJIAN

    Pendidikan telah sekian lama dianggap sebagai pelaburan yang penting dalam modal

    manusia. Pada zaman dahulu, tujuan pendidikan berkait rapat dengan penyebaran tradlsi dan

    kebudayaan. Kemudian, fungsi pendidikan bertukar kepada menyediakan tenaga pekerja yang

    mampu menyesuaikan diri dalam alam perindustrian. Semua sumbangan ini terutamanya

    kepada pembangunan sosioekonomi dapat diberikan melalui membekalkan pekerja dengan

    kemahiran, pengetahuat., kebolehan dan sikap yang seterusnya akan menghasilkan kerja yang

    lebih produktif.

    Selain daripada itu, pendidikan juga memainkan peranan yang penting dalam

    pembangunan politik. Di sekolah-sekolah, pelajar-pelajar disemaikan dengan nilai-nilai dan

    semangat nationalisma. Di samping itu, pendidikan juga menyediakan batas yang sesuai untuk

    melahirkan ahli-ahli politik baru. Pendidikan juga boleh menghasilkan suatu suasana yang

    sesuai untuk proses pemodenan dan perlaksanaan sistem demokrasi yang lebih efektif.

    Fungsi pendidikan di dalam pembangunan sosial juga sangat penting. Pendidikan

    menyediakan nilai-nilai murni sepunya untuk masyarakat berbilang kaum supaya masyarakat itu,

    tidak terlalu terkongkong dengan nilai- nilai tradisi yang mungkin akan menghalang atau

    melambatkan proses pembangunan.

    Satu lagi peranan pendidikan yang penting ialah berkaitan dengan mobiliti (penghijrahan)

    sosial. Pendidikan terutamanya pendidikan tinggi memberikan peluang yang lebih bailk untuk

    seseorang itu menceburi bidang pekerjaan dalam sektor moden dan ini seterusnya akan

    memperbaiki tahap pendapatan, darjat dan status mereka. Semua ini menunjukkan secara jelas

    BAB1

    PENGENALAN