kingdom animalia. types of symmetry radial bilateral asymmetrical – no symmetry

Kingdom Animalia

Types of Symmetry

RadialBilateral

Asymmetrical – No symmetry

Phylum Porifera

• Pore bearing

Phylum Porifera

• Pore bearing• Asymmetrical• Sessile• Skeleton made

of Spicules or Spongin

SpiculesSpiculesMade of CaCOMade of CaCO33

SpiculesSpiculesMade of SiOMade of SiO22

Deep sea sponge called “glass sponge”

Spongin – protein fibers

Phylum Porifera

• Pore bearing• Asymmetrical• Sessile• Spicules or

Spongin

• Filter feeder

Collar Cells – Ingest food, move waterSpicules – Structure & DefensePore – Allows water inFlagella – Moves waterOsculum – excurrent opening

Collar cells

Phylum Porifera

• Pore bearing• Asymmetrical• Sessile • Spicules or Spongin• Filter feeder• Aggregation of

specialized cells. No tissues.

• No Circulatory System• No Digestive system• External, sexual

reproduction; often hermaphroditic

Phylum Porifera

• Pore bearing• Asymmetrical• Sessile • Spicules or Spongin• Filter feeder• Aggregation of

specialized cells. No tissues.

• No Circulatory System• No Digestive system• External, sexual

reproduction; often hermaphroditic

• Reproduces asexually by budding

Phylum CtenophoraCommon name – Common name –

comb jelliescomb jellies

• 8 comb rows8 comb rows

• Sticky cells Sticky cells

• Biradial symmetryBiradial symmetry

• Has two layers of Has two layers of tissuetissue

Phylum CtenophoraCommon name – Common name –

comb jelliescomb jellies• 8 comb rows8 comb rows• Sticky cells Sticky cells • Biradial symmetryBiradial symmetry• Two tissue layersTwo tissue layers• Mouth opens to a Mouth opens to a

branched gut, branched gut, complete digestive complete digestive systemsystem

Phylum CtenophoraCommon name – comb Common name – comb

jelliesjellies• 8 comb rows8 comb rows• Sticky cells Sticky cells • Biradial symmetryBiradial symmetry• Two tissue layersTwo tissue layers• Complete digestive Complete digestive

systemsystem• Often bioluminescentOften bioluminescent

Phylum CtenophoraCommon name – comb jelliesCommon name – comb jellies• 8 comb rows8 comb rows• Sticky cells Sticky cells • Biradial symmetryBiradial symmetry• Two tissue layersTwo tissue layers• Complete digestive systemComplete digestive system• Often bioluminescentOften bioluminescent• Most are hermaphrodites – Most are hermaphrodites –

external sexual fertilization, external sexual fertilization, sperm & egg are released sperm & egg are released through mouththrough mouth

Larvae

Phylum CtenophoraCommon name – comb jelliesCommon name – comb jellies• 8 comb rows8 comb rows• Sticky cells Sticky cells • Biradial symmetryBiradial symmetry• Two tissue layersTwo tissue layers• Complete digestive systemComplete digestive system• Often bioluminescentOften bioluminescent• Most hermaphrodites – Most hermaphrodites –

external sexual fertilizationexternal sexual fertilization• No respiratory systemNo respiratory system• No circulatory systemNo circulatory system• Nerve Net (no centralization) Nerve Net (no centralization)

Statocyst

Benthic ctenophore

Phylum Cnidaria• Stinging cells

(nematocysts)

Nematocyst

Phylum Cnidaria• Stinging cells

(nematocysts)

• Radial symmetry

• Incomplete digestive system

Phylum Cnidaria• Stinging cells

(nematocysts)

• Radial symmetry

• Incomplete digestive system

• Some alternate between polyp & medusa

PLANULA LARVAE

POLYP

Strobilization

EPHYRA

MEDUSA

MEDUSA

Hydroids

Corals

Corals and Zooanthids

Sea Anemones

WORMWORMSS

Phylum Platyhelminthes

• Flatworms - Dorsoventrally flattened (top to bottom)

• Digestive tract has one opening• Simple nervous system with two ganglia

Phylum Platyhelminthes

• Flatworms - Dorsoventrally flattened (top to bottom)

• Digestive tract has one opening• Simple nervous system with two ganglia• No true circulatory or respiratory systems

Phylum Platyhelminthes

• Three tissue layers – ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm

• Most are simultaneous hermaphrodites, and can often self fertilize

Tapeworm in a Carp

Phylum Nematoda

• Long, tapered, cylindrical shape

• Longitudinal muscles

Phylum Nematoda

• Long, tapered, cylindrical shape• Longitudinal muscles• Complete Digestive system• No circulatory or respiratory systems• Pseudocoelom

Roundworms

Phylum Nematoda

• Long, tapered, cylindrical shape• Longitudinal muscles• Complete Digestive system• No circulatory or respiratory systems• Pseudocoelom• Reproduce sexually. Internal fertilization.

Fertilized eggs are released into the water.

Roundworms

PSEUDOCOELOM

Phylum Annelida

• Segmented worms• Coelom

Phylum Annelida

• Segmented worms• Coelom• Circular muscles

Phylum Annelida

• Segmented worms• Coelom• Circular muscles• Circulatory system

(closed system)

Phylum AnnelidaPhylum Annelida(polychaetes)(polychaetes)

• Segmented wormsSegmented worms• CoelomCoelom• Circular musclesCircular muscles• Circulatory systemCirculatory system

(closed system)(closed system)Reproduction – separate Reproduction – separate

gendersgendersrelease sperm & egg release sperm & egg into waterinto water

Class PolychaetaClass Polychaeta • Many BristlesMany Bristles

GillsGills

Sandcastle WormSandcastle Worm

Other Worms

Ribbon Worms (Nemerteans)

Other Worms

Peanut Worms (Sipunculids)

Other Worms Gutless Worms (Pogonophora)