oil&gas thought-leader webinar - new plays for old ideas - dr. sander houben

EARLY JURASSIC ANOXIAConnected implications for exploration geology and paleoceanography | Dr. Sander Houben

ELSEVIER OIL & GAS THOUGHT LEADER WEBINARTuesday April 11th 2017

INTRODUCTIONDuring the Paleo- and Mesozoic Earth experienced repetitive phases of (global) oxygen deficiency:

Relevance for Earth System SensitivityInsight into (yet unknown) ecological interactionsOrganic-enrichment Source Rock Deposits / Unconventionals

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Fundamentals

Predictability

Appl

icat

ion

Observations

COMBINING PALEOCEANOGRAPHIC AND EXPLORATION TOOLS

11 April 2017

CARBON ISOTOPES AS A STRATIGRAPHIC TOOL

If more carbon is stored in one of these reservoirsthe isotopic composition of all other reservoirs changes

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11 April 2017

Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) Zachos et al. 2005 Science

Cenomanian-Turonian (OAE-2)Tsikos et al. 2004 J. Geol. Soc.

CARBON ISOTOPES AS A STRATIGRAPHIC TOOL

COMBINING PALEOCEANOGRAPHIC AND EXPLORATION TOOLS

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INORGANIC REDOX GEOCHEMISTRY

COMBINING PALEOCEANOGRAPHIC AND EXPLORATION TOOLS

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Prasinophyte algae (Pleurozonaria)

Pollen (Chasmatosporites)

Acritarch

Dinoflagellate cyst (Nannoceratopsis)

Sphaeromorphs/Halosphaeropsis

PALYNOLOGY

COMBINING PALEOCEANOGRAPHIC AND EXPLORATION TOOLS

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v/d Schootbrugge et al., 2013 Paleontology

pre-OAE

OAE

PALYNOLOGY

COMBINING PALEOCEANOGRAPHIC AND EXPLORATION TOOLS

Elsevier Webinar 11 April 2017

Prasinophyte algae (Pleurozonaria)

Pollen (Chasmatosporites)

Acritarch

Dinoflagellate cyst (Nannoceratopsis)

Sphericals

INDICATORS OF CHEMOCLINE MIGRATION

INDICATORS OF PHOTIC ZONE ANOXIA

COMBINING PALEOCLIMATE AND EXPLORATION TOOLS

PALYNOLOGY

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11 April 2017

CASE-STUDY: TOARCIAN OAE

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From: Petroleum Geological Atlas of the Southern Permian Basin Area. EAGE Publications: 175-193.

TOARCIAN OAE AND THE POSIDONIA SHALE FORMATION

Proven source rock (30-50 m thick) for oil, suggested for gas

Type II Kerogen, TOC up to 14%

Netherlands a mature province

> 5000 boreholes> 500.000 km 2D seismic > 70.000 km2 3D seismic datasets (40% NL)

Underexplored formation in maturebasin ∙ 98 wells~ 30 wells with logs∙ 9 wells with cores, 5 which are usable

MAJOR EXPLORATION CHALLENGES: LOGS VS CORES, CORES, OLD WELLSElsevier Webinar 11 April 2017

Cleveland BasinOutcrop

Offshore Well

Onshore Well

TOARCIAN OAE AND THE POSIDONIA SHALE FORMATION

11 April 2017

CARBON ISOTOPE STRATIGRAPHY

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Offshore NL

Onshore NL

SUMMARY OF PALEOCEANOGRAPHIC RESULTS I.R.T. TOC

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Isotopes reflect carbon cycle perturbation

Climate Change

Intensified hydrological cycle and seasonal runoff

Upward migration Oxygen Minimum Zone

Alters surface water redox conditions and nutrient availability

Increase in diazotroph (anoxygenic) primary productivity and methanogenesis

Major increase in export of H-rich OM and release of methane

(In addition, synchronous onset and diachronous return to pre-OAE situation)

PALEOCEANOGRAPHIC OBSERVATIONS

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EARLY DIAGENETIC CONCRETIONS

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…THROUGH THE EYES OF AN EXPLORATION GEOLOGIST

11 April 2017Elsvier Webinar

Lash and Blood, 2006

CONCLUSIONS

1. Close Link Climate and accumulation of Hydrogen-rich OM

2. Combined workflow provides insight in water-column ecology

3. Primary productivity did not collapse during OAE Role of diazotrophs (biofuel perspective?)

4. CaCO3concretions occur in relation to these microbial communities Rock Properties

5. Trends are recorded synchronously across large distance

6. Hence, the study area was perturbated drastically by run-off driven stratification

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THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION

More Questions?Alexander.Houben@tno.nl