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WELLHEAD FATIGUE CONFERENCE
WELLHEAD FATIGUE
Operators Perspective
Copyright of NORSKE SHELL CONFIDENTIAL 6 Dec 2012 1
Operators Perspective
6th December, Oslo
Use this area for cover image(height 6.5cm, width 8cm)
Peter Ostrowski
Snr Subsea Hardware Engineer
Menu
� Project Summary
� Well Design
� Fatigue Assessment Work Flow
� Analysis assumptions (to be done)
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� Analysis assumptions (to be done)
� Initial Fatigue Assessment
� Proposed Improvements
� Results from Improvements
� Lessons Learned
East Browse Basin
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Objectives and Drivers
Objectives
� Develop Prelude Swan resevoir to
facilitate production 700MMScf/d of
gas from 7 subsea producer wells to
FLNG by 2016
� Deliver within budget
Project Value Drivers
� Robustness
� Max NPV – Minimize Wells CAPEX &
OPEX
� Project Delivery – wells off crtical path
� Repeatabilty – use on other fields
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Repeatabilty – use on other fields
� Flexibility – use on other fields
� Max well availability high MTBF + No
Interventions
� CAPEX Certainty
Fatigue Analysis Workflow
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Drilling Riser Configuration
� The drilling riser consists of
� 5 x slick joints
� 2 x 2,000’ rating buoyed joints
� 2 x slick joints
� 1 x telescope joint
� 12 x 160 kips tensioning system
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� 12 x 160 kips tensioning system
Riser computer model input parameters
� Riser Joints:
� Riser joint weight = 100% design weight
� LMRP/BOP/Tree/THS weight = 100% design weight
� Buoyancy module net lift = 100% design lift
� Boundary condition:
� top fixed at drill floor with rotational stiffness;
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� top fixed at drill floor with rotational stiffness;
� conductor connected with soil springs and fixed at bottom.
� Soil spring stiffness: calculated using P/Y data and effective OD
based on 42-inch (use of hole/grout OD, rather than the conductor
OD)
� Bare & Buoyed joints: CD = 1.0; Cam = 1.0, drag diameter =
adjusted for auxiliary lines
� Tensioner stiffness: (Tension change 0.75%) /(ft stroke) 03 December 2012 7
Operating Conditions
� Prelude wells will b e executed over an estimated duration of 2-3yrs
with Noble clyde Boudreaux Semi sub rig
� All wells will be drilled from one drill center
� Rig will be moored
� Climate is Monsoonal
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Winter: April to September
Summer: October to March
Tropical cyclones typically Dec -Apr
� Riser will be disconnected during cyclones
03 December 2012 8
Operating Conditions
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Example of riser load bins for case 1
ASSUMPTIONS
� 9 Riser Load bin
� 10 year wave
dominated non
cyclonic conditions
Weather from worst
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� Weather from worst
direction relative to
the rig
03 December 2012 10
Prelude Fatigue Load Cases
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Time on well
� Operational Time Distribution Cases (days)
� 153 WH / 132 THS
� 198 WH / 92 THS
� 153 WH / 118 THS / 14 XT
� 198 WH / 80 THS / 14 XT
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� 198 WH / 80 THS / 28 XT
� 198 WH / 132 THS / 28 XT
03 December 2012 12
Wellhead Local Model
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Analysis assumptions
� Perfect alignment and seating during installtion
� Contact friction of 0.1 for vertical faces 0.15 for landing shoulders
� Connection between RLSA threaded adjustment ring and body was
modelled with tie constraint
� Cement was was accounted for by constraining the in-plane DOF of
adjacent casing.
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adjacent casing.
� Preload between 36” housing and wellhead was included.
� Fatigue loading was applied at top of WH housing using kinematic
coupling. Stress transfer functions applied independently.
� H4 profile not modelled. SAF=3 was assumed to determine fatigue
life
03 December 2012 14
Key Assumptions for Initial Fatigue Analysis
� Analysis performed to SEPCO Fatigue Service Wellhead Standard
� Minimum Service Life = 1year
� Minimum un-factored fatigue life =1x100=100years (SF=100)
� Fatigue damage calculation with S-N curve methodology
� DEn-B Curve for base material – WHH, Connectors
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� DEn-E Curve for ground welds – connector welds
� DEn-F2 Curve for un-ground welds –bulls eye weld plate
� Operating weather condition- upto 10year Non cyclonic
03 December 2012 15
Initial Fatigue Analysis
� Several features did not meet the prelude requirements
�All welds
�H4 profile
� Base material locations
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Initial Fatigue Analysis Results – 36” Housing
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Initial Fatigue Analysis Results – 26” Housing
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Initial Fatigue Analysis Results – 18 3/4” Housing
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Analsysis Refinements
� Wellhead geometry modification
� Eliminate unnecessary features e.g. PGB groove
� Include stress relief grooves (scoop cut) at corners
� Reduce the RTT
� Review Metocean data & apply directionality
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� Review actual material properties
� Review SF against industry – API 2A & API 2RD
� Review soil stiffness and apply location specific data
03 December 2012 20
WH Geomtry modification – 36” LPWH
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WH Geomtry modification -26” LPWH
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WH Geomtry modification 18 ¾ HPWH
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Modified Design fit assessment -Running the 18 ¾ WH Housing /RLSA
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Key Assumptions for Updated Fatigue Analysis
� Analysis done as per SEPCO Fatigue Service Wellhead standard
� Minimum Service Life = 1year
� Minimum un-factored fatigue life = 1 x 10 = 10 years (SF=10)
� Fatigue damage calculation with the same S-N Curve methodology
� Operating Weather condition – Site specific data based on data
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Operating Weather condition – Site specific data based on data
gathered between 2007 & 2010
� Directionality (8 directions) taken into account with 338 load bins for
each direction.
03 December 2012 25
Prelude Updated Fatigue Load Cases
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Results (198 WHD / 132 THS / 28 XT) ; RTT => 500 kips
� 36” Conductor Housing
�All locations meet Prelude minimum
requirements.
� Location A_01 has a Fatigue life = 294 years
� 36_Weld has a Fatigue life = 625 years
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�All other locations > 1000 years
03 December 2012 27
Results (198 WHD / 132 THS / 28 XT) ; RTT => 500 kips
� 26” Conductor Housing
�All locations meet Prelude min
requirement
� 26_Weld Fatigue life = 370 years
�All other locations have > 1000 years
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Results (198 WHD / 132 THS / 28 XT) ; RTT => 500 kips
� 18.3/4” HP Wellhead Housing
� Location G_01 = 256 years
� Location G_04 = 625 years
�H4 Profile = 455 years
�All other locations > 1000 years
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Results (198 WHD / 132 THS / 28 XT) ; RTT => 500 kips
Case 1: With top two joints being 18 m
long
� 36” Welds and Connectors
� Uppermost splice weld on Jt#5
Fatigue life = 170 years
� Uppermost connector
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� Uppermost connector
� Max SAF = 19 (10yr fatigue)
� Deeper connectors
�No issues or concerns
� Viper connectors for Prelude min
SAF=2
03 December 2012 30
Results (198 WHD / 132 THS / 28 XT) ; RTT => 500 kips
Case 1: With top two joints being 18 m
long
� 26” Welds and Connectors
� Uppermost splice weld on Jt#2
Fatigue life = 440 years
� Uppermost connector
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�Max SAF = 33 (10yr fatigue)
� Deeper connectors
�No issues or concerns
Lessons learned
� The common hypothesis in the world of riser design is that “using
fixed boundary conditions at the mudline location will give the
conservative loads at wellhead. Not always the case with weak soils
and heavy lower stack.
� Omni directionality leads to over conservative results
� Resonance of lower stack is very sensitive to damping (riser and soil
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� Resonance of lower stack is very sensitive to damping (riser and soil
damping). Significant reduction in response was observed with
damping which the analysis did not include.
03 December 2012 32
Lessons Learned
� Fatigue analysis needs to be incorporated into the Subsea wells design
workflow to gain assurance that well integrity will be maintained over the
lifecycle.
� Fatigue analysis involves multiple disciplines Start early and engage the
right people
� Realistic Site specific input data facilitates optimal engineering solution for
fatigue issues.
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fatigue issues.
� Improvements on weld quality, thickness transitions are cost effective and
improve fatigue lives.
� Good coordination between engineering and manufacturing is required
to ensure that proposed modifications are feasible
� Specify that forging QTS’s be obtained from prolongations only and that
it is sized to facilitate a retest of all mechanical and chemical properties.
03 December 2012 33
Lessons learned
� Get adequate quantity of QTS’s especially if you need to qualify weld
procedures.
� The fatigue friendly design can only be improved through extensive
cooperation with the suppliers.
� There is potentially large conservatism in conductor fatigue estimates
due to use of SN curves, safety factors and ignoring compression
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due to use of SN curves, safety factors and ignoring compression
benefits.
03 December 2012 34
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