Julio Herbas Pizarro

“SPE Workshop: The Journey to 70% Reservoir Recovery: Multiple Disciplines, Different Methods, One Goal”

15-17 December 2014Jumeirah at Etihad Towers

Abu Dhabi, UAE

EXPERIENCES INCREASING THE EXPERIENCES INCREASING THE RECOVERY FACTOR RECOVERY FACTOR

DEVELOPED & UNDEVELOPED FIELDSDEVELOPED & UNDEVELOPED FIELDS

Julio Herbas Pizarro

INCREASING THE RECOVERY FACTORINCREASING THE RECOVERY FACTORDEVELOPED & UNDEVELOPED FIELDSDEVELOPED & UNDEVELOPED FIELDS

• EOR DEVELOPED FIELDS SOUTH AMERICA EOR DEVELOPED FIELDS SOUTH AMERICA

• EOR UNDEVELOPED FIELDS SOUTH AMERICAEOR UNDEVELOPED FIELDS SOUTH AMERICA

• EOR STUDIES NORTH SEA & CENTRAL AFRICA EOR STUDIES NORTH SEA & CENTRAL AFRICA

• CONCLUSSIONSCONCLUSSIONS

SUMMARYSUMMARY1.1.LATE EOR DEPLETED FIELD STUDIED IN 1978-86 LATE EOR DEPLETED FIELD STUDIED IN 1978-86

SHOWED UNATTRACTIVE. ~4 BSTB LEFT SHOWED UNATTRACTIVE. ~4 BSTB LEFT UNDERGROUND, HOWEVER DEMONSTRATED VALUE UNDERGROUND, HOWEVER DEMONSTRATED VALUE OF EARLY EOR, LESSON APPLIED IN 1986 DISCOVERY. OF EARLY EOR, LESSON APPLIED IN 1986 DISCOVERY.

2.2.EARLY EOR VALUES, CONCEPT APPLIED IN 1986 EARLY EOR VALUES, CONCEPT APPLIED IN 1986 DISCOVERY, INCREASED RECOVERY FACTOR FROM DISCOVERY, INCREASED RECOVERY FACTOR FROM ~12% TO 56%. VALUE >1.6 BSTB. ~12% TO 56%. VALUE >1.6 BSTB.

3.3.EARLY EOR REQUIRES PRODUCTION SACRIFICE. EARLY EOR REQUIRES PRODUCTION SACRIFICE.

4.4.OFFSHORE EOR DIFICULT, ANCIENT FACILITIES OFFSHORE EOR DIFICULT, ANCIENT FACILITIES MAKE IT MORE CHALLENGING. MAKE IT MORE CHALLENGING.

INCREASING THE RECOVERY FACTORINCREASING THE RECOVERY FACTORDEVELOPED & UNDEVELOPED FIELDSDEVELOPED & UNDEVELOPED FIELDS

EASTERN VENEZUELA EASTERN VENEZUELA WATER/GAS INJECTION STUDIES 1978-1986WATER/GAS INJECTION STUDIES 1978-1986

EASTERN VENEZUELA EASTERN VENEZUELA WATER/GAS INJECTION STUDIES 1978-1986WATER/GAS INJECTION STUDIES 1978-1986

•STUDIES BY BECHTELL & STUDIES BY BECHTELL & LAGOVEN: 1978-1983LAGOVEN: 1978-1983

•FIELD TESTS: STEAM FIELD TESTS: STEAM INJECTION, WATER INJECTION, WATER INJECTION, GAS INJECTION INJECTION, GAS INJECTION

RESULTRESULT: MARGINAL FIELD: MARGINAL FIELD..

INCREASING RECOVERY FACTOR - DEPLETED FIELDS INCREASING RECOVERY FACTOR - DEPLETED FIELDS EASTERN VENEZUELA 1978-1987EASTERN VENEZUELA 1978-1987

Oil rate 2014: 1000 bopd

EASTERN VENEZUELAEASTERN VENEZUELALATE WATER/GAS INJECTION JUSEPIN FIELDLATE WATER/GAS INJECTION JUSEPIN FIELD

Production plot is notional

UNDEPLETED FIELDS - EL FURRIAL –UNDEPLETED FIELDS - EL FURRIAL – WATER & MISCIBLE WATER & MISCIBLE GAS INJECTION AT 2500 PSIGAS INJECTION AT 2500 PSI ABOVE BUBBLE POINT ABOVE BUBBLE POINT

EASTERN VENEZUELAN WATER & MISCIBLE GAS EASTERN VENEZUELAN WATER & MISCIBLE GAS INJECTION AT 2500 PSI ABOVE BUBBLE POINT INJECTION AT 2500 PSI ABOVE BUBBLE POINT

~ 80 WELLS

( ~40I, 40P)

WATER INJECTION PRESSURE: 4500 Psi

GAS INJECTION PRESSURE 7000 Psi

API 27 TO <14 0.4 CPS 1100 SCF/STBAPI 27 TO <14 0.4 CPS 1100 SCF/STB

42 WATER INJECTORS7 GAS INJECTORS WAG – FLANK WI

P = 6400 Psia

@ 13800 feet ss

08/2002

Maintenance Pressure : 6500 PsiaBuble point Pressure: 4500 Psia

CURRENT OIL RATE: ~340,000 BOPDCURRENT OIL RATE: ~340,000 BOPD

CUM PROD~ 3.1 MMSTBCUM PROD~ 3.1 MMSTBCURRENT RF~ 36%CURRENT RF~ 36%TARGET RF: 56%TARGET RF: 56%

Por: Nellys Chek-Yan

UNDEPLETED FIELDS EASTERN VENEZUELA WATER UNDEPLETED FIELDS EASTERN VENEZUELA WATER INJECTION SINCRONIZED TO ARREST PRESSURE DECLINE INJECTION SINCRONIZED TO ARREST PRESSURE DECLINE

WATER INJECT START 1992WATER INJECT START 1992

PROD. SACRIFIED: 4500 STB/DAY -1992PROD. SACRIFIED: 4500 STB/DAY -1992

PROD.SACRIFIED ~40.000 STB/DAY- 1994PROD.SACRIFIED ~40.000 STB/DAY- 1994

GAS INJECTION START 1998GAS INJECTION START 1998

PRODUTION SACRIFIED:PRODUTION SACRIFIED:

~ 35000 STB/DAY - 1998~ 35000 STB/DAY - 1998

INCREASING RECOVERY FACTOR INCREASING RECOVERY FACTOR

INITIAL PRESSURE ~ 5000 PSI INITIAL PRESSURE ~ 5000 PSI ; ; PB~ 3109 PSI; P @2010 ~2000 PSIPB~ 3109 PSI; P @2010 ~2000 PSI PEAK PRODUCTION ~30000 STB/DAYPEAK PRODUCTION ~30000 STB/DAY

LATE EOR - NORTH SEA DEPLETED FIELDLATE EOR - NORTH SEA DEPLETED FIELD

EOR STUDY : EOR STUDY : UNATTRACTIVEUNATTRACTIVE

CENTRAL AFRICA UNDEVELOPED FIELDS CENTRAL AFRICA UNDEVELOPED FIELDS EOR EOR FEASIBILITY STUDIES

Prototype reservoir simulation evaluating Chemical EOR

EOR STUDIES NEW UNDEVELOPED FIELDS DEFINING EOR PARAMETERS DEPLETED AND UN-DEPLETED CONDITIONS

MICRO MODELS: WATER FLOOD (LEFT) AND CHEMICAL FLOOD (RIGHT).

MECHANISTIC & SECTOR MODELLING

PILOT TEST PLANNING &FIELD IMPLEMENTATION STUDIES

FIELD SCALE SIMULATION

EOR EARLY:EOR EARLY:

• EASTERN VENEZUELA CASES: EASTERN VENEZUELA CASES: EARLY EOR INCREASED RECOVERY EARLY EOR INCREASED RECOVERY

FACTOR ~15% UP TO 55% VALUE ~1650 MMSTB FACTOR ~15% UP TO 55% VALUE ~1650 MMSTB

• PRODUCTION SACRIFICED PAY BACK BY HIGHER CUM PRODUCTIONPRODUCTION SACRIFICED PAY BACK BY HIGHER CUM PRODUCTION

EOR LATE: EOR LATE:

• STUDIES IN 2 DEPLETED FIELDS EASTERN VENEZUELA RESULTED STUDIES IN 2 DEPLETED FIELDS EASTERN VENEZUELA RESULTED

UNECONOMIC UNECONOMIC <1 BSTB LEFT UNDERGROUND<1 BSTB LEFT UNDERGROUND, BUT DEMONSTRATED , BUT DEMONSTRATED

VALUE OF EARLY EORVALUE OF EARLY EOR

• EOR OFFSHORE IN DEPLETED RESERVOIRS DIFICULT/MARGINALEOR OFFSHORE IN DEPLETED RESERVOIRS DIFICULT/MARGINAL

INCREASING THE RECOVERY FACTORINCREASING THE RECOVERY FACTORDEVELOPED & UNDEVELOPED FIELDS - DEVELOPED & UNDEVELOPED FIELDS - CONCLUSSIONSCONCLUSSIONS