a brief history of photography · development of photography • 5th & 4th centuries bce:...

ABriefHistoryofPhotography

Introduc)ontoDigitalPhotography

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DevelopmentofPhotography

•  Whenwasthefirstphotographmade?

DevelopmentofPhotography•  World’sfirstphotograph?– ShroudofTurinmightbetheworld’soldestphotograph.

– NicholasAllendescribestechniquesinPhDthesis.

hAp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Full_length_nega)ves_of_the_shroud_of_Turin.jpg

DevelopmentofPhotography

•  5th&4thcenturiesBCE:ChinesephilosopherMoTi,Greekmathema)ciansAristotleandEucliddescribeapinholecamera

•  6thcentury:AnthemiusofTrallesusedaformofcameraobscura

•  10thcentury:Ibnal-Haythamstudiesthepinholecameraandcameraobscura,writestheBookofOp(cs

DevelopmentofPhotography

•  cameraobscurabox,room(offCentralPark,NYC)

DevelopmentofPhotography

•  AlbertusMagnus(1206-80)discoverssilvernitrate(precursorfordiscoveringsilverchloride[discoveredbyGeorgesFabricius(1516-71)],usedformakingphotographicpaper)

•  DanielBarbarodescribesadiaphragm(1568)•  WhihelmHombergdescribeshowlightdarkenssomechemicals(photochemicaleffect)in1694

DevelopmentofPhotography

•  JosephNicéphoreNiépce– Firstpermanentphotograph(1826),laterdestroyed

– Diedin1833– WorkedwithLouisDaguerredevelopingsilverprocess

ViewfromtheWindowatLeGras(c.1826)hAp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:View_from_the_Window_at_Le_Gras,_Joseph_Nicéphore_Niépce.jpg

DevelopmentofPhotography

•  LouisDaguerre–  Firstcommercially(economically)viablephotographicprocessusingsilveredcopperplates(daguerreotype)

–  Frenchgovernmentbuyspatent,immediatelyputsitintothepublicdomain

BoulevardduTemple(c.1838/9)hAp://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Boulevard_du_Temple_by_Daguerre.jpg/640px-Boulevard_du_Temple_by_Daguerre.jpg

DevelopmentofPhotography

•  FoxTalbot– Developedcalotype(1840)usingpaper,improvementonDaguerre’smethod

•  GeorgeEastman– RefinesTalbot’smethod,founda)onofmodernfilmcamera

– 1901:KodakBrowniecamera,firstmassmarketcamera

DevelopmentofPhotography

•  WillardBoyle&GeorgeSmith/AT&TBellLabs– Charge-coupleddevice(CCD)invented(1969)

•  BryceBayerdevelopsBayerfiltermosaicpaAern(1975)

•  Kodakdevelopsfirstmegapixelsensor(1986)

DevelopmentofPhotography

•  Firstdigitalcamera(Kodak)(1975)•  0.01Megapixels•  Blackandwhiteonly•  23secondstorecordimagetodatatape

DevelopmentofPhotography•  TimBerners-Lee– Firstdigitalimagepostedonline(1992)

hAp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Les_Horribles_CerneAes_in_1992.jpg

PhotographicTechniques

•  Stereophotography:VenusauBain(c.1850)

hAp://www.flickr.com/photos/photohistory)meline/3037640857/in/set-72157610116870449/lightbox/

PhotographicTechniques

•  Photocomposi)on:TheTwoWaysofLife(1857)

hAp://www.codex99.com/photography/images/rejlander_lg.jpg

PhotographicTechniques

•  Photojournalism:AlexanderGardner(CivilWar)

hAp://www.flickr.com/photos/photohistory)meline/3243507419/in/set-72157610135585093

PhotographicTechniques

•  Science:Carpenter&Nasmyth(1874)

hAp://www.flickr.com/photos/photohistory)meline/3038948147/in/set-72157610181190078

PhotographicTechniques

•  Hoax:Lincoln–Calhoun1860

hAp://www.ikono.tv/ikonotv/wp-content/uploads/Ohne-Titel27.jpg

PhotographicTechniques•  Darkroommanipula)on:AnselAdams

PhotographicTechniques•  Darkroommanipula)on:AnselAdams

hAp://www.evanbaines.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/01/moonrise.jpg