ap exam review (chapter 2)

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AP Exam Review (Chapter 2) hasa verticaltangentat 2,0 and horizontaltangentsat 1,-1 and 3,1 . Forw hatvaluesofx, in the open interval -2,4 , is notdifferentiable? f f (A )0 only (B)0 and 2 only (C)1 and 3 only (D )0, 1, and 3 only (E)0, 1, 2, and 3

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Page 1: AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

has a vertical tangent at 2,0 and horizontal tangents at

1,-1 and 3,1 . For what values of x, in the open interval

-2,4 , is not differentiable?

f

f

(A) 0 only

(B) 0 and 2 only

(C) 1 and 3 only

(D) 0, 1, and 3 only

(E) 0, 1, 2, and 3

Page 2: AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

Let and be differentiable functions with the following

properties:

f g

(i) ( ) 0 for all

(ii) (0) 1

g x x

f

If ( ) ( ) ( ) and '( ) ( ) '( ), then ( )h x f x g x h x f x g x f x

(A) '( ) (B) ( ) (C) (D) 0 (E) 1 xf x g x e

& is a constant functionf

Page 3: AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

2

What is the instantaneous rate of change at 2 of the

2function given by ( ) ?

1

x

xf f x

x

1 1(A) 2 (B) (C) (D) 2 (E) 6

6 2

Page 4: AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

(A) 2 1 (B) 1 (C) (D) 1 (E) 0y x y x y x y x y

An equation of the line tangent to the graph of cos

at the point 0,1 is

y x x

Page 5: AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

( ) tan(2 ) '6

f x x f

(A) 3 (B) 2 3 (C) 4 (D) 4 3 (E) 8

Page 6: AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

Let be the function given by ( ) . Which of the

following statements about are true?

f f x x

f

I. is continuous at 0.f x II. is differentiable at 0.f x

III. has an absolute minimum at 0.f x

(A) I only (B) II only (C) III only (D) I and III only (E) II and III only

Page 7: AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

4 2

Which of the following is an equation of the line tangent to

the graph of ( ) 2 at the point where '( ) 1?f x x x f x

(A) 8 5

(B) 7

(C) 0.763

(D) 0.122

(E) 2.146

y x

y x

y x

y x

y x

Page 8: AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

If the base of a triangle is increasing at a rate of

3 inches per minute while its height is decreasing

at a rate of 3 inches per minute, which of the following

must be true about the area of the

b

h

A triangle?

(A) is always increasing.

(B) is always decreasing.

(C) is decreasing only when .

(D) is decreasing only when .

(E) is remains constant.

A

A

A b h

A b h

A

Page 9: AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

2

A particle moves along the -axis so that its position at time

is given by ( ) 6 5. For what value of is the

velocity of the particle zero?

x

t x t t t t

(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4 (E) 5

Page 10: AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

2If 10, then when 2, dy

x xy xdx

7 2 3 7(A) - (B) -2 (C) (D) (E)

2 7 2 2

2 10

2 ' 0

2' 2 /

x xy

x y xy

x yy y x

x

Page 11: AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

Which of the following could be the derivative of the graph

shown above?

Page 12: AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

2

The function is differentiable for all real numbers. The

1point 3, is on the graph of ( ), and the slope of

4

each point , on the graph is given by 6 2 .

f

y f x

dyx y y x

dx

2

2

2

1(a) Find and evaluate it at the point 3, .

4

(b) Find ( ) by solving the differential equation

1 6 2 with the initial condition (3) .

4

d y

dx

y f x

dyy x f

dx

2

23 22

12 6 2 2

8

d yy x y

dx

2

1

6 13y

x x

Page 13: AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

2

Water in this container is evaporating so that the depth

-3 1is changing at the constant rate of / .

10 3

(a) Find the volume of water in the container when

5 cm. Indicate units

h

cm hr V r h

V

h

of measure.

(b) Find the rate of change of the volume of water in the

container, with respect to time, when 5 cm. Indicate

units of measure.

(c) Show that the rate of change of the volume of w

h

ater

in the container due to evaporation is directly

proportional to the exposed surface area of the water.

What is the constant of proportionality?

3125 cm

12

315 cm /

8

dVhr

dt

circledAdVk

dt dt

Help?

3

10k

Page 14: AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

2 3

2 2

3

Consider the curve given by 6.

3(a) Show that .

2

(b) Find all points on the curve whose -coordinate is 1,

and write an equation for the tangent line at each of these

poi

xy x y

dy x y y

dx xy x

x

nts.

(c) Find the -coordinate of each point on the curve where

the tangent line is vertical.

x

Implicit Differentiation

(1, 2) & (1,3) 2,0m 2 & 3y x y

0 &???x 21

Plug into the original equation2

y x 5 24x

Page 15: AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

AP Exam Review (Chapter 3)

3 2

What is the -coordinate of the point of inflection on the

1graph of 5 24?

3

x

y x x

10(A) 5 (B) 0 (C) (D) 5 (E) 10

3

Page 16: AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

AP Exam Review (Chapter 3)

The graph of a twice-differentiable function is shown in

the figure above. Which of the following is true?

f

(A) (1) '(1) ''(1)

(B) (1) ''(1) '(1)

(C) '(1) (1) ''(1)

f f f

f f f

f f f

(D) ''(1) (1) '(1)

(E) ''(1) '(1) (1)

f f f

f f f

Page 17: AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

AP Exam Review (Chapter 3)

2If ''( ) ( 1)( 2) , then the graph of has inflection

points when

f x x x x f

x

(A) -1 only (B) 2 only (C) 1 and 0 only

(D) 1 and 2 only (E) 1, 0, and 2 only

Page 18: AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

AP Exam Review (Chapter 3)

4 2The function is given by ( ) 2. On which of

the following intervals is increasing?

f f x x x

f

1(A) ,

2

1 1(B) ,

2 2

(C) 0,

(D) ,0

1(E) ,

2

Page 19: AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

AP Exam Review (Chapter 3)

3 2

The maximum acceleration attained on the interval 0 3

by the particle whose velocity is given by

( ) 3 12 4 is

t

v t t t t

(A) 9 (B) 12 (C) 14 (D) 21 (E) 40

Page 20: AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

AP Exam Review (Chapter 3)

The function is continuous on the closed interval 0,2 and

1has values that are given in the table above. If ( ) , then

2( ) ( ) must have at least two solutions in the interval 0,2

if

f

g x

f x g x

k

1(A) 0 (B) (C) 1 (D) 2 (E) 3

2

0,1

1,0

2,2

1/ 2y

f x

g x

Page 21: AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

AP Exam Review (Chapter 3)

The graph of the function is shown above. Which of the

following statements about is false?

f

f

(A) is continuous .

(B) has a relative maxima at .

(C) is in the domain of .

f at x a

f x a

x a f

(D) lim ( ) lim ( )f x f xx a x a

(E) lim ( ) existsf xx a

Page 22: AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

AP Exam Review (Chapter 3)

2

The first derivative of the function is given by

cos 1'( ) . How many critical values does have

5on the open interval 0,10 ?

f

xf x f

x

(A) One

(B) Three

(C) Four

(D) Five

(E) Seven

Page 23: AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

AP Exam Review (Chapter 3)

The graphs of the derivatives of the function , , and are

shown above. Which of the functions , , or have a

relative maximum on the open interval ?

f g h

f g h

a x b (A) only (B) only (C) only

(D) and only (E) , , and

f g h

f g f g h

Page 24: AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

AP Exam Review (Chapter 3)

2

If is a differentiable function such that ( ) 0 for all real

numbers and if '( ) 4 ( ), which of the

following are true?

g g x

x f x x g x

(A) has a relative maximum at 2 and a relative minimum at 2.

(B) has a relative minimum at 2 and a relative maximum at 2.

(C) has a relative minima at 2 and at 2.

(D) has a relat

f x x

f x x

f x x

f

ive maxima at 2 and at 2.

(E) It cannot be determined if has any relative extrema.

x x

f

'f x

Page 25: AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

AP Exam Review (Chapter 3)

Let be a function that is differentiable on the open interval

1,10 . If (2) -5, (5) 5, and (9) -5, which of the

following must be true?

f

f f f

I. has at least 2 zeros.fII. The graph of has at least one horizontal tangent.fIII. For some , 2 5, ( ) 3.c c f c

(A) None (B) I only (C) I and II only (D) I and III only (E) I, II and III

2, 5

5,5

9, 5

Page 26: AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

AP Exam Review (Chapter 3)

2

Let be a function defined for all 0 such that (4) 3

2and the derivative of is given by '( ) for all 0.

h x h

xh h x x

x

(a) Find the values of for which the graph of has ax h

horizontal tangent, and determine whether has a local

maximum, a local minimum, or neither at each of these

values. Justify your answers.

h

(b) On what intervals, if any, is the graph of concave up?

Justify your answer.

(c) Write an equation for the line tangent to the graph of

at 4.

(d) Does the tangent line to the graph of

h

h

x

h

at 4 lie above or

below the graph of for 4? Why?

x

h x

2, both are rel. minsx

is concave up on its entire domain.h

717

2y x

Below

Page 27: AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

Two runners, and , run on a straight racetrack for 0 10

seconds. The graph above, which consists of two line segments,

shows the velocity, in meters per second, of Runner . The

velocity, in meters

A B t

A

per second, of runner is given by the

24function defined by ( ) .

2 3

B

tv v t

t

(3,10) (10,10)

Time in seconds

Velocity of Runner A(meters per second)

Page 28: AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

(a) Find the velocity of runner and the velocity of Runner at

time 2 seconds. Indicate units of measure.

A B

t

(b) Find the acceleration of Runner and the acceleration

of Runner at time 2 seconds. Indicate units of

measure.

(c) Find the total distance run by Runner and the total

distanc

A

B t

A

e run by Runner over the time interval

0 10 seconds. Indicate units of measure.

B

t (2) 20 / 3 meters per second

(2) 48 / 7 meters per secondA

B

V

V

(2) 10 / 3 meters per second per second

(2) 72 / 49 meters per second per secondA

B

A

A

A

B

Distance 85 meters

Distance 83 meters

Page 29: AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

The graph above shows ', the derivative of , for 7 7.

The graph of 'has horizontal tangent lines at 3, 2,

and 5, and a vertical tangent line at 3.

f f x

f x x

x x

(a) Find all values of , for 7 7, at which attains a

relative minimum. Justify your answer.

(b) Find all values of , for 7 7, at which attains a

relative maximum. Justify your answe

x x f

x x f

r.

(c) Find all values of , for 7 7, at which ''( ) 0.

(d) At what value of , for 7 7, does attain its

absolute maximum? Justify your answer.

x x f x

x x f

1x

5x

7, 3 & 2,5

7, on -1,7 , ' 0x f

Definition

Page 30: AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

AP Exam Review (Chapter 4)2

1

2e xdx

x

2 22 21 1 5

(A) (B) (C) (D) 2 (E) 2 2 2 2

e ee e e e e

e

If is a linear function and 0 , then ''( )b

af a b f x

2 2

(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) (D) (E) 2 2

ab b ab a

Rewrite the integrand

Page 31: AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

AP Exam Review (Chapter 4)

2

3What are the values of for which 0

kk x dx

(A) 3 (B) 0 (C) 3 (D) 3 and 3 (E) 3,0 and 3

3

0If ( ) 1 , then '(2)

xF x t dt F

(A) -3 (B) 2 (C) 2 (D) 3 (E) 18

Page 32: AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

AP Exam Review (Chapter 4)

0sinx

tdt

(A) sin (B) cos (C) cos (D) cos 1 (E) 1 cosx x x x x

0Do not confuse with sin sin

xdtdt x

dx

Page 33: AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

AP Exam Review (Chapter 4)

2

A particle moves along the -axis with velocity given by

( ) sin for 0.

y

x t t t t

(a) In which direction (up or down) is the particle moving

at time 1.5? Why?

(b) Find the acceleration of the particle at time 1.5. Is the

velocity of the particle increasing at 1.5?

t

t

t

Why or why

not?

(c) Given that ( ) is the position of the particle at time and

that (0) 3, find (2).

(d) Find the total distance traveled by the particle from

0 2.

y t t

y y

t to t

Up because ( ) 0x t

( ) 2.05, ( ) is decreasing

because acceleration is neg.

a t v t

(2) 3.83y

0.83 units

Page 34: AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

AP Exam Review (Chapter 4)

3 2

A cubic polynomial function is defined by

( ) 4

where , , and are constants. The function has a local

minimum at 1, and the graph of has a point of inflection

at 2

f

f x x ax bx k

a b k f

x f

x

1

0

.

(a) Find the values of and .

(b) If ( ) 32, what is the value of ?

a b

f x dx k24, 36a b

5k

2' 12 2

' 1 12 2 0

'' 24 2

f x x ax b

f a b

f x x a

'' 2 48 2 0

24, 36

f

b

a

a

1

13 2 4 3 2

00

4 24 36 24 / 3 18

1 24 / 3 18 32

x x x k dx x x x kx

k

Page 35: AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

AP Exam Review (Chapter 4)

1

The graph of the function , consisting of three line segments,

is given below. Let ( ) ( ) .x

f

g x f t dt

(a) Compare (4) and (-2).

(b) Find the instantaneous rate of change of , with respect to

, at 1.

(c) Find the absolute minimum value of on the closed

interval -2,4 . Justify your answer

g g

g

x x

g

.

(d) The second derivative of is not defined at 1 and 2.

How many of these values are -coordinates of points of

inflection of the graph of ? Justify your answer.

g x x

x

g

(4) 5 / 2 ( 2) 6g g

4

2

Both

Page 36: AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

An object moves along the -axis with initial position (0) 2.

The velocity of the object at time 0 is given by ( ) sin .3

(a) What is the acceleration of the object at time 4?

(b) Consider t

x x

t v t t

t

he following two statements.

Statement I: For 3 4.5, the velocity is decreasing.

Statement II: For 3 4.5, the speed is increasing.

Are either or both of these statements correct

t

t

? Justify

(c) What is the total distance traveled by the object over the time

interval 0 4?

(d) What is the position of the object at time 4?

t

t

AP Exam Review (Chapter 4)

( ) cos3 3

a t t

, Speed ( )Both v t

1.4 units3.4 units

Page 37: AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

AP Exam Review (Chapter 4)If is continuous for and differentiable for

, which of the following could be false?

f a x b

a x b

( ) ( )(A) '( ) for some such that .

(B) '( ) 0 for some such that

(C) has a minimum value on .

(D) has a maximum value on .

(E) ( ) exists.b

a

f b f af c c a c b

b af c c a c b

f a x b

f a x b

f x dx

FalseFalse

False

True

True

Page 38: AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

AP Exam Review (Chapter 4)

3

1

If is a continuous function and if '( ) ( ) for all

real numbers , then (2 )

f F x f x

x f x dx

(A) 2 (3) 2 (1)

1 1(B) (3) (1)

2 2(C) 2 (6) - 2 (2)

(D) (6) - (2)

1 1(E) (6) (2)

2 2

F f

F F

F F

F F

F F

Page 39: AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

The flow of oil, in barrels per hour, through a pipeline on

July 9 is given by the graph. Of the following, which best

approximates the total number of barrels of oil that passed

through the pipeline that day?

(A) 500 (B) 600 (C) 2,400 (D) 3,000 (E) 4,800

Page 40: AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

AP Exam Review (Chapter 4)

x 2 5 7 8

f(x) 10 30 40 20

8

2

The function is continuous on the closed interval 2,8 and

has values that are given in the table. Using the subintervals

2,5 , 5,7 , and 7,8 , what is the trapezoidal

approximation of ( ) ?

f

f x dx

(A) 110 (B) 130 (C) 160 (D) 190 (E) 210

Page 41: AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

AP Exam Review (Chapter 4)

0

The graph of the function consists of two line segments.

Let be the function given by ( ) ( ) .x

f

g g x f t dt

(a) Find (-1), '(-1), and ''(-1).

(b) For what values of x in the open

interval 2, 2 is increasing? Explain

(c) For what values of x in the open

interval 2, 2 is the graph of concave

g g g

g

g

down? Explain

(d) On the axes provided, sketch the graph

of on the closed interval -2,2 .g

3, 0, 3

2

in 1,1x

in 0,2 , ''( ) 0x g x

Page 42: AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

AP Exam Review (Chapter 4)The rate at which water flows out of a pipe,

in gallons per hour, is given by the differential

function of time . The table shows the rate

as measured every three hours for a 24-hour period.

R t

24

0

(a) Use a midpoint Riemann sum with 4

subdivisions of equal length to approximate

( ) . Using correct units, explain the

meaning of your answer in terms of water flow.

(b) Is there s

R t dt

2

ome time , 0 24, such that '( ) 0?

Justify your answer.

(c) The rate of water flow ( ) can be approximated

1 by ( ) 768 23 . Use ( ) to

79 approximate the average rate of water

t t R t

R t

Q t t t Q t

flow during

the 24-hour time period. Indicate units of measure.

255 gallons in a 24 hour period

No, concavity doesn’t change

Approximately 10.8 gallons per hour

Page 43: AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

Let be a differentiable function. The table gives the values

of and ' for selected points in 1.5,1.5 . ''( ) 0 in

1.5,1.5 .

f

f f x f x x

Page 44: AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

(d) Let ( )={g x22 7 for 0x x x 22 7 for 0.x x x

The graph of passes through each of the points , ( )

given in the table. Is it possible that and are the same

function? Give a reason for your answer.

g x f x

f g

3/2

0(a) Evaluate (3 '( ) 4) . Show the work that leads

to your answer.

(b) Write an equation of the line tangent to the graph of

at the point where 1. Use this point to approximate the

f x dx

f

x

value of (1.2). Is this approximation greater than or less

than the actual value of (1.2)? Why?

(c) Find a positive real number having the property that

there must exist a value w

f

f

r

c ith 0 0.5 and ''( ) .

Give a reason for your answer.

c f c r

24

5 9y x (1.2) 3f

, because the tangent is below the curve

No, g is not differentiable at x=0

6r

Page 45: AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

2

The rate at which people enter an amusement park on a

given day is modeled by the function defined by

15600 ( )

24 160

The rate at which people leave the same amusement park on

th

E

E tt t

2

e same day is modeled by the function defined by

9890 ( )

38 370

Both ( ) and ( ) are measured in people per hour and time

is measured in hours after midnight. These functions

L

L tt t

E t L t

t

are

valid for 9 23, the hours during which the park is open.

At time 9, there are no people in the park.

t

t

Page 46: AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

(a) How many people have entered the park by 5:00 PM

( 17)? Round answer to the nearest whole number.

(b) The price of admission to the park is $15 until 5:00 PM

( 17). After 5:00 PM, the pri

t

t

9

ce of admission is $11.

How many dollars are collected from admissions to the

park on the given day? Round your answer to the nearest

whole number.

(c) Let ( ) ( ) - ( ) for 9 23. Tt

H t E x L x dx t he value of

(17) to the nearest whole number is 3725. Find the

value of '(17) and explain the meaning of (17) and

'(17) in the context of the park.

(d) At what time , for 9 23, doe

H

H H

H

t t s the model predict

that the number of people in the park is a maximum?

Page 47: AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

2

A car is traveling on a straight road with velocity 55 ft/sec

at time 0. For 0 18 seconds, the car's acceleration

( ), in ft/sec , is the piecewise linear function defined by

the graph.

t t

a t

(2,15) (18,15)

(10, 15) (10, 15)

2

( )

(ft / sec )

a t

(seconds)t

Page 48: AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

(a) Is the velocity of the car increasing at 2 seconds? Why

or why not?

(b) At what time in the interval 0 18, other than 0, is

the velocity of the car 55 / sec? Why or why not?

(c) On th

t

t t

ft

e interval 0 18, what is the car's absolute

maximum velocity, in ft/sec, and at what time does it

occur? Justify your answer.

(d) At what times in the interval 0 18, if any, is the car's

t

t

velocity equal to zero? Justify your answer.

Increasing because (2) 0.a

6, a(6)=0 and ( ) goes from + to .t a x (18) (0) (6)v v v

( ) 0, the absolute min is 0v x

(6) 115 ft/sec, (10)=85 ft/sec, (12)=55 ft/secv v v

Page 49: AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

The temperature, in degrees Celsius, of the water in a pond

is a differentiable function of time . The table shows the

water temperatures as recorded every 3 days over a 15-day

period.

W t

Page 50: AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

(a) Use data from the table to find an approximation for

(12). Show the computations that lead to your answer.

Indicate units of measure.

(b) Approximate the average temperature, in degrees

'W

Celsius,

of the water over the time interval 0 15 days by

using a trapezoidal approximation with subintervals of

3 days.

(c) A student proposes the function , given by

( ) 2

t

t

P

P t

(- /3)0 10 , as a model for the temperature of the

water in the pond at time , where is measured in days

and ( ) is measured in degrees Celsius. Find '(12).

Using appropriate units

tte

t t

P t P

, explain the meaning of your

answer in terms of water temperature.

(d) Use the function defined in part (c) to find the average

value, in degrees Celsius, of ( ) over the time interv

P

P t al

0 15 days.t

(15) (9) 1'(12) degrees Celsius per day

15 9 2

w ww

15(20 62 56 48 44 21) 376.5

10

1376.5 25.1 degrees Celsius

15

.549 C/day

25.757 C

Page 51: AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

2

1

1e xdx

x

2 22 21 1 3

(A) - (B) 2 (C) (D) 2 (E) 2 2 2 2

e ee e e ee

Page 52: AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

If ( )f x

(A) ln 2 (B) ln8 (C) ln16 (D) 4 (E) DNE

then lim ( ) isf x2x

{ln for 0 2x x

2 ln 2 for 2 4,x x

Page 53: AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

If and is a nonzero constant, then could bedy

ky k ydt

2

(A) 2 (B) 2 (C) +3

1 1(D) 5 (E)

2 2

kty kt kte e e

kty ky

Page 54: AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

2

3

Let be the function given by ( ) 3 and let be the

function given by ( ) 6 . At what value of do the

graphs of and have parallel tangent lines?

xf f x e g

g x x x

f g

(A) 0.701 (B) 0.567 (C) 0.391 (D) 0.302 (E) 0.258

Page 55: AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

Population grows according to the equation ,

where is a constant and is measured in years. If the

population doubles every 10 years, then the value of is

dyy ky

dtk t

k

(A) 0.069 (B) 0.200 (C) 0.301 (D) 3.322 (E) 5.000

Page 56: AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

If ( ) sin( ), then '( )xf x e f x

(A) cos( )

(B) cos( )

(C) cos( )

(D) cos

(E) cos

x

x x

x x

x x

x x

e

e e

e e

e e

e e

Page 57: AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

The temperature outside a house during a 24-hour period is

given by

(a) Sketch the graph of . F

( ) 80 10cos , 0 24,12

tF t t

where ( ) is measured in degrees Fahrenheit and is

measured in hours.

F t t

(b) Find the average temperature, to the nearest degree,

between 6 and 14. t t (c) An air conditioner cooled the house whenever the

outside temperature was at or above 78 degrees

Fahrenheit. For what values of was the air conditioner

cooling the house?

t

0,70

24,70

87.1625

5.23<x<18.77

Page 58: AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

The temperature outside a house during a 24-hour period is

given by

(d) The cost of cooling the house accumulates at a rate of

$0.05 per hour for each degree the outside temperature

exceeds 78 degrees Fahrenheit. What was the total cost,

to the nearest cent, to cool the house for this 24-hour

period?

( ) 80 10cos , 0 24,12

tF t t

where ( ) is measured in degrees Fahrenheit and is

measured in hours.

F t t

Page 59: AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

-2

Suppose that the function has a continuous second

derivative for all , and that (0) 2, '(0) 3, and

''(0) 0. Let be a function whose derivative is given by

'( ) [3 ( ) 2 '( )] for all .x

f

x f f

f g

g x e f x f x x

(a) Write an equation for the tangent line to the graph of

at the point where 0.

(b) Is there sufficient information to determine whether or

not the graph of has a point of inflection

f

x

f

-2

where 0?

Explain your answer.

(c) Given that (0) 4, write an equation of the line tangent

to the graph of at the point where 0.

(d) Show that ''( ) [ 6 ( ) '( ) 2 ''( )]. Does

x

x

g

g x

g x e f x f x f x

have a local maximum at 0? Justify your answer.g x

2 3y x

No, I don't know if ''( ) changes sign at 0.f x x

Inflection Points

4y

Yes

Page 60: AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

The temperature, in degrees Celsius, of the water in a pond

is a differentiable function of time . The table shows the

water temperatures as recorded every three days over a

15-day period.

W t

(a) Use data from the table to find an approximation for

'(12). Show the computations that lead to your answer.

Indicate units of measure.

(b) Approximate the average temperature, in degrees

W

Celsius,

of the water over the time interval 0 15 days by

using a trapezoidal approximation with subintervals of

length 3 days.

t

t

Page 61: AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

The temperature, in degrees Celsius, of the water in a pond

is a differentiable function of time . The table shows the

water temperatures as recorded every three days over a

15-day period.

W t

- /3

(c) A student proposes the function , given by

( ) 20 10 , as a model for the temperature of the

water in the pond at time , where is measured in days

and ( ) is measured in de

t

P

P t te

t t

P t

grees Celsius. Find '(12).

Using appropriate units, explain the meaning of your

answer in terms of water temperature.

(d) Use the function defined in part (c) to find the average

valu

P

P

e, in degrees Celsius, of ( ) over the time interval

0 15 days.

P t

t

Page 62: AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

2

The function is differentiable for all real numbers. The

1point 3, is on the graph of ( ), and the slope at

4

each point , on the graph is given by 6 2 .

f

y f x

dyx y y x

dx

2

2

2

1(a) Find and evaluate it at the point 3, .

4

(b) Find ( ) by solving the differential equation

1 6 2 with the initial condition (3) .

4

d y

dx

y f x

dyy x f

dx

Page 63: AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

2Let be a function given by ( ) 2 .xf f x xe

(a) Find the lim ( ) and lim ( ).

(b) Find the absolute minimum of . Justify your answer.

(c) What is the range of ?

(d) Consider the family of functions defined by ,

where is a nonzer

bx

f x f x

f

f

y bxe

b

o constant. Show that the absolute

minimum value of is the same for all nonzero

values of .

bxbxe

b

x x

Page 64: AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

2

Let be a function with (1) 4 such that for all points

3 1, on the graph of f the slope is given by .

2

f f

xx y

y

(a) Find the slope of the graph of at the point where 1.

(b) Write an equation for the tangent line to the graph of

at 1 and use it to approximate (1.2).

(c) Find ( ) by solving the sepe

f x

f

x f

f x

2

rable differential equation

3 1 with the initial condition (1) 4.

2

(d) Use your solution from part (c) to find (1.2).

dy xf

dx y

f

Page 65: AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

2

2

3Consider the differential equation .

y

dy x

dx e

(a) Find a solution ( ) to the differential equation

1 satisfying (0) .

2(b) Find the domain and range of the function found in part

(a).

y f x

f

f

Page 66: AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

2

Determine the area of the region bounded by the graphs of

4 and 4.y x x y x

(A) 9 / 2

(B) 23/ 6

(C) 9 / 2

(D) 8 / 3

(E) None of these

Page 67: AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

3

Find the volume of the sold formed by revolving the region

bounded by , 1, and 2 about the - .y x y x x axis

(A) 127 / 7

(B) 120 / 7

(C) 240 / 7

(D) 1013 /10

(E) None of these

Page 68: AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

2

Identify the definite integral that represents the area of the

surface formed by revolving the graph of ( ) on the

interval 0, 2 about the - .

f x x

x axis

2 2 4

0

2 2 2

0

2 2

0

2

0

(A) 2 1

(B) 2 1 4

(C) 2 1 4

1(D) 2 1

(E) None of these

x x dx

x x dx

x x dx

y dyy

Page 69: AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

2

Find the volume of the solid formed by revolving the region

bounded by the graphs of +1 and 0 about the

-axis.

y x y

x

(A) 2 / 3

(B) 8 /15

(C) 16 /15

(D) 4 / 3

(E) None of these

Page 70: AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

Identify the definite integral that represents the arc length of

the curve over the interval 0,3 .y x

3

0

3

0

3

0

3

0

1(A) 1

4

1(B) 1

2

(C) 1

(D)

(E) None of these

dxx

dxx

xdx

xdx

Page 71: AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

3

Which of the following integrals represents the volume of

the solid formed by revolving the region bounded by ,

1, and 2, about the line 2?

y x

y x x

83

1

2 23 2

1

28 23

1

2 3

1

(A) 2 2 1

(B) 1 1

(C) 1

(D) 2 2 1

(E) None of these

y y dy

x dx

y dy

x x dx

Page 72: AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

3

Identify the definite integral that represents the area of the

surface formed by revolving the graph of ( ) on the

interval 0,1 about the -axis.

f x x

y

1 4

0

1 4

0

1 3 2

0

1 2

0

(A) 2 1 9

(B) 2 1 9

(C) 2 1 3

(D) 2 1 3

(E) None of these

x x dx

x dx

x x dx

x x dx

Page 73: AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

Find the volume of the solid generated by revolving the

region bounded by the graphs of ( ) 6 , 6, and the

- axis about the - axis.

f x x x

x y

(A) 864 / 5

(B) None of these

(C) 432

(D) 108

Page 74: AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

2

Find the volume of the solid formed by revolving the

region bounded by the graphs of 2 , 0, and 2

about the - axis.

y x x y

y

(A) / 4

(B) 2 /3

(C)

(D) 16 / 3

(E) None of these

Page 75: AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

Use your calculator to approximate the volume of the solid

formed by revolving the region bounded by , 0,

0 and 1 about the -axis. Round your answer to three

decimal places.

xy e y

x x y

(A) 1.359

(B) 6.283

(C) 8.540

(D) 9.870

(E) None of these

Page 76: AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

Find the area of the region bounded by the graphs of

( ) sin and ( ) cos , for / 4 5 / 4.f x x g x x x

2 2

Page 77: AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

Consider the surface formed by revolving the graph of

( ) sin on the closed interval 0, about the -axis.f x x x

(a) Write the integral that computes the surface area of the

solid described.

(b) Use your calculator to approximate the surface area.

Round your answer to three decimal places.

2

02 sin 1 cosx xdx

14.424

Page 78: AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

2

Find the volume of the solid formed by revolving the region

bounded by the graphs of and 4 about the -axis.y x y x

256

5

Page 79: AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

Find the volume of the solid formed by revolving the region

bounded by the graphs of 2, 0, and 6 about

the -axis.

y x y x

y

704

15

Page 80: AP Exam Review (Chapter 2)

Use the shell method to set up the integral that represents

the volume of the solid formed by revolving the region

1bounded by the graphs of and 2 2 5 about the

1line . (Do not evaluate the i

2

y x yx

y

ntegral.)

2

1/ 2

1 5 2 12

2 2

yy dy

y