science study guide: atoms, elements, and matter · title: microsoft word - test study guide atoms,...

Name:____________________________________________________________Block:_________Date:______________

SCIENCESTUDYGUIDE:Atoms,Elements,andMatter

1. Allmatterismadeupof____________.Thesmallestamountyoucanhaveofanyelementisexactlyone_____________.

2. Anatomismadeupofthreesubatomicparticles:

1) ____________________(charge=_____________mass=_____________)

2) ____________________(charge=_____________mass=_____________)

3) ____________________(charge=_____________mass=_____________)

3. The______________isthedensecenteroftheatom,whichcontainsthe________________.and________________.

4. The___________________________isthelarge,outerpotionofanatom,containingthe__________________,and

madeupmostlyofempty_________________.

5. Identifythefollowingelement:_____________ 6.Draw&labelthefollowingelementbelow:

7. Potassium(K)hasanatomicnumberof19andanatomicmassof39.Howmanyneutronsdoesthishave?_____________

8. Wecandividetheperiodictableintothreeprimarycategories:metals,non‐metals,and____________________.

9. Metalslocatedaretothe_________ofthezigzaglineontheperiodictable,andmosthavethefollowingproperties:

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

10. Listthechemicalsymbolforallofthealkalimetals:_________________________________________________________

11. Listthenamesofthethreealkaliearthmetalswiththegreatestatomicmasses:_________________________________

12. Fluorine(9),Chlorine(17),Bromine(35),Iodine(53),andAstatine(85)areagroupofelementscalled___________,which

areknowntobehighly________________.

7

NNitrogen14

13. Basedonthediagram,labelthefollowingitems(A–D)as

eitherMoreReactive,LessReactive,orLeastReactive:

A. ________________________

B. ________________________

C. ________________________

D. ________________________

14. Thefarrightgroupofelementsontheperiodictablearecalledthe______________________________.Theyare

consideredtobe_____________becausetheydonotreadilycombinewithotherelements.

15. Rowsontheperiodictablearecalled_______________.Thecolumnsonaperiodictablearecalled_________________,

andtheseelementstypicallysharesimilar__________________.

16. Thethreestatesofmatterare_________________,_________________,and_________________.

17. Identifyeachstatebelow:

18. _______________havedefinitevolumeandshape,while________________havedefinitevolumebutnodefiniteshape.

19. _______________aremadeupofhigh‐energy,fastmovingparticlesthatbouncearoundandaretypicallyspreadout.

20. _______________aremadeupofcloselypackedparticlesthatonlyvibrateinplace.

21. Whenasolidchangesintoagas,itiscalled_______________________,while___________________isthenamefora

solidchangingintoaliquid.

22. Evaporationoccurswhena________________becomesa_________________.

23. ______________________iswhenagaschangesintoaliquid.

24. Howdoestemperatureeffectthestatesofmatter?________________________________________________________

25. Arehighlyreactiveelements(likealkalimetalsoralkalineearthmetals)likelytofoundintheirpureforminnature?_____

Explainwhyorwhynot:_______________________________________________________________________________.