segmentation of urban energy-pollution using roegenian...
Post on 07-Feb-2019
215 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
Segmentationofurbanenergy-pollutionusingRoegenian partialprocesseswith
borders
Vasile DOGARUWestUniversityofTimisoara
TOC/Outlines1. Urbanenergyatmacro- andnano-levelsinEU
(andclimatechange)2. Generalframeworkfornextdecadesfor
continentaltemperateclimate3. ARoegenian modelforTimisoaraDECLIMURB4. SomeEO2Pmeasurementfor4micro- and
nano-urbanzonesforstreetsandstreetsegmentsinTimisoara
5. Discussionsandongoingresearch6. Somefindings
11/12/17 BIWAES,Napoli2017
EUenergeticprocesses- somemacro-figuresandmacro-bordersfor2005and2015
TwoIEAmacro-figuresfor2005and2015projectionforEUurbanenergy
- EUenergyconsumptioninruralareasperdwelleris1.4timesmoreasinurbanareas (manyquotationsinEUstudies- EEA,JRC,EuropeanCommissionetc)
- Wedonothavethemicro-figuresasproofforthisassumption- EUurbanenergy(projected)consumptionwillincrease inperiod2005-
2015- arealoppositeEUtrend- forhouseholds theenergyconsumptionperdwellerislessinEUurban
areascomparedtoruralareas(Dogaru,2015)- Fornon-HHinouropinionitisdifficulttosustaintheIEAfiguresTheIEAclassificationofspatialurban-areas forEUenergyprocesses isright
andthefiguresarewrong(IEA,2008)GeneralspatialframeworkforworldurbanareasThecitiesareasoccupybetween0.05-0.15surfaceoftheGlobe,with50%
population(2050- 70-80%)andsimilarforenergyandmaterialsconsumption
11/12/17 BIWAES,Napoli2017
Thecompensated borderflowsofenergy,mainsectors, EU28,2011
Note:Thenetenergyproblemandsomegapsinfiguresaggregation
11/12/17 BIWAES,Napoli2017
UrbanenergyatEUmacro-levels–theclassificationconfusion
EUHeatingandCoolingStrategy,February2016- ThepossibleconfusionbetweenmetropolitanregionsandurbanareasfoundinEU(JRC)studies
Results– theenergeticprocesseswithoutspatialborderandnorightaggregationforthefigures
Theprinciple“nomeasurement,noscience”(Georgescu-Roegen,1971)inforce
11/12/17 BIWAES,Napoli2017
AboutTimisoara- Timisoaraaccounts63%ofeconomyforTimiscounty(RegionTimis 424NUTS3forEUregionclassifications)
- RegionTimis 424– thirdplaceforthegrowthrateofGDPbetween2000-2010andfirstplaceformiddlelevelandnon-capitalforcountry(fromall1320EUNUTS3Region)
- TimisoaragainedtheEUcontestforculturalcapitalin2021
- Timisoara- 311,2thousandsinhabitantsand13,000hectaressurface
11/12/17 BIWAES,Napoli2017
TheclimatechangeframeworkforEUurbanenergyatnano-spatiallevels
• Themissingofintegratedfiguresforenergy-oxygenproductionandpollution(EO2P)
• Themainfeaturesforwarmseason– thesteadystateprocessesforCO2pollutionandhightemperatureonstreetareas→heatingislands(HIs)phenomenon
• 12-15dayswithHIsinsummer2017inTimisoaraandarecentbigstorm(120-140km/hspeed)on10September2017
Othergeneralfiguresformicro- andprocesses(street,HHareas)• 50-250kWh/msq forHH(urban-rural)energyconsumption• 20-40msq pe inhabitantofgreenspace(grass)• Noexplicitlinkbetweenmicro- andmacro-spatialprocessforenergy
consumptionPossibleexplanations– themissingofstandardbordersformicro-processes (Territorial
ReferenceUnits,TRUinurbanarea)forenergymetrics
11/12/17 BIWAES,Napoli2017
NewGeneralUrbanPlan(GUP)forTimisoara
NewGUP- ongoingandtobeapproved- ThevalidityofGUPisconsideredfortenyearsandlifecycleofbuildingis
50-120years?- Missingofstreetanalysis(30-40%fuelurbanconsumption)- NointegratedanalysisandforeveryTRUfortheWholeareaofTimisoara
(13,000ha)- Thefiguresfoundedforsomeurbanauditindicatorsarefordifferentyears
between2010-2015- TheReport2932/2016ofWestUniversityofTimisoaraforMinistryof
Environmentabouttherequirements forEnvironmentPermitfornewGUP;
ResultsofReport:newrequirementsforGUP- everyyearsabalancesheet forEO2Pforeverymicro-zone(TRU)- Thenewlandareasforbuilding,approvedbyDetailled /ZonalUrbanPlan
willintegratetheenvironmentindicatorsinto(macro)TRUbalancesheet
11/12/17 BIWAES,Napoli2017
Heatingislandrisk(andgreenarea)ofEuropeanCities,2021-2050 ,RegionTimis NUTS3424
NoteStartingto2017theEEAestimation isclosetobeachieved;green-grasscontribution
11/12/17 BIWAES,Napoli2017
UrbanareaRotterdamaspartialRoegenianprocessforbuildinginoceanicclimate
Fortheoceanicclimatethetemperature isnotveryhigh(forenergeticprocesses)instreetareas;theaircirculationismet
11/12/17 BIWAES,Napoli2017
3.TheRoegenian modelforTimisoara-DECLIMURB(DEcoupling resourcesandCLIMate changeforURBan areas)
11/12/17 BIWAES,Napoli2017
SomecharacteristicsandrequirementsfornewRoegenian modelDECLIMURB
- Thebasicrequirementofinitialmodel(matrix) ofGeorgescu-Roegen (1971)wereusedtacitlyasframeworkforsatellite environmentalaccounts(SEEA2012)
- Theanalytical effortsaredispersedstartingtospatialclassification
- everyresearchestablishtheotherbordersforthepartialRoegenian processes(pRP),butnotwiththepossibility toaggregate thefiguresandjointhepRP
- thetaskforresearches- toestablishanalytical spatialbordersofprocessesaccordingtothemainclassification oftheurbanEO2Pprocesses
11/12/17 BIWAES,Napoli2017
DECLIMBURBmodel,v01ex193/462-Themain indicatorsfornano-level(streets)
Indicator Name
Indicator 1 Decoupling GVA -DMC index, V01ex-193/462 , 2013, Timisoara/Indicator 2 Gross value added (GVA) per worker, V01ex-193/462 2013, TimisoaraIndicator 3 Material consumption per worker, lei, V01ex-193/462, 2013, Timisoara
Indicator 4 Energy consumption per worker, lei, V01-193/462, 2013, Timisoara
Indicator 5 CO2 neutral ratio for street area, V01ex-193/462, 2013, Timisoara
Indicator 6O2 emissions daily, kilograms per 100 msq street, V01ex-193/462, 2013,Timisoara
11/12/17 BIWAES,Napoli2017
Meaningforscalevalue*specificmeaningforlowmiddlelevelofGDP(MC-12,Hungary,Romania)
Indicator Low valueindicator 1* non-adequate (-)indicator 2 non-adequate (-)indicator 3 positiveindicator 4 positiveindicator 5 non-adequate (-)indicator 6 positive
11/12/17 BIWAES,Napoli2017
Indicator1- valuescale
low true value high true value notional value< 0 1
0 1 21.1 2 32.1 3 43.1 4 54.1 5 65.1 6 76.1 7 87.1 8 98.1 9 109.1 10 11
10.1 20 1220.1 40 1340.1 60 1460.1 100 15
200.1 200 16200.1 1000 17
>1000 1811/12/17 BIWAES,Napoli2017
IndicatorI1,modelDECLIMURB-UVTcalibration462/193v01ex/2017,externaladdition
11/12/17 BIWAES,Napoli2017
Generalframeworkfornextdecadesforcontinentaltemperateclimate
(cont.)Theaimofresearch- ToidentifythespatialbordersforTRU/pRP forstreetareas
- IntegratedmetricsforEO2Pincontinentaltemperateclimateforfourmicro-zonesinTimisoara
11/12/17 BIWAES,Napoli2017
Thespatialbordersforflows,fundsandagents(FFA)forpRP
- ThebordersvariantsforTRU:a.streetaslinewithnodimension(usedinsomesoftware)– historicalvalidity;b.onthemiddleofthestreet– itisdifficulttodividethevehicleflowsbetweentwoTRU;c.outsideofstreetareas(ourproposal)
- TheTRUbordersforstreetsascomponentmicro-zoneswereestablishedoutsideofstreetsareasatthelimitsofthepropertiesfound(backtoback)ontwoneighboringstreets.TheTRUisaexternaladditionofstreetsand/orstreetsegments.
- TheTRUisdivided intwoclosespatialpRP:streetareasandareasforbuildings(non-streetareas)
TheFFAinourresearchwithstylizedfacts- Themainfunds:stockofvehicles,treeinventoryonthestreetarea- Theflows:Theflowoffundsandtheflowofinput(fuel,O2etc)and
output(CO2,O2)fortherecipeforpRP- Theagents:drivers,pedestrians,departments/sectionsofCityHall
11/12/17 BIWAES,Napoli2017
FiguresforgreentreesandgreengrassareaThelocationoffourmicro-zones- thecentreofTimisoaraTheexactbordersarelocatedbetweenstreetandnon-street
areas(buildingversustransportationarea)ThegeneralfiguresforpRTU forallstreetareainTimisoara:1.94millionmeterscubtreecrown(eq.leafsurface)compared
to3.79mcfortotalgreenfundsforTimisoara(excludingprivatearea, includingpublicgreenarea)
thegreen(grass) spacecontributionislow2-4%(3-4msqgrassfor1metercubetreecrown)
ForTimisoarawehavegreen(grass) space16msq./inh *310,000 inh.fornonartificialarea.=5milmsq.;Result- about10%totalinfactand2-3%forgreengrassspace
onstreet- i.e 100,000-150,000 msq,equivalent40-50,000 cubemetersfortreecrown.
11/12/17 BIWAES,Napoli2017
EO2Pmetrics,Timisoara,Paroseni micro-zone,2013
Street name
Street segment
length, m
Street flow
Mileage, km
CO2Vehicle, kilo
C (O2) seq., kilo
Street name
Street segment
length, m
Streetflow
Mileage,km
CO2Vehicle, kilo
C (O2) seq., kilo
Drag (D)
130 5373 698 112 31 R 200 18195 3,639 586 160
D 130 11447 1,488 240 65 R 200 21588 4,318 695 190
D 200 5371 1,074 173 47 Gara 50 2506 125 20 6
D 200 11444 2,289 368 100 Gara 50 2525 126 20 6
Tit , N 840 6605 5,548 893 244 Jiul 150 979 147 24 6
Tit, N 840 7287 6,121 985 269 Jiul 150 292 44 7 2
Rep(R)
590 20281 11,966
1,926 525 Mur A 206 5,549 1,143 184 50
R 590 17558 10,359
1,668 455 Seil A 178 5,549 988 159 43
11/12/17 BIWAES,Napoli2017
Discussions- WedividedforTimisoara theurbanprocessesbetween
streetandnon-streetareas(buildingarea)andmodeledsomeEO2Pmetrics forstreetareas
- TheofficialandpermanentTRUareestablishedonlyforthemicro-regionoutsideofurbanarea(Law350/2001)
- Thespatial bordersforTRUarenotfixedbylawforurbanareasinRomania
- Thetemporalbordersareconsideredonlyfor10years.Thebuilding lifecycleisbetween40-120years.
- ThecharacteristicsmeasuredinnewGUParenotcomparative
11/12/17 BIWAES,Napoli2017
Streetasprocess--withintegratedcharacteristicsandunique
address/codeforspatialprocesses- Thestreethavealsothedifferentnameindifferentofficialdatabase(old,newname;differentordersofwords(StreetVasileAlecsandri,Alecsandri Vasile),withnoothercharacteristics(length,surfaceetc)
- Themainrequirementtobefulfilled:Thestreetborderswithuniqueaddress/codeandwithmultipleparameters:GIScoordinates,length,width,(high)inordertoidentifythefunds,flowsandagentsforeveryclose/adiabaticpRP
11/12/17 BIWAES,Napoli2017
Nextandrelatedresearches- TheEUurbanmetricsforEO2Pcanbeaggregated
usingfiguresforurbannano-zones- Thechallengeforcontinentaltemperateclimate
appeartobyhighandsimilarwithEUcoastalareas- forthenextresearches- tointegratemore
characteristics fordecoupling,climate changeandsocialandeconomicprocesses,measuredusingborderflows
- Thesimilar integratedmetrics fornano- andmicro-areaswerefoundforenergyconsumptionofbuildingsbysomelargecities (London,Rotterdam)
11/12/17 BIWAES,Napoli2017
Somefindingsformicro-processes
Wearelivingandworking inaverysmall(nano-)area;theintegratedmetricsandknowledge isimportantatthefirstinstanceatnano-levelforthereal(notimaginary)people
1. TheEO2PmetricsoffourpTRU (urbantransportationsector)revealsusthegaptoreachCO2neutralforeverypTRU forstreetareas
2. Thebordersflowswerenoticedforeverynano-process-3. TheintegratedEO2Pfiguresforallmicro-zonescansustain
thedecisionsforCityHallTimisoara4. Thedifferentiatedtaxesforstreet(pTRU)andforbuilding
areas(prTRU)appeartobeasolutionforCO2neutraltarget
11/12/17 BIWAES,Napoli2017
Somefindingsformacro-processesandmacro-figures
1. Thevaluationofmacro-processes helpustoestablishthegeneral cooperation framework atEU-levels
2. Thejoiningofmicrointomacrourbanprocessandtheaggregationoffiguresusingauniqueclassification forurbannano-levelswilleconomize theanalyticalefforts andviabledecisions
3. Theclassifications ofnano-urban processesandtheindicatorsformaterialsenergy,waterandwaste/pollution arenecessary toknowthetwomainrequirements formacro-processes: decoupling andclimatechange
Thenecessitytoknowtheurbanareasatmicro- andnano-leveltorespondatthechallengeofclimatechangeanddecoupling
11/12/17 BIWAES,Napoli2017
top related