free and open source gis

Open Source Software forGeographic informationstystem (GIS)Jachym Cepicky

• Help Service - Remote Sensing• http://bnhelp.cz

FOSS GIS

Jachym Cepicky, jachym@hsrs.cz

• Help Service - Remote Sensing s.r.o.• Member of GRASS GIS

http://grass.osge.org development team• Founder and developer of PyWPS

http://pywps.wald.intevation.org

FOSS GIS

Jachym Cepicky, jachym@hsrs.cz

GIS - "Maps in the computer"GIS is a system designed to capture, store, manipulate,analyze, manage, and present all types of geographical

data.

FOSS GIS

Jachym Cepicky, jachym@hsrs.cz

Standards and formats of geo-datanad data transfareTwo types of geodata representation is used raster avector

FOSS GIS

Jachym Cepicky, jachym@hsrs.cz

Rastersuitable for description of data with continuous change(digital elevation model, temperatures, ...) - datawithout clear borders

JPEG, GeoTIFF (TIFF, PNG, GIF, MrSid, ...), databases(Oracle-spatial, PostGIS, ...)

FOSS GIS

Jachym Cepicky, jachym@hsrs.cz

Vectorsuitable for descriptio of discrete types of data (streets,parcels, sensors, ...)

ESRI Shapefile, GML, KML, GPX, ..., databases(Oracle-spatial, PostGIS, Spatial-lite, couch-db, ...)

FOSS GIS

Jachym Cepicky, jachym@hsrs.cz

Standards for data transfer

• Geodata do usually have big volumes (n*GB)(example aerial photos

digital elevation model, cadaster data, ...), butsmall volumes as well (GPS track in GPX).

• Data can be often updated data (sensor position -car tracking)

or sometimes updated (aerial photos).• For their transfer, media with large capacity must be

used (no problem nowadays).• Widely accepted standards for data transfer across

computer networks (internet) are defined: OGC OpenWeb Services

FOSS GIS

Jachym Cepicky, jachym@hsrs.cz

Open Geospatial Consortium

• OGC: http://opengeospatial.org• Open standards for GIS• Payed mambership• OGC Open Web Services (OWS)

FOSS GIS

Jachym Cepicky, jachym@hsrs.cz

OGC Open Web ServicesTask:

Transfer data from the server to the clientClient:

Web browser, desktop program, mobile device, robot, ...Types of geodata

• Raster• Vector• Image• ...

FOSS GIS

Jachym Cepicky, jachym@hsrs.cz

All standards do share

• They are XML-based• GetCapabilites request - returns back document

with service metadata description

FOSS GIS

Jachym Cepicky, jachym@hsrs.cz

OGC Web Map ServiceWith help of OGC WMS, server and client will "agree" onimage - the map - which client wants to get and server isable to provide. Some request parameters:

FOSS GIS

Jachym Cepicky, jachym@hsrs.cz

• service - WMS• request - GetMap• version - 1.3.0• layers - forest,traffic• bbox - 49,15,51,17• crs - EPSG:4326• width - 800• height - 600• format - image/png

http://gis.bnhelp.cz/ows/crtopo?service=wms&request=getmap&version=1.3.0&layers=les,doprava&bbox=49,15,51,17&crs=EPSG:4326&width=800&height=600&format=image/pngIn this case (WMS), no geodata are returned back - justtheir "picture".

FOSS GIS

Jachym Cepicky, jachym@hsrs.cz

OGC Web Feature ServiceWith help of OGC WFS standard, raw vector data in definedencoding are returned back. There is also WFS-T variant,which enables direct data manipulation on the server(vector data editing).

• service - WFS• request - GetFeature• typename - NUTS1• version - 1.1.0

http://gis.bnhelp.cz/ows/crwfs?service=wfs&request=getfeature&typename=okresy&version=1.1.0Server returns back real data

FOSS GIS

Jachym Cepicky, jachym@hsrs.cz

OGC Web Coverage ServiceWith help of OGC WCS raster geodata are transfered - aerialphotos, digital elevation model, multi-band satelite images,...

• service - WCS• version - 1.0.0• request - getcoverage• coverage -

OMAERUVd:FinalAerosolAbsOpticalDepth500• crs - epsg:4326• bbox - 14,49,17,51• heigh - 600• width - 800

FOSS GIS

Jachym Cepicky, jachym@hsrs.cz

http://acdisc.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/daac-bin/wcsL3?service=WCS&version=1.0.0&request=getcoverage&coverage=OMAERUVd:FinalAerosolAbsOpticalDepth500&crs=epsg:4326&bbox=14,49,17,51&heigh=600&width=800&format=netCDFServer sends back to the client real raster data

FOSS GIS

Jachym Cepicky, jachym@hsrs.cz

OGC OWS Conclusion

• http://opengeospatial.org/standards• OGC WMS - maps• OGC WCS - rasters• OGC WFS - vectors• OGC WPS - processes, calculations• OGC SOS - sensors• OGC CS-W - metadata• GML, KML,• SLD• Simple Feature• ...

FOSS GIS

Jachym Cepicky, jachym@hsrs.cz

Infrastructure for SpatialInformation in the EuropeanCommunity - INSPIRE

• INSPIRE (INfrastructure for SPatial InfoRmation inEurope)

• http://inspire.gov.cz/• EU Comission initiative, directive 2007/2/EC• Build common European spatial data infrastracture

FOSS GIS

Jachym Cepicky, jachym@hsrs.cz

• Geodata harmonisation

• Coordinate reference systems• Cadaster maps• Thematic data (geology, land planning,

pedology, ...)• Building of national geoportals, which will work as

central point of data search across all state institutionsand communication point to the European geoportal.

• Metadata

FOSS GIS

Jachym Cepicky, jachym@hsrs.cz

FOSS GIS

Jachym Cepicky, jachym@hsrs.cz

FOSS GIS

Jachym Cepicky, jachym@hsrs.cz

• INSPIRE builds on top of OGC standards

• Download Service - WCS, WFS• View Service - WMS• Transformation Service• Discovery - CS-W

FOSS GIS

Jachym Cepicky, jachym@hsrs.cz

What does it mean to Open Source?• Using Open Source programs, we have to make sure,

they are supporting OGC Standards.• We have to make also sure, INSPIRE directive can be

done with help of those tools

FOSS GIS

Jachym Cepicky, jachym@hsrs.cz

GIS on the desktop: Data, analysis,cartography

• Programs are running on user's desktop• Usually, they have some analytical modules with

algorithms for complex data analysis: Weathermodelling, flood wave spread, digital elevation modelinterpolation, isolines derivation, shortest pathcalculations, ...

• Data and GIS it self are on the same computer

FOSS GIS

Jachym Cepicky, jachym@hsrs.cz

QGIS

FOSS GIS

Jachym Cepicky, jachym@hsrs.cz

• http://qgis.org• geodata viewer + some analytical functions (also GUI to

GRASS GIS)• Windows, Linux (UNIX), MacOS

• Usage of QGIS in public administration:http://qgis.org/en/community/qgis-case-studies.html

• QGIS in the governmental FOSSGIS stack ofthe Canton of Solothurn in Switzerland

• QGIS - an interesting instrument for forestryplanning concepts at local and regional levelin Switzerland

• QGIS and GRASS in Local Government BushfireHazard Mapping

FOSS GIS

Jachym Cepicky, jachym@hsrs.cz

• Using a free GIS at Jaime Moniz SecondarySchool: Quantum GIS

• The use of QGIS in the Geodata Infrastructureof the City of Uster

• City Munich Open Source software transfer -used QGIS

FOSS GIS

Jachym Cepicky, jachym@hsrs.cz

FOSS GIS

Jachym Cepicky, jachym@hsrs.cz

GRASS GIS

FOSS GIS

Jachym Cepicky, jachym@hsrs.cz

FOSS GIS

Jachym Cepicky, jachym@hsrs.cz

FOSS GIS

Jachym Cepicky, jachym@hsrs.cz

• http://grass.osgeo.org• Since 1982, US Army, Cerl• Heavy analytical tool• GUI build on top of command line interface• Windows, Linux, MacOS• Special features : 3D rasters, 3D vectors, time• Great possibility of process automatization - scripting

with various languages (Python)

FOSS GIS

Jachym Cepicky, jachym@hsrs.cz

FOSS GIS

Jachym Cepicky, jachym@hsrs.cz

FOSS GIS

Jachym Cepicky, jachym@hsrs.cz

OpenJUMP, gvSIG, uDigOpenJUMP

• Java• Geodata viewer• http://openjump.org

gvSIG

• Founded by Spanish government• Geodata viewer• http://gvsig.org

uDig

FOSS GIS

Jachym Cepicky, jachym@hsrs.cz

• Build on top of GeoTools - Java• Geodata viewer• http://udig.refractions.net/

FOSS GIS

Jachym Cepicky, jachym@hsrs.cz

LibrariesGDAL http://gdal.org

Transformation between various vector and raster dataformats

Proj4 http://trac.osgeo.org/proj/Coordinates transformation between various coordinatereference systems

R http://r-project.orgStatistical software

...

FOSS GIS

Jachym Cepicky, jachym@hsrs.cz

GIS on the server: Mappingservices, data servicesServer programs for data analysis and creation of mapimages. They also serve geodata requested by the client.PostGIS

• PostgreSQL extension• Deals with data (rasters, vectors) stored in

database (not in files).• Analytical functions• http://postgis.org/

Spatial-lite, CouchDB, ...

• No-SQL database

FOSS GIS

Jachym Cepicky, jachym@hsrs.cz

MapServer

• http://mapserver.org• Originally developed with NASA• Advanced cartographic output• Still the fastest mapping server (FOSS4G-Denver

2011)• Most used OS GIS software v Czech (COSMC, FMI,

Liberec region, NP Šumava, ...)GeoServer

• Java• http://geoserver.org• Popular server implementing OGC standards• Most used in "java world"

FOSS GIS

Jachym Cepicky, jachym@hsrs.cz

DeeGree

• java• http://deegree.org• Popular in Germany (Bonn)• Implementing OGC Standards

FOSS GIS

Jachym Cepicky, jachym@hsrs.cz

GIS on the web: mappingapplications, geoportals

• Web browser: platform for work with geodata• The platform is not quite ideal:

• Data size• Data formats• Depending on the users computer (size of RAM,

processor speed, ...)• Various support of web standards (HTML (5),

JavaScript, CSS, ...)

FOSS GIS

Jachym Cepicky, jachym@hsrs.cz

• Web formats of raster data: PNG, JPEG, GIF vs. GeoTiff• Vector data: XML, Text vs. ESRI Shapefile (binary, 3

files)• Capabilities of displaying vector data: SVG (standard),

VML

FOSS GIS

Jachym Cepicky, jachym@hsrs.cz

OpenLayers

• JavaScript library for building of map applications• Supports various raster (WMS, Tiles, ESRI, Google,

Yahoo, ...)• and vector (GML, WFS, GPX, KML, Text, ...) data formats• Transformation of data between coordinate reference

systems• Ready for devices with touch screen• http://openlayers.org

FOSS GIS

Jachym Cepicky, jachym@hsrs.cz

Projects building on top of OpenLayers

• GeoExt http://geoext.org• HSLayers http://hslayers.org

Examples of OpenLayers usage:

FOSS GIS

Jachym Cepicky, jachym@hsrs.cz

• ČUZK• National INSPIRE Geoportal• EU INSPIRE Geoportál• ...

FOSS GIS

Jachym Cepicky, jachym@hsrs.cz

HSLayers

• http://hslayers.org• OpenLayers (http://openlayers.org) + ExtJS

(http://sencha.org)• JavaScript library building of web mapping applications• INSPIRE• Czech national INSPIRE Geoportal

FOSS GIS

Jachym Cepicky, jachym@hsrs.cz

FOSS GIS

Jachym Cepicky, jachym@hsrs.cz

Leaflet

• http://leaflet.cloudmade.com/• Light JavaScript library (compared to OpenLayers)• Supports smaller amount of data formats• Supports only "google" (mercator) coordinate reference

system

FOSS GIS

Jachym Cepicky, jachym@hsrs.cz

Data for GIS• Open data standards• Free available data• OpenStreetMap http://openstreetmap.org• Many project are going from closed source solution to

open source: Google -> OpenStreetMap (Apple,Foursquare, ...) - what about OSEPA?

FOSS GIS

Jachym Cepicky, jachym@hsrs.cz

FOSS GIS

Jachym Cepicky, jachym@hsrs.cz

FOSS4G-CEE• Free and Open Source Software for Geospatial in

Central and East Europe• Prague, 21.5. - 23.5.• http://foss4g-cee.org•  

FOSS GIS

Jachym Cepicky, jachym@hsrs.cz

Conclusion• Open Source Geospatial software is already used in

public administration• There are old mature projects, supporting latest

standards• It does implement standards faster then closed-source

tools (thanks to (among others) faster release process)• Development is founded by private companies or public

administration (QGIS, MapServer, GRASS GIS)

FOSS GIS

Jachym Cepicky, jachym@hsrs.cz

Thank youjachym@hsrs.czhttp://bnhelp.cz

FOSS GIS

Jachym Cepicky, jachym@hsrs.cz