Rheumatoid Arthritis& Osteoarthritis

Arthritis

•Broad range of conditions characterized by inflammation of the joint(s)•Various causes/types

Osteoarthritis (OA), Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA), Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis, Septic arthritis, Psoriatic arthritis, Gout, Lupus

•Major complaints Joint pain (often with muscle and tendon aches) Reduced activity

Visualizing The Damage

Joint space narrowing and sclerosis of cartilage can be seen on an x-ray or MRI

OA involves cartilage damage.RA involves synovial inflammation.

Osteoarthritis•Most common form of arthritis

Over 20 million Americans, F>M, 60+•Caused by “wear and tear” on cartilage

Genetics play a role in some cases•Can affect any joint

Usually large, weight-bearing joints & hands•Presents as pain, stiffness, limited range of motion•No cure. Gradually worsens over time.

Osteoarthritis - Treatment

Physical therapy helps improve symptoms by strengthening muscles and connective tissue. Weight loss also helps ease pressure on joints.

Medications such as Acetaminophen (Tylenol®), Glucosamine, and in some cases Naproxen or Ibuprofen can help ease pain if taken properly.

Assistance devices such as canes and walkers can improve balance and relieve fatigue. Joint supports are also helpful in some cases.

Osteoarthritis – Topical Treatment

•Pain rubs – for minor, local pain Capsaicin (chili pepper)

Capzasin Salicylates (aspirin-like)

Aspercreme, Bengay Menthol (cooling)

Icy-Hot, Biofreeze, Bengay•Patches – for minor, local pain

Osteoarthritis – Oral Medicines

•Oral medicines – for moderate/severe pain Tylenol (Acetaminophen) = 1st choice Over the Counter NSAIDs

Ibuprofen (Advil®, Motrin®) Naproxen (Aleve®) Aspirin

Prescription NSAIDs Indomethacin, Piroxicam, Ketoprofen, Celebrex®,

Diclofenac, Nabumetone, and MANY others Other prescriptions

Osteoarthritis – Alternatives

•Glucosamine sulfate Taken by mouth, twice daily, with food A supplement that might help replenish natural

joint lubricants, decrease inflammation, and reduce pain

Symptomatic relief only?•Sodium hyaluronate

Injected into the knee by your doctor Increases the viscosity of the synovial fluid Symptomatic relief only?

Rheumatoid Arthritis

•Systemic Exhaustion, weight loss, muscle pain Auto-immune•Inflammatory, Usually symmetric•Bio-markers present in blood•Can cause deformity•Cause of disease is not clear•Not life-shortening if treated appropriately•Several treatment options are available

Rheumatoid Arthritis - Treatment

•Blood tests, Rheumatologist monitoring•Initial: Anti-inflammatory to help with pain/inflammation•Next step: “Disease-modifying” drugs

Methotrexate, Leflunomide, Azathioprine, etc. Remicade®, Enbrel®, Humira®, etc.•Walking devices, physical therapy, rest, weight reduction, and sometimes surgery

Advanced Rheumatoid Arthritis

Rheumatoid lung diseaseRheumatoid nodules

Thank you for listening!

Any Questions?

Sources•Images from

Arthritislegpain.us (1st image) Emedicine.medscape.com (2nd image) vivajoyhealthclub.wordpress.com (3rd image) Emedicinehealth.com (4th, 5th, 6th, and 7th images) Walkersforseniorsonline.com (8th image) Images.rheumatology.org (9th image) Pulmonarylungdisease.info (10th image) Healthdiet2.com (11th image)•References

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