anat max & mand
TRANSCRIPT
ANATOMY OF THE EDENTULOUS RIDGE IN THE MAXILLA AND MANDIBLE IS VERY IMPORTANT FOR THE DESIGN OF COMPLETE DENTURE. CONSISTENCY OF THE MUCOSA AND ARCHITECTURE OF THE UNDERLYING BONE IS DIFFERENT IN VARIOUS PARTS OF EDENTULOUS RIDGE.HENCE SOME PART OF THE RIDGE IS CAPABLE OF WITHSTANDING MORE FORCES THAN OTHER AREA.
MUCOUS MEMBERANE
ORAL CAVITY IS LINED BY ORAL MUCOSA .
IT CONSIST OF TWO LAYERS.
1.MUCOSA 2.SUBMUCOSA
MUCOSA HAS KERATINISED SQUAMOUS EPITHELIUM ,STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS EPITHELIUM . SUBMUCOSA RESPONSIBLE FOR SUPPORTING THEDENTUREIT VARIES IN THICKNESS AND CONSISTENCY.
• LIMITING STRUCTURES
• SUPPORTING STRUCTURE
• RELIEF AREA
LIMITING STRUCTURES
LABIAL FRENUM
LABIAL VESTIBULE
BUCCAL FRENUM
BUCCAL VESTIBULE
HAMULAR NOTCH
POSTERIOR PALATAL SEAL AREA
LABIAL FRENUM
IT APPEARS AS A FOLD OF MUCOUS MEMBERANE
IT EXTENDS FROM THE MUCOUS LINING OF MUCOUSMEMBERANE OF LIPS TO OR TOWARS THE CREST OF THERESIDUAL RIDGE ON THE LABIAL SURFACE
IT CAN BE NARROW OR BROAD
IT MAY BE SINGLE OR MULTIPLE
IT HAS NO MUSCLE FIBERS OF SIGNIFICANCE
LABIAL VESTIBULE / LABIAL FLANGE
IT EXTENDS ON BOTH SIDES FROM LABIAL FRENUM TOBUCCAL FRENUM
IT IS DIVIDED INTO TWO COMPARTMENTS BY LABIALFRENUM,NAMELY RIGHT AND LEFT
THE TONE OF ORBICULARIS ORIS MUSCLE DEPENDS ON THE SUPPORT RECEIVED FROM THE LABIAL FLANGE OF THE DENTURE AND POSITION OF ARTIFICIAL TEETH
VESTIBULE IS COVERED BY LINIG OF MUCOSA
BUCCAL FRENUM
IT EXTENDS FROM BUCCAL MUCOSAL MEMBERANE AND SEPERATES THE LABIAL AND BUCCAL VESTIBULE
LEVATOR ANGULI ORIS – ATTACHES BENEATH THE FRENUM
ORBICULARIS ORIS – PULL THE FRENUM IN A FORWARD DIRECTION
BUCCINATOR – PULL THE FRENUM IN THE BACKWARD DIRECTION
GREATER CLEARANCE IS NEEDED ON THE BUCCAL FLANGE OF DENTURE
BUCCAL VESTIBULE
IT EXTENDS FROM THE BUCCAL FRENUM ANTERIORLYTO THE HAMULAR NOTCH POSTERIORLY
IT IS BOUND EXTERNALLY BY THE CHEEK AND INTERNALLY BY RESIDUAL RDGE
DISTAL END OF THE DENTURE SHOULD BE ADJUSTED IN SUCH A WAY THAT THERE IS NO INTERFERENCE TO THE CORONOID PROCESS DURING OPENING OF MOUTH
SIZE OF THE BUCCAL VESTIBULE VARIES
HAMULAR NOTCH
IT IS A DEPRESSION SITUATED BETWEEN MAXILLARY TUBEROSITY AND HAMULUS OF MEDIAL PTERYGOID PLATE
IT IS A SOFT AREA OF LOOSE AREOLAR TISSUE
PTERYGOMANDIBULAR LIGAMENT ATTACHES TO THE HAMULUS
THE DENTURE BORDER EXTENDS TO THE HAMULAR NOTCH OR ELSE THERE IS PAIN DURING DENTURE WEAR
TISSUE IN THIS AREA CAN BE SAFELY DISPLACED TO ACHIEVE POSTERIOR PALATAL SEAL
POSTERIOR PALATAL SEAL AREA
IT IS DISTAL TO THE JUNCTION OF HARD AND SOFT PALATE
VIBRATING LINE- AREA AT THE JUNCTION OF HARD ANDSOFT PALATE
POSTERIOR EXTENSION OF THE POSTERIOR PALATAL SEALIS DETERMINED BY THE VIBRATING LINES
FUNCTIONS1. AIDS IN RETENTION2. REDUCES THE TENDENCY OF GAG REFLEX3. PREVENT FOOD ACCUMULATION4. COMPENSATE FOR POLYMERIZATION SHRINKAGE
POSTERIOR PALATAL SEAL AREA
PTERYGOMAXILARY SEAL POST PALATAL SEAL
EXTENDS 3-4mm ANTEROLATERALLY ACROSS THEHAMULAR NOTCH
IT EXTENDS BETWEEN TWO MAXILLARY TUBEROSITIES
SUPPORTING STRUCTURES
PRIMARY STRESS BEARING AREAS HARD PALATE POSTEROLATERAL SLOPES OF THE RESIDUAL ALVEOLAR RIDGE
SECONDARY STRESS BEARING AREAS RUGAE MAXILLARY TUBEROSITY/ALVEOLAR TUBERCLE
HARD PALATE
ANTERIOR REGION-FORMED BY THE PALATINE SHELVES OF THE MAXLLARY BONE WHICH MEET AT THE CENTER TO FORM THE MEDIAN SUTURE
POSTERIOR REGION –THE HORIZONTAL PLATE OF THE PALATINE BONE
SUBMUCOSA IN THE MIDPALATINE SUTURE IS EXTREMELYTHIN
HORIZONTAL PORTION OF THE HARD PALATELATERAL TO THE MIDLINE ACT AS PRIMARY SUPPORT AREA
RUGAE AREA ACT AS SECONDARY SUPPORT AREA
RESIDUAL RIDGE
PORTION OF THE ALVEOLAR RIDGE AND ITS SOFT TISSUECOVERINGWHICH REMAINS FOLLOWING THE REMOVAL OFTEETH
POSTEROLATERAL PORTION-IS THE PRIMARY STRESS BEARING AREA
CREST OF RIDGE IS THE SECONDARY STRESS BEARING AREA
SUBMUCOSA OVER RIDGE HAS ADEQUATE RESILENCY TOSUPPORT THE DENTURE
RUGAE
THEY ARE WASTE AREAS OF DENSE CONNECTIVE TISSUERADIATING FROM THE MEDIAN SUTURE IN THE ANTERIORONE THIRD OF THE PALATE
IT IS A SECONDARY SUPPORT AREA
IT RESIST ANTERIOR DISPLACEMENT OF DENTURE
THE FOLDS OF THE MUCOSA PLAYS AN IMPORTANT ROLE IN SPEECH
MAILLARY TUBEROSITY
IT IS THE BULBOUS EXTENSION OF THE RESIDUAL RIDGE IN THE SECOND AND THIRD MOLAR REGION
THEY ARE LEAST LIKELY TO RESORB
A ROUGH PROMINENCE BEHIND THE POSITION OF THE LASTTOOTH IS CALLED ALVEOLAR TUBERCLE
RELIEF AREA
INCISIVE PAPILLA
CUSPID EMINENCE
MID PALATINE RAPHE
FOVEA PALATINA
INCISIVE PAPILLA
MIDLINE STRUCTURE SITUATED BEHIND THE CENTRAL INCISORS
IT IS THE EXIT POINT OF NASOPALATINE NERVE OR VESSEL
IT SHOULD BE RELIEVED IF NOT THE DENTURE WILL COMPRESS THE VESSELS OR NERVES AND LEAD TO NECROSIS OF THE DISTRIBUTING AREAS AND PARAESTHESIAOF ANTERIOR PALATE
CUSPID EMINENCE
IT IS A BONY ELEVATION ON THE RESIDUAL ALVEOLARFORMED AFTER THE EXTRACTION OF CANINE
IT IS LOCATED BEWEEN THE CANINE AND FIRST PREMOLARREGION
MID PALATINE RAPHEAREA EXTENDING FROM INCISIVE PAPILLA TO THE DISTALEND OF HARD PALATE
THE MUCOSA OVER THIS AREA IS USUALLY TIGHTLY ATTACHEDTO AND THIN ,UNDERLYING BONY UNION BEING VERY DENSE AND RAISED
THE PALATAL TORUS IS LOCATED HERE IF PRESENT
THIS AREA IS SENSITIVE PART OF THE PALATE TO PRESSURE
IT SHOULD BE RELIEVED DURING DENTURE FABRICATION
FOVEA PALATINA
FORMED BY COALESENCE OF THE DUCTS OF SEVERALMUCOUS GLANDS
THEY ARE USUALLY TWO IN NUMBER FORMED ONE ON EACH SIDE OF MIDLINE AND SLIGHTLY POSTERIOR TO THE JUNCTION OF HARD AND SOFT PALATE
IT ACT AS AN ARBITARY GUIDE TO LOCATE POSTERIORBORDER OF THE DENTURE
THE DENTURE CAN EXTEND 1-2mm BEYOND THE FOVEAPALATINA
AIDS IN RETENTION
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