activity theory in student peer support
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Dave TwisletonDave Twisleton
Employing Activity TheoryEmploying Activity Theoryto investigateto investigate
self support for studentsself support for students
About MeAbout Me
Social SciencesSocial Sciences
19981998
Computer ScienceComputer Science
Technical SupportTechnical Support
20082008
MenuMenu Activity theory overviewActivity theory overview
Relevance to my researchRelevance to my research Analysis methodAnalysis method
AODM (Mwanza 2002)AODM (Mwanza 2002) ValueValue
StatusStatus Follow onFollow on
Activity TheoryActivity Theory
Subject ObjectSubject Object
Activity TheoryActivity Theory
Subject ObjectSubject Object
Mediating ToolMediating Tool
Activity TheoryActivity Theory
Subject ObjectSubject Object
Mediating ToolMediating Tool
CommunityCommunity
Activity TheoryActivity Theory
ApplicationApplication
Technical Support documentsTechnical Support documents
Problem classesProblem classes
Student initiated wikisStudent initiated wikis
Facebook groupsFacebook groups
Activity Oriented Activity Oriented Design MethodDesign Method
Mwanza 2002Mwanza 2002 Conceptualising an activity systemConceptualising an activity system
Eight-Step-Model Eight-Step-Model Activity Notation Activity Notation Method for generating research questionsMethod for generating research questions Technique for mapping the activity Technique for mapping the activity
system.system.
Data GatheringData Gathering
Student yearStudent year
Technical Support toolsTechnical Support tools
Typical problemsTypical problems
Formal / informal groupsFormal / informal groups
Eight Step ModelEight Step ModelIdentify the: - Question to Ask
Step 1Step 1 Activity of interestActivity of interest What sort of activity am I interested in?What sort of activity am I interested in?
Step 2Step 2 Objective Objective Why is the activity taking place?Why is the activity taking place?
Step 3Step 3 Subjects Subjects Who is involved in carrying out this activity?Who is involved in carrying out this activity?
Step 4Step 4 ToolsTools By what means are the subjects performingBy what means are the subjects performingthis activity?this activity?
Step 5Step 5Rules and Rules and
RegulationsRegulations
Are there any cultural norms, rules or Are there any cultural norms, rules or regulations governing the performance of thisregulations governing the performance of thisactivity?activity?
Step 6Step 6 Division of labourDivision of labour Who is responsible for what, when carrying outWho is responsible for what, when carrying outthis activity and how are the roles organised?this activity and how are the roles organised?
Step 7Step 7 CommunityCommunity What is the environment in which this activityWhat is the environment in which this activityis carried out?is carried out?
Step 8Step 8 OutcomeOutcome What is the desired Outcome from carrying outWhat is the desired Outcome from carrying outthis activity?this activity?
Activity NotationActivity Notation
Actors (Doers)
Mediator Object-ive(Purpose)
SubjectsSubjects ToolsTools ObjectObject
SubjectsSubjects RulesRules ObjectObject
SubjectsSubjects Division of LabourDivision of Labour ObjectObject
CommunityCommunity ToolsTools ObjectObject
CommunityCommunity RulesRules ObjectObject
CommunityCommunity Division of LabourDivision of Labour ObjectObject
Generating QuestionsGenerating Questions6 General Questions:
•What Rules affect the way the Subjects achieve the Objective and how?
•How does the Division of Labour influence the way the Subjects satisfy their Objective?
•What Tools do the Subjects use to achieve their Objective and how?
•How do the Tools in use affect the way the Community achieves the Objective?
•What Rules affect the way the Community satisfies their Objective and how?
•How does the Division of Labour affect the way the Community achieves the Objective?
Generating Specific Generating Specific QuestionsQuestions
Eureka!Eureka!
http://www.lifewithalacrity.com/2004/03/the_http://www.lifewithalacrity.com/2004/03/the_dunbar_numb.htmldunbar_numb.html
http://www.forrester.com/Groundswell/profilhttp://www.forrester.com/Groundswell/profile_tool.htmle_tool.html
http://www.kottke.org/08/12/does-the-brokehttp://www.kottke.org/08/12/does-the-broken-windows-theory-hold-onlinen-windows-theory-hold-online
http://www.pewinternet.org/http://www.pewinternet.org/
Next stepNext step
Specific questionsSpecific questions
Different groupsDifferent groups
Focus groups?Focus groups?
Follow onFollow on
New support tools – Wiki?New support tools – Wiki?
Rules & guidelines for usage Rules & guidelines for usage developed with students developed with students
Work with tutors to improve Work with tutors to improve problem classesproblem classes
BibliographyBibliography Mwanza, D. (2002) “Towards an Activity-Oriented Design
Method for HCI Research and Practice.” PhD Thesis - The Open University, United Kingdom.
Ackerman, M. S. (1994). Augmenting the organizational memory: A field study of answer garden. Proceedings of the CSCW’94 Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work, 243–252. New York: ACM.
Becker, Howard (1958). “Problems of Inference and Proof in Participant Observation.” American Sociological Review, Vol. 23, No. 6 (Dec, 1958), 652-660.
Nardi, B.A. (1996) Context and consciousness: activity theory and human-computer interaction / edited by Bonnie A. Nardi. Cambridge, Mass.; London : MIT Press
Linda L Briggs, "The Power of Wikis in Higher Ed," Campus Technology, 20/8/2008, http://www.campustechnology.com/article.aspx?aid=66505
Yahoo Design Patterns: http://developer.yahoo.com/ypatterns/
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