body systems organization
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Levels of Organization
Mrs. McCabe
04/08Adapted from Joe Krupens, Standley Middle School
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Division of Labor &
The First Level
Within multi-cellular organisms there is division of labor.
Division of labor means that the work (labor) of keeping the
organism alive is divided (division) among the different partsof the body. Each part has a job to do and as each part does its
special job, it works in harmony with all the other parts.
The arrangement of specialized parts within a living thing issometimes referred to as levels of organization. Cells of course,
are the first level of organization.
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Cells: LOTS ofDifferent Kinds!Here are two examples. Can you guess what kind?
Nerve Cells Skin Cells
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Second Level: Tissues
There are four basic/major types of tissues in the human body:
Muscle tissue, nerve tissue, connective tissue, and epithelial
tissue. (There are other kinds of tissues besides these.) Other kinds of tissueinclude bone tissue (a strong solid tissue that gives you shape and support)
made of bone cells in your body form bone tissue. Blood cells in your body are
part of blood tissue, a liquid tissue responsible for transporting food and
oxygen throughout the body.
In any multi-cellular organism, cells rarely work alone. Cells that
are similar in structure and function are usually joined
together to form tissues. Tissues are the second level of
organization.
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Lets Look Again
Here are the cells we saw before, but if you look closely, you can
see that they all look similar. Nerve cells working together make
nerve tissue, and skin cells make up a special type of epithelial
tissue.
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Taken One At A Time.
Connective tissue connectsand supports parts of the
body. Blood, fat, ligaments,
cartilage, bones, and
tendons are all connective
tissues.
Nerve tissue carries messagesback and forth between the
brain and every other part of
the body. The brain, spinal
cord, and nerves are made up
of nerve tissue.
Epithelial tissue covers and lines
the surfaces of your body and
organs, inside and out. Theyprimarily serve as protective
barriers. Skin is one example.
Muscle tissue can contract, or
shorten. Because of this,
muscle tissue makes parts ofyour body move.
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Level Three: OrgansWhen a bunch of different types of tissues work together,
they form an organ. There are many organs in the body.
How many can you name??
GET IT????
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Level Four: Organ Systems
Each organ in your body ispart of an organ system, a
group of organs that work
together to perform a major
function.
For example, yourheart is
part of your circulatory
system, which carries oxygen
and other materialsthroughout your body.
Besides the heart, blood
vessels are organs that work
in your circulatory system.
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The nervous system detects and
interprets information from the
environment outside the body and
from within the body; controlsmost body functions.
The immune system fights
disease.
The excretory system removes
wastes.
The endocrine system
controls many body processes
by means of chemicals, like
hormones.
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The muscular system enables thebody to move; moves food
through the digestive system, and
keeps the heart beating.
The skeletal system supports and
protects the body, and works with
the muscular system to allow
movement; makes and storesblood cells and stores some other
materials.
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The digestive system takes food
into the body, breaks the fooddown into smaller particles, and
absorbs the digested materials.
The respiratory system takes
oxygen into the body and
eliminates carbon dioxide.
The reproductive system
produces sex cells that canunite with other sex cells to
create offspring; controls male
and female characteristics.
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Lets Review. 1st Level: Cells working together form
4th Level: Organ Systems, which worktogether to form
2nd
Level: Tissues, which can form
3rd Level: Organs, which work together to
form
5th Level: Organisms!
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