open everything exploring open in higher education

Exploring Open in Higher Education

Laura Czerniewicz and Michelle WillmersOpenUCT InitiativeScholarly Communication in Africa ProgrammeCC-BY-SA

So many opens

• Open scholarship• Open access• Open licensing• Open education practices• Open education resources• Open source• Open data• Open research• Open science• Open web• Open knowledge

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Openness as a concept is

not new to academia

St Hildegard of Bingen (1098-1179)

“The labours of knowledge must have public benefit.”

In Africa …

Timbuktu Manuscripts (13th Century)

Ways of being open

are newThe shift to digital

Traditional Scholarship

Conceptualisation

Data Collection

Data Analysis

Findings

Engagement

Translation

Conceptual frameworks

Literature reviews

Bibliographies

Proposals

Data sets

Conference papers

Audio recordings

Images

Interview transcripts

Books

Reports

Journal articles

Technical papers

Notes

Presentations

Lectures

Interviews

Student

Community

Scholar

Traditional Model

• Relatively contained disciplinary context

• Relatively clear scholarly community• Relatively clear boundaries• Particular points of engagement• Specific audiences at particular

stages• Generally closed/ contained

Enter the Internet

• All content becomes shareable

• New ways of describing content (and looking for it)

• New ways of tracking usage

• Aggregation occurs• Rise of the

Commons and the global networked scholar

http://www.flickr.com/photos/balleyne/2668834386/lightbox/

Open Access

Conceptualisation

Data Collection

Data Analysis

Findings

Engagement

Translation

Conceptual frameworks

Literature reviews Bibliographi

esProposals

Data sets

Conference papers

Audio recordings

Images

Interview transcripts

Books

Reports

Journal articles Technical

papers

Notes

Presentations

Lectures

Interviews

Student

Community

Scholar

Gold Route- Primary publication in open-access journals- 7 070 journals (DOAJ 2011)

Green Route- Self-archiving of scholarly content prior

to, in parallel with, or after publication- 2085 repositories worldwide (DOAR 2011)

Open Access

OA = increased visibility

31 studies in a wide range of disciplines on OA and citation advantage*- 27 studies show up to 600% increase in impact- 4 studies show no difference

Increased visibility = enhanced prestige and contribution to development* Swan A (2010) The Open Access Citation Advantage: Studies and Results to Date. Available at http://eprints.ecs.soton.ac.uk/18516/

Open Educational ResourcesPart of the open content continuum …

Post-graduate

Pedagogised resources

Non- pedagogised resources

Undergraduate

Open Education Resources

Conceptualisation

Data Collection

Data Analysis

Findings

Engagement

Translation

Conceptual frameworks

Literature reviews

Bibliographies

Proposals

Data sets

Conference papers

Audio recordings

Images

Interview transcriptsBooks

Reports

Journal articles

Technical papers

Notes

Presentations

Lectures

Interviews

StudentCommuni

ty Scholar

Open Research

Conceptualisation

Data Collection

Data Analysis

Findings

Engagement

Translation

Conceptual frameworks

Literature ReviewsBibliographi

esProposals

Data sets

Conference papers

Audio recordings

Images

Interview transcripts

Books

Reports

Journal articles Technical papers

Notes

Presentations

Lectures

Interviews

Open Research• Replicable (transparency - method)

• Reusable (results free for re-use and appropriation)

• Replayable (tools available for appropriation)

• Immediacy (more speedily available)

• Granular in approach

Open Research

Conceptualisation

Data Collection

Data Analysis

Findings

Engagement

Translation

Conceptual frameworks

Literature reviewsBibliographi

esProposals

Data sets

Conference papers

Audio recordings

Images

Interview transcripts

Books

Reports

Journal articles Technical papers

Notes

Presentations

Lectures

Interviews

Open Research

- New modes of dissemination - New ways of measuring impact- Blogging and social networking as mechanisms for research and collaboration- Output of social networking processes become research artefacts

Citizen Science

Open Science

Open Humanities?

http://www.flickr.com/photos/opensourceway/6555466069/sizes/o/in/set-72157625612605617/

Why?

Value proposition

• Improve visibility, impact and prospects for collaboration (and, maybe, citation)

• Good practice• Improved teaching and learning• Improved representation• Evolution of scholarship• Scalability and new prospects for advance

The Open Education

Continuum

1. Conducive environment / policy cohesion - Reward systems aligned

2. Appropriate licensing / protection of IP - Ducks in a row

3. Curation / metadata - Open = well shared

4. e-Infrastructure/virtual environments - Many birds, one stone?

5. Agency of the individual - Rise of the global networked scholar

What do we need to participate?

Thank you

• Laura.czerniewicz@uct.ac.za• Michelle.willmers@uct.ac.za