ed457 tokeneconomy
Post on 25-May-2015
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Define Token Economy Understand steps/components of the
methodIdentify Advantages and Disadvantages of
Token EconomyDescribe 3 studies that supports the
effectiveness of the method
It is a system of exchange in which the individual earns tokens, as reinforces and exchanges them for tangible and social reinforces
Token Program involves distribution of tokens
Tokens can be stickers, stars, smiley face, fake money, etc.
Tokens can be accumulated throughout the day and exchanged at a later time
Tokens are flexibleTokens can be used for several needsThere is no delay giving tokens after the
desired behavior has been shownIt does not matter who gives the tokensIt can be consistently applied by multiple
teachers in multiple settingsPrevent Boredom
Takes a lot of preparation and tracking of the behavior, tokens, and rewards.
Not everyone will respond to token system.
Once the system is implemented in one class, it may not followed through
Parental follow through does not always occur
Can lead to dependency
Maybe easily abusedCan be expensiveRequire organization
and structure
11 Basic Rules when establishing Token Economy
Select the Target Behavior
Present the target behavior
Post the Rules and Review it frequently
Select a token Establish Reinforcers
which the tokens can be exchanged
Develop a reward menu
Implement the token economy
Provide immediate reinforcement for acceptable behavior
Gradually change from continuous to variable schedule of reinforcers
Provide Time for child to exchange token
Revise the reward menu frequently.
The token system has been the most widely researched and validated behavioral intervention in the schools. A token is given when a desired behavior is displayed.
(According to McLaughlin & Williams (1988), Swain & McLaughlin (1998)
Purpose of this investigation was to determine if a token reinforcement program could decrease three inappropriate behaviors (out of seat, talking out, and poor posture) of an elementary student with learning disabilities.
The effects of the token program were examined using a multiple baseline design across behaviors. The results indicated that awarding tokens for the absence of the three target behaviors was an effective procedure.
Study investigated the effect of social and token economy reinforcements on academic achievement of ten, 9th grade boys with Intellectual disabilities in three junior high school.
Age range from 13-17 and their IQ was between 60-70 were randomly selected. Each assigned in one of the three groups: Token Economy, Social reinforcements and control group.
Used a teacher-made test and the Wechsler Intelligence test
Token Economy and social reinforcements increase the academic achievement of students with ID.
Results:Token economy and social reinforcements
increased the academic achievement of student with ID
Token economy reinforcements even resulted in an increase in academic achievement than the social reinforcements
A study examined the effectiveness of a combined token economy and self-monitoring package for a 13 year-old male displaying a major mental illness and severe aggressive and persistent disruptive behavior.
Diagnosis of Bipolar Disorder and Conduct Disorder
The student received points for lower rates of aggressive/disruptive behavior and ‘bonus’ points for accurately self-monitoring and recording his own behaviors.
Results:
The results replicated previous research on the effectiveness of token economy in reducing minor, disruptive and aggressive classroom behaviors.
Retrieved on 7/12/12 from http://educ6725group2.wikispaces.com/file/view/Token+Economy+Plus+Self-Monitoring+to+Reduce+Disruptive+Classroom+Behaviors.pdf
VideoABA – Token Economy Example
Activity Reward!!!
SummaryToken economy involves distribution of tokens
which can be accumulated and exchanged for a reward.
Research Bases data has shown Token Economy is an effective method in decreasing undesirable behaviors.
The Token Cycle is a four step process: Identifying the undesirable behavior, the child displays the desirable behavior and is given a token.
Establish a plan, preparing, and executing is crucial for a successful plan for the child.
Walker, J.E. Shea, T.M. & Bauer A.M. (2007). Behavior Management: A practical approach for educators (9th ed.). Columbus, OH: Pearson
Case 1 (According to McLaughlin & Williams (1988), Swain & McLaughlin
(1998) Case 2
Mirzamani, Ashoori, Sereshki (2011)Retrieved on 7/12/12 fromhttp://www.sid.ir/en/VEWSSID/J_pdf/109520110105
Case 3 Retrieved on 7/12/12 from
http://educ6725group2.wikispaces.com/file/view/Token+Economy+Plus+Self-Monitoring+to+Reduce+Disruptive+Classroom+Behaviors.pdf
YouTube. Retrieved on July 11, 2012 from: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ybIr6NCfA2U
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