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Urinary and ReproductiveSystems

BMP-218

December 3, 2013

Genitourinary System Components

• Macroscopic– Kidney(s)

– Ureter(s)

– Bladder

– Urethra

– Renal cortex

– Renal Medulla

– Renal Artery

– Renal Vein

• Microscopic Functional components– Glomerulus

– Bowman’s capsule

– Nephron

– Loop of Henle

GU System Function

• Blood homeostasis

– Fluid balance

– pH

– Salts

– Waste product removal (ammonia)

Renal Functional Units

• Glomerulus

– Filters all low molecular weight materials(water, salts, sugars, drugs etc) out of theblood

• Nephron

– Reabsorbs materials the body needs

– Water, salts, sugars

– Energetically wasteful but highly selective

Reproductive System(s)

• Shares anatomy with renal system

• Pelvic structure differences

– Relation to nervous system & development

• Major anatomic components

– Male

• Testes

• Vas deferens

• Seminal vesicle

• Prostate gland

• Penis

• Urethra

– Female

• Ovary

• Fimbriae

• Fallopian tubes (ovaduct)

• Uterus

• Vagina

Hormonal Cycles (Females)

• Controlled by circulating hormones– Estrogen

– Progesterone

• Ovulatory cycle

• Menstral cycle

• Both are interrupted by pregnancy– Progesterone level stays high during pregnancy

– Prevents ovulation

– Maintains endometrial thickness

T1-weightedMRI