actsa newsletter summer 2012

SUMMER 2012

£1 (free for members)

FEATURE ARTICLE

AngolA: A lAnd of contrAsts by LUIs sAmACUmbI

ANGOLA TO ZIMBABWE: THE A – Z OF SOUTHERN AFRICA

The articles in ACTsA News do not necessarily represent any agreed position of ACTsA itself.

EDITOR/ Joey Abbiss-Stubbs

FRONT COVER/ Women waiting outside a polling station in Sumbe town to cast their votes in Angola’s first national elections, 1992.CREDIT / UN Photo library, Milton Grant.

LAYOUT/ Do Good Advertising

ADDRESS/Action for Southern Africa231 Vauxhall Bridge RoadLondonSW1V 1EH

TEL/020 3263 2001

EMAIL/ [email protected]

WEBSITE/ www.actsa.org

WELCOME TO THE SUMMER EDITION OF ACTSA NEWS

In this issue of ACTsA News we reflect on peace and security in southern Africa, looking at two countries: Angola and Zimbabwe.

Angola is still grappling with the physical, social and political legacy of four decades of conflict, which started with the 14 year war of liberation in 1961 and continued post independence as a civil war up until 2002. As the country celebrates the tenth anniversary of peace following the end of the civil war, we are grateful to Luis samacumbi for his article on what Angola has achieved. Read Luis’s reflections on p6.

Zimbabwe is now infamous for its lack of stability– a reputation that was solidified in 2008 with a brutal campaign against opposition supporters during the presidential run off election. Unfortunately Zimbabwe elections now tend to be associated with violence, intimidation and harassment. The fear is that the elections which should take place by mid 2013, could see the country descend to the levels of violence of 2008. Our spotlight article on p5 summarises the delicate situation in which Zimbabwe finds itself at the moment, and considers what may happen in the next year.

ACTsA continues to work in solidarity with our partners in Zimbabwe as they maintain their struggle for rights, democracy and development in the country. I urge you to show your solidarity with the people of Zimbabwe by supporting our appeal on p15 and help us to continue defending their rights.

Finally, ACTsA’s Annual General meeting and conference takes place on 3 November this year. It is an opportunity for you to have a say in ACTsA’s work, so please put the date in your diary now. you can request papers by emailing [email protected] or calling 020 3263 2001.

best wishes,

Joey Abbiss-stubbs Fundraising and Communications Officer

note from the editor

SUMMER 2012 / ANGOLA TO ZIMBABWE: THE A – Z OF SOUTHERN AFRICA / PAGE 03

news


UN HUMAN RIGHTS CHIEF VISITS ZIMBABWEIn may Navi Pillay, the UN Commissioner for Human Rights visited Zimbabwe to assess the rights situation in the country. she met with several ministers, President Robert mugabe and Prime minister morgan Tsvangirai, as well as political parties and rights groups. It was the first visit to Zimbabwe by any High Commissioner for Human Rights.

At the end of her visit Pillay noted improvements in Zimbabwe’s economy and efforts to tackle HIV/AIDs, but stated that polarisation within the country was acting as a major impediment to the advancement of human rights. she expressed concern about increasing domestic and politically motivated violence against women, and harassment of human rights defenders. Controversially, Pillay also called for sanctions (targeted measures) against Zimbabwe to be dropped.

FIRST FEMALE pRESIDENT FOR MALAWIbingu wa mutharika, malawi’s president died suddenly in April, having suffered a cardiac arrest on 3 April.

On 7 April former deputy president Joyce banda, a prominent women’s rights campaigner, was sworn in as president becoming southern Africa’s first female head of state. she is expected to run the country until scheduled elections take place in 2014.

IMF WALkS AWAY FROM SWAZILANDIn may the International monetary Fund (ImF), withdrew its advisory team from swaziland, saying that it was unable to support the government’s proposed financial reform programme.

Government spending in the kingdom currently exceeds its revenue, and the ImF had been working with the government to implement the Fiscal Adjustment Roadmap to address this.

At a press conference Johannes mongardini, head of the ImF team in swaziland stated, “Government has yet to propose a credible reform programme that could be supported by a new ImF staff monitored programme… the budget allocates an increasing share of resources to some sectors at the expense of education and health.”

ANC AppEAL COMMITTEE UpHOLDS ExpULSION OF MALEMAIn April the African National Congress upheld the expulsion of ANC youth League leader Julius malema. He was previously found guilty of fomenting divisions and bringing the party into disrepute. Appeals by youth League spokesperson Floyd shviambu and secretary general sindiso magaqa were also rejected. Their membership of the party was suspended for three and one years respectively.

Constitutional ProcessWill Zimbabwe get a new constitution before elections which have to take place by June 2013? A draft has been produced but the process remains unclear. The draft limits the presidential term to a total of 10 years but not retrospectively. The President retains wide ranging executive powers. There is no mention of devolution or decentralisation which is an issue, certainly in matabeleland. In theory there should be a second all stakeholders conference on the draft, then parliament discusses and agrees, and then a referendum. The earliest a referendum could take place is August, but realistically this now seems unlikely. If a referendum is not held this year there must be considerable doubts it will be held prior to elections.

ElectionsThe environment in Zimbabwe is not yet conducive to holding democratic elections. According to a study by the Institute for Democratic Alternatives for southern Africa freedom of association, access to media, political tolerance and impartiality of electoral institutions amongst others are lacking.

SADC Facilitation and the Global Political AgreementsADC confirmed at a summit in early June that Zimbabwe should implement the Global Political Agreement signed by the main parties in september 2008. Part of that agreement is to hold a referendum on a new constitution and agree on a road map for democratic elections within a year. An inclusive government formed in February 2009, but progress is slow and continues to be marked by distrust and disunity.

ViolenceThis continues with legal harassment, intimidation and threats with institutions of the state operating in a politically partisan manner supporting ZANU PF.

Human RightsThe first ever visit to Zimbabwe by any UN High Commissioner for Human Rights took place at the end of may. The Commissioner, south African Navi Pillay issued a strong call to end violence, respect human rights, for the new constitution to have a bill of rights, for institutions of the state to be non-party political, for respect for human rights defenders and encouragement of a vibrant civil society. she urged countries which have sanctions (targeted measures) against Zimbabweans to suspend them, at least until the conduct and outcome of the elections and related reforms are clear.

spotlight

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“ ANGOLA: A LAND OF ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL CONTRASTS AFTER TEN YEARS OF pEACE”

On April 4 2012 Angola celebrated the “Precious Decade” - a day of peace and national reconciliation. The celebration ceremony took place in the province where the war began and ended, moxico, where despair turned to hope in 2002. It’s now ten years since peace came - how time flies!

This article summarises what I have been able to read and gather from friends, colleagues and people who deal with the communities on a daily basis on what has changed in Angola, what should have changed and what future can be expected for Angola.

focus

Luís Samacumbi is Director of the Department of Social Assistance, Studies and Projects (DASEP) of the Evangelical Congregational Church of Angola, and a member of the Angola Political and Social Observatory.


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There are different opinions and feelings about the ten years of peace in Angola. The Angolan Government says that between 2002 and 2012 nearly 12,000 km of paved roads and about 403 bridges, some with more than two-lanes, were built. This has facilitated the movement of people and trade. In the education sector 6.2 million students are enrolled in the public school system (in both primary and secondary schools), higher education has 150,000 students - a significant population if we consider that in 2002 there were only 20,000. The school and hospital network has expanded. From two universities, the Public and Catholic, we already have over two dozen. This has allowed more people to have access to education and health services. The number of internet users in Angola grew from 40,983 in 2005 to 1,000,000 in 2010.

In a recent report Professor Paulo m. buss, president of the World Federation of Public Health Associations, stated:

“Angola is a land of economic and social contrasts. In the course of the decade 2000- 2010, a significant reduction of poverty was observed, i.e. the proportion of people living on less than Us$1 per day, fell from 68% in 2001 to 36.6% in 2009 or almost 93% of target value for 2015, of 34% living in absolute poverty. However, if the national number is good, there are still large internal disparities. In the cities, the proportion will fall to 18.7% and reach 58.3% in rural areas (or more than three times the urban area). Although national wealth has grown an amazing average of 14.3% annually between 2002 and 2008, disparities between rich and poor, between urban and rural, between centre and periphery unfortunately have not been reduced, in contrast, they have

expanded more. However, this growth has been battered by the economic and financial crisis that exploded in the central countries of global capitalism, reducing Angola’s growth to about 2.7% growth in 2009. Unemployment is nearing 20% of the workforce. These figures are alarming and project a lasting negative effect on the health situation. Infant and maternal mortality are still very high, even compared to countries of similar economic situation of Africa, as well as very low life expectancy at birth of Angolans.”

The truth is that Angola has moved from a state of war to a state of peace and has managed to preserve the peace itself, which has contributed in significant improvement of social infrastructure and roads in the country, facilitating the reunion of the Angolan families. According to Political and social Observatory of Angola (OPsA) the improvement of conditions for the movement of people and goods (better roads, greater provision of road and air transport) provide better opportunities for people from areas that were previously more isolated. The regions which are now best served by the road network had access to a larger amount of products and probably at a lower cost. moreover, these regions and their producers should also be able to sell their products more easily. This is perhaps the most obvious aspect of a potential trickledown effect of economic growth on the poor.

In addition, OPsA states the mass media behaviour showed their traditional difficulty in taking a truly public nature. With occasional exceptions, its tone continued to be excessively supportive of the government. The media not only


favours disproportionately the news and analysis of actions and initiatives of the executive and the ruling party, but also omits facts considered negative by the power (such as strikes, for example) as if they had not happened, and points of view different from those advocated by the authorities. The space for criticism of the state is virtually nonexistent. This trend was particularly evident during the 2008 election.

According to Jorge Cambinda, Tearfund’s regional advisor for Angola and mozambique:

“For many Angolans, the military mostly have been able to show great capacity to forgive and deal with differences over the period under review, while it has been noticed on the other hand, silencing the opposition (political, media), silencing of leaders of civil society, churches, and others by adopting less violent tactics, such as bribery and blackmail. There is also the easing of international pressure on the Government of Angola and the consequent formation of a state Party - Nation, which has led to weakness and irrelevance of political opposition and the consequent placement of ordinary citizens in direct collision course with the authorities”.

The environment referred to above seems to have brought an increase in

labour disputes. The close relationship between politics and private economic activity, coupled with weak institutions and judicial mediation and the weakened trade union movement, hampers prevention and constructive and fair resolution of labour disputes.

For many Angolans, the discussion and subsequent adoption of the new Constitution and laws (land law) did not meet the aspirations of ordinary people and took away the dream of direct election of their President. Issues of ownership and land ownership have aggravated the vulnerability of poor families and disadvantaged people and there is social exclusion. There seems to be an increasing arrogance and no sense of accountability of those who hold power.

The immense wealth of Angola has precipitated the search for a greater role in the international arena although there are many pressing domestic issues including true reconciliation. It has developed a national elite that can undermine the peace, inciting instead dislike and discomfort in those who feel excluded and whose willingness to participate is simply rejected and humiliated. more openness to foreign investment is being given without enabling Angolans to be expert investors, with the opportunity to participate. Decisions on who should or should not do business are taken on the basis of party loyalty, which creates barriers to participation, is not necessarily linked to development, and gives rise to opportunists who profit without accountability. While this state of affairs continues, peace will always be threatened. Alienated youth and

THE IMMENSE WEALTH OF ANGOLA HAS pRECIpITATED THE SEARCH FOR A GREATER ROLE IN THE INTERNATIONAL ARENA ALTHOUGH THERE ARE MANY pRESSING DOMESTIC ISSUES INCLUDING TRUE RECONCILIATION


intellectuals may become violent in expressing their frustrations and despair. I fear that Angola will be more a case of failure in Africa despite its potential.

Those civil society activists including Christians who participated in the process of bringing peace, because peace was not brought only by force of arms, said “while the causes that moved Angola to enter the war are not removed - the injustices, discrimination, crime, embezzlement, nepotism, political

blasphemy and so forth - a durable peace will never be achieved.”

There remains hope for Angola because an increasing number of people are aware of what is happening, are discussing how best to help the country to be reunited with its true path to lasting peace, true reconciliation with people centred development to the fore. Let us be reminded that the past shapes, but does not determine the future.

FOR MANY ANGOLANS, THE DISCUSSION AND SUBSEQUENT ADOpTION OF THE NEW CONSTITUTION AND LAWS (LAND LAW) DID NOT MEET THE ASpIRATIONS OF ORDINARY pEOpLE AND TOOk AWAY THE DREAM OF DIRECT ELECTION OF THEIR pRESIDENT


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campaigns

SWAZILAND Celebrations were short lived for the newly established Trade Union Congress of swaziland (TUCOsWA) as the government responded to its calls for multi party democracy in march by deregistering the new body and repeatedly attempting to silence it both in swaziland and internationally. Fortunately, at the end of April, ACTsA hosted Vincent Dlamini, TUCOsWA’s National Organising secretary and secretary General of the National Public services and Allied Workers’ Union for a visit to highlight the repression of trade unionists and build support for the campaign for democracy, rights and reducing poverty in swaziland.

Vincent addressed trade unionists in scotland, the West midlands, London and Europe and met with members of parliament, the Foreign and Commonwealth Office, the Commonwealth secretariat and representatives of the International Labour Organisation. His visit came at an ideal time to build an increased interest amongst decision makers about swaziland’s deteriorating human rights situation. Thanks to UNIsON, Unite and Prospect for supporting Vincent’s visit.

Later in may, London received another swazi visitor, King mswati III, here for a diamond jubilee lunch for monarchs at Windsor Castle. ACTsA and the swaziland Vigil were joined by trade unionists and members of the Zimbabwe Vigil for a protest outside the luxurious savoy Hotel, where the King and his entourage of 30 were staying. On the saturday evening protestors returned to the hotel to call for democracy and rights for swaziland, to coincide with a party hosted by the king. The media in britain reported protests against human rights violations and poverty in swaziland. The highly censored swazi media had a different take on the visit, reporting a warm welcome for King mswati and his entourage.

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JUSTICE FOR SOUTH AFRICAN GOLD MINERS

Thanks to all of you who have supported ACTsA’s Justice for south African Gold miners Appeal. In the last couple of months our campaign which takes up the National Union of mineworkers in south Africa’s call for the establishment of a dedicated silicosis fund to provide decent compensation for ex-mineworkers and their dependents has grown from strength to strength. In April Peter bailey, Health and safety National Chairperson and Adam Letshele, Compensation Officer from the NUm, came to London for a number of meetings including the Anglo American AGm. Anglo American south Africa was the biggest gold mining company in south Africa under apartheid. It is a wholly owned subsidiary of Anglo American PLC. Peter spoke at a meeting in parliament and an ACTsA public meeting, hosted by the TUC, to highlight the plight of silicosis sufferers, alongside Daniel Thakamakau a silicosis and Tb sufferer and Richard meeran from Leigh, Day and Co, representing ex miners in a compensation case against Anglo American. ACTsA lobbied Anglo American shareholders about the situation of ex mineworkers as they made their way to the AGm, whilst inside the meeting Peter bailey and Daniel Thakamakau spoke passionately about the impact that silicosis was having on thousands and the need for decent compensation. On 9 may ACTsA publicised the situation of ex gold miners suffering from silicosis across southern Africa outside the Royal Courts of Justice, as the miners’ case for compensation made its first legal appearance inside.

ACTsA is currently showing a photo exhibition ‘Real mining, Real People’ by award winning photographer Hein du Plessis. The series of striking images of ex south African gold miners with silicosis, will be appearing at various events including trade union conferences in the coming months. The TUC hosted it in April and may. If your organisation would like to host ‘Real mining, Real People’, or you know of a venue that would, please email us at [email protected]

ANC CENTENARY: CELEBRATING BLACk HISTORY MONTH

ACTsA has teamed up with the National Union of Teachers to develop a new schools pack for black History month. Aimed at students aged 11-14, they will learn about some of the leading figures in the struggle against apartheid including Albert Luthuli, Albertina sisulu, Hector Pieterson, Nelson mandela and steve biko. It will include a range of cross curricular activities which will introduce students to the history of south Africa and life under apartheid. Initially aimed for use during black History month 2012, also O R Tambo month, in the centenary year of the ANC, the pack will be appropriate for use by schools long into the future. The pack will be available on the ACTsA and NUT websites by september.


ACTSA could not exist without the support of our members and supporters. Whether it’s by joining, donating or taking part in a campaign action your involvement ensures that our work makes the greatest possible difference to those we are trying to help in southern Africa

SUppORTING ACTSA

A RUNAWAY SUCCESS

On 22 April ben monks, brian Dornan, Ian Kleinsimon, Lungi morrison and Paul Hussey joined a field of nearly 36,000 runners for the world famous London marathon. Taking to the streets of London in the company of rhinos, fire fighters and superheroes, they all successfully ran the 26.2 mile course to raise funds for ACTsA.

so far the team has raised an incredible £4,400, and the sponsorship is still coming in. A huge thank you goes to the team for their valiant efforts.

If you’re inspired by the team’s feat this year, why not join ACTsA’s London marathon team for 2013? The ballot for public places has closed now, but ACTsA has a number of guaranteed places available. Contact us on [email protected] to find out more and apply.


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A CLOSE SHAVE FOR DIGNITY

How far would you go to raise funds for a good cause? Taking part in a physical challenge like a marathon is one thing, but would you shave your head? In the middle of winter? That’s exactly what ACTsA supporter Favourite Ndlovu did in march, in support of our ACTsA’s Dignity! Period campaign, which provides sanitary protection for women in Zimbabwe.

Just after the big cut Favourite said “It’s all done, my head is freezing but it’s all worth it!”

Favourite raised an incredible £589.74 for Dignity! Period, which will make a huge difference to the campaign. Just £12 provides a year’s sanitary protection for one woman, so Favourite’s ‘hair sacrifice’ will make a difference in the lives of so many.

the less money we spend of travel costs, the more we have available to spend on our vital campaigning work. What’s more, if you know of any events in your area where ACTsA might be able to have a stall and would be happy to organise one for us, let us know! We can provide all the materials you need to make it a success.

If you think you might be able to help, please contact us on [email protected]. We’ll let you know if there are events coming up in your area.

shaving your head isn’t the only way to fundraise for Dignity, so if you’ve got a fundraising idea and you want to support women in Zimbabwe, please get in touch. We’ll be happy to provide you with all the support you need to make sure that whatever you do, your fundraising is a success. Call 020 3263 2001 or email [email protected].

CAN YOU SpARE SOME TIME

From time to time ACTsA is invited to have a stall at events such as volunteer fairs or trade union conferences. We try our best to make it to every event we can, but with a small team based in London sometimes we can’t make it to all the events we want to.

We’re looking for supporters who might be able to give up a day or an afternoon of their time every now and then to help out at an ACTsA stall. We particularly need volunteers outside of London, as

FAVOURITE’S ‘HAIR SACRIFICE’ WILL MAkE A DIFFERENCE IN THE LIVES OF SO MANY

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news from actsa


ANNUAL FUNDRAISING DINNER

ACTsA’s Annual Fundraising Dinner will take place on 30 November 2012, at south Africa House, Trafalgar square, London.

We are delighted that once again the south African High Commission has generously agreed to host ACTsA, for what is sure to be a wonderful evening.

ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING

ACTsA’s Annual General meeting will take place on saturday 3 November 2012, at The Human Rights Action Centre, Amnesty International, british section in London.

The AGm is your chance to help decide ACTsA’s plans and priorities and to stand for, and vote in elections for the ACTsA National Executive Committee.

The closing date for motions and nominations for places on the ACTsA Executive and standing Orders Committee is 18 september 2012. For more information and for AGm papers please visit the ACTsA website. If you would like a set of papers sent to you please email: [email protected] or phone 020 3263 2001.

The AGm will be followed by ACTsA’s Annual Conference, which this year will reflect on the centenary of the ANC, the history of liberation in southern Africa and what global solidarity means to southern Africa today.

RECEIVE YOUR ACTSA NEWS BY EMAIL

This is the first edition of ACTsA News available online. Thank you to those members who have agreed to receive their copy by email. you’re helping us to reduce our impact on the environment and our costs, enabling us to spend as much of our income as possible on our campaign activity. you can still sign up to receive your next copy by email, simply email us at [email protected] or call us on 020 3263 2001. If you prefer to receive your copy on paper or don’t have access to a computer you will continue to receive your ACTsA News in the post.

SAVE THE DATE:

Guests will enjoy live music, delicious food and wine all whilst helping to raise crucial funds for ACTsA’s work on justice, rights and development in southern Africa. There will also be a fabulous array of prizes on offer in our auction. Tickets cost just £50 per person and £500 for a table of 10 people.

more information will be announced on our website shortly.

ACTSA’S FUNDRAISING DINNER,

30 NOVEMBER 2012, SOUTH AFRICA HOUSE, LONDON.

Defending Zimbabweans’ rights

Zimbabweans will go to the polls in the next year. While there has been some economic improvement since the main political parties signed a Global Political Agreement in 2008 and formed a power sharing government in 2009, overall progress has been slow.

For well over a year now, Zanu PF has been desperate for an election, confident that with no reform, a corrupt voters’ roll and the heads of the military and the police behind them, they can create a climate of fear great enough to hang onto power.

Zimbabwe must hold elections no later than mid 2013. ACTsA is not party political. It is Zimbabweans who must be able to freely decide the leadership of

take action their country. The experience of the last 12 years tells us that they may well be denied this right.

What happens in the months ahead will determine whether human rights are upheld, Zimbabweans experience freedom of organisation and expression, and are able to vote for who they choose without fear or favour.

Civil society organisations in Zimbabwe have asked for continuing solidarity in their courageous efforts to uphold human rights, restore democracy and rebuild their country. They say that without the reforms the main parties have signed up to, the country could once again descend into brutal violence.

Please support ACTsA’s campaign on Zimbabwe, and help us to continue to support the courageous people of Zimbabwe. They have suffered enough.

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ACTSA’S FUNDRAISING DINNER,

30 NOVEMBER 2012, SOUTH AFRICA HOUSE, LONDON.

A VIBRANT CIVIL SOCIETY IS A CRUCIAL pART OF ANY DEMOCRATIC SOCIETY’S DEVELOpMENT, IN ALL SpHERES INCLUDING HUMAN RIGHTS, AND IT SHOULD BE STRONGLY SUppORTED EVEN IF SOME OF ITS MESSAGES MAkE UNCOMFORTABLE READING FOR THOSE IN AUTHORITY

Navi Pillay, UN Human Rights Commissioner

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actsa newsletter summer 2012

Documents

zimbabwe elections

people of zimbabwe

rights situation

rights groups

advancement of human

membersfeature article

z of southern africa

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