the peoples to the north
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THE PEOPLES TO THE NORTH
Ben LoschJason EdwardsWill Rattray
HOPEWELL (200 AD - 500 AD) Traded with Gulf of Mexico & Rockies Knew metallurgy (copper) Employed artisans Social hierarchy
with a chief at the top.
HOPEWELL. The mounds were build for either defensive purposes or used as burial sites -Elaborate mounds of great size often organized into groups
HOPEWELL Tradition to represent effigies or animals Elaborate burial rituals Buried with personal items and weapons Beautiful pottery, pipes and effigies, luxury
items designed for the cult of the dead
MISSISSIPPIAN (800 AD – 1300 AD) Large settlements in Alabama and Illinois. Also ruled by a chief. New strains of maize. Focused more on
agriculture than predecessors.
MISSISSIPPIAN
They constructed mounds for fortifications and large pyramid platforms. They created temple mounds up to 100 feet high and used over 2 million cubic feet of earth to construct.
Much larger than the previous Hopewell people. Had large towns and urban centers, temple complexes and
Pyramid mounds
Cahokia (Illinois)
MISSISSIPPIAN Religious symbols and crops represent strong
Mesoamerican influence New cultivation techniques of maize, beans and
squash Importance of Corn Rulers able to mobilize labor
THE DESERT PEOPLES American Southwest. Retreated to high ground to escape tribes. Decline caused by draught. Relied on animals for food, rather than crops.
THE DESERT PEOPLES Each cultural region had their distinctive pottery The desert peoples initially lived in pit houses below the ground
but then moved to stone multiform dwellings that were usually protected by canyons and cliffs due to hostile neighbors. A distinctive feature of these dwellings are the kiva’s.
The culture spread from New Mexico, Colorado, Utah and Arizona
Both of these pictures come from the same region called the Anasazi. The pits in the dwellings are called kiva’s and were large stone pits used for religious meetings by men.
THE DESERT PEOPLES Maize was adapted to local
environment Later supplemented by beans and
squash Kivas Hundreds of miles of roads, up to forty
feet wide came from Chaco
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