arctic energy development fran ulmer chair, us arctic research commission usaee presentation july...
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Arctic Energy Development
Fran UlmerChair, US Arctic Research Commission
USAEE PresentationJuly 29, 2013
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Arctic Region
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Energy Resources in the Arctic
• 30% of world’s undiscovered gas • 13% of world’s undiscovered oil• Mostly offshore• Polar ice retreat/technological
advances change economics• Est. of platform cost $5-8 B each
• >400 oil and gas fields exist onshore: • 40 billion barrels of oil• 1136 trillion cubic feet natural gas• 8 billion barrels of natural gas
liquids
*Gautier et al., Science, Vol. 204, 2009
Location of Arctic Basins assessed by the USGS.
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Resource Development Companies Active in the Arctic
Rosneft: Russia
Gazprom: Russia
Statoil: Norway
NUNAOIL: Gr/Denmark
Exxon Mobil: US
Shell: Holland
Conoco-Phillips: US
BP: UK
ENI: Italy
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www.inforain.org
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www.wilderness.org
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Challenges Related to Working in Extreme Environments
• Severe and cold weather requires specially designed equipment
• Poor soil conditions (permafrost, etc.) require additional site prep
• Some deposits are hazardous (i.e., gas hydrates)
• Limited ports & exportation options; long supply lines & extensive transport
• High costs to develop reserves (50-100% higher)
• Higher wages to attract and retain employees and advanced cold weather training required
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Human Impacts:
Over 4 million Arctic residents
• Food Security Concerns about population status & contaminants (PAHs, POPS, dispersants,
herding agents, etc.) in subsistence foods Impacts may be BOTH real and perceived
• Environmental concerns Oil spill impacts on mammals, birds & fish that subsistence hunters depend on
• Health• Economy
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Law of the Sea and its Impact on Development
• Gives nations an “exclusive economic zone” to 200 miles offshore (or to maritime boundary)
• Gives sovereign rights over the resources on and under the seabed in our “extended continental shelf” beyond EEZ.
• The Senate has yet to ratify UNCLOS (~160 countries have, & are working on their claims)
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International science and policy initiatives
Arctic Council • Marine Oil Pollution Preparation and Response• Search and Rescue Agreement • Arctic Ocean Review • Prevention and Safety Culture Task Forces• Arctic Marine Shipping Assessment• Task Forces on Circumpolar Business and on Research
International Organizations• IMO/Polar Code • OSPAR• OGP• OCIMP• INTERTANKO
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Overview of research & recommendations on:
a. Spill delineation & migration, including containment and countermeasures
b. Oil spill response technologies for cleanup and recovery of oil
c. Data management tools and the fate of oil and its effects on the environment
Published 11/12
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National Research Council (NRC) Study:
Responding to Oil Spills in Arctic Marine Environments
This study will assess the current state of science and engineering regarding oil spill response and environmental assessment in the Arctic region with emphasis on potential impacts in U.S. waters
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Agency capacity: Arctic ERMA: Environmental Response Management Application
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ERMA® is a web-based GIS tool designed to assist both emergency responders and environmental resource managers.
-provides a common operational picture-improves communication and coordination between responders and stakeholders -provides real-time Information and
prediction models for weather, and tides
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USARC’s daily “Arctic Update”
newsletter
Subscribe at:www.arctic.gov
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(at www.arctic.gov)