artifical fiber by biomimetics

8/11/2019 Artifical Fiber by Biomimetics

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SUSTAINABLE PRODUArtificial Fiber By Biomimetics


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Biomimetics

Biomimetics is the study of the structure and function of biological systems asmodels for the design and engineering of materials and machines.

Most synthesized materials including synthetic fibers have been

developed by science and sometimes by chance in the past, whereas natural

materials are produced as a consequence of biological processes.


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ApproachesPlant fiber synthesized from carbon dioxide.

Lessons from the silkworm.

Learning simultaneous polymerization and spinning from nature.

From homogenous intelligent materials to non-homogeneous intelligent

materials.


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Plant fiber synthesized from carbon dioxidePlants produce carbohydrates by photosynthesis.

In photosynthesis process, cellulose is produced by plants by using smallamount of Carbon dioxide (0.3%) with water.

The structure of the resulting fiber cross-section is non-homogeneous, and iscomposed of complex multi layers, whereas that of the artificial fiber is

homogeneous.

Cellulose could be termed 'carbon dioxide fiber.


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Lessons from silkworm

Fifty years after the invention of nylon (around1988), a synthetic fiber reached a new stage ofdevelopment when the combined yarn processintechnology (the blends of filaments of differentshrinkage characteristics) was developed to prod

high bulky polyester fiber fabric with acharacteristic feel different from natural silk.


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However, not all of silk's features were reconstructed. Foexample, the characteristic luster, moisture-absorbentcharacteristic and bright dyeability of silk have not yet bachieved.


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The silk gland corresponds to the polymerization/spinnintank in terms of the synthetic fiber production. Silk filamis produced enzymatically at room temperature.

This high technology required for the precise control of a molecular assembly has not yet been achieved by humbeings.

The process is now being reconstructed on an industrial A biospinning factory is expected to develop to a commscale on the basis of the elucidated bio-mechanism ofspinning soon as a substitute for oil-based fibers.


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From homogenous intelligent materials tononhomogeneous intelligent materials

Biomimetics is expected to lead to the next generation omaterials.

Nonhomogeneous materials can be developed with thistechnology, whereas only homogeneous material such aschemical fibers were the main target of the twentiethcentury.

For example, new functions may emerge from mimickininsect shell wing composed of liquid-crystal proteinreinforced with chitin, which cuts out infra-red radiationa hot desert.


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Conclusion One of the most demanded characteristics is the ultimate

strength of materials as exemplified by high tenacity/higmodulus fiber.

In order to explore the ideal potential of the polymermaterial, we should increase the molecular weight of thepolymer to almost infinity and reduce the molecular defe

n nature, we find proteins of high molecular weight over2,000,000, but the molecular weight of synthesizedpolyamide is at most 200,000.


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artifical fiber by biomimetics

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