ucd process

Eduardo Oliveirawww.eduoliveira.comeduardo.oliveira@unimelb.edu.au

talking about HCD process @ UniMelb

What is Usability?

You arrive at the hotel and the receptionist gives you the key to the apartment 755. Which button you press?

40SAMSUNG CONFIDENTIAL Samsung Electronics MSC

BASIC UI RULES01

240 x 320 44 x 44

240 x 400 50 x 50

480 x 800 96 x 96

Icon Shadow Recommendations

Icon Size Guide by Resolution (shadow included)

The tray icon can be designed freely within the defined size constraints.

Minimum Touch Area : 35 x 35 pixels

Photoshop effect //

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Clickable elements must be designed to secure at least the minimum touch area in order to be clicked.

1-5. COMMON GUIDE1-5-3. Tray Icon, Depth 1 Widget Guide

Tray icon guide

Product Design !

AND !

CITY/URBAN/SPACES Design

1010

Play Street Detour New York City ca. 1916-1920. Image Credit: New York City Municipal Archives

REMIX YOUR STREET: STRATEGIES

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Parklets promote a low-cost, easily implementable approach to public space improvement through projects that energize and reinvent the public realm. They help address the desire and need for increased public open space and wider sidewalks.San Francisco Pavement to Parks Website

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3

1. Mobile Parklet, San Francisco, CA. Credit: CMG Landscape Architects 2. Devil’s Tooth Parklet, San Francisco, CA. Image Credit: Jordan Lewis3. Hot Tub Parklet, Vancouver, BC. Image Credit: Paul Krueger4. Mission Hill Parklet, Boston, MA. Image Credit: Courtney Sacco

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7

. . . PEOPLE CAN PLAY IN THE STREETS?

. . . PEOPLE AND THE ENVIRONMENT ARE HEALTHIER?

Image Credits: 1. Paul Krueger2. Chris Gahl/Visit Indy

3. Donald Gunn4. Portland State University

REMIX YOUR STREET: STRATEGIES

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Open streets initiatives temporarily close streets to automobile traffic, so that people may use them for walking, bicycling, dancing, playing, and socializing.Openstreetproject.org

1. Alki Ave Summer Street Event, Seattle, WA. Image Credit: Patrick Robinson, West Seattle Herald2. Beach Street Party, North Adams, MA. Image Credit: Gillian Jones/North Adams Transcript3. Phinney Ridge, Summer Street, Seattle, WA. Image Credit: SDOT2 3

REMIX YOUR STREET: STRATEGIES

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1. Madison Square Plaza, New York, NY. Credit: NYCDOT2-3. Before and After, Pearl Street Triangle, Brooklyn, NY. Credit: NYCDOT

A 2012 New York City Department of Transportation study found that retail sales increased by 172% after a parking triangle on Pearl Street in Brooklyn was converted into a pedestrian plaza. Gehl Architects Website

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IBM Video

Usability is a quality attribute that assesses how easy user interfaces are to use. The word "usability" also refers to methods for improving ease-of-use during the

design process. !

Jakob Nielsen, 2003.

Usability is defined by 5 quality components: !

Learnability: How easy is it for users to accomplish basic tasks the first time they encounter the design? Efficiency: Once users have learned the design, how quickly can they perform tasks? Memorability: When users return to the design after a period of not using it, how easily can they reestablish proficiency? Errors: How many errors do users make, how severe are these errors, and how easily can they recover from the errors? Satisfaction: How pleasant is it to use the design?

A key one is utility, which refers to the design's

functionality: Does it do what users need?

User Centred Design (UCD)

[UCD video]

[Tokyo Video]

[Connecting]

[Las Vegas Experience]

[Why The Best CEO's Invest in Customer Experience]

"We are not actually experts in specific areas. We are experts in the process of how things are designed”.

Tom Kelley

[video]

What are we going to do?

We will have fun with HCD process. We will

try to DESIGN Melbourne CBD

GROUND based on pedestrians experience!

phase 1 [without process]

small activity !

UniMelb !

partial process

Task 1 – Mapping the campus: Each pair of students should explore and design routes in The University of Melbourne based on provided start and end points and based on their own experiences and needs.

phase 2 [with process]

big activity !

Melbourne CBD !

full process

Task 2 – Designing Melbourne CBD GROUND: Each group of students (teams of four) should DEFINE and DESIGN Melbourne CBD GROUND based on pedestrians movement/experience/walkability/…

UX Researchers 2 profiles Urban Designers

user research user requirements ideation prototyping (wireframes) user tests !

ui research ui conception ideation prototyping (mock-ups) ui [3d models]

students will work as both profiles in Task 2

Studies(and(Research( Idea0on(

Evalua0on( Prototyping(

1( 2(3(4(

USER>CENTERED(DESIGN(

innovation process

[overview]

1"

]"Iden(fy"users"and"inves(gates"how"the"product"can"be"used"and"in"which"circumstances."

Studies"and"Research"

2"

Problems"and"opportuni2es"iden2fied"by"research"inspires"solu2ons,"which"is"the"goal"of"this"phase."

Idea2on"

3"

By"building"prototypes"it"is"possible"to"iden2fy"limits"and"restric2ons"as"well"as"the"poten2al"of"the"generated"solu2ons."

Prototyping"

4"

The"last"step"is"a"valida.on"(in"the"lab"or"in"the"field)"of"the"prototyped"concepts"with"the"users."

Evalua.on"

some [REAL] cases

smartphones!Samsung Smart Apps [desktop]

car + mobile devices

health

taximov

tv interface!television menu redesign

ux + big data

big data

field research

big data

field research

massive volume of data

deep dive into questions

big data

field research

massive volume of data

deep dive into questions

What? Why?

big data

field research

massive volume of data

deep dive into questions

What? Why?

big data

field research

Find

massive volume of data

deep dive into questions

What? Why?

big data

field research

Find

Investigate

massive volume of data

deep dive into questions

What? Why?

big data

field research

Understand

Investigate

Find

massive volume of data

deep dive into questions

What? Why?

big data

field research

Understand

Investigate

Find

How we do this?

Collect Data

Represent Data Interpret Data

How can we… DESIGN MELBOURNE

CBD GROUND based on PEDESTRIANS

EXPERIENCE [movement/mobility/needs]?

Because we are designing for people…

!

5 MENTs [at least] are needed!

1 =MENT

DiscontentMENT

5 =MENT

EngageMENT EmpowerMENT

TreatMENT CommitMENT

MoveMENT

+1?

InvolveMENT

I Love Melbourne

!

CITIZENS as active participants

in the [creative] process

Empowerment ("more upload and less download", Claudio Marinho)

RESEARCH Phase

Research comprises "creative work undertaken on a systematic basis in order to increase the stock of knowledge, including knowledge of man, culture and society, and the use of this stock of knowledge to devise new applications."(Wikipedia)

• Quantitative research • Designed to generate accurate and reliable measures that

allow statistical analysis • Appropriate to measure both opinions, attitudes, behaviors

and preferences • Ex: elections: quantify the preference of the electorate

• Qualitative research • Has no statistical basis • Analyzes profoundly non-measurable data - feelings,

sensations, perceptions, thoughts, intentions, past behavior, understanding reasons, meanings and motivations - from a certain group of individuals in relation to a specific problem.

• Involves the development and refinement of new ideas. • Extract reasoning, new discoveries, ideas and interpretations

Qualitative vs Quantitative

Qualitative vs Quantitative

!!

Example: Election Theory: Based on the history of elections in Melbourne Hypothesis: If Elena's President popularity in Melbourne is large, then the chance of the mayor’s with the same political side be elected is great Public Target: the voting population in various parts of the city Data collection: objective questions "Which candidate Mr/Miss vote for?" !Fragmentation of complex relationships in different variables allow the researcher to isolate and test other effects. And if leaving Elena’s politics side, who wins? Interpretation of the data

Quantitative research

!!

Are generally open Originate in the context of the researcher

Style and interest also influence Can describe states or processes

Assumptions can be confirmed or discovered

Qualitative research - Questions

Qualitative vs Quantitative

Formulating Questions !

Selecting Plans and Methods !

Data Collection !

Evaluating and Reformulating Questions !

Data Analysis !

Formulation of Findings

Research Process

Focusing on what we want to know !

Simple, clear and concise sentences (enable proper interpretation)

Neutral issues (not induce a response) Positive affirmations (avoid reverse logic) Maintain focus (on compound questions)

Guide to possible content extraction Caution and common sense!

Research Questions

How to access information?

[video]

Research Dynamic !

[AQUARIUM] [max 15’]

!

[two interviewees/volunteers] Main Objective: find out about the culture/food/

behaviour and the country of the interviewee

Research Dynamic !

[Brainstorm] [time: 8’]

!

[What questions can you do to discover/identify what is GROUND for Melbourne CBD pedestrians?]

Research Dynamic !

[Define your Research Method (in teams)] [max 20’]

Data Analysis

1. Recording of Data !

2. Data Edition (Transcript - great accuracy means large absorption of energy and time) codes: [text], TEXT, (1.8), (.), >text<, <text>, @@@, XXXX,… !

3. Construction of the "new" reality

Data Analysis

Data Analysis

Open Codification !

Methods of coding !

Line by line Sentence by sentence Paragraph by paragraph

Data Analysis

FULL EXAMPLE - Part 1 !

Interviewees Profile !Bob Marley, 37 years old Computer Science student, single, loves music and soccer. Everyday uses Tram to go to UniMelb. Likes CBD to have some food and to meet up with friends. - 25 pages of transcription

John Lennon, 42 years old Bank manager, full schedule of meetings and passionate for technologies. Is always in CBD because works on there. Everyday Lennon have lunch on CBD, … - 13 pages of transcription

Data Analysis

FULL EXAMPLE - Part 2 !

Categorising discovered codes !Routine Describes activities related to the routine of interviewee Use of Smartphones Describes activities related to the use of smartphones Use of Computer Describes the activities related to computer use Personal Costs Relative to spending on goods and services Games Concerning electronic games comments

Data Analysis

FULL EXAMPLE - Part 2 !

Categorising discovered codes !EXAMPLE: !

Subcategory Code References

Workout Every day I go to Gym at night 4

I love running 2

Entertainment I am always listening to musics 1

Interacting with smart phone 6

Childrens watch DVD in the car 1

Routine

Data Analysis

FULL EXAMPLE - Part 2 !

Categorising discovered codes !EXAMPLE: ! Use of Smartphones

Subcategory Code References

Messages Sending messages to girlfriend 1

Using Whatsapp app to send message 5

Sends / receives messages via cell phone during work meetings

3

Calls Uses different resources (Bluetooth / USB cable) to receive calls in the car while driving

1

Audio / Video ... 1

... 1

... 1

... 3

... 3

... 2

... 1

Data Analysis

MSD IntrinsicGround/Studio Docs/HCD/IDEO_HCD_ToolKit.pdf

Task 2 – Designing Melbourne CBD GROUND: Each group of students (teams of four) should DEFINE and DESIGN Melbourne CBD GROUND based on pedestrians movement/experience/walkability/… !1. Map your route between provided Start and End point 1.1 Try to identify, while mapping, people/lanes/ streets/ indoor and outdoor spaces/grounds/ shortcuts on your path 2. Apply your research methods with citizens on your path 2.1 Apply in different location, with different people. Try to identify the way people use Melbourne CBD Ground. 3. OUTPUT: Present your mapped route together with your research analysis (interviewees profile, places, codes and categories from your research data). Prepare your data to be presented next class in 10 minutes. This will be used as INPUT for IDEATION phase.

*** REMEMBER: our objective is to DESIGN Melbourne CBD GROUND ***

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legend'

Start'point' End'point'

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Time: 30 mins to map the route + 1h-2h collecting data

Eduardo Oliveirawww.eduoliveira.comeduardo.oliveira@unimelb.edu.au

talking about HCD process @ UniMelb