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Urinary and ReproductiveSystems
BMP-218
December 3, 2013
Genitourinary System Components
• Macroscopic– Kidney(s)
– Ureter(s)
– Bladder
– Urethra
– Renal cortex
– Renal Medulla
– Renal Artery
– Renal Vein
• Microscopic Functional components– Glomerulus
– Bowman’s capsule
– Nephron
– Loop of Henle
GU System Function
• Blood homeostasis
– Fluid balance
– pH
– Salts
– Waste product removal (ammonia)
Renal Functional Units
• Glomerulus
– Filters all low molecular weight materials(water, salts, sugars, drugs etc) out of theblood
• Nephron
– Reabsorbs materials the body needs
– Water, salts, sugars
– Energetically wasteful but highly selective
Reproductive System(s)
• Shares anatomy with renal system
• Pelvic structure differences
– Relation to nervous system & development
• Major anatomic components
– Male
• Testes
• Vas deferens
• Seminal vesicle
• Prostate gland
• Penis
• Urethra
– Female
• Ovary
• Fimbriae
• Fallopian tubes (ovaduct)
• Uterus
• Vagina
Hormonal Cycles (Females)
• Controlled by circulating hormones– Estrogen
– Progesterone
• Ovulatory cycle
• Menstral cycle
• Both are interrupted by pregnancy– Progesterone level stays high during pregnancy
– Prevents ovulation
– Maintains endometrial thickness
T1-weightedMRI