us history note page 14 early industry. major east – west highway that reached from maryland to...

US HistoryNote Page 14

Early Industry

Major East – West Highwaythat reached from Maryland to Wheeling,

(West) Virginia

National Road:

Connected the Hudson River to Lake ErieInternal markets have route to Atlantic

Ocean

Erie Canal:

Made river travel safe & quicker1807 - Robert Fulton - ‘Clermont’

Steamboats:

Video Clip

America: Story of US

Clip on Steamboat and Erie Canal

Skip the first 60 seconds / its about the Trail of Tears…

Trains faster than wagons & go wherever track is laid - “The Iron Horse”

1830 Peter Cooper builds ‘Tom Thumb’

Railroads:

First American locomotive “Tom Thumb” 10 mph!

From hand tools to large / complex machines

From artisans to “task” workersFactories replaced home-based workers

Manufacturing:

Industrial Revolution first

started in Britain.

The United States quickly became Second!We stole the plans…… Thank Samuel Slater.

Reasons for success:1. Lots of available cheap labor.2. Abundant natural resources.3. Fast moving rivers.4. Free Enterprise System!

America took a huge step forward when Francis C. Lowell opened

several mills in NE Massachusetts in 1814.

He introduced idea of mass producing cotton cloth in the US with his Boston Manufacturing

Company. Of course he mostly hired women and children. . .

1832 Samuel F.B. Morse Electronic Messages over long distances

Telegraph:

Created by Samuel Morse in 1832, the first long distance line between D.C. and Baltimore was

up by 1844.

By 1860, there was 50,000 miles of wire to fill the demands of

businessmen and journalists…..

Concept created by Eli WhitneyTransformed one by one process into

factory processExample: Gun Making

Interchangeable Parts:

Labor Unions – Joining together to help improve working conditions in factories

Strikes – work stoppage to force improvements

Workers Organize:

Factory conditions in the 1800’s were dark, dangerous, noisy and very dirty. Most workers simply

demanded safer working conditions and a 10 hour work day. Early

unions made small gains. In 1842, Massachusetts Supreme Court rule

that union strikes were legal….

Women and children

made up the bulk of factory workers

because they got less than half the pay of a man…

Video Clips:

US History Crash Course

The Market Revolution

Early Locomotives:One Hundred Years of Railroad Development

US HistoryNote Page 14

Early Industry

The End