achieving behavioural change: awareness buidling, public participation and working with civil...

Achieving Behavioural Change: awareness buidling, public participation and

working with civil society

Stanley Nyoni The Natural Step Internationalwww.thenaturalstep.org

Agenda

1. Sustainability Overview

2. Awareness

3. Participation and Civil sociéty

ADVANCED INTERNATIONAL COURSE IN LOCAL ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT IN URBAN AREAS 2009 AFRICA

Sustainable Development Overview

Total Systems Thinking

V: Value is created by satisfying human needs (improving genuine quality of life), in an economically viable way for designers, producers and customers in the supply chain

I: Ecological impacts derive from wastes and emissions entering the bio-sphere and physical degradation of eco-systems

The strategic ‘single bottom line’ objective is to greatly increase V/I (by ‘Factor X’)

Resources Needs

Ear

th’s

Cru

st

Bio

-S

ph

ere

Uti

lisa

tio

n

“Permanent” Capture

ResourceProcessing Manufacturing

Goods &Service Delivery

FarmingFishing

Mining

Wastes and Emissions

Recycling

V

I

Materials& Energy

Products ServicePlatforms

Quality of life has material foundations

Tipping Points - Cause and Effect?

Mined materials

Man-made substances

Physical degradation

Social barriers

The Biosphere / the earthSystem

Success

Strategy

Action

Tools

Slow geological cycles (vulcano eruptions and weathering)

Slow geological cycles (sedimentation and mineralization)

Open system for energy

Sustainability is about the ability of these cycles to run indefinitely

Cycles of Nature

Closed system for matter1)Nothing disappears2)Everything disperse

«Photosytesis provides new structure »

Slow geological cycles (vulcano eruptions and weathering)

Slow geological cycles (sedimentation and mineralization)

Sustainability is about the ability of these cycles to run indefinitely

Cycles of Nature

Copyright © 2007 The Natural Step

How do we destroy the system?

Persistent compounds foreign to nature

Physically inhibit nature’s ability to run cycles

Large flows of materials from the Earth’s crust

Barriers to people meeting their basic needs worldwide

Copyright © 2007 The Natural Step

Natural and Human wealth

Two real sources of wealth

• wealth that flows from our use of the earth’s life support systems = natural capital

• wealth that flows from the use of our hands, brains and spirits = human capital

All else - money, machines, institutions - is derived from these two primary sources of wealth.

Well-being

• Basic needs

• Interdependence

• Diversity

• Self-organization

Key characteristics of successful societies

What are our human needs?

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

Human needs

Subsis-tence

IdlenessPartici-pation

Protection AffectionUnder-

standing

Creation Identity Freedom

Manfred Max-Neef et al

• Definable

• Same in all cultures (but different satisfiers)

• Not interchangeable

• Possible to satisfy globally within ecological constraints

• Difference between needs and wants

Human Needs

Satisfaction of needs

need Satisfier« First objective solution»

Side

effects

-

Inhibiting Satisfiers

while satisfying one need, may well hinder its satisfaction in the

future and/or impede another need from being met at the same time.

+

Synergic satisfier

While satisfying one need, allows for its satisfaction in the future

and/or of other needs at the same time

Dynamic of

change

towards

Sustainable

Societies

-

Creating

global

value

Classification of needs

• Destroyers

• Pseudo-Satisfiers

• Inhibitors

• Singular Satisfiers

• Synergic Satisfiers

Copyright © 2004 The Natural Step

Human Needs

In meeting our needs we shouldn’t undermine the capacity of others to meet their needs now or for future generations.

Tipping Points - Cause and Effect?

Mined materials

Man-made substances

Physical degradation

Social barriers

Source: International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme

NOAA

U.S

. Bu

rea

u o

f the

Ce

nsu

s

Ma

cken

zie e

t al (2

00

2)

Rich

ard

s (19

91

), WR

I (19

90

)

FAO

• Global-scale changes that affect functioning of Earth System

• Much more than climate change

• Socio-economic as well as biophysical

What is Global Change?

Vitousek (1994)

Reid &

Mille

r (1989)

We are in a funnel

Decliningresources and ecosystem services

Increasingdemand for resources and ecosystem services

Time

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Source: www.footprintnetwork.org

Earth - overshoot dayOur Impact

Territory size shows the proportion of the worldwide ecological footprint which is made there.

Source:www.worldmapper.org

Our Consumption Patterns

Social issues and Environment

Global foot print network

.Healthy productive ecosystems are the source of the materials that satisfy human needs.

Residents of countries with severe bio-capacity constraints are often among the countries with the largest human development challenges.

Linking social &environmental issues

Climate change Impact

IPCC: Impacts

The poorest of the poor in the world – and this includes poor people in prosperous societies – are going to be the worst hit. People who are poor are least able to adapt to climate change.”(Rajendra Pachauri, IPCC)

In some African countries, yields from rain-fed agriculture could be reduced by up to 20% by 2020.

Climate Change

Sustainability Development

Global foot print network

The challenge.

How, given the current situation, do we manage and allocate, today, the Earth’s resources for the survival of a projected global population of 9 to 10 billion people in 2050 – and for their offspring indefinitely?

Sustainable development

Sustainable developmentEco-footprint and HDI

System

Success

Strategy

Action

Tools

TNS Five level model

What is success in the system?

What is the system we are talking about?

How do we destroy the system?

Persistent compounds foreign to nature

Physically inhibit nature’s ability to run cycles

Large flows of materials from the Earth’s crust

Barriers to people meeting their basic needs worldwide

Copyright © 2007 The Natural Step

Copyright © 2007 The Natural Step

...concentrations of substances extracted from the Earth’s crust,

...concentrations of substances produced by society,

...degradation by physical means,

...people are not subject to conditions that systematically undermine their capacity to meet their needs.

In a sustainable society, nature is not subject to systematically increasing...

and, in that society...

System

Success

Strategy

Action

Tools

2. Success

Copyright © 2007 The Natural Step

Strategic Plannig Process

Awareness

Baseline

Creative Solutions

Decide on Priorities

Present

Future

Is it a step in the right direction?Is it a flexible platform?Is it a good return on investment?

Copyright © 2007 The Natural Step

Visioning Exercise

ADVANCED INTERNATIONAL COURSE IN LOCAL ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT IN URBAN AREAS 2009 AFRICA

1. Envision a Sustainable township in Kenya where all the basic human needs are met and people live within the 4

system Conditions.

Draw a crosse-section of the community highlight important landmarks and infrastructure.

2. What are the major stakeholders you need to involve in order to succeed.

3. What role will Civil society play in a sustianble society?

System

Customers

Community/Region

PoliticiansSuppliers

General Public

Interest Groups

Partners

Researchers & Universities

MediaSocial FactorsFor example, lifestyle, values, culture, demography, ethics, trends in media and business

Economical factorsFor example world market

prize on raw material,relative prizes, inflation,interest, unemployment

CompetitorsOwners

Co-Workers

B2 – Determine Stakeholders

Political FactorsFor example political goals, guidelines, laws, taxes,subventions for environment

Technical FactorsFor example R&D, technical systems, standards, patent,

environment and health aspects

relative prizes

Copyright © 2007 The Natural Step

Awareness Building

Three Prerequisites

• Working with the mindsets

• Empowerement

• Knowledge

ADVANCED INTERNATIONAL COURSE IN LOCAL ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT IN URBAN AREAS 2009 AFRICA

Awareness Building

ADVANCED INTERNATIONAL COURSE IN LOCAL ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT IN URBAN AREAS 2009 AFRICA

Awareness Building

ADVANCED INTERNATIONAL COURSE IN LOCAL ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT IN URBAN AREAS 2009 AFRICA

Yes + Yes-

No- No+

Awareness Building

ADVANCED INTERNATIONAL COURSE IN LOCAL ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT IN URBAN AREAS 2009 AFRICA

Yes + Yes-

No- No+

Awareness building

ADVANCED INTERNATIONAL COURSE IN LOCAL ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT IN URBAN AREAS 2009 AFRICA

NO+CONTENTMENTAdjustment. My present situation feels good enough as it is. Relaxed, effortless self-control.

Attention focused on the here & now, no marked self-reflection. in the sense of not special. Being there.

Awareness

ADVANCED INTERNATIONAL COURSE IN LOCAL ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT IN URBAN AREAS 2009 AFRICA

NO--DENIALPseudo-adjustment.

-Maintaining status quo. -Life feels empty No clear feelings -Irritation. -focused on complying with the rules

Awareness

ADVANCED INTERNATIONAL COURSE IN LOCAL ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT IN URBAN AREAS 2009 AFRICA

YES-CONFUSIONMaladjustment. Something is or feels wrong here & now

-Yes/No conflicts- A sense of unreality. -start to look for answers

Awareness

ADVANCED INTERNATIONAL COURSE IN LOCAL ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT IN URBAN AREAS 2009 AFRICA

-Creative change.-Integration. A sense of »getting it all together-I participate and observe that I am participating. -Strong feelings of community. -Self-confidence. -Energy. -Radical ideas, -a desire to make things happen.

Theory U

Seeingwith fresh eyes

Sensing from the field

Prototyping the new by linking head, heart, hand

Crystallizing vision and intention

Presencing connecting to Source

Downloadingpast patterns

Who is my Self? What is my Work?

Performing by operating from the whole

VoF

VoC

VoJ

suspending

redirecting

letting go

embodying

enacting

letting comeOpen Will

Open Heart

Open Mind

Source: Otto Scharmer

4 Levels of Listening4 Levels of Listening

Four Levels of Responding to Change1. Reacting: quick fixes

3. Reframing: values, beliefs

2. Redesigning: policies

4. Regenerating: sources of commitment and energy

Source of energy, inspiration and will

Manifest action

Thinking

Process, structure

Enpowerement

Indicators:1.Whether an opportunity to make a choice exists

(existence of choice).

2. Whether a person actually uses the opportunity to choose (use of choice).

3. Whether the choice resulted in the desired result (achievement of choice).

ADVANCED INTERNATIONAL COURSE IN LOCAL ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT IN URBAN AREAS 2009 AFRICA

Degrees of empowerment

ADVANCED INTERNATIONAL COURSE IN LOCAL ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT IN URBAN AREAS 2009 AFRICA

Domain Contributory factor Degree of Empowerment(DOE)Sub-domain macro intermediary local

state justice Asset Opportunity Structures

politics A OS

Service delivery AOS

Market credit AOS

labor

Society FamilyOS

Community A OSOS

Pretty’s typology of participation

ADVANCED INTERNATIONAL COURSE IN LOCAL ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT IN URBAN AREAS 2009 AFRICA

Passive Participation

Participation in Information giving 

Participation by consultation

Participation for material incentive

Functional Participation

Interactive Participation 

Self-Mobilisation

Civil Society

ADVANCED INTERNATIONAL COURSE IN LOCAL ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT IN URBAN AREAS 2009 AFRICA

Civil Society approaches

ADVANCED INTERNATIONAL COURSE IN LOCAL ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT IN URBAN AREAS 2009 AFRICA

1. Non Profit approach• Charitable or philanthropic activities offereing health care, social

services, education, culture• Volonteering as additional resources

2. Mutual Approach• Organised to meet shared needs of members, such as self-help

groups, cooperatives• Areas of economic importance to members such as housing, banking

3. Movement approach• social movement tradition-civil rights, advocacy and social change

4. The future…closing the gap between corporates & Civil society through social enterprises