AP World Final Exam Review

CausesMarx, Lenin, Nicholas, Rasputin, Alexander

Kerensky, Trotsky, StalinOutcome

Russian Revolution

Mandate System

GandhiIndian nationalist leader. where he spent 20 years

opposing discriminatory legislation against Indians. Promoted mass non-violent civil disobedienceHe supported the Home Rule movement, and

became leader of the Indian National Congress, advocating a policy of non-violent non-co-operation to achieve independence. His goal was to help poor farmers and laborers protest oppressive taxation and discrimination. He struggled to alleviate poverty, liberate women and put an end to caste discrimination, with the ultimate objective being self-rule for India.

First Prime Minister of an independent IndiaFather of Indira Gandhi

Nehru

US InvolvementTreaty of Versailles

Causes of World War I

Meeting among leaders of the U.S., Britain, and USSR in 1945

Discussed post war Europe

Yalta Conference

Help to establish an independent Turkish republic in 1923.

Modeled reforms off of Western idealsNew Latin alphabetWoman’s suffrage

Mustafa Kemal (aka: Ataturk)

a Turkish nationalist reform party in the early twentieth century, favoring reformation of the absolute monarchy of the Ottoman Empire.

Borrowed at some of their ideas from the earlier “Young Italy”

their leaders led a rebellion against Sultan Abdul Hamid II

They ruled the former Ottoman empire from 1908 until the end of World War I in November 1918.

Young Turks

Balfour Declaration

1958Efforts by Mao to revitalize the flagging revolution by restoring its mass, rural base.

Emphasis was place on self-reliance within the peasant communes

Great Leap Forward

The Cultural Revolution is the name given to Mao’s attempt to reassert his beliefs in China

Mao deliberately set out to create a cult for himself and to purge the Chinese Communist Party of anyone who did not fully support Mao

Cultural Revolution

This is the Japanese term for the industrial and financial conglomerates that controlled much of the nation’s industry.

influence and size allowed for control over significant parts of the Japanese economy from the Meiji period until the end of World War II.

Zaibatsu

set of companies with interlocking business relationships and shareholdings. It is a type of business group.

The keiretsu maintained dominance over the Japanese economy for the greater half of the 20th century, but are beginning to lose their grip

Keirestsu

Head of Revolutionary Alliance, organization that led the 1911 revolt against the Qing dynasty in China

Briefly elected president in 1911, but yielded in favor of Yuan Shikai in 1912

Created Nationalist party of China in 1919; died in 1925.

Sun Yat-Sen

Polish politician who co-founded the solidarity trade-union movement

Persecuted by the Polish communist government

Solidarity movement and Lech Walesa

Robert Oppenheimer is often called the father of the atomic bombHe was the guiding physicist in the

development of the atomic bomb

The Manhattan Project

an influential American painter and a major figure in the abstract expressionist movement

Jackson Pollock

an American artist who was a leading figure in the visual art movement known s pop art.

Andy Warhol

Japanese writerHis works, strongly influenced by French and

American literature and literary theory, deal with political, social and philosophical issues including nuclear weapons, nuclear power, and social non-conformism

Kenzaburo Oe

How did European colonialism affect Africa?

The economically powerful city nation-states in south East Asia that came into formation in the last half of the 20th century. (Hong Kong, Taiwan, Singapore and, South Korea.)

“Little Tigers”

Pol PotCambodian Maoist revolutionary who led the

Khmer Rough from 1963-1998Imposed agrarian socialism: forced urban

dwellers to relocate to the countryside to work in collective farms and forced labor projects

Genocide21% of the population died1.7-2.5 million people out of 8 million died from

starvation or executions

Cambodia

2nd President of Egypt1956: Egypt vs. Britain, France, and IsraelNationalized the Suez Canal

Nasser

Israel vs. Jordan, Egypt, and SyriaIsrael won

Took Gaza Strip and Sinai Peninsula from Egypt

West Bank and East Jerusalem from JordanGolan heights from Syria

Six Day War 1967

Israel attacked by Arab states led by Egypt and Syria on Yom Kippur

U.S. and U.S.S.R supplied each side, almost coming into direct conflict with each other

Israel WinsHumiliates the Arab World and show Israel

that they are vulnerable to attacks

Yom Kippur War 1973