a new successful wide cross between c. cajan (l.) millsp. and c. lanceolatus (wv fitgz) van der...

A new successful wide cross between C. cajan (L.) Millsp. and C. lanceolatus (WV Fitgz) van der Maesen Sandhya Srikanth 1,2 , M.V. Rao 2 and Nalini Mallikarjuna 1 1 International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad 502 324, Andhra Pradesh, India 2 Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli – 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India Cultivated pigeonpea has a narrow genetic base. Wild relatives play an important role in broadening its genetic base. The utilization of wild species from the secondary gene pool are important as they are closely related leading to normal chromosome recombination. This helps in the transfer of useful genes/traits to cultivated pigeonpea (Mallikarjuna et al., 2011). Until now C. lanceolatus had not been successfully crossed as previous report obtained F 1 hybrids, but they did not reach the reproductive stage. MEIOTIC ANALYSIS OF F 1 HYBRIDS METAPHASE, ANAPHASE, TETRADS, POLLEN AND ANTHER OF FERTILE F 1 P 6 METAPHASE, ANAPHASE, TETRADS, POLLEN AND ANTHER OF STERILE HYBRID F 1 P 7 MORPHOLOGY OF LEAVES, FLOWERS AND SEEDS OF PARENTS AND HYBRIDS Metaphase showing univalents Anaphase showing univalents and unequal distribution Tetrads showing micronuclei Non-seperation of tetrads Sterile anther ♦ Bruchid (Callosobruchus maculatus F) is well known pest of pigeonpea in storage world wide. The present study shows that C. lanceolatus is a good source of resistance to bruchids. The larval/pupal period was prolonged in C. lanceolatus (57-81days) compared to 35 days on the female parent ICPL 85010 indicating the antibiosis mechanism of resistance in the wild species. Many of the hybrids showed different levels of resistance to bruchids. S.NO PLANT NUMBER POLLEN FERTILITY % 1 ICPL 85010 X ICPW15639 F 1 P 1 0 (STERILE) 2 ICPL 85010 X ICPW15639 F 1 P 2 37.8 3 ICPL 85010 X ICPW15639 F 1 P 3 24.3 4 ICPL 85010 X ICPW15639 F 1 P 4 0 (STERILE) 5 ICPL 85010 X ICPW15639 F 1 P 5 40.5 6 ICPL 85010 X ICPW15639 F 1 P 6 40.7 7 ICPL 85010 X ICPW15639 F 1 P 7 0 (STERILE) 8 ICPL 85010 X ICPW15639 F 1 P 8 56 9 ICPL 85010 X ICPW15639 F 1 P 9 36.06 10 ICPL 85010 X ICPW15639 F 1 P 10 0 (STERILE) 11 ICPL 85010 X ICPW15639 F 1 P 11 45% 12 ICPL 85010 X ICPW15639 F 1 P 12 0 (STERILE) 13 ICPL 85010 X ICPW15639 F 1 P 13 50% 14 ICPL 85010 X ICPW15639 F 1 P 14 48% PLANT NO (ICPL85010 X ICPW 15639) F 1 NO. OF SEEDS NO. OF ADULTS RELEASED NO. OF EGGS LAID NO. OF ADULTS EMERGED NO.OF DAYS TAKEN (Range) ADULT MORT ALITY % P 1 10 8 16 8 44-54 62.5 P 2 10 8 38 12 41 -56 16.7 P 4 10 8 4 3 44-56 33.3 P 5 5 6 25 5 47-53 60 P 6 5 8 13 6 41-51 33.3 P 7 10 8 9 7 44-54 42.9 P 8 5 8 19 1 56 100 ICPW 15639 12 10 29 10 57-81 33.3 ICPL 85010 10 6 14 10 35-38 0 C. maculatus laid eggs on seeds of ICPW 15639 adult died inside the seed of ICPW15639 (after 81 days ) [email protected] POLLEN FERTILITY IN HYBRIDS TABLE SHOWING THE BRUCHID ANALYSIS ICPL 85010 HEIGHT-175 cm F 1 P 14 F 1 P 13 F 1 P 12 F 1 P 11 F 1 P 10 ICPW 15639 ICPW 85010 ICPW 15639 HEIGHT-285 cm ICPL 85010 X ICPW 15639 F 1 P 11 Height-380 cm Pods of ICPL 85010 Pods and Flowers of ICPW 15639 Flowers of F 1 Hybrid F 1 Hybrid ICPW 15639 ICPW 15639 ICPL 85010 ICPL 85010 ICPL 85010 ICPW 15639 Flowers of F 1 Hybrid Seeds of F 1 Hybrid ICPL 85010 X ICPW 15639 F 1 P 12 ICPW 15639 ICPL 85010 (ICPL 85010 X ICPW 15639) F 1 P 12 Sterile anthers (ICPL 85010 X ICPW 15639) F 1 P 6 Fertile anthers

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A new successful wide cross between C. cajan (L.) Millsp. and C. lanceolatus (WV Fitgz) van der Maesen

Sandhya Srikanth1,2, M.V. Rao2 and Nalini Mallikarjuna1 1International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad 502 324, Andhra Pradesh, India

2Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli – 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India

Cultivated pigeonpea has a narrow genetic base. Wild relatives play an important role in broadening its genetic base. The utilization of wild species from the secondary gene pool are important as they are closely related leading to normal chromosome recombination. This helps in the transfer of useful genes/traits to cultivated pigeonpea (Mallikarjuna et al., 2011). Until now C. lanceolatus had not been successfully crossed as previous report obtained F1 hybrids, but they did not reach the reproductive stage.

MEIOTIC ANALYSIS OF F1 HYBRIDS

METAPHASE, ANAPHASE, TETRADS, POLLEN AND ANTHER OF FERTILE F1 P6

METAPHASE, ANAPHASE, TETRADS, POLLEN AND ANTHER OF STERILE HYBRID F1 P7

MORPHOLOGY OF LEAVES, FLOWERS AND SEEDS OF PARENTS AND HYBRIDS

Metaphase showing univalents

Anaphase showing univalents and unequal distribution

Tetrads showing micronuclei

Non-seperation of tetrads

Sterile anther

♦ Bruchid (Callosobruchus maculatus F) is well known pest of pigeonpea in storage world wide. The present study shows that C. lanceolatus is a good source of resistance to bruchids. The larval/pupal period was prolonged in C. lanceolatus (57-81days) compared to 35 days on the female parent ICPL 85010 indicating the antibiosis mechanism of resistance in the wild species. Many of the hybrids showed different levels of resistance to bruchids.

S.NO PLANT NUMBER POLLEN FERTILITY %

1 ICPL 85010 X ICPW15639 F1P1 0 (STERILE)

2 ICPL 85010 X ICPW15639 F1P2 37.8

3 ICPL 85010 X ICPW15639 F1P3 24.3

4 ICPL 85010 X ICPW15639 F1P4 0 (STERILE)

5 ICPL 85010 X ICPW15639 F1P5 40.5

6 ICPL 85010 X ICPW15639 F1P6 40.7

7 ICPL 85010 X ICPW15639 F1P7 0 (STERILE)

8 ICPL 85010 X ICPW15639 F1P8 56

9 ICPL 85010 X ICPW15639 F1P9 36.06

10 ICPL 85010 X ICPW15639 F1P10 0 (STERILE)

11 ICPL 85010 X ICPW15639 F1P11 45%

12 ICPL 85010 X ICPW15639 F1P12 0 (STERILE)

13 ICPL 85010 X ICPW15639 F1P13 50%

14 ICPL 85010 X ICPW15639 F1P14 48%

PLANT NO (ICPL85010

X ICPW 15639) F1

NO. OF SEEDS

NO. OF ADULTS

RELEASED

NO. OF EGGS LAID

NO. OF ADULTS

EMERGED

NO.OF DAYS

TAKEN (Range)

ADULT MORT ALITY

P1 10 8 16 8 44-54 62.5P2 10 8 38 12 41 -56 16.7P4 10 8 4 3 44-56 33.3P5 5 6 25 5 47-53 60P6 5 8 13 6 41-51 33.3P7 10 8 9 7 44-54 42.9P8 5 8 19 1 56 100

ICPW 15639 12 10 29 10 57-81 33.3ICPL 85010 10 6 14 10 35-38 0

C. maculatus laid eggs on seeds of ICPW 15639

adult died inside the seed of ICPW15639 (after 81 days )

[email protected]

POLLEN FERTILITY IN HYBRIDS TABLE SHOWING THE BRUCHID ANALYSIS

ICPL 85010HEIGHT-175 cm

F1 P14 F1 P13 F1 P12 F1 P11 F1 P10 ICPW 15639 ICPW 85010

ICPW 15639HEIGHT-285 cm

ICPL 85010 XICPW 15639F1 P11Height-380 cm

Pods of ICPL 85010 Pods and Flowers of ICPW 15639

Flowers of F1 Hybrid

F1 Hybrid