community based tropical forest wanagama, global rce conference

SUCCESS STORY OF

CRITICAL LAND REHABILITATION

WANAGAMA EDUCATION FOREST

(Wanagama 1)

WANAGAMAWana : Forest Gama : Universitas Gadjah Mada

: Wana & Gama

A forest managed by Faculty of Forestry, Universitas Gadjah Mada

The Objectives1. To provide a place for Faculty of Forestry

lecturers and students to carry out three-part of functions: teaching, extension and research

2. To conduct outreach programs for college students, primary and high school students as well as individuals interested in learning about forest and environment

Forest area in Wanagama was critical - bareland (no tree vegetation) - soil was severely eroded (scarce soils between rocks)

Background

Challenge for Prof. Oemi Haniin to conduct rehabilitation

Rehabilitatation constrain:• Physical Constrain:

• Social Constrain:

1. soil condition2. climate3. topography

1. poor people2. less education3. depend on forest

(long dry season)

Wood for houses

Villagers use forest resources to meet

their needs

Fodder for cattle

Firewood for cooking

Establishment of Morus sp plantation and cultivation of Bombix mori (silk-worm) to

financing rehabilitation program in Wanagama 1 House of Bombix mori

cultivation in Wanagama 1

Cocoon production

Financial Constrain

2. Technical Approach• Terracing• Dung

application

1. Social Approach

REHABILITATION STRATEGY

Soil development3. Biological Approach

Vegetation succession

• Pioneer Legumes

• Extension• Allowing benefits Fodder, firewood,

crops, wages

Extension & Extension & ZakatZakat

1. Social Approach

• Traditional ceremony Leather puppet “Merti desa”

- Extension

• Religious event Eid Mubarok Zakat

“Merti desa” is a ceremony to warship God for successful farming

Social approaches ……. (continued)

- Firewood: dead twigs and branches

- Labor

- Fodder Dung and manures returned to forest

- Terrace construction- Seed collection- Nursery activities- Etc.

Social approaches ……. (continued)

Agroforestry system- Grow crops

Alley cropping Trees along border

2. Technical approaches

Dung application Terracing

• Terracing• Dung

application

Acacia villosa Gliricidia sepium

Planting pioneer vegetation (Acacia villosa, Gliricidia sepium and Leucaena leucocephala)

3. Biological approach

- Soil development - Micro environment improvementVegetation succession

Pioneer vegetation played important roles in the early establishment of Wanagama 1

Leucaena leucocepkala

Multi purpose tree

- Started in 1964/1966- In 10 ha area at compartment 5- From a bare-land

Rehabilitation in Wanagama 1

Five spirits / commitments to

develop Wanagama: Spirits of Hard Work, Smart Work, Sincere Work, Collaboration Work and Total Work

Base camp Survey location

Early condition of Wanagama 1

Leucaena, 1972 Teak, 1972

, 1973

Forest condition at early establishment (1972-1973)

Area Area DevelopmentDevelopment 1964 -1968 (Compartment 5, size: 10 ha)1964 -1968 (Compartment 5, size: 10 ha) 1968 -1983 (Compartment 5, size: 79,9 ha)1968 -1983 (Compartment 5, size: 79,9 ha) 1983 - present (8 compartments, total area 1983 - present (8 compartments, total area

600 ha)600 ha) Compartment 5 : 79,9 haCompartment 5 : 79,9 ha 6 : 51,3 ha 6 : 51,3 ha 7 : 77,7 ha 7 : 77,7 ha 13 : 88,1 ha13 : 88,1 ha 14 : 90,7 ha 14 : 90,7 ha 16 : 72,0 ha16 : 72,0 ha 17 : 64,0 ha17 : 64,0 ha 18 : 76,2 ha 18 : 76,2 ha

600 ha

Map of Wanagama 1 :

Wanagama at the present timeWanagama at the present time . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Planted in 1969

I. Grass & pioneer legume speciesI. Grass & pioneer legume species Vegetation Succession in Vegetation Succession in WanagamaWanagama

II. Species trials of more commercial II. Species trials of more commercial trees trees III. Commercial plantationIII. Commercial plantation

Intensive Silviculture Intensive Silviculture of Teakof Teak

Jati Mega Wanagama

Services in Wanagama 1

Facilities:

DormitoryDormitoryDining roomDining room

HallHallClass roomClass room

MosqueMosque

Wanagama as a Center for Forestry education and Training

Wanagama as demonstration plots Wanagama as demonstration plots for genetic and silvicultural trialsfor genetic and silvicultural trials

Tectona grandis

Intensive Silviculture of Tectona grandis- Improved planting material- planting distance- planting hole- fertilization- pruning, etc

Progeny test of E. pellita

Ex-situ conservation of endangered tree species

Sandal wood (Santalum album) introduced in 1968

Ebony (Dyospiros celebica) introduced in

1996

Wanagama as objects for agroforestry research

Trees along border Alley planting (taungya)

Wanagama as objects for environment education and eco-tourism

Natural regeneration & growth of various trees: Podocarpus, Mahogany, Santalum album, Eboni, Legaran, Delonix, etc

Natural breed of fauna, such as birds, deers, lizard (biawak), snakes, etc

Waterfall & springs

Wanagama Outbond

Impact following success story of Wanagama 1

Community forest develop in Gunung Kidul (2012)

- Community forest: 35.400,7 Ha

State own forest: 13.000 Ha

Teak surrounding the houses and along path side

Local wood industry develop

Furniture Handy craft

Grass collection from Wanagama forest area

175175 xx pe per day r day average average 26 kg 26 kg / / personperson

On footOn foot BikeBike (onthel) (onthel)

MMotorotor bike bikeCarCar

4.550 4.550 kgkg (4,55 ton) / (4,55 ton) / dayday

Cattle farming (cows) develop