AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION SERVICE

State of North Carolina

ANNUAL REPORT1 9 ‘ 2

Period covered Wh 19 ‘, 1 to” 11 19 k 3(Month) (Month)

Name of Project=W

Covering work done by flu 'o m

Percentage of time devoted to project: M an

Date submitted: %{)H , 19H; Signed: [[[rProj ect Leader

Date approved: , 19 . Signed:. - State Director of Extension Work

Director of Extension Work- U. S.the approved: , 19 . Signed:23:; y571:”: “A 1‘ :

Department of Agriculture

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April 1936 RESULTS OF HOG FEEDING DEMONSTRATIONS

m

Form 10 (Revis ed)No . of Hogs CoantyWCounty Agent Seria 1 No .a Head From M. -, 1 ‘ To use 1;, 193

7 Ave rage Aver age111i t ial Final M Dimer .We ight "i-Ig ight Period of 333 days

Address M!» E.m 1 ‘ '

’ No . 1111: t 1' a‘I B‘ineE Tot al No. Gain Ave . Tot a]. Total Feed Feed Profit Value ofHogs Evie ight "7e 1 rht gain days per daily - feed cos 1': 1) er _' co st per gains over

per fed pig gain con- 0‘“ feed 1005,"; 3.003: "pig feed c ostPeriod per pig earned cons umed {5ain 2ain Perm

._9 m 4“! 119 I“ 1-41 mm. , MWIDCAL PRICES FMIGIAL STATEhENTFEED CONSUMED AND PRICES CHARGED

CreditFeed Pounds Pri ce ,F1 Sh 1138.1 - gig- ”I 23 up a 1M. . $3.513Cot. S. Meal m _ 3.” Debit30 m.._m__. hymns. 0312.fits 'Muflhfinerals 33 ‘ . 3 my;33LCorn 3“ (mfiu. ).

‘W *—TOTALS WBu.) 3} 2%.? ,1Deducting the actual cost of purchased feeds (except corn) $32235! fromfp “a“

gains at 13. cents per pound, there remains $$£3 as return for the 192.5

Returns above feed cost

“mm’oouabqtte

or $3.92 per buslel.

How much does it cost you to produce J.a b hbushel? At 75 cents, e profit m uld be $336.91The fertilizer, or plant food value of the above feeds, th ich remains on tie farm is 3‘7.”

OFFICE OF 81mm EDCTETISIQJ ,. STAE'E comes STATION, RHEIGH, am.

it

, the value of the

was

319.31 _

”22!

bushels of corn fed,

' April 1936 RESULTS OF HOG FEEDING DEMONSTRATIONS Form 3.0 (Revie ed)3.30, of Hop-s mg. County !. I. {fin-1; County; agent Serial No.

__.13:_____ Head From mas, 1912. To up as, 191.:

Ave rage Aver ageInit iel Final M 0‘5er 7Weight Height ‘ Pevlod of 65 days

Address m3. 6.. m g

No. nitial Final Total No. - Gain Ave Tot a]. Total Feed Feed Profit Value ofHogs Trfeight Weight gain days per dal‘y feed cost , per cost! per gains over,

per fed pig gain con- of feed 1005,;E 1003f Pi: feed W§Period per pig sinned consumed {2:23.111 shin For}: ‘ g! _

“g m muggy 129 1.9! m 311546 “3!! 37-46 6.95 35869 fIDCAL PRICES ‘ FINMJCIAL STATEMENT

FEED CONSUBED AM) PRICES CHARGED .Credit

Feed Pounds Price ( Cost 12m 3;?! In... C 12.35; 318.“Fish Meal s $ ' ~ ,Cot. S. Meal Debit 7 .Soybean Meal . 12m13:: C $33.63 $1935Minerals mmm o a w a: c Q a o a at i 011wCorn Q Li” Bu.) '1r W ' tW ‘ , jay W , use; MS

TOTALS m ( Bu.) $3 11540 i Returns above feed cost $ 5 , ‘3‘”. _

Deducting the actual cost of purchased feeds (except corn) 3}; 1w

gains at 33En cents per pound, there remains 5$ m‘ mor .1.§ ’ per bushel.

1a.”

the m

from #23:

as retur n for

profit m uld be 3 193.39 . .How much does it cost‘you to produce a bushel? At 75 cents, the

The fertilizer, or plant ibod value of the above feeds, V11 1011 remains on the farm is 33‘, mt” .

OWICE OF SWINE EKTH‘IflON ,« STATE CGILEGE STATION, RAIEIGH, 317.0.

, the value of the

bushels of corn fed,

April 1936 ‘ RESULTS OF HOG FEEDING DEEONS'IRATIONS Form 10 (Revised)No. of Hogs gm. COuntyMCounty fiéem ~ Serial ”930. m

1.! Head From m 13 Igfl‘ To Mu a 33ave rage Aver ageInitial Final ‘3 1.. mm‘ DimerWeight ‘~"—Iei;;?_5_ht Period of 3 days

Address ,

No. I111i tie: Rings. Tot a]. No. Gain Ave. Tot a]. Tetal Feed ’ Feed I Froi‘it Value ofHogs We ight "Is ig‘nt ' gain days per daily feed cost per co s1; per gains over

per “ fed pig gain con- of feed 100?;-é lOOg: pig feed costPeriod per pig; surged cons urged 543.111 gain For}: » 41.1....

MAM“m m W442. _ 3i im-on _ ‘LOCAL PRICES FEIHJGIAL STA‘IWET

FEED CONSUMED AND PRICES CHARGEDCredit

Feed Pounds Price Cost .F1 Sh Meal $ ‘2; 15 m, m I“. § 83-733 m’31Cot. S. Meal ) m.' i m DebitSoybean Meal) , , 7_ J . . ,Minerals 15 at:W m. a my.w’ap o G Q %:gCorn @ ( > Bu.) 15 f‘, _= ' 3m , u! o t o a u u cWmo lfip 1.- , . , m 34!!“TOTALS 7“ ( Bu.) 3; gem Returns above feed cost 133 MDeducting the actual cost of purchased feeds (except corn) 3?: M from $3“ , the value of- thegains at ;Q.E cents per pound, there remains $151.37 as returnfor the 22 gm d bushel? of corn fed,or $ 2.3 per bushel. ‘

‘1'?How much does it cost you to produce a bushel? At ’75 cents, the profit no uld be "i 33m

4 OThe fertilizer or ‘ lent food value of the above feeds 11h ich remains on the farm is 3%D 9

OFFICE OF SE‘JINE .us.“"’TEI‘\ISION ,. STATE COILEGE STATION, RAIEIGH, 35.0.

April 1936

1-10. of Hoe-is

:3 Head

m County

tZEI‘ESULTS 0F HOG FEEDING DEMONSTRATIONS - ' Form 10 (Revised) ’

" Countv PIS-9m Serial No.J

From 3'11 23‘ 19;: 1 T5 In. (.1393

OFFICE OF SE‘IR‘E mTflJSIQJ, ST

Ave rage Aver ageInitial Final mIM 0m: ,Ta‘Jeight 13:13:13 Period of fié days

Address ~ '

N7o.’ In1!t1'eI 1LIma]. Total No. Gain Ave. Tot a]. Total Feed Feed ' /?roz’.’it Value OfHogs We ight We ight gain days ’per daily feed cost per .. co st, per ‘ gains ever

per _ fed pig gain 0011- of feed 100:7;é 10%;: pig feed post .,_ 1 Period per pig; ' eumed consumed Rain zain - , Pom: _ ,

3 ’ 13 “m. - m x J I!!! m- g 2,“; m 3&5). g 'ffir i ‘flflxr-$0M PRICES v , . , FINALJCIAL STATELEI‘JT , \-

-FEED COIJSUI‘ED AND PRICES CHARGED ,Credit

Feed Pounds Price Cost ’1—-—-—— —————-——~ ,. .Fish Lkal ‘r 3 $5 19 but, 1‘63 1‘3. U £3.83! 9 . WCot. s.‘ Meal t E M _]_)___'____ebit . .

« '4 , .Soybean Meal .4! m m, m 13.. . ‘3.”5 - all.“Minerals _ ‘ MM”. as a on c n t g» e o Q s; n ”om

, 00mWLLBM , “m4 'm {m 15.51 L W ' . “9*“

TOTAIS _ m ( 1“ Eu.) 3!» 33%;, 1 Returns above feed cost $ $.07

Deducting the actual cost of purchased feeds (except corn) 3 Mbe firm; $125.6? ‘ ,the value of tea

gains at gag cents per pound, there remains $5": mzfl as retm‘n for the fiend bushels of wfwé

01.33 a per bushel, m- fl‘.“ :3: out.

How much does it best you to produce a bushel? At ’75 cents, the profit to uld be If: 78-57 ‘ .

The fertilizer, or plant food value of the above feeds, th 1011 remains on the farm is 5:33 . g

ATE com-GE s;rnmom, RfaIEIGH, ENC.

April 1936

No. of Hogs

fl Head

Coun+u

RESULTS OF HOG FEEDING masmeNs WM}

JWCount}; avast

Form 10 (Revis ed)

Seria 1 No .

From m. I" jg“ To, a. ‘ 39‘3"

give rage Aver age _ ,Init ial Final ~ 3 1 m»N GamerTg‘u‘e 3'. 311’s a 1.3111: Perio d of Q , days

Address - ' ' '

No . Iml' $.13 i 1* ina Tot a}. No .‘ Gain Ave . Tot a}. Tote1 Feed Feed Pro£115 Value ofHogs 2.118 1311*; We ight gain days per deilv feed cost 9 er co st . . _ per @211 as over

"I # ' ‘1: U I ')'per Ied plg galn con- of feed 1003;; 1005;: ' - plg . ieed 0 Get‘ Period oer gig; sumed cons ume gain min . PorkM

g m M i an 9.- .-.mi_._m_.m_m’ ML...—‘ ‘LOG . ICES

FEED CONSUEED AND PRICES CHARGED

Feed Pounds Price CostFish 1‘,___)__________fieal $13: $5601:. S. MealSoybean Mealmi:w 75.96Minerals

TOTALS _ ( Bu. )M

$ m !

mem STATIMNT

Credita m;mf m» . “.09;

Debit''3 use, 9'26! 1h. 0 Mywww,ww 75:00

Wm...19! Si ’ _Returns above feed 0031; 3;

Deductim; the acme1 cost of purchased feeds (excepM—ui 25“ frame4” “:3 ,the value of the

gains at z‘m’ cents per pound, there remains $g,‘7‘ as return for the

or$ £55 permlmmg

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CROP PRODUCTION (other than for family fofl/

‘I —« .—.._ ~/ . .. m*7“ Q:flfl/ //.

‘(,Zupply)

‘ / ML

Other cereais I Potatoes andInclude all work with adults, 4—H Club members, and Corn Wheat Legumes Pastures Cotton Tobacco other vege- Fruits Other cropsolder youth tables(a) (b) (C) (d) (e) (f) (a) (h) (i) (j)51. Days devoted to line of work by—

(1) Homedemonstrationagents- ...... -(2) 4—H Club agents(3) Agricultural agents _ _(4) State extension workers_____________ -- _____ _52. Number of committeeswork was conducted this year______________________________ _-__ - _--- _-53. Number of voluntary local leaders orcommitteemen assisting this year_--- - _____________________________________54. Number oi farmers assisted this year in—(1) Obtaining improved varie-

ties or strains of seed -- _-__(2) The use of lime _(3) The use of fertilizers ----- __ _____(4) Controlling plant diseases _ _(5) Controlling injurious insects- ---------------- -(6) Controlling noxious weeds- _________ __ _____ __ -(7) Controlling rodents andother animals_______________________________________________________________________________ _ _____ _

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION (other than for family food supply)' - Horses and .Poultry .Include all work with adults, 4—H Club members, and older youth Dairy cattle Beef cattle Sheep Swme mules (itncllgdnig Other livestockl111' eys(a) (b) (C) (d) (e) (f) (a)

3(1) Home demonstration agents _____________________________ Z0 -, (2) 4—H Club agents _ _ - -___ _ --.----55. Da 8 devoted to llne of work b *—y 3 (3) Agricultural agents - -_ _ 7-T_-.2~_9_Q_ZI _________________ _

(4) State extension workers -- - _ " A27: I _ _ - -56. Number of communities in which work was conducted this year _ 7" /023 ________________ _ _ __57. Number of voluntary local leaders or committeemen assisting this year_____ _ _ _____ 76322—3 _- ________________________________58. Number of breeding circles or clubs or improvement associations organized (aor assisted this year _____ __ ____ I 7 _____ _ ________________________________59. Number of members in such circles, clubs, or associations M 700 ________________________________60. Number of farmers not in breeding circles or improvement associations I7 .-assisted this year in keeping performance records of animals ------- 2 7?____________61. Number of farmers assisted this year in— 3.7;(1) Obtaining purebred males __ _____ _ 5’5"” _ ________

(2) Obtaining purebred or high-grade females 77 I 772.(3) Obtaining better strains of baby chicks (including hatching eggs)- x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x xx x x x x x x x ---------------- x x x x x(4) Improving methods of feeding - 7' 7 a 51 '(5) Controlling external parasites Yfiéfllfl-u(6) Controlling diseases and internal parasites 7" 2401(7) Controlling predatory animals __ 2- 41

1 Do not include rabbits, game, and fur animals, which should be reported under wildlife conservation. ‘ 16—280741-1

EXTENSION ORGANIZATION AND PLANNING

33. County extension association or committee (includes agricultural councils, home demonstration councils, and 4-H councils or similar advisory committees; also farm andhome bureaus and extension associations in those States where such associations are the official or quasi-official agency in the county cooperating with the college inthe management, or conduct of extension work): ‘

(a) Over—all or general...... (1) Name ___________ (2) No. of members ___- _____(b) Agricultural_______________ (1) Name _ ___ _ (2) No. of members -_(6) Home demonstratidn--- (1) Name ............................................ (2) No. of members_________________________________________(d) 4—H Club__________________ (1) Name ‘ _ ' _- (2) No. of members_________________________________________(6) Older youth_______________ (1) Name ______________________________ (2) No. of members_________________________________________

‘34. Number of members of county extension program planning committees and subcommittees (include commodity and special—interest committees):(a) Agricultural ............................ (b) Home demonstration ____________________________ (c) 4—H Club ____________________________ (d) Older youth ____________________________

35. Total number of communities in county _______________________________________________________________36. Number of communities in which the extension program has been planned cooperatively by extension agents and local committees_____________________________________________-37. Number of clubs or other groups organized to carry on adult home demonstration work_______________________________________-_______________________________________________________________38. Number of members in such clubs or groups ____________________________________________ _ ___________________________________,39. Number of 4—H Clubs. (Same as question 173, page 14) _____________________________________________________________ ____ _______________________40. Number of groups (other than 4—H Club) organized for conduct of extension work with older rural youth. (Same as question 185, page 14)_____- ____; _________________________'41. Number of different voluntary local leaders or committeemen actively engaged in forwarding the extension program:

(a) Adult work__________{ (1) Men """"""""""" (b) 4—H Club and older youth work__________ (1) Men """"""""""" (3) Older 0111b boys """"""""""""' (2) Women __________________ (2) Women _________________ (4) Older club girls _____________________ 0‘

COOPERATIVE AGRICULTURAL PLANNING

42. Name of the county agricultural planning (land use planning or over-all planning) group, if any, sponsored by the Extension Service _______43. Number of members of such county agricultural planning group:

(a) Unpaid lay members: (1) Men (2) Women __________________________________ (3) Youth _______________________________________(b) Paid representatives of public agencies or other agencies, or of organizations: (1) Men ______________________________________ (2) Women _____________________________________

~44. Number of communities with agricultural planning committee (land use planning or over-all planning) _______________________45. Number of members of such community planning committees: ((1) Men ______________________ (b) Women ______________________ (0) Youth _______________________________________46. Was a county committee report prepared and released during the year? (a) Yes _______________________________________________________ (b) No ___________

Extensioglgaglaigigzation and Counfiynggi‘éggtgsllplan- Tit? 1a C

(1) Home demonstration agents___________________________________________________________________________(2) 4—H Club agents______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________(3) Agricultural agents_________________________________________________________ ' _ _____ --(4) State extension workers_________________________________________________________________________ _ __

[(1) County____________________________________________________________ 1(2) Community---____- -_________________-__--__-____ ----_

49 Number of unpaid voluntary leaders or committeemen assisting this year_____________________________________________________________.50. Days of assistancerendered by voluntary leaders or committeemen__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

47. Days devoted to line of work by—

48. Number of planning meetings held

1 Where extension program planning and county agricultural planning (land use or over-all planning) have been cempletely merged into a single program-planning activity, only column (c) should be filled out. Where'extension program planning is the only planning actiwty, the entries in columns (a) and (c) Will be identical. In all other cases column (6) is the sum of columns (a) and (b). 16—28074-1 ,

MARKETING AND DISTRIBUTION

Include all work with adults 4—H Club members and older Grain and Livestock Dairy Poultry and Fruits and Forest sigmgi’ée H0319 Pmd' (filiggaségfiYduth ’ General hay and wool 1 products eggs 1 vegetables Cotton products c3.331;3311312; ucgafgnd 113%]; :31;(a) (b) (C) (d) (e) (f) (a) (h) (i) (j) eqmgglent

83. Days devoted to line of work by— 3'(1) Home demonstration agents---_ _ 2512f ______________ ____ __ ____(2) 4—H Club agents____________________________________ _-__ - __ __-_(3) Agricultural agents gt-Zé-Zé ______________ __ _____ -___ -(4) State extension workers________________________ - 50 764i _______ __ - -- -_-- ----

84. Number of communities in which work 53was conducted this year................................... - 37/} -_ ______________ __ -- - _____

85. Number of voluntary local leaders or ‘4committeemen assisting this year _______ /657 _ __ _

86. Number of new cooperatives 2 assisted in ,2,organizing during the year -- - 21.1-- ----------_--- ----------_--- ----_--------- ---_--_-_----- -_ ______________________________________________________

87. Number of established cooperatives 2 as- 31sisted during the year............................................................14______________________________ -_-- _ _______________________________________________

88. Number of members 2 in the cooperatives 35'assisted during the year (questions 86 coand 87) ..... "mixes; _ -- -

89. Value of products sold or purchased by 3;cooperatives assisted during the year(questions 86 and 87) 2 - $ $ $40.62!!! $ $ $ $ $___________ $ $ _- $

90. Number of farmers or families (not mem-bers of cooperatives) assisted during 7’the year ““4573 - ........................................................

91. Value of products sold or purchased byfarmers or families involved in the pre— 7 °ceding question................................ $ ........... $........... $323,435 $........... $........... $___________ $___________ $___________ $ $ __ $

92.93.94.95.96.97.98.99.

100.101.

Number of private marketing and distributing agencies and trade groups assisted this yearNumber of programs 3 pertaining to marketing agreements, orders, surplus removal or Lend-Lease purchases assisted in or conducted this year.-Number of marketing facilities improvement programs 3 participated in or conducted this yearNumber of marketing surveys assisted with or conducted this yearNumber of special merchandising programs 3 participated in or conducted this year-Number of consumer information programs 3 pertaining to marketing and distribution participated in or conducted this yearNumber of programs 3 relating to marketing services and costs of distribution conducted this yearNumber of programs 3 relating to transportation problems conducted this yearNumber of prongS 3 relating to the specific use of market information conducted this yearNumber of other marketing programs 3 conducted this year (specify)

1 Include livestock, poultry, and hatching eggs purchased for breeding, replacement, or feeding purposes.3 Where a cooperative association serves more than one county, include only the membership and proportionate volume of business originating in the county covered by this report.a Organized pieces of work. 16—28074—1

HOUSING, FARMSTEAD IMPROVEMENT, AND EQUIPMENT

102

103.. Number of voluntary local leaders or committeemen assisting this104

Include all work with adults, 4-H Club members, and older youth

. Days devoted to line of work by—(1) Home demonstration agents(2) 4—H Club agents(3) Agricultural agents_____________________________(4)

year______________________________________________________________________________________

State extension workersNumber of communities in which work was conducted this year

The house, furnishings, andsurroundingsaRural electrification

0’)Farm buildings

(e)Farm mechanicalequipment((0

105The House, Furnishings, and Surroundings—Continued

. Number of families assisted this year in—(a)(b)(o)(d)(e)(f)(a)(h)

(i)

(j)

(k)(l)

Constructing dwellings________________Remodeling dwellings__________________Installing sewage systems -Installing water systems -_Installing heating systems____________________Providing needed storage space---Rearranging or improving kitchensImproving arrangement of rooms (otherthan kitchens)

Improving methods of repairing, remodel-ing, or refinishing furniture or furnish-inns0

Selecting housefurnishings or equipment(other than electric)

Improving housekeeping methods----------Laundry arrangement --

(m) Installing sanitary closets or outhouses---(n)

(0)

Screening or using other recommendedmethods of controlling flies or otherinsects ---

Improving home grounds(p) Planting windbreaks or shelterbelts-------

Rural Electrification—Continued106. Number of associations organized or assisted this

year to obtain electricity107. Number of families assisted this year in—

(a) Obtaining electricity(b) Selection or use of electric lights or home

electrical equipment(0) Using electricity for income-producing

purposesFarm Buildings—Continued

108. Number of farmers assisted this year in—(a) The construction of farm buildings--------(b) Remodeling or repairing farm buildings--(c) Selection or construction of farm-building

equipment 'Farm Mechanical Equipment—Continued

109. Number of farmers assisted this year in—(a) The selection of mechanical equipment---(b) Making more efficient use of mechanical

equipment110. Number of farmers following instructions in the

maintenance and repair of mechanical equipmentthis year

111. Number of gin stands assisted this year in the betterginning of cotton

16—28074—1

, ‘ SUMMARY OF 4-H CLUB BOYS’ AND GIRLS’ PROJECTS-(One club member may engage in two or more projects. The sum of the projects is therefore greater than the number of different club members enrolled)

Project Number of boys Number of girls Number of_boys Number of girls Number of units involved inenrolled enrolled completing completing completed prOJects(a) (b) (c) (d) - (e)138. Corn - . ______________________________________ Acres139. Other cereals __________ 1 ..... Acres140. Peanuts _______________________________ _ _____________________________________________ Acres141. Soybeans, field peas, alfalfa, and other legumes_________________ _-_ _____ _ Acres142. Soil conservation and pasture improvement_____. __________________________________________________________ _ ________ __ ___ Acres143. Potatoes, Irish and sweet __ __ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Acres144. Cotton._________________________________________ __ ______________________________________________________________ _ _____ Acres145. Tobacco________________________________ _ ---_ ____________________________________________________________ Acres146. Fruits ________________________________________________________________________________________________________ __ ______________________________________ Acres147. Home gardens________________________ __ _-__ _______ ___- _____ - _____________________________ Acres148. Market gardens, truck and canning crops _ __ -___ ________ _ __________________________ Acres149. Other crops___________________________________________________________________________________________ __ ..... -_ _-_ _--_ Acres150. Poultry (including turkeys) _____________________________________________________________ __ _ ...................................... Birds151. Dairy cattle______________________________________ _- _ ____ _ -_-_ ___________ '. ___________________________ Animals152. Beef cattle____-___-__________-____________; _____________________________________________________________ -_ ___- ‘ -_ ___- Animals153. Sheep____________________________________________________ -_ _ _________________________________________________________________ Animals154. Swine_________________________________________________ _ 77 75314" 3" .574 77 3 305" ’7 76.7________i?___________1.0.23.2.--" Animals155. Horses and mules___________________________________________________ __ - __ Animals156. Other livestock ____________________________________________ __ ______ __ _______________ - _- Animals157. Bees______7------______-____________-_____________--__. _______ __-_ _______ _ ___________ Colonies158. Beautification of home grounds_________________________________ _ __ _____________________________________________________ x x x x x x x x x x x x x159. Forestry___________________________________________________________________________________ ___- Acres160. Wildlife and nature study (rabbits, game, furanimals)-- ___- ___- _-__ _ x x x x x x x x x x X x x161. Agricultural engineering, farm shop, electricity____________________________________________________________ _-__ _ ........ { """""""""""""""""" Articles made____________________ Articles repaired

‘ 162. Farmmanagement_________________________________________________________________________________________________________ __ _____ TX x x x x x x x x x x X. . ______________________ Meals planned163. Food selection and preparatlon______________________________________________________________________________________ 1 ________________________ Meals served

164. Food preservation__________________________________________________________________________ _____ __ _ .................................... Quarts canned165. Health, home nursing, and first aid.__._______‘~_____________________________ _ _____________________________ x x x x x x x x x x x x x

, ____________________ Garments made166' Clothmg"""""""’"""""""""""‘__________________________________________________ __ """"""""""""" { ______________ Garments remodeled167. Home management_________________________________________________________________________________________ ___- _____________ Units

, _ ., ________________________________ Rooms168. Home furnishings and room 1mprovement_____________________________ ___ ________________________________________________ { _______________________________ Articles169. Home industry, arts and crafts_____________________________________________________________________ _ ................. _. Articles170. Junior leadership __ _______ _ ________________________ x x x x x x x x x x x x x171. Allothers _ -_- x x x x x x x X x x172. Totals (see footnotesZand 3, p. 14) __{ _____ __ ...... x - x x x x x x x x x x x

16—28074—1

, _.., ._,._..

4—H CLUB MEMBERSHIP 1 WORK WITH OLDER RURAL YOUTH

185. Number of groups (other than 4—H Club) organized for conduct of extension173. Number of 4—H Clubs. (Same as question 39) _____________________________________174:. Number of difl’erent 4—H Club work with older rural youth (same as question 40) __

members enrolled___________________ (a) Boys 2.............. (b) Girls 2.............. 186. Membership in such groups___-~._________ (a) Young men..........................175. Number ‘of difl’erent 4—H Club (b) Young women-___ __________________

members completing_______________ (a) Boys 3.............. (b) Girls 3.............. Number of176. Number of difierent 4—H Club 187- members out °f Sm" Under 21 25 years and. _ by school In school years 21-24 years oldermembers in school_________________ (a) Boys________________ (b) Girls................ 2331582: ( ) Unraarried Ma(n)~ied (d) ( ) (.a C e177. Number of different 4—H Club (1) Youn D

members out of school____________ ((1) Boys________________ (b) Girls________________ meng178. Number of difl’erent 4—H Club (2) Youn ____ _ ____ __ ________ _- " '

members from farm homes______ (a) Boys................ (b) Girls................ wonfen179. Number of different 4—H Club ‘ "—— " _________________________________

members from nonfarm homes__ (a) Boys________________ (b) Girls________________ 188. Number of meetings of older rural youth extension groups--- ------------------‘ t' .Number of Difi‘erent 4—H Club Members Enrolled: 189' 'lotal attendance at such mee mg:190. Number of other older rural youth groups assisted

180- By years Bays Gigs 181' By ages B833 (3(ng 191. Membership in such groups----------------- (Z) Eoung men""""""""""""10 and under--------------------------------- . ( ) oung W0men-‘ -----------------1 t 11 192. Number of older rural youth not in ex- (a) Young men_______________________2: year____ _ _ 12 "'— ' ‘ tension or other youth groups assisted- (b) Young women__ __________________3d____ ‘—"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 13_________________________________________ 193. Total number of different young people

"" """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" contacted through the extension pro-4th--_______.._______________________________________ 14_______________________________________________ (a) Young men_______________________ A:gram for older rural youth. (Ques-5th____ _____________________________________________ 15_______________________________________________ , , _ (b) Young women-_ -----_------__-_--6th 16 tions 186, 191, and 192, minus duplica-7th______________________________________________ 17_________________________________________ tions)

, . . Ch I: 1 h i ' t .8th " "—- ' """" 18'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 194- pbgtion’o (limcgldgr-gbvultllgi 3&gggmge? Under 10 10—19 percent 20—39 percent 40 percent or9th ' 19 voted to— percent more a1 h d ' ____________ 20—————(‘1________________________________________ (a) (b) (C) ((1)0t an over""""""""""""""""" an over""""""""""""""""" (1) Citizenship, democracy, and

182. Number of diiferent 4-H Club members, including those in corresponding public problems ‘ “"projects. who received definite training in—

‘- (a) Judging___________________ (f) Fire and accident pre- (2) Vocational guidance"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""(b) Giving dem- ventlononstrations ............ (9) Wildlife conservation--- ------------ (3) Family life and social customs_-_ ________________________________________________________

(c) Refifgg‘gfig (h) Kbgifilgé personal 9.0- (4) Social and recreational activi-(d) Music appre- (2') Use of economic infor— tips ~- " ----------- -- -----ciation----------------- mati’on(6) Health-------------------- (5) Community service activities_____ ____ _ -_ -_-- _ ___________________183. Number of 4—H Club members having health examination because

of participation in the extension program (6) Technical agriculture ---- --184. Number of 4—H Clubs engaging in community activities such as (7) Technical home economics, in-improving school grounds and conducting local fairs eluding nutrition and health_- ---____-_____- --_--_-__----_ ____-____-_--_______________

1 All data in this section are based on the number of different boys and girls participating in 4—H Club work, not on the number of 4—H projects carried.1 Regen the total number of difierent boys or girls enrolled in club work. This total should equal the sum of the project enrollments reported on page 13, minus duplications due to the same boy or girl carrying on twoor more su ject-matter lines of work. Do not include boys and glrls enrolled late in the year in connection with the succeeding year’s program.3 Same as footnote 2. except that reference is to completions instead of enrollments. 16—28074-1

,-' WW' ”£42”? .2

CROP PRODUCTION (

a» 6%”4/2I

er than for fang}; food supply)Potatoes andInclude all work with adults, 4—H Club members, and Corn Wheat Other cereals Legumes Pastures Cotton Tobacco other vege- Fruits Other cropsolder youth tables(a) (b) (6) (d) (e) (f) _ (a) (h) (i) (j)

51. Days devoted to line of work by—(1) Homedemonstrationagents- -(2) 4—H Club agents(3) Agricultural agents __ _____ _ ‘(4) State extension workers______________ _

52. Number of committees in whichwork was conducted this year______________ - _________________________53. Number of voluntary local leaders orcommitteemen assisting this year---- _- - ________54. Number of lumers‘assistod this year in——

(1) Obtaining improved varie-ties or strains of seed ___________________ __

(2) The use of lime - _(3) The use of fertilizers _____(4) Controlling plant diseases--- __ -(5) Controlling injurious insects- ----- _ _(6) Controlling noxious weeds- ------------------------------------------------ _(7) Controlling rodents andother animals_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _- _- --_-

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION (other than for family food supply) a:' - Horses and .Poultry .Include all work with adults, 4-H Club members, and older youth Dan-y cattle Beef cattle Sheep Swme m es (ltncléldllig Other livestock1111' e S(a) (b) (c) (d) (e) my (a)

(l) Home demonstration agents____________________________________________________________{---_-Ze2.a__ _____ _(2) 4—H Club agents _____ _ _ _ ' _ -_- ---55. Da s devoted to line of work b —y y (3) Agricultural agents - ________________________________________ (Zak/.154 ________________________________________________(4) State extension workers _____ ___-"’ /3.2 I ______ _ _

56. Number of communities in which work was conducted this year_________________________________________________________________ QAZQIHH ______57. Number of voluntary local leaders or committeemen assisting this year_____ -__- _ uni-032m- _- _58. Number of breeding circles or clubs or improvement associations organized /yor assisted this year ‘ _ _____ .3] - _____________________________________59. Number of members in such circles, clubs, or associations _ ---------------------- {6-2-6}! __ _____60. Number of farmers not in breeding circles or improvement associations 2 1assisted this year in keeping performance records of animals________________________________________________________________________$22.0"- _- _-_-61. Number of farmers assisted this year in— 3‘(1) Obtaining purebred males ________ __-_/_Q_ZZ___

(2) Obtaining purebred or high-grade'females _ 25441" _-(3) Obtaining better strains of baby chicks (including hatching eggs)- x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x ---------------- x x x x x(4) Improving methods of feeding L 7079 V(5) Controlling external parasites _____ 71' 50 5’3(6) Controlling diseases and internal parasites go ?E§’[(7) Controlling predatory animals _ -_ I!

1 Do not include rabbits, game. and fur animals, which should be reported under wildlife conservation. 16—28074-1

EXTENSION ORGANIZATION AND PLANNING

33. County extension association or committee (includes agricultural councils, home demonstration councils, and 4—H councils or similar advisory committees; also farm and

34.

35.36.37.38.39.40.41 .

home bureaus and extension associations in those States where such associations are the ofi‘icial or quasi—official agency in the county cooperating with the college inthe management or conduct of extension. work):

(a) Over-all or general...... (1) Name ___________ (2) No. of members(b) ‘ Agricultural_______________ (1) Name __ (2) No. of members-___-___-_-(c) Home demonstration--- (1) Name --- ____________________________ (2) No. of members___________(d) 4—H Club__________________ (1) Name ____________________________________________ (2) No. of members___________((3) Older youth.______________ (1) Name _______ - ...... (2) No. of members___________

Number of members of county extension program planning committees and subcommittees (include commodity and special-interest committees) :(a) Agricultural ____________________________ (b) Home demonstration ____________________________ (c) 4—H Club ____________________________

Total number of communities in county(d) Older youth ____________________________

Number of communities in which the extension program has been planned cooperatively by extension agents and local committees_______________Number of clubs or other groups organized to carry on adult home demonstration work ‘Number of members in such clubs or groupsNumber of 4—H Clubs. (Same as question 173, page 14)Number of groups (other than 4—H Club) organized for conduct of extension work with older rural youth. (Same as question 185, page 14) ______Number of different voluntary local leaders or committeemen actively engaged in forwarding the extension program:

((1) Adult work..........{ (1) Men """""""""""" (b) 4—H Club and older youth work-..________{(2) Women __________________ p (2) Women _________________(1) Men _____________________ (3) Older club boys _____________________

(4) Older club girls _____________________ c"COOPERATIVE AGRICULTURAL PLANNING

42.43.

Name of the county agricultural planning (land use planning or over-all planning) group, if any, sponsored by the Extension ServiceNumber of members of such county agricultural planning group:

(a) Unpaid lay members: (1) Men __ (2) Women __________________________________ (3) Youth _______________________________________(b) Paid representatives of public agencies or other agencies, or of organizations: (1) Men ______________________________________ (2) Women _____________________________________

‘44. Number of communities with agricultural planning committee (land use planning or over-all planning) _____________________________45. Number of members of such community planning committees: (a) Men ______________________ (b) Women ______________________ (0) Youth _____________46‘. Was a county committee report prepared and released during the year? (a) Yes ___-_____-__________-__________-_______3_______________ (b) No -___

, Extensioglggglaiixiligzation and (3011113711ggi'églfituuggl lDlan- Tit? 1a C

'47.

48.‘49.,50,

(1) Home demonstration agents______________________________(2) 4—H Club agents_____________--___________________________; _________(3) Agricultural agents__________________________________________________(4) State extension workers___________________________________________

Days devoted to line iof work by—

' 1 Cou t ’ _Number of planning meetings held __{ ( ) n 3(2) Community -Number of unpaid voluntary leaders or committeemen assisting this year______________________Days of assistance rendered by voluntary leaders or. committeemen_______________________________________

1 Where extension program planning and county agricultural planning (land use or over-all planning) have been completely merged into a single program-planning activity, OIIJJJy column (c) should be filled out. Where*extension program planning is the only planning activity, the entries in columns (a) and (c) will be identical. In all other cases column (c) is the sum of columns (a) and . 16—28074-1

w... r»

MARKETING AND DISTRIBUTION. _ . . . . , Tobacco, - Purchasing

Include all work With adulgsé1:11;}? Club members, and older General Graig;and ggfigocfikl pggfi‘gts Poitlgtgland 1321;313:3812? Cotton pflodgiis Efigég-Z 13221::Egg (figfiéfllfié‘? ‘

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (a) ‘ (h) (i) (1') equlgclim83. Days devoted to line of work by— 5’

(1) Home demonstration agents--- _ __ 07475“ ______________ -(2) 4—H Club agents _____ -_ ____ _ _____ _ __ _(3) Agricultural agents____________________________________________ ii /0 ‘1’7/ _ _ ..... _(4) State extension workers ___- “30 74.2 ______ _ -_ _ -- __ _____ __

84. Number of communities in which work 70 "T ’was conducted this year.......................... Id I 7 ____________________________________________________________________

85. Number of voluntary local leaders or 7/committeemen assisting this year_______________ __ /575,7 ____________ _ __

86. Number of new cooperatives 2 assisted in 3organizing during the year _ ______________ 2.,“ -__- - _- -______ --_ _____________________________________________________

87. Number of established cooperatives 2‘as— ;7 ’sisted during the year _ __-----___-____________<9.1’2:_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

88. Number of members 2 in the cooperativesassisted during the year (questions 86 3’and 87) ' _ ............................ _ 2795' _____ _ _____ _- __________________________________________

89. Value of products sold or p11rchased by 3 3cooperatives assisted during the year

.‘ (questions 86 and 87) 2 $ $ $422271“ $ ‘5 $ $ $ $ $ $90. Number of farmers or families (not mem-

bers of cooperatives) assisted during 77the year 7/61- ______ _

91. Value of products sold or purchased by 77farmers or families involved'in the pre-ceding question________________________________ $ ............. $........... $.51!.53.9. $........... $........... $........... $_; _________ $ ........... $___________ $........... $___________

92. Number of private marketing and distributing agencies and trade groups assisted this year93. Number of programs 3 pertaining to marketing agreements, orders, surplus removal or Lend-Lease purchases assisted in or conducted this year~94. Number of marketing facilities improvement programs 3 participated in or conducted this year95. Number of marketing surveys assisted with or conducted this year96. Number of special merchandising programs 3 participated in or conducted this year97. Number of consumer information programs-3 pertaining to marketing and distribution participated1n or conducted this year_______98. Number of programs 3 relating to marketing services and costs of distribution conducted this year99. Number of programs 3 relating to transportation problems conducted this year100. Number of programs 3 relating to the specific use of market information conducted this year101. Number of other marketing programs 3 conducted this year (specify)

1 Include livestock, poultry, and hatching eggs purchased for breeding, replacement, or feeding purposes.3 Where a cooperative association serves more than one county, include only the membership and proportionate volume of business originating in the county covered by this report.3 Agrganir 1 pieces of work. 16—-28074;1

HOUSING, FARMSTEAD IMPROVEMENT, AND EQUIPMENTInclude all work with adults, 4—H Club members, and older youth The house, furnishings, and Rural electrification Farm buildings Farm mechanical 'smropagdings (b) (c) e equigiment

102. Days devoted to line of work by——- -(1) Home demonstration agents(2) 4—H Club agents -- ______________________________________(3) Agricultural agents _______________________________ __-_ _(4) State extension workers - ____________________________________________

103. Number of communities in which work was conducted this year____________________________________________________________________________ ___104. Number of voluntary local leaders or committeemen assisting this

year ...........................................................................................................................................................The House, Furnishings, and Surroundings—Continued Rural ElectrificationtContinued

. _ , _ , 106. Number of associations organized or assisted this105. Number of families ass1sted th1s year ln— _ . . _year to obtaln electriclty .....(a) Constructing dwellings"""" ‘ 107. Number of families assisted this year in—(5) Remodeling dwellings-------------------------------------------------------- (a) Obtaining electricity(0) Installing sewage systems _ ________________ (b) Selection or use of electric lights or home(d) Installing water systems ___________ ,___ electrical equipment -------- H(e) Installing heating systems _________________ (c) Using electricity for income-producing O(f) Providing needed storage space --- purposes . . . -------------------------------(g) Rearranging or improving kitchens _ Farm Buildings—Continued(h) Improving arrangement of rooms (other 108. Number of farmers assisted this year in—

than kitchens) (a) The construction of farm buildings_____________________________________(1.) Improving methods of repairing, remodel_ (b) Remodeling or repairing farm buildings.. ..............................

ing, or refinishing furniture or furnish- (0) Selection or construction of farm-buildinginns equipment

(j) Selecting housefurnishings or equipment Farm Mechanical Equipment—Continued(other than electric) ---------------------------------------------- 109. Number of farmers assisted this year in—

(k) Improving housekeeping methods -- - (a) The selection of mechanical equipment.-- ______________________________(1) Laundry arrangement------------------------------------------------------- (b) Making more efficient use of mechanical(m) Installing sanitary closets or outhouses.-_ ______________________________ equipment ,(7%) Screening 01‘ using other recommended 110. Number of farmers following instructions in the

methods of controlling flies 01‘ other maintenance and repair of mechanical equipmentinsects this year

(0) Improving home grounds 111. Number of gin stands assisted this year in the better(p) Planting windbreaks 0r shelterbelts_____________________________________ ginning of cotton

16—28074—1

3- s-" 7" - __z—» “.2

‘ SUMMARY OF 4—H CLUB BOYS’ AND GIRLS’ PROJECTS- (One club member may engage in two or more projects. The sum of the projects is therefore greater than the number of difl'erent club members enrolled)

Project Number of boys Number of girls Number of'boys Number of girls Number of units involved inenrolled enrolled completing completing completed prolects(a) (b) (C) (d) (e)138. Corn _ Acres139. Other’cereals __ ______ ___ Acres140. Peanuts _____ _ ______________ -___ _____ ___- Acres141. Soybeans, field peas, alfalfa, and other legumes_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ‘ - Acres142. Soil conservation and pasture improvement_________________________________________________________ _ _____ Acres143. Potatoes, Irish and sweet __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Acres144. Cotton _____ ___ _- _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Acres145. Tobacco____________________________________________________ _ __ __________ _ __ ___--- __________________________________ Acres146. Fruits ~ ___- _ _____________________________________________________________________ _ _ _______ - ~ Acres147. Home gardens_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ __ -- ______ Acres148. Market gardens, truck and canning crops______________________________________________________________________________ __ ___- Acres149. Other crops _______________________________________________________________ ___- _ _____________________________ Acres150. Poultry (including turkeys) _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ -_ ______ Birds151. Dairy cattle____________________________________________ _ _ _____ __ _ -_-_ -_________;_______________________ Animals152. Beef cattle__________________________________________________________________________________________________ _ __ _________________ __ _ Animals153. Sheep______________________________________________________________________________:___ _ __ _ _ Animals154. Swine_-_____________--------_-____-____________________-_____________-_ if_______«9i230 "sf“ (2%] “77. ______fiéén If:________é-JZ_____:7:___________[2-2123_______ Animals155. Horses and mules____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _ _ -___ Animals 5156. Other livestock _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ - ___________ Animals157. Bees-_________________--________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ _ Colonies158. Beautification of home grounds_________________________________________________________________________________________________ _ _-- X x X X X X X ,x X X X X X

. 159. Forestry____________________________________________________________________________ __ ____________________ _ ________ Acres160. Wildlife and nature study (rabbits, game, fur animals)-_ ________________________________ _ ___ _ X X X X X X X X x X X X X161. Agricultural engineering, farm shop, electricity____________________________________________________________________ _ { ____________________ Articles made____________________ Articles repaired162. Farm management ___ __________--_-__________-__________ ________________________ _______________________- -_-__-_____________:;_-_ 1X X X X X X X x x X X x x

. . ______________________ Meals planned163. Food selection and preparation-___________.______________________________________________________________________________ { ________________________ Meals served164. Food preservation_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Quarts canned165. Health, home nursing, and first aid____________________________________________________ ___- - _____ X X x x X x x X x X X X X

_ ____________________ Garments made166' Clothing---"__________--___._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ { ______________ Garments remodeled167. Home management___________-_--____-_____-________________-_____ ____-_________--______-_ ____________-___-_______ _______ _ ___________ Units168. Home furnishings and room improvement____________________________________________________ -_ ________________________________ { """"""""""""""""""""""" Rooms' _______________________________ Articles169. Home industry, arts and crafts_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _- Articles170. Junior leadership ___ _______ _ ___________________________ X X x X X X X X X X x X X171. Allothers_____________________________________________________________________________________ _-- _______ X X X X X X X X X X X172. Totals (see footnotes2and 3, p. 14) __________________________ ,_ _ ..... -_ X X X X X x X x X X X X X

16—28074-1

4—H CLUB MEMBERSHIP 1

173. Number of 4—H Clubs. (Same as question 39) ______________________174. Number of different 4—H Club

members enrolled___________________ ((1) Boys 3______________ (1)) Girls 2175. Number of diflerent 4—H Club

members completing____________-_--(a) Boys 3______________ (b) Girls 3______________176. Number of different 4—H Club ‘

members in school_________________ (a) Boys________________ (b) Girls--177. Number of difl’erent 4—H Club

members out of school____________ (a) Boys________________ (b) Girls--178. Number of different 4—H Club ‘

I members from farm homes______ ((1) Boys________________ (b) Girls--179. Number of different 4—H Club

members from nonfarm homes__ (a) Boys________________ (b) Girls__Number of Difl'erent 4—H Club Members Enrolled:

180_ By years Bays (3283 181. By ages 1363's (2)131810 and under_________________________________

1st year ___- --_- 11 --_- ______________2d_________________________________________________ 12 _ ___- _3d ' --_- ___- 13_______________________________________________4th-__ - ______ 14_______________________________________________5th________________________________________________ 15-_--_-_--______-'_______________________________6th ___- _ _______________ 16_______________________________________________7th? ___ ___ - ______________ 17_______________________________________________8th _____ _ ______________ 18_______________________________________________9th _ --_-- _ ______________ 19_______________________________________________10th and over__________________________________ 20 and over--_-_- _-__---__-__-_______________182. Numberhof different 4—H Club members, including those in corresponding

projects, Who received definite training in—(f) Fire and accident pne—vention((1) Judging_______

(b) Giving dem-onstrations ____________ (g) Wildlife conservation-__ ____________(6) Recreational (h) Keeping personal ac-leadership_ ____________ counts(d) Music appre- (1) Use of economic infor-ciation_________________ mation(6) Health_---________________

183. Number'bf 4—H Club members having health examination becauseof participation in the extension program

184. Number of 4—H Clubs engaging in community activities such asimproving school grounds and conducting local fairs

WORK WITH OLDER RURAL YOUTH *1185. Number of groups (other than 4—H Club) organized for conduct of extension

186. Membership in such groups______________work with older rural youth (same as question 40) ______________

(b) Young women-___(a) Young men________

Number of '187. b , Out of schoolfighgf)? In school U353? 21-24 years 25 ygfiirand5 t a t u S Unmarried Marriedand age (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f)

(1) Youngmen______________________________-______________________ -_ - _-

(2) Youngwomen- -------------- .................................................................

188. Number of meetings of older rural youth extension groups--- ------------------189. Total attendance at such meetings____________ __190. Number of other older rural youth groups assisted________________________________191. Membership in such groups----------------- (a) Young men""""""""""""g (b) YOung women_- ..................192. Number of older rural youth not in ex- (a) Young men_______________________

tension or other youth groups assisted- (b) Young women-_ ..................193. Total number of difl’erent young people

contacted through the extension pro- ....(a) Young men 51>.gram for older rural youth. (Ques- (b) Y uo 11 women_- __________________tions 186, 191,and 192, minus duplica- gtions)

. Ch 1: 1 h ' ’ te . .194. gaggxgoogimadgr-ggdxtlg ggggilmge- Igggnio 10—19 percent 20-39 percent 40933:? or(a) (b) (e) (d)

(1) Citizenship,

(2) Vocational guidance_________________ .

democracy, andpublic problems

(3) Family life and social customs---(4) Social and recreational activi-

ties

(5) Community service activities_____

(6) Technical agriculture_______________(7) Technical home economics, in-

cluding nutrition and health--1 All data in this section are based on the number of different boys and girls participating in 4—H Club work, not on the number of 4—H projects carried.1Re3 Same as footnote 2, except that reference is to _completions instead of enrollments.

rt the total number of different boys or girls enrolled in club work. This total should equal the sum of the project enrollments reported on page 13,or more su Ject-matter lines of work. Do not include boys and girls enrolled late in the year in connection with the succeeding year’s program. minus duplications due to the same boy or girl carrying on two16—28074-1

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NORTH CAROLINA STATE COLLEGE OFAGRICULTURE AND ENGINERINGNORTH CAROLINA COUNTIES AND' UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OFAGRICULTURE COOPERATI N6

COOPERATIVE EXTENSION WORKIN

AGRICULTURE AND HOME ECONOMICSSTATE OF NORTH CAROLINA

EXTENSION SERVICE

State College Station. Raleigh. N. C.may 22, 1942

To Certain County Agents;

Re: The E. A. Blackshere Company's Bidon Hog Shipments.

Dear Co~Workerz

" The E. A. Blackshere Company of Baltimore desire to bid on your hogshipments. In answer to my request, MT. T. L. Baugher, their TravelingRepresentative, listed the following instructions in regard to procedure;

" 1. All drafts payable western National Bank, Baltimore, Md.

2. All shipments to have Baltimore & Ohio delivery in Baltimore.

3. we will make all bids by telephone the day we are bidding andin that manner we can bid on all grades as well as sows and stage. we haveto govern our bids according to the kind of hogs in the Shipment.

4. Be sure and have agents notify time that bids have to be submitted."

I suggest you notify Mr. Baugher of your Shipments, giving him theclosing hour of your bids and who and where to phone the bid, requesting Mr.Baugher to confirm his bid by wire.

Yours very truly,

E. V. vestal,Extension Swine Specialist

00: Mr. T. L. Baugher, Baltimore, Md.Mr. H. W: Taylor, State College

COOPERATIVE EXTENSION WORK

NORTH CAROLINA QTATE COLkEGE OFAGRICULTURE AND ENGINEERINGNORTH CAROLINA coolant-s ANDUNITED STATIS DEPARTMINT OFAGRICULTURE COOPERATING

INAGRIcuur-IJRE AND HOME ECONOMICS

STAT-E OF NORTH CAROLINASTATE COLLEGE STATION. RALEIGH. N. c.

EXTENSION SERVICE

FORM 45 _ Revised July 1942Lot No. 1 5 Lot No. 2Average_gf 3 trials‘ Averageiof 3 trials

INUmber of Pigs 98 i 98

iLength of Feeding Period 71.33 days 71.33 days

Ration Self Fed . Shelled Corn Shelled Cornfree choice Fish meal Fish meal 1/3

Mineral i Cotton Seed meal 1/3Soybean meal 1/3Mineral

Average Initial weight Per Pig 85.24 lbs. 85.23 lbs.

Average Final weight Per Pig 203.06 " 213.82 "

Average Daily Gain Per Pig 1.65 " 1.80 "

Feed Consumed Per 100 Lbs. of gain:

Shelled Corn 359 Lbs . (6.4).:me 320 Lbs. (5.7 Bu.)Fish Meal 28 " 16 "Cotton Seed meal - 16 "Soybean Oil Neal — 16 "Minerals 2 n 2 II

Total Lbs; Feed PBr 100 Lbs. Gain 389 Lbs. 370 Lbs.

Feed Cost Per 100 Lbs. of Gain $6.83 $6.46

Fertilizer Value of Feed Consumed 'Lper 100 Lbs. of Gain $0.72 $9.75

Return per bushel of corn, with feedprices as shown belong if hogs soldfor: .$10.00 per 100 ms. $1.34 $1.4611.00 " " " 1.49 1.6312.00 " " " 1.65 1.8113.00 " " " 1.81 1.9914.00 " fl " 1.96 2.16Feed Prices: Shelled Corn @ 84¢ per bu.;

Cotton Seed meal @ $46.00 per ton;I, Mineral @ $40.00 per ton.

Fish meal @ $100.00 per ton;Soybean Meal @ $56.00 per ton

,2-

COOPERATIVE EXTENSION WORKIN

NORTH CAROLINA STATE COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE AND HOME ECONOMICS :xnmsnon SERVICEAGRICULTURE AND znamzznmcNORTH CAROLINA coma-rots AND STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA - ‘UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OFAGRICULTURE COOPERATING

I

STATE COLLEGE STATION. RALEIGH. N. C,October 6, 1942

Dear Co-worker:

Re: Wheat as a feed for hogs.

Since surplus wheat is available through the Commodity Credit Cor—poration at about $1.00 per bushel for feeding, and since there is a shortageof corn in some sections, farmers can use wheat to an advantage, especiallyif they will keep the following information in mind:\

1. Ground wheat is about 10% better than shelled corn but the cost ofgrinding usually increases its cost by 10%. 'Wheat should be ground for handéfeeding as hogs do not chew it sufficiently when hungry.

_ 2. Like corn, wheat is deficient in vitamines A & D, as well as ampleproteins and minerals. Therefbre, it should be fed with a protein supplement,mineral and green pasture.

3. Occasionally, pigs fed wheat have more of a tendency to go "off feed"than do pigs fed corn as the only grain. 0n the other hand, hogs fed groUndwheat and supplements may gain 10% faster than pigs fed corn and supplements.

4. On one farm in the state, I saw hogs fed shelled corn in one compart—ment of a self feeder, ground wheat in another compartment and a 40% protein 'supplement in the third compartment, and they were doing unusually well. Ofcourse, they had access to pasture, minerals and plenty of water. They wereeating 4.to 5 pounds of shelled corn to 2 pounds of ground wheat and about onepound of the supplement.

5. If wheat and corn are about the same price, a combination of the two(or wheat and barley), fed with a protein supplement, minerals and green pasture,will generally make faster and more economical gains than when either groundwheat or shelled corn (or ground barley) are fed as the only grain.

I see no reason why hog feeders cannot substitute ground wheat fbr atleast 30 to 50% of their grain ration in feedihg out hogs for market.

Yours very truly,

E. V. Vestal, AAnimal Husbandry ExtensiOn Specialist.

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF ‘AGRICULTUREEXTENSION SERVICE

WASHINGTONOFFICIAL BUSINESS

1,I-1 .-

‘1‘I»- ’3“I" ‘.3 A i

‘fa.“

. .‘ 'PENALTY FOR PRIVATE us: TO AVOID. 3 PAYMENT OF POSTAGE, $300.

I' , ', II)“; a «IT .I Q1 r: 'l ‘ '‘ ‘_ IL’.1.“A}. "I

4 I I il Irv v! ,‘ ¢ } vI it .~ . 3y "r v- In r . s

“TH CAROLINA STATE COLLEGE OFAGRICULTURE AND ENGINEERINGNORTH CAROLINA COUNTIES ANDUNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OFAGRICULTURE COOPERATINGO

COOPERATIVE EXTENSION WORKI IN

AGRICULTURE AND HOME ECONOMICS . "‘"""°”"""'°‘STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA

STATE COLLEGE STATION. RALEIGH. N. C.

October 30, 1942

To Certain SWine Breeders

Gentlemen:

I am having a number of inquiries from county agents and farmersregarding the location of purebred pigs, bred gilts and service boars.I also know some breeders who are unable to furnish certain classes thatare requested. Thereibre, will you please fill out the enclosed postcard (no postage required) and return it to me at your very earliestconvenience. This information will be most helpfpl to me in referringinquiries to you, as well as furnish some other needed information.

In filling out the card, please note that the "fall of 1941" refersto the number of sows that farrowed between July 1, and.December l, 1941.The same information is requested for this fall's farrow and includesboth the number of sows that have farroWed since July 1, and those thatwill farrow by December 31, 1942.

Thanking you in advance for this information, I am'

Encl.

Yours very truly,

E. V. Vestal, "Animal Husbandry Extension Specialist.

10 pounds of domestic steamed bonemeal

5 pounds of common saltMineral mix for fattening hogs only:

10 pounds of hardwood ashes ,2 pounds of common salt (

Keep the mineral mix in a dry place andsome before the hogs at all times. Coal andcharcoal are of no value as mineral for hogs.

FEEDINGGrains and minerals may be full fed or

self-fed; that is, placed before the fattening .hogs at all times. Proteins can be hand-fedeither dry or in the slop mixture. Proteinscan also be full fed if the fattening hogs havefree access to grains. 'The “hogging-off” of corn, soybeans, pea—

nuts, small grains, or potatoes is often eco-“nomical. However, minerals should always beprovided, and one-quarter pound of proteinper head per day should be hand-fed with allof these crops.As a suggestion, a flat bottomed trough

can be placed under a shelter and the grainor other fattening feed can be full fed in oneend of the trough, the minerals in the otherend, and 1/41, to 1/2 pound of the protein mix-ture can be hand-fed each day with thekitchen slop. In all instances, don’t forget tokeep plenty of clean watep before the fatten-ing hogs at all times.

I—Iz" 24" 36" 18T" .' XL] ' \ U \u ]\L MINERAI§§ PROTEIN g GRAINI\ E! 58% III 6 '

A HANDY TROUGH FOR FEEDING HOGS. NAIL OR BOLTDOWN SECURELY TO PREVENT OVERTURNING.LITERATURE

For further information, ask your countyagent for:

N. C. Extension Circular No. 238, Grow-ing Hogs in North Carolina.

N. C. Extension Folder No. 34, Killing andCuring Meat on the Farm.

U. S. Farmers Bulletin No. 1490, Hog LotEquipment.

(.

WAR §EBEE§EXTENSIONBULLETINJUNE, 1942 /

Producing Pork For Home Use

NORTH CAROLINATATE COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE AND ENGINEERINGOF THEUNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINAANDU. 5. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, CO-OPERATINGN. C. AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION SERVICEI. O. SCHAUB. DIRECTORSTATE COLLEGE STATIONRALEIGH

DISTRIBUTED IN FURTHERANCE OF THE ACTS OF CONGRESS OFMAY 8 AND JUNE 30, 1914

PRODUCING PORK FOR HOME USEBy E. V. VESTAL

Extension Swine SpecialistThe recent Federal census indicated th ‘

61,226 farms in North Carolina had an ave?age of about two brood sows per farm, whilethe remaining 217,046 farms must rely onpurchased feeder pigs if they are to producetheir home pork supply. Therefore, this cir-cular is designed to furnish practical infor—mation in the selection, feeding, and manage- .ment of pigs in the production of pork forhome use.

The average person on the farm requiresabout 72 pounds of pork and 15 pounds of"lard each year. In order to be sure that anadequate supply of these products is avail-able, it is recommended that one 225-poundhog (liveweight) be slaughtered on thefarm annually for each two members of thefamily.

SELECTION OF FEEDER PIGSThe purchasing of thrifty pigs of good

breeding is essential if economical pork is tobe produced. Usually, feeder pigs securednear the farm on which they are to be raisedgive better results than pigs brought into theState or from another section of the State.Good feeder pigs should be of medium type,have good-sized bones, a fine coat of hair, anda well-developed body.

MANAGEMENTFeeder pigs grow faster and require less

feed per hundred pounds of grain when theyhave access to a small temporary pastureseeded to a green grazing crop. Pigs confinedto a floored pen or a small wood-lot often faj“to gain as they should because of the lack ofgreen feed, minerals, and sanitation.

Used cylinder oil is suggested for the con-trol of lice and mange.A simple type of shelter should be pro-

vided for the pigs as some protection fromcool rains. The shelter also will furnish shadeduring hot weather.

\

Plenty of clean drinking water should beprovided for the pigs at all times. An eight-inch, flat-bottomed trough, with inch-widestrips across the top at 12-inch intervals, is

( ' -|«—| 2"—>|<—l 2"—>l«—I2"—»|«—.I2"—a{T \ \ \U U

41A HANDY WATER TROUGH. NAIL OR STAKE DOWN TOPREVENT OVERTURNING.

suggested since it will hold more water thana “V” trough and will prevent the wasting of*water.

FEEDSCorn is about the most eflicient grain for

4' hogs, if it is properly balanced with proteins,minerals, and green feed. Wheat or groundbarley may replace corn and 25 per cent ofthe grain ration may be ground oats.

Cull sweet potatoes or cooked Irish pota-toes can replace one-half of the grain rationwith good results. If green grazing is notavailable, waste garden or truck crops can befed profitably.

Waste kitchen scraps are often of sufficientamount to furnish feed for one or more pigs.However, the scraps, or waste, should notcontain soapy dish water, glass, coffeegrounds, fish bones, and similar harmful

. items if fed to hogs.PROTEIN SUPPLEMENTS

Any of the following protein supplementsshould give good results:

1. Equal parts by weight of tankage (orfishmeal), cottonseed meal, and soybean oilmeal (or peanut meal).

2. A good commercial 40 per cent proteinsupplement.

3. Skim milk or buttermilk (one gallon isequal to three—fourth pound of tankage).

MINERALSMineral mix for all hogs:

10 pounds of finely ground limestone

WtenHogs Fast

5 As Market Hits New Hig

Swine prrces have recentlyeached their highest levels in '16

, ears or more. With hogs bringing' and 15 cents per pound on 'the

-operative livestock markets, or—nized and operated with the as-

s, tance of county farm agents, ituld appear that the only prob—

' of farmers is to see that their5 “make hogs of themselves” inshortest possible time.1' ‘The hog production picture is

r atively b right,” says Ellis~ stal, extension swine specialist

o"? N. C. State College, “but it’s by- means perfect. On the produc-t n front, there’s a serious'short—e of fish meal and tankage, theandard protein supplements ine hog ration. Also, the availableacking and transportation fa—'iities may be inadequate ' toandle the record 1942 pig crop.”Claude Wickard, - secretary ofgriculture, recently appealed toarmers to lengthen the hog mar—eting Season by getting at least aart of their crop ready for salearlier than iisual. He said: “Thereay be serious troubles ahead inog marketing this year unless weho raise hogs start our heaviermarketings earlier than usual. . . .“This year, in the fall and Win-ter marketing season, we shall besending to market a fourth morehogs than last year, and 5% to 6million more than we have ever,marketed before in the period fromOctober 1 through April. If thenormal percentage of the crop isplaced on the market in Decemberand January, it will probably bemore than the packing plants andtransportation f a c i 1 i t i e s canhandle.” ;, Adds Note of Warning_ Vestal adds a note of warningin this connection. “Make, plansto market your hogs early, but besure they are of good weight,” hesays. 'Do not ship light, unfin—1shed hogs. The United . Statesand the United Nations will needall the pork and lard we can pro-duce.” A. Turning to the feed problem, the'extension \swine specialist stated:“The scarcity of fish meal andtankage has created quite a prob—lem for swine growers. These twofeeds have been the standard pro—te1n supplements for years andsome farmers are inclined to feedcorn, or other grain, exclusively asa result of this shortage., , “The feeding of corn alone to:hogs is very expensive. It takes

approximately 630 pounds (bushels) of shelled corn to prod100 pounds of pork when the cis fed alone. When 30 pounds 0fish meal and three pounds of .erals is used in the ration, it e-quires only 342 poundsbushels) of corn to producepounds of pork.“Research has clearly shothat hogs gain faster on a thrway protein mix of fish Incottonseed meal and soybean mthan when fish meal alone isprotein source. With pres .prices, a feed that will likely gi ethe most efficient and econo,results is the feeding of 320 pounof shelled corn in one comparment of a self-feeder, a mixtu

compartment, and a good mineramixture in a third compartment 0the self-feeder. I , ‘

Suggests , Another Mixture“Still another ration that pro

duces pork economically and reduces the amount of fish meal 0tankage- normally used,_ is- as follows: 320 pounds of shelled com23 pounds each of fish meal ancottonseed meal, and 3 pounds ofgood mineral mixture.” ,

Vestal says that farmers Whare unable to obtain either fismeal or tankage tomix with cottonseed meal and soybean mealwill. find several good 40 per centprotein supplements for hogs available at feed stores. He' reports thacommercial feeds ‘are being usequite extensively now.“With corn at 84 cents per bush

and fish meal at $55.25 'per 10pounds, a farmer can'save moneby using a good commercial. 4"per cent. prdtein feed. if it costless than $32.80 per 100 pounds,says Vestal. “If the 40 per censupplement costs 'more than' $3.8per 100. pounds, a farmer wiusually find it more economical‘tpay the $5.25 for ‘100 pounds of'fismeal unless it requires less the50 pounds of the 40 per cent. feeper 320 pounds of corn for 1pounds of grain of grain by tbag. . .“Generally,” Vestal conclud“a good 40 per cent. protein fefor hogs should consist of 25 p rcent. animal proteins, 60 per ce .plant proteins, "and the remain-1 g15 per cent. from ground legu ehays, molasses, and minerals, 11by weight. . '

New Bulletin Issued l1On Pork for Home

There should be a 2;26-poun.d3hog slaughtered on every farm an-nually for each two members ofthe famly, says Ellis V. Vestal,Extension swine specialist of N.C. State College. The average per-son on the farm requires about '72pounds of pork and 15 pounds» oflard each sear. .To aid farm families in meeting

these food requirements, the Sta-te'W lollege Extension Service an-nounced the publication of a bul-letin entitled: “Production Parkfor Home Use.” It is War SeriesExtension Bulletin No. 6. A copyof the four page pamphlet may beObtained free by writing to' theAgricultural Eiditor, N. C. StateCollege, Raleigh, and requestingthe bulletin by name and num-ber. , _ ‘

Vestal prepared the text forthe publication. Diagrams of asimple water trough .and a handyfeed trough, both of Which can-bebuilt on any farm, are included.

There are sections in the bulle-tin on Selection of Feeder Pigs,'Management, Feeds, Protein Sup-; plements, Minerals and Feeding.EA list of other literature which isavailable on the subject is giv-en. ' .

In. the introduction to the bulle-tin, Vestal wrote:‘ “The recent,Federal' census indicated that ‘61,-r226 farms in North Carolina havean average of about two brood'soyvs per farm. ,The remaining217,046 farms must rely on pur—,chased feeder pigs if they are toproduce their home pork, supply.This cirlular is designed to fur—nish practical information _on theproduction of pork for home use.”The Extension swine specialist

recomniénds’the selection of feed—~! . ’ . “Tin—MM" #fijfiger pigs which are of a me iii-“iii...weight type, that have good Esi‘z;ed bones, a fine coat of hainiand

_a well developed bedy. - * I, :

1:.:7...’ve‘

" “nstruE‘t—ifif "FEE,

o fine-10%,it v BY E. v. VESTAL where here can have“ access m anus~ g t nsio-n Service N. C. State at all times. _ 2.x. * . . fl »_ .. ’ _ ‘_ -. ,

x 8 College Another thing well 1wltgrth 1re IEMfifieg Ifl _243' . ' is 'tha hogs 1 e p en , _ . W ,.

Good feeder pigs are scarce this berm; _ . _ Mb” ‘ ,. p . ,- ‘ * yEar and those who have made a an water. A dry water tr ' 13m“; .. Sim“: 33116811, Date =

‘ practice or purchasme a part of . ‘1WWW saga—m farmers hostess sakestheir pigs are finding the ones the/Li swme ° - {to drake: two") Q7139? fiat; we?”aféu torfsaie are not .91 the ‘best: 13,1943a. “'5 as TGDQMd today byduality; and are rather expensive. fifty V, tel.) Extension- swme“e‘ripiks‘from other states is not, , inst ‘ey : [VG sen . 6;, 0:good "since their situation is. some-: fafffiexma 130‘? hem. mere M m;whatsimilar to that in this state, the sprivng‘of’1943; second, newThe best solution Of this problem "have’beentasked togniarkett theirasset: 3 $3: iiifl’é‘iftfiié 3WWW new??? than the?.‘ {-

410'

best ' ,care possible in order, thatgood litters may be raised at homeA little extra care at farrowintime should help relieve the feed‘er pig situation and should be timprofitably spent.Before the pigs are born, thbrood sow should have plenty .exercisal receive a balanced ratio 1including plenty of green grazinand a-good' mineral mixture. Gree .feed fond minerals are often no; ,letter! but the feeding of. themmost important ifstrong,‘ well-dvelop'ed litters are expected. ’

‘ Two or three days before iarr ‘ing time, the saw should be. Was ‘ed to remove dirt and pessibworm esss. and transferred to 'new lot, or pasture, where no h-i:have been since the land was plo

,, ed. Better still, the pigs willeven better if no hogs have be-;on the new lot for 12_ months. .course a clean, comfortable fa .revving hence-should ,be providalso. . T ”.

After the pigs are born, a fe ‘.minutes spent in clipping the littpig’s short teeth will often ca - ,one .orltwo extra pigs to be savMost hogs are born with long, she.teeth that irritate the tow whethe pigs nurse or may cause

.5.

[rowings for 1942” ’‘ihead of hogs is nearly 24 per centlarger, than the 1941 crop, and byfar the largest on record. -

uBur; this isn’t enough to feedour fighting forces and industrialworkers,” the Extension specialistcentinued. “The ‘mvern‘mentwants a 1943 Slaughter of porkamounting to 13.4 billion pounds,dressed weight, as compared withslightly mOre than 11) billionpounds of slaughter this year.”In caning for this increaSe;

which is one or the first National3mm product-mu goals fflf‘19i‘3fl-Seoretary Wicks-rd pointed to the”.everdncreasing demands for meetproducts for our fighting. forces,”for Lendehease purchases, and: for

, civilians=.‘Vesta1 said that the 1943‘ pork requirements for, U. S. Mili-tary forces and LenddLease alone

‘ will exceed 19-42 requirements 'bymore than a billion pounds.

. pigs to injure one another.W), ‘ The sow should not be over fethe first few days as too much milmay upset the pigs. Ho‘wever, bthe time the pigs are two weekold, the sow should be on full fe ~'One of the most economical way ito feed the sow and her litter, sitethe pigs are two weeks old, is busing a . Self-feeder. * The feede 3should contain shelled corn 0 7ground barley in e compartmenequal perish? W , ‘: Oand soybpartment, and a good mineral mix ‘:turc in another. . , ,Then, if they receive some greengrazing and plenty of clean Water,the pigs should weigh 80 to 40pounds by the time they are eightweeks old and well started on feedFor best results, it does not appeprofitable for too many sows atheir litters to run together, usuatwo or three is best,As hogs are now selling at gprices, every effort should be mato produce pork for home use,we know we can expect pork products to be rather high in pricuntil the war is over.One ‘or the most economical .ra-itions isto continue the pigs on the,stilt-feederr However, the hogging-off of corn and scybeans, and thegleaning of waste soybeans andpeanuts appears very profitable ona number of farms, especially inthe Eastern part of the state. Theuse of a good mineral mixture isimportant at all times but especial-ly 'so when soybeans and peanutsrare the only source of, protein._ These crops contain very little min-erals and, these minerals can easilybe supplied by mixing together 10-pounds of ground limestone, 5pounds of” steamed bone meal, andtwo pounds of common salt. Thismixture should not be mixed with

lthe feed but put in a dry place

The state College worker said::“This is not a suggestion; this .isa patriotic call to' duty. Our

3- Army and Navy must. he, keptt well fed, and there must beenough meat to keep our c‘fiilianforce's working attopspeéd‘ it:produce the ”planes: 84M»; shipsand tanks that “the fighting: force‘-

"

, __' need. for iictorifl"

ogs Usually Healthy \

w.

-—BY ELLIS v. VESTAL—Extension Swine Specialist

7 : Nu C. State CollegeThere is an interesting story

about Chinese vdoctorsgji; When aChinaman‘ engages '- a rdPromises? to pay the (1,: .. . 7per Wéék 1, as long airtime doctorkeeps him well. The “minute thepatient gets sick the Ohinese doc-tor muSt do anything he can tomake him well again and the pati-ent must not payithe’ doctor any-thing while no 188161; For this rea-son the doctor is anxious to keepall of his patients well in orderthat his pay may continue becausehe-realizes that. his pay will step ifhis patients are taken 111. 'After thinking about this story

it strikes me as a pretty good idea.If each of you Who grow hogs willadapt this story to your own situa-tion; placing yourself inltho positionof the Chinese doctor and“ your pigsin the position of your patients,you will see right much similaritybetween the two situations. As lougas you keep your pigs healthygandfeed them the right kind of rations,they will pay you a profit. The min-ute you let them get sick your paystops and you, must do like theChinese doctor,-‘work hard. to makeyour patient well again. 'The foregoing statement bringsup the question of what is necessaryto keep hogs healthy. We 'believe

hogs will be generally healthy ifthey are kept in sanitary quarters,prayided with adequate shelter, and-fed a balanced ration. If you pro-vide sanitation, . adequate shelter,and proper food your patientshould remain healthy and pay youregularly each day. On the otherhand, if you .pay no attention tosanitation, shelter, and balancedrations, sooner 4 or later, your pigswill need attention beCause they‘wiilnot remain healthy if 'you neglectthem. , _ ~Parasites Thrive in Mild Climate.In North Carolina we have a verymild climate and parasites thrive.Hogs are susceptible to many dif-ferent kinds of internal parasites inaddition to the external ones suchas lice and mange mites. Where

? 9=é~j:1f Quarters Sanitary

hogs are kept on the same groundyear after year the population ofworm eggs increases very rapidlyuntil the ground is usually pollutedvery thoroughly. Hogs that areraised in hog lots of this kindsimply cannot avoid becoming in-fested with these internal para-sites because they will pick theup off the ground with their 1The greatest damage is done tothe small ‘ pigs before they at

weaned. If. a little pig swallows alarge number of ‘roundworm eggor eggs of other parasites, they in-flict considerable damage beforeyou as the elector realize any troubleis taking place. It is, alnmst asimilar situation to the one that yohave heard many times whére thoWner went out and locked his stabldoor after somebody had stolen hihorse. We feel that the, use 0medicine in dosing pig's, for weis practically the same as lockinthe stable door after the horse habeen, stolen because When a pishows sufficient symptoms to taskyou ~ feel that worm medicinenecessary the major part of thedamage has. been‘ done. A

Resistance ‘ To Disease LoweredOf course a pig that is badly in-fested with parasites will naturallyhave his resistance lowered so. heis more likely to take ,a. good caseof the first disease with which hecomes in contact than would betrue if this pig was free or para-sites and. in a very healthy condi-tion. The doctors: tell us that hogsinfested with internal parasites aremuch more likely to pick up diseasethan hogs free of internal parasites.We feel that it is a smiple matterto keep these pigs healthy by grow-ing them in clean quarters, furnish-mg adequate shelter and reading abalanced ration. We would like totake a moment to briefly "discusseach phase of this. program ofhealth for hogs. ‘When we, speak of swine sanita-tion we mean farrowing and growingpigs on land that has. been culti-vated since any hogs were allowedto range on it. We suggest that onlyclean cultivated land be used be-cause such land can be plowed

Those people who have tried it

winch is one of the 'necessapoints in a swine sanitation pro-gram. We suggest that the sow beput in the clean field before thepigs arrive and that the; pigs bekept there until they are fourmonths film or Funtil ' they weigh, , 100pounds each. This is not a cofiifilkcated plan and we know it will paygood dividends. We suggest you dis~cuss this matter With your countyagent and your vocational teacherand attempt: to workout for you?own term a system of swine sanita-on. ., . . ‘ "Your county agent and your.teacher at agriculture are cos-“ioperating together in an effort ascontrol sWine parasites in NorthCarolina. We suggest that you ask?them fora copy of Leaflet Number6 and Leaflet Number 108, - bothfrom. the U. S. Department ofAgriculture. We hope you will try:a demonstration onyour own farm.say they will never try to growhogs without~ it again. It is notexpensive and it is simply a matterof prevention. ’

Prizes Are!

AwardedIn,

Pig S h 0 w

The annual 4-H club pig showfor Buncombe, Henderson and Hay-wood counties was held yesterdayon the lot at the rear of the SearsRoebuck and Company store, withAlvin Chason of Haywood countytaking first honors for the district.ChasOn, who lives on CantonR.F.D. No, 2, was awarded a Guern-sey heifer. Second place in the dis-trict contest went to DorothyDockery of Weaverville, and thirdplace went to Inez Dalton ofEdneyville, Henderson county. Bothwere awarded Guernsey heifers.Chason showed a Poland China pigand the other two showed Hamp-shires. .In the three county contests, sec-

ond, third and fourth prize win-ners for each were chosen as fol-lows: .Haywood county: Second, N. C.

James, Jr., Clyde. R.F.D. No. 1;third, H. R. Caldwell, Waynesville,R.F.D. No. 2, and fourth, PaulRogers of Clyde. ,“ ”Henderson county: Second, Clar-

ence Laughter, Jr., Hendersonville;R.F.D. No. 2; third, Harris Ed-mondson, Jr., of Horseshoe; andfourth, T. D. Walker, Flat Rock,R.F.D. No. 1. "Buncombe county: Second,

Robert Harper, Asheville R.F.D. No4, third, Burnice Buckner oWeaverville, and fourth” BillvStevens, of Asheville R.F.D. No. 3.Each of the county winners re:

ceived 100 baby chicks as a prize.' ;0,’ J;*—--S-‘4‘3 q. i

. . vPIG SHOW WINNERS AND’PRIZES—In the top photo- arethe three top-placer

hers and-exhibito‘rsin the annual Buncombe, Henderson and‘Haywood- pig show held 1' 5'“. .yesterday under the sponsorship of‘Sears. Roebuck and Company. Participants were 4-H ad for the my 01' girl having the.club members. Left to right: First. Alvin Chason. with Poland China. Canton. R. F. D. Nam“ record book. Fir“ place View;2. Haywood; second, Dorothy Dockery, with‘gHamps'hire, Weaverville, ‘Buncombe; third. £3123: Egzgffim’oiecofigygmInez Dalton, with Hampshire, Edneyville, Henderson. In the bottom photo are the three county, and third place to Louisepurebredfiluernsey heifersvthaf were given as prizes to‘the three top winners. ‘ Maney of Buncombe county. "mi

og Killinfi Day Is ‘

; Help In PreparincYear's Meat Supp .

By ELLIS VESTAL -State College Extension Sw .,SpecialistIt is hog killing day. The so ~is a North Carolina, farm andtime late November or early D ‘camber. For days in advance 1master of the house, has watchhis hogs. the skies. and the‘signstthe mooan order to choose -very best possible time for this opation. And why shouldn’t he? ~‘ has spent a whole year raisisthese. bags of his. humoring - ‘dosing than, trying to getrthe D -.>, mum amount of flesh on their bo . ,,2011 the mess of this day of slang:, tering. cutun and packing, depen .,his supply 0 meat for the COu .-year. 'The scalding vat, picking platfoand scaffold have been put up f Lin advance, for well the mas =knows that a favorable time Income when it is least expec ,When the time does come the onl

,,____..

I

invite the neighbors in.True to prediction. the day dawnclear and icy cold. Although ther

o’clock.

t stihg, and in addition each helpereceive some spare ribs andd now for the slaughtering w' g a small bucket of feed and '. caliber rifle the men go downto e hog pen. Usually the shoot-in of the hogs is done by someme her of the party who has areputation for his ability to" one for every shot; if noperson is available, the mena take turns at it., Another manhe is qualified does the sticking.A fast as the hogs are slaugh-re . they are dragged to the scald-g at (usually a vinegar barrel),nd’the process of cleaning begins.i is a rather humdrum affair un-less‘ some green helper “sets" thehair of an animal by overscalding.very one sighs with relief when theast hog has been picked andcraped. Now the hogs are ready-u be opened, and here the master1? the house exhibits his skill:By noon the work is finished andinner is served. -Men and woment great quantities of liver—fried,ashed, or made into liver pudding.. addition there may be collards

0fi..3‘'1 B8f’ '11O'1 0''10a:9- 9read, biscuits, and sweet potatoese available and are used accordingpersonal preferences or preju-‘After dinner, it is time to beginntting up the carcasses. The tools1 this work usually consist of an

= - aside to be separated later byfamily and made into lard and.. sage. As a rule the fatback isin luded in the trimmings and isIn de into lard along with the leaf-As the' hams, shoulders, ands are cut out, they are laid in‘ barn on a cotton sheet to chillo r night. The next day they will'b salted down, very likely without' addition of sugar. When taken.m ’the pack they may. or mayn be smoked, and they will cer-‘t nly be hung in the smokehouseth no protection whatever froms cts and vermin.On hog-killing day, after the meati cut up and spread out, the neigh-‘ rs prepare to return to theiromes by each packing his allow-‘cc of spareribs and backbones,d on leaving. each voices his de-ire to have all those presentcome0 his hog-killing, which is to take. ace some time soon.Such is the scene each Fall atthrough-

' practically an cameras!pork is furnished by packing com-|panics. Hogs are bought in greatnumbers by these companies.shipped to some central point. andthere killed and processed. ,The striking thing .about ,this‘packing plant slaugh is the,speed and precision with w ch it is;carried out. Everything is planned?so that the carcasses move in a3steady, .unfaltering stream from“sticking pan to cooler. Accompany-1ing this economy at time is an evenmore striking economy in the useof the carcasses themselves. Theby-producta ,include eyerythlngfrom buttons to toothbrushes. Bones,and condemned animals are madeinto bone meal and meat scrap, tobe used in raising more hogs forthe industry.