acids and bases the ph scale acids ► acids are chemicals that release hydrogen. the faster a...

Acids And BasesAcids And Bases

The pH ScaleThe pH Scale

AcidsAcids► Acids are chemicals that Acids are chemicals that

release hydrogen.release hydrogen. The faster a chemical The faster a chemical

releases hydrogen, the releases hydrogen, the more acidic the chemical more acidic the chemical is.is.► Strength in an acid does Strength in an acid does

not refer to how well it not refer to how well it melts something that is melts something that is called corrosive. called corrosive.

► Strength refers to how Strength refers to how easily a hydrogen is easily a hydrogen is released.released.

► Hydrofluoric Acid will Hydrofluoric Acid will seep into your bones, it seep into your bones, it takes hours, it will liquefy takes hours, it will liquefy them and the destroy the them and the destroy the surrounding tissue.surrounding tissue.

It can also liquefy glass.It can also liquefy glass.

Not all acids are bad, they won’t Not all acids are bad, they won’t all destroy or melt your skin.all destroy or melt your skin.

► Egg yolks, Egg yolks, coffee, coffee, orange juice, orange juice, vinegar, vinegar, soda, lemon soda, lemon juice.juice.

Properties of AcidsProperties of Acids

► Taste sour. Taste sour. Think vinegar or lemon juice.Think vinegar or lemon juice.

► Reach with certain metals (Zn, Fe, etc.) Reach with certain metals (Zn, Fe, etc.) to produce hydrogen gas. to produce hydrogen gas.

Hydrogen gas is explosive, yeah!!Hydrogen gas is explosive, yeah!!

► React with bases to form salts and React with bases to form salts and water. water.

BasesBases

► A substance that A substance that produces OH groups. produces OH groups.

► The more OH Groups The more OH Groups the more basic the the more basic the chemical becomes.chemical becomes. Bases instead of being Bases instead of being

called corrosive are called corrosive are called caustic, it called caustic, it means the same thing, means the same thing, it can make you melt, it can make you melt, ewwh.ewwh.

Not all Bases Not all Bases are bad.are bad.

► Cabbage, carrots, Cabbage, carrots, almonds, apples, almonds, apples, celery, lettuce green celery, lettuce green tea, olive oil, tea, olive oil, broccoli, spinach.broccoli, spinach.

Properties of BasesProperties of Bases

►Taste bitterTaste bitter

►Feel slippery or soapy Feel slippery or soapy

►React with oils and grease React with oils and grease

►React with acids to form salts and React with acids to form salts and water water

pH scale is simplepH scale is simple

►0 – 6.9 = Acid0 – 6.9 = Acid►7.0 = Neutral7.0 = Neutral►7.1 – 14 = Base7.1 – 14 = Base

► If you compare two acids and one acid is If you compare two acids and one acid is a 3 on the pH scale and the other acid is a 3 on the pH scale and the other acid is a 4 on the pH scale, then the acid with a a 4 on the pH scale, then the acid with a rating of a 3 is 10X stronger then the pH rating of a 3 is 10X stronger then the pH of 4.of 4. A ph of 2 is 100X stronger acid then a 3.A ph of 2 is 100X stronger acid then a 3.

So think about this?So think about this?

►How much stronger is an How much stronger is an acid that has a pH of 1 acid that has a pH of 1 compared to an acid compared to an acid with a pH of 3?with a pH of 3?

►How much stronger is a How much stronger is a base that has a pH of a base that has a pH of a 11 compared to a base 11 compared to a base with a pH of a 8?with a pH of a 8?

Fairy Princess Street says,Fairy Princess Street says,

““You can use any acid You can use any acid you want but you you want but you can’t burn off my can’t burn off my arm hair!”arm hair!”