kashmir conflict continuation of india-pakistan conflict 1947: post-independence –2/3 muslim...
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KASHMIR Conflict• Continuation of India-Pakistan
Conflict• 1947: Post-Independence
– 2/3 Muslim– 1/3 Hindu– Maharaja of Kashmir was Hindu
• Chose to stay part of India
• WATER is main issue• Threat of NUCLEAR WAR
– UN involvement
• Pakistan blames Indian army• India blames Pakistani terrorism
Women in India• Traditional gender roles:
– esp. middle class women– Indian mythology idolizes motherhood– Working women still expected to do
housework
• Marriages traditionally arranged– Today couples have more say– Newspaper/internet ads– Dowries sometimes to groom’s family– Brides family pays for wedding– Typically moves in with groom’s family
• Bottom of family hierarchy• Must listen to mother-in-law• Status rises once a son is born
Women Rituals• Bonula:
– Andhra Pradesh region– Women carry a series of pots filled
with specific foods to take to temple for the Mother Goddess (fertility rite)
• Henna:– Hand and feet decorations for
weddings
• Diwali (festival of lights)– Oil lamps lit everywhere– Special meals– Mother Earth sent light as a symbol
of her sacrifice when her tyrant son was killed
BOLLYWOOD• India’s movie industry• Mix of Bombay and Hollywood
– Mumbai (formerly Bombay)
• Over 1000 movies a year – Hollywood 600
• Why Popular?– Culturally appealing – HUGE international audience– Wholesome– Musicals are popular
• Popular films:– Bride and Prejudice– Monsoon Wedding– Lagaan
Bollywood• Themes and characteristics:
– Romance/Love conquers all
– Romeo & Juliet like (why?)
– Impossible dreams
– Exotic locations
– Multiple costumes
– Extravagant and melodramatic
– India-Pakistan conflict• Loss of family/home
– Avoids sexual content• Dance scenes
Famous Bollywood actors
Aishwarya Rai
Shah Rukh KhanDirector: Yash Chopra
Amir Khan
Conflict in SRI LANKA• Tamil-Sinhalese Conflict
– post-colonial conflict
• Sinhalese (language)– majority (74% pop.)– control gov’t
• better land• gov’t preference• university preference
– Buddhist
• Tamils (language)– Minority (18% pop.)– Hindu
• Mid-1980s:– Pogroms against Tamils erupted
Tamil-Sinhalese Conflict• 1987-89 Civil War• Tamil Tigers (LTTE)
– Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam– guerilla warfare– 1989: mini-state i/t north
• JVP (People Liberation Front)– Janatha Virmukthi Peramuna– Sinhala militia that fought the Sri Lankan Army
• Communists
• Sri Lankan Army– created “secret death squads” against JVP and LTTE
members
• Indians– Indian Peace Keeping Force (IPKF)– captured LTTE headquarters– 1991: RAJIV GANDHI assassinated
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