ambient/source technology integration for the development ... · ambient/source technology...
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Ambient/Source Technology Integration for the Development of a Multi-Metals Air Toxics Monitoring System
Jim Homolya, EPA/OAQPS/AQAD, Measurement Technology Group
2006 National Air Monitoring ConferenceLas Vegas, NevadaNovember 6-9 2006
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Technology Integration Team Goal and Membership
� Drive policy decisions by integrating source and ambient monitoring technology
� Membership: Jim Homolya(lead), Dan Bivins, Tom Logan, Dennis Mikel, Barrett Parker, LewWeinstock, Phil Lorang (coach)
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Process
� Assess current monitoring programs and upcoming needs
� Identify opportunities for integration
� Initiate project and recommend options to incorporate process as routine procedure
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Integration Approach
� Discussed needs and examined open path optical and semi-continuous air toxics metals monitoring
� Decided to explore integration of commercially-available source emission air toxics metals XRF monitor into ambient air PM2.5 beta attenuation mass monitor
� Conducted discussions with collaborators and launched proof-of-concept project
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Proof of Concept: Adapt Metals CEM Technology for Ambient Air Toxics Continuous Monitor
� Project Goal: Determine ability to measure non-cancer risk levels (<50pg/dscm) for Cr, Mn, Ni, As, Cd, Hg, and Pb in PM2.5 samples collected semi-continuously at 4 hour intervals
� Final Objective: Optimize technology for practical and cost-effective system to produce detection limits at cancer risk levels (<20pg/dscm) for the above metals at comparable temporal resolution
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Project Collaborators
� Source and Ambient Technology Integration Team
� Cooper Environmental Services
� Metals CEMS (XACT) vendor
� Met One Instruments
� Continuous PM2.5 mass monitor (BAM-1020) vendor
� California Air Resources Board
� Extensive air monitoring network operator of BAM-1020s
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Cooper Environmental XACT Multi-Metals Continuous Emissions Monitor
Xact CEMSXact CEMS
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XACT SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS
XX--Ray TubeRay Tube
Filter TapeFilter Tape
Aerosol DepositAerosol DepositSample FlowSample Flow
Analysis AreaAnalysis Area
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MetOne BAM-1020 Beta Attenuation PM2.5 Mass Monitor
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BAM Modified With Stretched-Teflon Tape Transporter
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Project Output and Schedule
� Modified BAM installed at Bakersfield, CA, site � Beginning 4/15, operate for 10 days to
collect 60-4 hr samples on stretched Teflon filters
� Cooper selected 16 filters for XRF analysis � 10 filters for dynamic range and MDL, 6
filters to demonstrate diurnal air toxic metals variability
� EPA, CARB, Cooper and Met One prepared a joint report of results and recommendations
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Concentration Range of Interest
mg/m3 µg/m3 ng/m3 pg/m3
CEMS
Fence Line
Air Toxics
Five orders of magnitude lower detection limit
CES Xact
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Unsupported PTFE Filter Tape
0.3 mg/cm2 – Recessed Deposit
Maximum flow of 70 lpm/cm2
BAM 1020: 240 min. at 12 lpm/cm2
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3,6833543612,3472,3142981415503.85/29/05 11:00CA 15
1,3212544542,2043,1112471617203.85/28/05 11:00CA 14
1,9442566663,1645,7976012861,3203.85/28/05 7:00CA 13
1,8343416723,1396,2626913771,1003.85/28/05 3:00CA 12
1,4672106652,2334,2824102301,2003.85/27/05 23:00CA 11
2,6043118923,6553,8933312826003.85/27/05 19:00CA 10
1,8813126133,5203,6113261835003.85/27/05 15:00CA 9
2,0882424773,1383,4942681341,2403.85/27/05 11:00CA 8
2,5003569215,04010,4767764391,8403.85/27/05 7:00CA 7
1,7572801,0534,2987,5136866011,3903.85/27/05 3:00CA 6
1,8372718823,7536,1575652871,4103.85/26/05 23:00CA 5
1,5443088683,1565,3593462206903.85/26/05 19:00CA 4
1,4472906554,0814,1243541229303.85/26/05 15:00CA 3
2,4503135764,1845,3083862341,1703.85/26/05 11:00CA 2
3,0382548923,8006,1176764461,9203.85/26/05 7:00CA 1
PbHgSrBrZnSeAs
PM X 10-
4
Volum
eDate/TimeID
Concentrations of Selected Elements (pg/dscm)
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Example of Mass/Trace Element Temporal Variability
Bakersfield Time Series Plots
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
4 Hour Sequential Sample Number
Conc. (picograms/dscm)
PM X 10-4
As X 2
Se X 2
Pb
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** Based on Metone filter loading tests with 0.6 µm PM demonstrating capacity for 250 µg/cm2 and current Xact.
* Assumptions: Interference-free, 95% Currie detection limits using stretched PTFE filter tape and four hour analysis in air.
226648Pb (2)
216245Tl (2)
257453Hg (2)
311934677Sb (3)
114341248Cd (3)
88265192Ag (3)
113425Se (2)
123626As (2)
185339Zn (2)
247252Cu (2)
278259Ni (2)
154633Mn (1)
175137Cr (1)
Potential (8.7 m3/cm2)**Actual (2.9 m3/cm2)Target (4 m3/cm2)Element (cond.)
Volumes Sampled
XACT Method Detection Limits (pg/dscm)
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Demonstrated Range of Feasible Limits
mg/m3 µg/m3 ng/m3 pg/m3
Xact CEMS
900,000pg/m3
Xact + BAM
36
Max. Flow
Analyzer Optimized
10 2
Demonstrated feasible with independent
Components
Four Hour Sampling and Analysis
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Outcome
� Collaborators completed project and prepared feasibility study report
� Team recommended options to internalize technology integrations as “normal business practice”
� Monitoring Technology Group continues project with funding from Air Toxics Program � Demonstrate deposit uniformity and
sample integrity
� Optimize XRF detection design.
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Keys to Successful Technology Integration
Knowledge
CollaborationVision
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Knowledge
� Current and near-term ambient and source measurement application needs
� Commercially-available measurement and monitoring technologies
� On-going research, development, and application studies
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Vision
� Make independent technological developments intersect or converge to new measurement needs
� Pick “low-hanging fruit”-maximum near-term benefits, high probability of success, manageable resource investment
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Collaboration
� EPA identifies and prioritizes ambient / source monitoring applications with technology integration benefits
� Developers generate new measurement technologies
� Vendors recognize opportunities and provide equipment packages
� State agency/private sector entities pilot evaluation studies