African Monsoon Multidisciplinary Analyses

Afrikanske Monsun: Multidisiplinære Analyser

Afrikaanse Moesson Multidisciplinaire Analyse

Analisi Multidisciplinare per il Monsone Africano

Afrikanischer Monsun: Multidisziplinäre Analysen Analisis Multidiciplinar de los Monzones Africanos

Analyses Multidisciplinaires de la Mousson Africaine

Building AMMA

To reach AMMA aims, need to coordinate -Science (Challenge: disciplines, scales) -Implementation (Obs, Model,..) -Data archive and sharing -Funding issues

ACMAD

AGRYMET

African Univ

ASECNA

CERMES

DMN, DHN, , EIER, others ...

Others inEuropeINTEO, ...

FranceCATCH

White BookAMMA-API

UKNERC

DABEX DODO

GermanyIMPETUS VOLTA

USAARM-DOE NOAA NASA

Pan

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ican

init

iati

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IAF

)EU Integrated Project

AIMS

(1) To improve our understanding of the WAM and its influence on thephysical, chemical & biological environment regionally and globally.

(2) To provide the underpinning science that relates variability of the WAM toissues of health, water resources, food security & demography for West African nations and defining and implementing relevant monitoring &prediction strategies.

(3)  To ensure that the multidisciplinary research carried out in AMMA is

effectively integrated with prediction & decision making activity.

Aerosols

Chemistry

Monsoon

Dynamics

IMPACTSIMPACTS

Water Ressources

Public Health

Food security

Multi-Multi-disciplinary disciplinary

researchresearch

Socio-Economy

DecisionMaker

s

Early Warning Systems, Advices, Early Warning Systems, Advices, … …

WEATHER & CLIMATE PREDICTION & ITS IMPACTS

Medium Range Seasonal-Interannual Decadal Climate Change

Models & Models & ObservationsObservations

ISSCISSC

IGBIGB

Produces the Science & Implementation Plans

Endorses the Science & Implementation Plans

Links with International Programmes (WCRP, IGBP, THORPEX, ..)

ST4ST4 Capacity Capacity building building & & trainingtraining

WG1WG1

WG2WG2

WG3WG3

WG4WG4

WG5WG5

WAM & global climate (incl aerosol/chemistry

Water cycle

Land surface-atmosphere- ocean feedbacks

Prediction of climate impacts

High impact weather prediction

Integrative ScienceIntegrative Science

POPO

TT1TT1Radio soundingsRadio soundings

TT2aTT2aSurface LayerSurface Layer

TT3TT3Gourma siteGourma site

TT4TT4Niamey siteNiamey site

TT5TT5Ouémé siteOuémé site

TT6TT6Oceaic campaignsOceaic campaigns

TT7TT7SOP-Dry seasonSOP-Dry season

TT8TT8SOP-Monsoon seasonSOP-Monsoon season

TT9TT9SOP-DownstreamSOP-Downstream

ST2 incl

AO

C

ST3 D

atabase

ST1 E

OP

/LO

P

Obs implementationObs implementation

ICIGICIG

TT2bTT2bAerosol & Radiation Aerosol & Radiation

AMMA National & PanScientific Committees

ARMARM

International Scientific Steering Committee

Membership:Ernest Afiesimama, Abel Afouda, Abou Amani, Anton Beljaars, Bernard Bourles, Arona Diedhiou, Andreas Fink, Amadou Gaye, Jim Haywood, Paul Houser, Peter Lamb, Thierry Lebel, Bob Molinari, Doug Parker, Jan Polcher, Joe Prospero, Claire Reeves, Madeline Thomson

Co-Chairs: Jean-Luc Redelsperger, Chris Thorncroft

ISSC responsible for: Formulation of well defined scientific objectives and a coherent program, to address the three overarching aims

To coordinate integrative work through the establishment of the 5 international WGs

WG1: West African Monsoon and Global Climate

2-way interactions between West African Monsoon & the rest of the globe

to determine the variability of the WAM and its global impacts

to understand and to predict the multi-scale variability of the aspects of global

climate linked to the WAM

Including:

Aerosol and chemistry activities

Modelling activity

Co-leaders: Arona Diedhiou (IRD, Niger), Serge Janicot (LOCEAN, France) Peter Lamb (Univ. Oklahoma, US)

WG1: West African Monsoon and Global Climate

Observed and modeled rainfall (with labels for onset and retreat) for Niamey based on area-average of 50 gauges and model simulated rainfall ( Lebel et al, 2000).

Time series (1941-2001) of average normalized April-October rainfall departure for 20 stations in the West African Soudano-Sahel zone (11-18N and West of 10E); following methodology of Lamb and Peppler, 1992).

WG1: West African Monsoon and Global Climate

Dominant pattern of precipitation errorassociated with dominant pattern of SST prediction error based on persistent SST anomalies (Goddard & Mason ,Climate Dynamics, 2002)

Coupled model systematic error in equatorial SST simulation – note systematic error in east-west gradient in the tropical Atlantic

WG2: Water Cycle

Co-leaders: Amadou Gaye (Univ. Dakar, Senegal), Paul Houser (George Mason, US) ,

Jean-Luc Redelsperger (CNRM, France)

Analysis & Understanding of the water cycle at regional-scale, mesoscale and local scale

Downscaling issues for impact studies

Global SSTTeleconnections

Mesoscale Convective Systems

Convective Cells

Monsoon System

Easterly waves

GG SST Variability

Global

Mesoscale

Regional

Local

YearSeasonDayHour

Major River Basins

Catchments

Vegetation

Pools Vegetation

104 km

103km

102km

101km

SOP EOP LOP

SATELLITES

OBSERVATIONS

MODELLING / FORECASTS

A multiscale approach

Downscaling for impact studies

Scale Interactions

Water vapor transport Trace gaz , Aerosols, etc

WG3a: Land-surface-atmosphere feedbacks

To provide increased knowledge & understanding of the feedbacks between the continental surface & the atmosphere

to bring together the various process studies (land and atmosphere) in order to better understand the coupling at regional and mesoscale

Co-leaders: Jan Polcher (LMD, France); Chris Taylor (CEH, UK)

WG3a: Land-surface-atmosphere feedbacks

Koster et al, 2004

WG3b: Ocean-surface-atmosphere feedbacks

To provide increased knowledge & understanding of the feedbacks between the ocean surface & the atmosphere

to bring together the various process studies (ocean and atmosphere) in order to better understand the coupling at regional scales

Co-leaders: Bernard Bourles

WG4: Prediction of climate impacts

Co-leaders: Abou Amani (AGHRYMET, Niger), Andy Morse (Univ.

Liverpool, UK), Madeleine Thompson (IRI, US)

One of the 3 major aims of AMMA:

To provide the underpinning science that relates climate variability to issues of health, water resources, food security & demography for West African nations and defining relevant monitoring and prediction strategies.

Semaine du maximum du cycle saisonnier (hiver)(Position du FIT la plus basse en latitude)

Semaine dedémarrage

de l’épidémie

January

Prediction Alert Systems

Example: Meningitis epidemics in Mali

WG4: Prediction of climate impacts

WG5: High impact weather prediction and predictability

To improve our knowledge & understanding of high impact weather over Africa, including its impact on the tropical Atlantic and Europe.

Key timescale of interest is 1-15 days

CORE Membership: E. Afiesimama (NIMET), S. Jones (Un. Karlsuhe, Ger), D. Parsons (NCAR, US), F.Rabier (Meteo-France),C. Thorncroft (SUNY, US), Z. Toth (NCEP, US)

Can we predict dry/wet spells 15-days in advance?

Do such dry spells influence downstream tropical cyclone activity?

International Coordination & Implementation Group

Co-chairs: Thierry Lebel (IRD-Niger) & Doug Parker (Un Leeds UK)

ICIG is responsible for implementation of the AMMA field program

10 years of observation and research

Monsoon Phases 0 1 0

September

<----------------------------------> <------------------------------------------------->

AMMA SOPs

SO

P0_

a1

SO

P0_

a2

SO

P2_

a2

SO

P1_

a

3

October November DecemberJune July August

AMMA SOP Year: 2006

2

January March April MayFebruary

SOP1

<---- SOP Ground instruments remaining on site for the whole annual cycle (AMF, Aerosol Measurements, Lidars, …) ----->

<----------------->

SO

P3_

a1

SOP3<------->

SO

P2_

a3

SO

P2_

a1

SOP0 SOP2

103

EEnhanced Period (EOP)

Long term Observations (LOP)

2002

WA + Ocean

Meso

Regional

Local

2005 2006 2007 2008

103

101

102

104

0 DR

Y0 W

ET

S O P

SO

P0

_a3

?

EOP Maps

AMMA …

TamanrassetTamanrassetTamanrasset

SalSalKhartoumKhartoum

EGEE Cruises

From the continental to the local scale

NiameNiameyy

International Governing Board (IGB)

Co-Chairs: Eric Brun (Meteo-France) and Alan Thorpe (NERC)

Membership: G. Amanatidis (EU), J. Boulegue (IRD) , W. Ferrel (DOE), A. Guiteye(Director Operational Dept ASECNA), J. Kaye (NASA), A. Kignaman-Soro (ACMAD/D & Representative PIREM), J. Laver (NOAA-NCEP), A. Ndiaye (WMO), N. Papineau (INSU & CNRS)

To approve the structure and implementation of AMMA particularly with respect to the necessary financial and technical support.

To identify and mobilize national & international resources to support AMMA activities.

The first meeting took place on December 20 via video-conference  

International AMMA Webpages

International AMMA webpages have been developed to aid communication

http://www.amma-international.org

Unique entrance to all AMMA sites

AMMA is definitively International

Endorsed by Major International Programmes

More than 500 Researchers from around 30 countries in Africa, Europe & USA Algeria, Belgium, Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Cap Verde, Chad, Congo, Denmark, France, Germany, Ghana, Italy, Ivory Coast, Mali, Morocco, Netherlands, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Spain, Togo, UK, US

Collaboration with other international Programmes as:

WMO

Founding Agencies

Regional African Centers

Agencies supporting AMMA

With the participation ofUniversity of Cologne, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft-und Raumfharte, University of Leeds, Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, University of Copenhagen, MEDIAS-France, University of Burgundy, Université Paris 12 - Val de Marne, Université Paul Sabatier, Centre de coopération Internationale gen Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement, University of Bremen, Forschunggszentrum Kalsruhe, Leibniz-Institut für Meereswissenschaften, Ludwig-Maximilianns-Universitaet Muenchen, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Univerrsity of East Anglia, University of Liverpool, University of York, University of Leicester, University of Manchester, Chancellor, Masters and Scholars of University of Cambridge, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche - Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, Enea per Nuove Technologie, l'Energia e l'Ambiente, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche -Institute of Biometeorology , Universita' di Perugia, Universidad de Castilla- La Mancha, Universitad Complutense de Madrid, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, Université catholique de Louvain, European Ceeentre for Medium-range Weather Forecasts, Centre Régional AGRHYMET, Centre de Reecherche Médicale et Sanitaire, Ecole Inter-Etats d'Ingénieurs de l'Equipement JRural, African Centre of Meteorological Application for development, Vaisala OYJ, Ocean Scientific International Ltd, Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute, Agence pour la Sécurité de la Navigation Aérienne en Afrique et Madagascar, Kalsrhue University, Universite d Abomey-Calavi, Universite de Dakar, Universite de Niamey, Directions de la Meteorologie et de l Hydrologie du Benin, Burkina Faso, Cote dÍvoire, Ghana, Guinee, Mali, Niger, Senegal, Togo

AMMA a programme mobilizing the African & international Communities

AMMA human issues & a scientific challenge

AMMA a challenge for African Research

KEY ISSUES

(1) Funding for Africans: AMMA-International is currently working to mobilize funds to support African participation in AMMA. This includes participation in AMMA meetings (workshops, conferences, working group meetings etc). It also includes support for AMMA science and proposals provided already by African scientists. Can the JSC help/advise?

(2) AMMA – an Integrated Regional Study? AMMA-International would like to discuss the possibility of it becoming an IRS and to see in particular if this would help to mobilize resources for African participation in AMMA.

(3) African representation on the JSC: We will recommend an African candidate to join the JSC (as requested) after we have had further discussions with the coordinators of AMMA-Africa. We will hope to provide this recommendation by the end of May.