anatomy- quiz 1 dr. brasington. anatomical position
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Anatomy- Quiz 1Dr. Brasington
Anatomical Position
Term Definition Example
Superior Toward the head end of upper part of body.
The heart is superior to the pelvis.
Inferior Away from the head end and toward the lower part of the body.
The chest is inferior to the head.
Anterior (ventral) Toward the front or belly side. The nose is on the anterior side of the head.
Posterior (dorsal) Toward the back. The spinal cord extends down the posterior side of the body.
Medial Toward the midline. The sternum is medial to the ribs.
Lateral Away from the midline. The ears are lateral to the nose.
Superficial Toward the surface of the body. The skin is superficial to the visceral organs.
Deep Away from the surface of the body.
The heart lies deep to the sternum.
Proximal Toward a structure’s origin or point of attachment to the trunk.
The shoulder is proximal to the elbow.
Distal Away from a structure’s origin or point of attachment to the trunk.
The wrist is distal to the shoulder.
Planes of Reference
(Frontal Plane)
(Cross-sectional Plane)
• Coronal Plane (Frontal Plane)• Divides body into anterior
and posterior portions
• Sagittal Plane• Divides body into left and
right portions• Midsagittal Plane• Parasagittal Plane
• Transverse Plane (Cross-sectional Plane)• Divides the body into
superior and inferior portions
Facial
Cranial
Cervical
Thoracic
AntebrachialAntecubital
Axillary
Brachial
Palmer
Umbilical
Inguinal
Pubic
Lumbar
Sacral
Gluteal
PoplitealPatellar
Plantar
Femoral
Calcaneal
REGION: PERTAINING TO THE: REGION: PERTAINING TO THE:
Facial Face Pubic Gential Region
Cranial Cranium Inguinal Groin
Cervical Neck Lumbar Lower Back
Thoracic Chest (Thorax) Gluteal Buttock
Axillary Armpit (Axilla) Popliteal Posterior Knee (Popliteal Fossa)
Brachial Arm (Brachium) Patellar Anterior Knee
Antecubital Anterior Elbow (Cubital Fossa) Plantar Sole of the Foot
Antebrachial Forearm (Antebrachium) Sacral Tailbone
Palmer Palm of the Hand Femoral Thigh
Umbilical Naval (Umbilicus) Calcaneal Heel
Body Cavities
Body Cavities• Dorsal Cavity
– Cranial Cavity: Brain– Vertebral Cavity: Spinal Cord
• Ventral Cavity– Thoracic Cavity
• Mediastinum: Esophagus, thymus, heart, trachea• Pleural Cavity: Lungs• Pericardial Cavity: Heart
– Abdominopelvic Cavity• Abdominal Cavity: Liver, spleen, stomach, small intestines, large intestines• Pelvic Cavity: Bladder, internal genitalia (ovary and testes)• Retroperitoneal: Kidney, pancreas
Nervous Cardiovascular Respiratory Digestive Urinary ReproductiveSystem System System System System SystemBrain Heart Trachea Esophagus Kidney OvarySpinal Cord Lungs Stomach Bladder Testes
S. IntestineL. IntestineLiverPancreas
Diaphragm: skeletal muscle between the Thoracic and Abdominopelvic Cavities
Serous Membranes of the Ventral CavitySerous Membranes: line the inside walls of the ventral cavities and cover the organs of the ventral cavities
Parietal Layer: outer layer that attaches to the cavity wallVisceral Layer: inner layer that adheres to an inner organ***A small space that contains serous fluid separates the 2 layers
Parietal Pleura: outer serous membrane of the lung Visceral Pleura: inner serous membrane attached to the lung
Parietal Pericardium: outer serous membrane of the heart Visceral Pericardium: inner serous membrane attached to the heart
Parietal Peritoneum: outer serous membrane of the abdominal organs Visceral Peritoneum: inner serous membrane of the abdominal organs
Abdominopelvic Divisions
Organ Systems
The End