atelbi gadaacead - dspace.nplg.gov.ge

qarTvelobis gadasarCenad

# 55 (1 16) 23 Tebervali 2010 s a x alxo mo Zr ao b a “ “s a m e gr elos “ org a no 5 0 T eTri

9

lavrenti

beria _

qarTuli

genia

7

gazeTi “ilori” uZRveba rubrikas “saukeTeso safexburTo klubebi”

2

am wignis avtoris, korneli borozdinis samsaxureobrivi kari-

era kavkasiaSi daiwyo. igi jer mTavarmarTeblis kancelariaSi

muSaobda, Semdeg ki (1854 wels) samegrelos dedofalTan miav-

lines miwer-moweris sawarmoeblad da misi Svilebis aRmzrde-

lad. 1858 wels dainiSna senakis olqis ufrosad, sadac 1867

wlamde imsaxura. swored aq gaecno igi samegrelos mosaxleo-

bis yofas, romelic sainteresod aRwera Tavis wignSi.

borozdinis mogonebebSi sakmaod vrclad aris gadmo-

cemuli osmaleTis jarebis mier samegrelos awiokeba,

romelic Semdeg rusma jariskacebma alagmes. Temur qoriZe

kidev

erTi

wigni

megruli

enis

fenomenze 12

“feienoordi”,

roterdami,

holandia

saqarTvelos

sagareo politika

da diplomatia

1918-1921 wlebSi

4

kidev

erTxel

afxazeTze

12

sofel latalis

zepirsityviereba

3

“yvelaze naTeli”, romelsac

bneli axlavs

Tengiz kublaSvili

10

2 ilori23 Tebervali 2010

(vagrZelebT werilebis

ciklis beWdvas)

swored am epoqidan, laz-Wanebic WeS-

mariti qristianebi gaxdnen.

cnobilia, rom qristianobis

msoflio krebas, qalaq nikeaSi (325

weli) egrisis samefodan ori

episkoposi eswreboda _ biWvinTis da

fazisis.

lazebi fazisis eparqiaSi Sediod-

nen.

marTalia, lazikis ZiriTadi nawili

1203 wels Camoyalibebul trapizonis

imperiaSi moeqca da darCa XV

saukunemde, magram lazebi sarwmunoe-

brivad daculi iyvnen da, am epoqaSi,

lazikaSi mravali eklesia da qris-

tianuli kompleqsi aigo.

osmaleTis mier trapizonis dapy-

robis Semdeg (XV) lazeTSi Semodis

islami.

rogorc mematianeebi gvamcnoben, is-

lamis gavrceleba lazikaSi didi

winaaRmdegobebiT aRiniSna, magram dro-

Ta ganmavlobaSi islami mainc myarad

damkvidrda; Tumca, lazebi dResac ar

iviwyeben mama-papaTa samlocveloebs _

“oxvameebs” (“oxvame” megrulad salo-

cavia).

“lazuri anTropologia” _ mar-

Talia, TiTqmis 8 saukunea, lazebi

mowyvetili arian mSobliur xalxs da,

bunebrivia, ucxo atmosferoSi cx-

ovrebam, maT anTropologiaSi

garkveuli cvlilebebi gamoiwvia, ma-

gram, rogorc cnobili anTropologi,

batoni g. abduSeliSvili amtkicebs,

anTropologiurad, dResac araviTari

gansxvaveba ar aris megrelebsa da

lazebs Soris.

lazebs (maT Soris Wanebsac) iseTive

tradiciebi, adaT-wesebi, zne-Cveulebe-

bi hqondaT, rogoric megrelebs. aseve

erTnairi hqondaT eTnografiuli

yofac.

bunebrivia, rom lazebisa da

megrelebis saukuneobrivma ganSorebam

ganapiroba garkveuli gansxvaveba maT

Soris, gansakuTrebiT zemoxsenebul

komponentSi, magram arc ise mniSvnelo-

vani, rom lazebis WeSmarit

qarTvelobaSi, megrelebisa da lazebis

identurobaSi dagvaeWvos.

amdenad, axali welTaRricxvis I-II

saukuneebSi, egrisis samefos samxreT

nawilSi warmoCinda axali adminis-

traciuli erTeuli, lazikis saeris-

Tavos saxiT, magram amas araviTari eT-

nikuri cvlileba ar mohyolia. Tu

Zveli welTaRricxvis epoqaSi am ter-

itoriaze cxovrobdnen sxvadasxva

wvril-wvrili megruli teritoriuli

jgufebi _ xalibebi, tibarenebi,

mosinikebi, drilebi, Tebalebi da a.S. am

droidan isini, faqtobrivad, lazebad

da Wanebad iwodebodnen; ufro sworad,

am epoqidan, lazikaSi da WaneTSi mcx-

ovreb mcxovreb megrelebs daerqvaT

lazebi da Wanebi. marTlac, arasodes

gamxdara sadavod, rom lazebi da

Wanebi qarTuli tomebia, faqtobrivad,

igive megrelebi arian, magram zogier-

Ti qarTveli mecnieris gavleniT,

megrelebis vinaobaze damkvidrda

mosazreba, romelic abnevs sazoga-

doebas, araswor warmodgenas uqmnis

maT vinaobaze _ “megrelebi da laze-

bi zanuri tomebia da megruli da

lazuri enebis dialeqtebia”.

me piradad, aseTi mosazreba kate-

goriulad miuReblad mimaCnia da, ai,

ratom: megrelebi da lazebi rom za-

nuri tomebi yofiliyvnen, maSin unda

arsebuliyo qveyana “zanaTi” da erovne-

ba “zani”, maSin, rodesac zustad dad-

genili ar aris, vin moiazreboda ter-

minis “zanis” qveS. varaudoben, TiTqos,

bizantielebi “Wanebs” moixseniebdnen

xan “zanebad”, da xan “sanebad”, rac Sei-

Zleboda enis barieriT yofiliyo

gamowveuli, magram gamoricxulia, er-

Tiani egrisis (kolxeTis) samefos

mosaxleobis saerTo saxeli “zani”

yofiliyo, Tundac “zanis” qveS, “Wani”

moiazrebodes. Zveli welTaRricxvis

epoqaSi arc “WaneTi” Canda da arc

“Wani”, xolo dasavleT saqarTvelos

uxsovari droidan “egrisis”, xolo mis

mkvidr mosaxleobas “egrebi” erqva.

rodidan ewoda dasavleT saqarTve-

los “egrisi”, sxva sakiTxia, magram

swored egrisis samefos daarqves

berZnebma “kolxeTi” da mis mkvidr

mosaxleobas “egrebs” _ “kolxebi”

(Zveli welTaRricxvis XV-XIV

saukuneebi).

dadgenilia, rom “egridan” aris

miRebuli dasavleT saqarTvelos Zir-

iTadi mosaxlis saxeli _ “megreli”.

mecnierTa varaudiT, es unda momx-

dariyo Soreul warsulSi, sadRac III-

II aTaswleulis mijnaze.

aqedan moyolebuli dasavleT

saqarTvelos erTiani kolxeTis (egri-

sis) samefos ZiriTadi mosaxleobis

saxeli iyo “megreli” da am saxelis

qveS moiazrebodnen Zveli welTaR-

ricxvis epoqaSi am samefoSi dasax-

elebuli wvril-wvrili tomebic.

amdenad, dResaviT naTelia, rom egri-

sis (kolxeTis) samefos mosaxleobis

saerTo saxeli mudam “megreli” iyo da,

I-II saukuneebidan, “megrelis” qveS

lazic moiazreboda, lazuri ena ki

megruli enis kilokavi iyo.

ufro meti, istoriis sxvadasxva

etapze, egrisis samefo iwodeboda

kolxeTis. lazikis da afxazTa same-

fod, magram qarTveli da somexi mema-

tianeebi mTel dasavleT saqarTvelos

mudam egrisis samefod, xolo mis

mosaxleobas megrelebad moixse-

niebdnen. bunebrivia, maT ucxoel

swavlulebze ukeT ecodinebodaT

egrisis samefoc da misi mkvidri

mosaxleobac.

yovel SemTxvevaSi, megrelebisa da

lazebis zanur tomebad, xolo megrul-

lazuri enebis e.w. zanuri enis di-

aleqtebad moxseniebas araviTari

gamarTleba ara aqvs. es faqtobrivad,

egrisis samefos da megrelebis Zveli

welTaRricxvis epoqis TiTqmis ori-

aTaswlovan istoriaze uaris Tqmis

tolfasia, rac Cveni Rirseuli winapre-

bis xsovnis Seuracxyofac aris.

mizanSewonilad mimaCnia, yuradReba

gavamaxvilo Semdeg garemoebaze: mi-

uxedavad imisa, rom dasavleT saqarTve-

los erTiani egrisis (kolxeTis) same-

fos mosaxleobis saerTo saxeli, uxso-

vari droidan, “megreli” iyo, adminis-

traciuli erTeulis, samTavros saxeli

“samegrelo” SedarebiT axalia, rac

Semdeg movlenebTanaa dakavSirebuli

_ axali welTaRricxvis, daaxloebiT,

III-IV saukuneebSi, egrisis samefos

“lazikis”, ufro sworad, “egris-

lazeTis” samefo, VIII-X saukuneebSi

“afxazTa”, anu “egris-afxazeTis” same-

fo ewoda... bunebrivia, egrisma, rogorc

samefom, arseboba Sewyvita.

saqarTvelos isev daSlis (XV sauk.)

momdevno epoqaSi, egrisis samefos

yofil teritoriaze, garkveuli

cvlilebebi moxda _ lazika trapi-

zonis imperiaSi aRmoCnda, egrisis

samefos aRmosavleT nawilSi imereTis

samefo Camoyalibda, romelic pirveli

qarTulerovani regioni iyo dasavleT

saqarTveloSi da, amis Semdeg, imereTSi

mcxovreb megrelebsac ewodaT “imer-

lebi”.

amave saukuneSi, im teritoriaze,

sadac sametyvelo enad isev megruli

darCa da mosaxleebi megrelebi iyvnen,

Camoyalibda administraciuli er-

Teuli samTavros saxiT da ewoda

“samegrelo”.

amdenad, dasavleT saqarTvelos Zir-

iTadi mosaxlis saxeli, uxsovari

droidan, iyo “megreli”, radgan samefos

erqva “egrisi”, magram XV saukuneSi

piriqiT moxda _ samTavros ewoda

“samegrelo” mxolod imitom, rom mis

mosaxleobas megrelebi warmoadgend-

nen.

marTalia, im epoqaSi samegrelos sam-

TavroSi darCa guriisa da afxazeTis

saerisTavoebi, magram samTavros egri-

sis saxeli ar daerqva, radganac is arc

samefo iyo da arc is teritoria hqon-

da, egrisis samefo rom moicavda.

ar ifiqroT, rom Cemi megrelobiT

vsargeblob da amitom, egrisis samefos

ZiriTad mosaxleebad megrelebs miviC-

nev da ara lazebs; amas imitom vamt-

kiceb, rom realobaa, WeSmaritebaa da

me tendenciuri sulac ar var...

rac Semexeba piradad me, CemTvis

lazuri sisxli ucxo rodia _

Soniebis gvari erT-erTi mravalricx-

ovani da uZvelesia saqarTvelos

sinamdvileSi. Soniebi, ZiriTadad,

glexebi arian. magram erTi Stos war-

momadgenlebi aznaurebic arian. am

Stos winapars, giorgi Sonias, XVIII

saukuneSi, samegrelos mTavar dadian-

isgan aznauroba eboZa da mamulad

mieca soflebi _ faxulani da oxaCqua.

dRes es orive sofeli walenjixis

raionSia, svaneTis sazRvarTan, mdinare

engurs gaRma.

giorgi Sonia vaJkacuri kaci yofi-

la, Zlieri da warmosadegi, Sinaurebi

moferebiT “Rejias” eZaxdnen. Turme,

misi dabadebis dros, samegreloSi

raRac seni mZvinvarebda, romelic

Rors ar emarTeboda da amitom dau-

rqmeviaT “Rejia” (megrulad Rori)

zedmet saxelad.

mas xSiri misvla-mosvla hqonia

TurqeTSi, maSin aWarac TurqeTSi Se-

dioda. swored im dros Sehyvarebia

aWaraSi, gonioSi mcxovrebi lamazi

qaliSvili, gvarad memiSiSi da colad

SeurTavs. saTanadod, giorgis STamo-

mavlebSi lazuri sisxlisacaa. es rac

Seexeba Cems gansakuTrebiT Tbil gan-

wyobas lazebisadmi, Torem, mecnierul

wreebSi erTmniSvnelovnadaa miRebuli,

rom Soreuli warsulidan dRemde,

dasavleT saqarTvelos ZiriTadi

mosaxleebi egrebi (megrelebi) iyvnen, mi-

uxedavad imisa, nawili megrelebisa, ax-

ali welTaRricxvis epoqaSi iwode-

bodnen margvelebad, lazebad (maT

Soris Wanebic) Tu afxazebad. swored

amiT iyo ganpirobebuli, rom dasavleT

saqarTvelos erTian egrisis samefos

kolxeTis, lazikis Tu afxazeTis same-

fo erqva, mis ZiriTad mosaxleebs _

megrelebs kolxebad moixseniebdnen.

rogorc zemoT aRvniSne, qarTul

wyaroebSi, dasavleT saqarTvelos erT-

ian samefos yovelTvis mxolod egri-

sis samefod moixseniebdnen da mis

mosaxleobas megrelebad, rac araviTar

gaugebrobas Tu uxerxulobas ar qm-

nida, vinaidan lazebic (maT Soris

Wanebic) da afxazebic darwmunebuli

iyvnen TavianT megrelobaSi.

darwmunebuli var, Tavmoyvareobis

Selaxvad ar miiRebT, rom dasavleT

saqarTvelos mosaxleobis saerTo

saxelad megreli iTvleboda, romlis

qveSac moiazreboda margvelic, lazic

da afxazic, miT umetes, rom samegrelo

ar mowyvetila qarTul sinamdviles da,

faqtobrivad, megrelebma myarad Seinar-

Cunes pirvandeli saxe, ena, sarwmunoe-

ba, kultura, adaT-wesebi, tradiciebi.

Tumca, Tqveni ar vici, magram, arc erTi

megreli araviTar mniSvnelobas ar

aZlevs, maT, Zvelad, megrelebad moixse-

niebdnen Tu lazebad, radgan myarad

aqvT gacnobierebuli, rom lazebi da

megrelebi erTni arian, rogorc zug-

dideli, senakeli Tu foTeli

megrelebi.

ise, RmerTma qnas, isev erTad viyoT

da Tu raime uxerxulobas Seqmnis

lazebis megrelebad moxsenieba, gpird-

ebiT, me viqnebi moTave, megrelebisa da

lazebis saerTo saxelad lazi iyos.

es iqneba udidesi movlena saqarTve-

los sinamdvileSi, rac dRes SeuZle-

blad gveCveneba, magram vin icis, xval

ra moxdeba? istoria savsea moulod-

nelobebiT, SeiZleba, qarTvel xalxsac

gaumarTlos da amas eRirsos.

yovel SemTxvevaSi, rogorc rigiTi

qarTveli, bunebrivia, darwmunebuli

var, lazika (maT Soris WaneTic) egri-

sis samefos erT-erTi adminis-

traciuli erTeulia da lazebi (maT

Soris Wanebic) megruli teritoriuli

jgufebia da maT arc erT sxva qar-

Tuli kuTxis mkvidrebze naklebi pre-

tenzia ar unda hqondeT WeSmarit

qarTvelobaze.

samwuxarod, raoden gasakviric ar

unda iyos, saTanadod ar aris

Seswavlili lazikis istoria, misi

raoba da roli saqarTvelos istori-

aSi, lazebis damsaxureba eris winaSe,

rasac gamarTleba ar aqvs. swored aman

ganapiroba, albaT, is garemoeba, rom

lazebs, garkveulad, eWvi eparebaT Ta-

vianT qarTvelobaSi.

marTalia, SedarebiT ukeTesi situa-

ciaa afxazeTis da afxazebis istori-

aSi, magram, samwuxarod, arc qarTveleb-

ma da arc afxazebma zustad ar ician

afxazeTis obieqturi istoria, ramac

erT-erTi gadamwyveti roli iTamaSa

afxazeTis saSinel movlenebSi.

10 welze metia gasuli afx-

azeTis tragediidan da dResac ar

aris Seqmnili afxazeTis sru-

lyofili da obieqturi istoria,

sadac erTmniSvnelovnad iqne-

boda dadgenili afxazeTis re-

aluri raoba, afxazebis vinaoba,

afxazeTSi saukuneebis gan-

mavlobaSi mimdinare procesis

arsi, qarTul-afxazur urTier-

TobaTa istoriuli fesvebi _ is,

rac erTmaneTs gvaaxloebs, da

ara piriqiT.

amas qarTveli mecnierebis mier

daSvebul erovnuli mniSvnelobis Sec-

domad vTvli.

miuxedavad imisa, rom specialobiT

inJineri var, TiTqmis 30 weli vx-

elmZRvanelobdi sxvadasxva obieqtebs

da viyavi gaerTianeba “borjomis” gen-

eraluri direqtoric (1986-1991 wlebi),

iZulebuli gavxdi, sazogadoebisaTvis

gamecno Cemi mosazreba afxazur sak-

iTxze.

1988 wels mzad mqonda narkvevi “eris

didi satkivari”, romelic, garkveuli

situaciebidan gamomdinare, mxolod 1995

wels gamoqveynda, Jurnal “poli-

tikaSi”...

...gamoqveynda wigni “didi saqarTve-

los tragedia” (1988 weli, Tbilisi),

romelSic Sevecade, sazogadoebisaTvis

gamecno afxazeTis roli saqarTvelos

istoriaSi, uZvelesi afxazebis vinao-

ba da maTi damsaxureba qarTveli da

afxazi erebis winaSe. SeZlebisdag-

varad, isic gavaanalize, Tu ram

ganapiroba afxazeTis samwuxaro

movlenebi.

anzor Sonia,

akademikosi

kidev erTxel afxazeTze

3ilori 23 Tebervali 2010

svanuri motivebi

miTi da sinamdvile

sityva “latali”, svanur enaze,

sadarajos niSnavs, radgan sofeli

latali bals zemoT ubatono svaneTis

da bals qvemo-sadadeSqeliano

svaneTis gamyofi, ubatono svaneTi-

saTvis aqtiurad mebrZoli sofelia.

dadeSqelianebi didi xani ibrZodnen

baalis (mTa soflebis latalsa da be-

Cos Sua) dasapyrobad. magram

latalelebma Tavdadebuli brZoliT

mSobliuri sofeli dainarCunes.

sofeli cxumari Walais Reles

dapyrobas lamobda. darCa simRera:

“latlari cxmral uSxvaar xaSge-

balax” _ “latalelebi da cxu-

marelebi erTmaneTs uvardebodnen”.

latalelebma sami cxumareli mokles.

cxumarSi maTTvis sami sakace gaukeTe-

biaT da sacalfexo gziT “kaaral-

laeqva” (qviani adgilia latalSi)

gadausvenebiaT meomrebi sofelSi.

Walais dapyrobas Turme

dadeSqelianebic lamobdnen. Tavda-

pirvelad maT mSvidobiani gza ucdi-

aT da latalSi morev mare _ Suakaci

gaugzavniaT. latalis “svimrasgan”

(sazogadoeba, romelic soflis

saWirboroto sakiTxebs wyvetda) uari

miuRiaT. maSin dadeSqelianebi saomrad

gamzadebulan, maT Sesaxvedrad latal-

Si qudze kaci amdgara, visac ki Tofis

xelSi aReba SeeZlo, yvela gamosula.

“mheeri” ulamazesi adgilia latalSi.

aq dgas “ilmheeris” eklesia. misken

saocari nabijiT mimavali TeTri xari

daunaxavT. xarma eklesiasTan samjer

daibRavla Turme. es rom latalis

“svimras” warmomadgenels, meSxe-beq-

murzas _ Sav beqmurzas daunaxavs, uTq-

vams: es xari Cveulebrivi araa. RvTis

mieraa mogzavnili da gamarjvebas

gviqadiso. Tu am brZolaSi gavimar-

jvebT, am xars davklav da RmerTs

SevwiravTo.

latalelebma brZolaSi gaimarjves.

dadeSqelianebma roca dainaxes, rom

latalelTa jari sWarbobda sim-

ravliT, ubrZolvelad danebebulan.

TaTaryan dadeSqelians ukiTxavs beq-

murzasTvis: “Setakeba rom momxdariyo,

Tofs mec damimiznebdio?” beqmurzas

upasuxnia: sanadirod wasulma monadi-

rem nadirobisas erTad mdgari arCvi

da jixvi rom dainaxos, romels dau-

miznebso?

_ ra Tqma unda, jixvso, _ ar dauy-

ovnebia pasuxi TaTaryans. maSin beq-

murzas uTqvams: _ Senc jixvi xaro.

dadeSqelianebi ukan gamobrunebu-

lan, magram ramdenime dRis Semdeg isev

midgomian Walais midamoebs. maT dasax-

mareblad SeerTebian cxumarelebic. im

adgils, sadac maTi meomrebi dabanake-

bulan, Semdeg “joodal” daerqva

(dadeSqelianTa jari gaizardao _ jar

qaaljodineli), latalelebma maTTvis

SeumCnevlad Semouares mowinaaRmdegis

jars da im adgils “namcaadra” daerq-

va. gamarjvebulT sofelSi TeTri

xari dauklavT da RmerTisTvis

SeuwiravT. gamarTula didi

dResaswauli lataloba. amgvari

dResaswauli dResac imarTeba. mTeli

sofeli ikribeba, klaven xars da cek-

va-TamaSs marTaven. didi da patara

_ yvela ebmis sasimRero ferxulSi

da ase simRera-ferxuliT samjer

uvlian gars eklesias.

aRdgomis mesame dRes tardeba

dResaswauli “macxvaarlatliS”. Zveli

gadmocemiT aRdgomis (Tanaf) _ mesame

dRes, samSabaTs, wminda macxovris ek-

lesiasTan dabmuli yofila xari,

romelic sofel ielis mcxovrebT

latalelTaTvis ZRvnad miuyvaniaT.

“Cven mulaxelebi gvaviwroeben da

gTxovT daxmareba gagviwioTo” _ ase

moumarTavT ielelebs. latalis

Tavkacebi Sekrebilan da mulaxSi wa-

sulan. SeukrebiaT mulaxis Tavkacebi

da mouxsenebiaT: ielelebma xari ZRv-

nad mogviyvanes da daxmareba gvTxoves.

Tqven Tu ar SeeSvebiT maT Seviwroe-

bas, Cven valdebuli varT davexmaro-

To. TemTa sabWos es sakiTxi mSvido-

bianad gadauwyvitavs. im dRidan mu-

laxelebi SeeSvnen ielelebis Sevi-

wrovebas. mas Semdeg, sabWoTa xelisu-

flebis damyarebamde ielidan yovel-

wliurad aRdgomis mesame dRes,

samSabaTs mohyavdaT xari latalSi,

mTeli sofeli ikribeboda da imarTe-

boda religiuri dResaswauli “macx-

vaarlatliS”. sabWoTa xelisuflebam

akrZala ielidan xaris moyvana, magram

latali Rrmad morwmune sofelia.

aqaurebma gadawyvites yovelwliu-

rad SeekribaT fuli, eyidaT xari,

SeewiraT igi eklesiisaTvis da

SeesrulebinaT ritualebi. miuxe-

davad bolSevikebis mier dawesebuli

didi SezRudvisa, es rituali dRemde

movida da dResac imarTeba latal-

Si.

TaTrebis Semoseva

latfaridan TanRilSi TaTrebis

jari Semosula xatebis mosaparavad

(daaxloebiT IV saukunes varaudoben).

axlo mcxovreblebs latalis svim-

rasTvis SeutyobinebiaT. Sekrebila

sofeli da saomrad wasula TanRil-

Si. latalelebs gauwyvetiaT TaTris

jari, didi saflavi amouTxriaT da Sig

mtris gvamebi erTad CauyriaT. Semdeg

lataleli meomrebi axlo sofelSi

Camosulan, gamarjvebis niSnad TeTri

xari dauklavT. qeifis dros meomrebi

erTmaneTs sasmels sTavazobdnen

sityvebiT: laxS, laxS (dalie, dalie).

aqedan warmosdga am soflis saxel-

wodeba laxuSdi.

TanRilSi, sadac TaTrebis Semoseva

momxdara, dgas mTavarangelozis ek-

lesia _ “TanRiTaarngzel”. am ekle-

siasTan omis dros darCenili isrebi

dResac inaxeba.

legenda Sargiaanze

Sargianebis sagvareulo Zlieri

yofila. sofel latalSi dgas macx-

ovris eklesia, sadac mTeli sofeli,

garda Sargianebisa, modioda da locu-

lobda. Sargianebs calke hqoniaT

macxovris eklesia da iq loculobd-

nen Turme.

Sargianebs gamorCeuli vaJkaci hy-

oliaT _ saxelad Sargiaan. didi da

Zlieri ojaxi hyolia Sargiaans. erTx-

el igi sanadirod wasula. gzaze devi

(daav) _ tyis kaci Sexvedria. Sargiaani

Sebmia devs, daumarcxebia da misTvis

frCxilebi wauWria, frCxilis moWriT

devs Zala daukargavs da Sargiaans

Sinamosamsaxured wauyvania saxlSi. de-

vis frCxilebi saxlSi miutania da

SuacecxlTan axlos miwaSi Caumarxavs.

erT dRes mTeli ojaxi samuSaod wa-

sula. Sin mxolod patara bavSvi da

devi dautovebiaT. Turme devi SeekiTxa

bavSvebs _ Cemi frCxilebi sad Seinaxa

mamaTqvenmao. biWi ver gamoutexavs, go-

gos ki uTqvams: SuacecxlTan miwaSi

marxiao. devs amouTxria frCxilebi da

Zalac dabrunebia. Suacecxlze qvabiT

xorci mdgara mosaxarSad. devs bavSve-

bi qvabSi Cauyria, TviTon ki tyeSi

gaqceula. tyidan xma mouwvdenia Sar-

giaanisaTvis da uTqvams: Sedi saxlSi,

xorci moixarSebodao. Sargiaani mimxv-

dara Tu ra gansacdelic daatyda Tavs

da aymuvlebula simwriT. devs

dauwyevlia Sargiaanebis sagvareulo

Semdegi sityvebiT: “gvarSi erTi

memkvidris meti ar gagCenodeTo”. amis

gamoa Tu ara, aravin icis, magram

dResac Sargiaanebidan mxolod erTi

mamakacia darCenili, qalebi ki sadac

gaTxovdnen, didi ojaxebi Seqmnes da

gvaric amravles.

miTi kaxaanze

gmiri kaxaani Camgelianebis sag-

vareulos warmomadgeneli yofila.

igi fizikuri siZlieriTa da golia-

Turi aRnagobiT yofila gamorCeuli.

anderiani, wiliid, laxvSdaald da

mubi saZovrebia latalSi. maT gvele-

Sapi dauflebis, misi SiSiT saqoneli

veravis mihyavda Turme saZovarze.

mTeli dReebi muherSi wolila gve-

leSapi. Sewuxebula latali, Sekrebi-

la mTeli sofeli da uTxoviaT kax-

aanisTvis daxmareba. kaxaans uTqvams:

gveleSaps movklav, Tu leTnierSi Savi

Zroxis rZes moduRebuls damaxve-

drebTo, mTis barjs sanadirod mom-

cemT da laxvSdalids saZovrebado, ha-

raSSic mJave wyalsac pirveli me

davlevo. xalxs misTvis danapirebis

Sesruleba aRuTqvams.

kaxaans Tan wauyvania erTi cxeni da

erTic jori. es jori lenwelas Zir-

Si dautovebia. Tavad cxeniT haraSSi

Sesula. gveleSaps im dros sZinebia.

kaxaans samsafexuriani kibe dasWirda

Turme gveleSapis yuramde asasvlelad.

sami isari daurtyams yurSi da ganug-

miravs. kaxaani cxenze Semjdara da

ukan gamoqceula. lenwelas ZirSi aR-

marTze jorze Semjdara, leTnierSi

rZe dauxvedrebiaT misTvis. gveleSapi

suls Rafavda da Sxams anTxevda

Turme. misgan SxamnaTxevi kaxaani rZe-

Si ganibana. sasikvdilod ganwiruli

gveleSapi simwriT iklakneboda Turme

da rasac misi kudi moxvedria, yve-

laferi gadauTelavs. im adgilas,

sadac kaxaanma gveli mokla, borcvia

darCenili. amboben, rom igi gveleSapis

samarxia da misi formac imitom aqvso.

imaze, Tu ramdenad SeiZleba es

miTi sinamdviles Seesabamebodes, is-

toriuli kvleva-Zieba mimdinareobs. am

miTs ukavSireben miTs argonavtebze.

latalelebi dResaswaulis dros

wminda giorgis sadRegrZelos Semdeg

ori WiqiT fexze adgomiT svamen kax-

aanis sadRegrZelos, Semdegi sityvebiT:

“RmerTs dideba, kaxaans Sendoba, mis

momxsenebel yvela svan kacs mSvido-

ba”. xalxma dRemde Semoinaxa simRera

kaxaanze.

irma gviCiani

Tekalis “miJe narhi”(ibeWdeba SemoklebiT)

Tekali qvemo svaneTis erTi patara,

lamazi sofelia _ gardafxaZeebiT, oni-

anebiT, babluanebiT da Wvelieridan

gadmosuli mukbanianebiT aris

dasaxlebuli.

sali kldis Tavze macxovris ek-

lesia dgas, xeelus mTidan Tekluras

Rele moedineba, Remaamolis da We-

nieris mTaTa ferdebs aprilidan

dawyebuli gvian Semodgomamde nair-

nairi yvavilebis farCa mosavs.

magram Tekals pirvel rigSi mainc

misi mkvidrni alamazeben _ maTi

lamazi saqmeebi, mravali lamazi

Canafiqri da am CanafiqrTa xorcSesxma.

aq damkvidrebul TiToeul gvars

gvarSi RirsebiT gamorCeuli kaci

hyavs saamayod. mukbanianebs _ uni-

Wieresi xelovani ioseb mukbaniani,

babluanebs _ babluanebSi pirveli

kaci, onianebs _ yvelaze Rirseuli oni-

ani, xolo gardafxaZeebs, albaT is

pirveli Tavadi gardafxaZe, vinc es

sofeli daikava.

“miJe narhi” _ Tekalis silamazea,

oRond is arc romelime mTis saxelia,

arc mdinarisa. is mzis sagalobelia,

simReraa, romelic ioseb mukbanianma Se-

qmna, Tekalelebma ki uxucesTa ansam-

bls Searqves es saxeli.

ansamblma uamravi, lamis uimedod

dakarguli svanuri simRera aRadgina

da msmenels daubruna. ansamblis

xelmZRvanelma, ioseb mukbanianis

ZmisSvilma batonma jumberma da ansam-

blis wevrebma 16-17 Zveli svanuri sim-

Rera aRadgines da daamuSaves, maT

Soris saferxulo cekvebic.

miJe narhi svanur enaze mzis sina-

Tles niSnavs

Svenis da Svelis es sinaTle patara

Tekals _ mTeli Coluris Tvals.

didgula da didbunebovan adamianTa

samkvidrebels.

xolo, roca uxucesTa gundis wevre-

bi bail-beTqils umRerian, an roca Wu-

nirze vicbils da macbils dastirian,

anda roca SgaridaSi ferxuls uvlian,

yofiTi wvrilmanebi ukvalod qreba

mexsierebidan, warmavalis adgils

waruvali ikavebs da maSin mTeli

gundic ukvdavebasTan xmaSewyobili

mReris TiTqos.

ela gurCiani

sofel latalis zepirsityviereba


stalinisaTvis ubralo ar gaxldaT

represiebis gatarebaze Sesabamisi

gadawyvetilebis miReba. rom ar mieRo,

esec ar SeiZleboda _ istoria ar ap-

atiebda.

lavrenti beria maRali talantis

mqone adamiani iyo. magram, stalinisagan

gansxvavebiT, igi ar iyo socialuri

analizis geniosi, magram mas beladisa

ar Surda. isini, amasTan, sxvadasxva

Taobis warmomadgenlebi iyvnen. asakSi

oci weli iyo gansxvaveba, msoflmxed-

velobaSi ki _ mTeli epoqa!

magram fsiqologiurad beria Zalian

axlos idga stalinTan _ oriveni

praqtikuli romantikosebi da ideal-

istebi iyvnen da dRemudam iRvwodnen

axali sazogadoebis Sesaqmnelad.

stalinma Tqva: „kadrebi wyveten

yvelafers!“ da im partiul-saxelmwifo

moRvaweTa Soris, romlebic rev-

oluciisa da samoqalaqo omis qar-

texilebma xelisuflebis saTaveSi

aiyvana, beria iyo is erT-erTi Tval-

saCino moRvawe, romelsac arafrad mi-

aCnda vaSlebSemowyobili Semwvari

bati da sxva fufuneba. magram igi xar-

bi iyo samuSaosadmi, da iyo erT-erTi

im kadrebs Soris, romlebic „yve-

lafers wyvetdnen“...

gadawyvito da iSromo! imitom rom,

Sroma saintereso procesia da imitom,

rom Seni SromiT erTi aguri Semato

saxelmwifos aRmSeneblobis saqmes.

beriasaTvis es iyo ara mxolod

lamazi fraza, aramed misi yoveldRi-

uri moraluri mrwamsi.

amitom ar SeeZlo stalins, rom

uaxloes periodSi ar CaerTo beria

Tavis uaxloes garemocvaSi. male mas

samuSaod miiwveven moskovSi _ ssr

kavSiris Sinagan saqmeTa saxalxo

komisariatSi.

berias daniSvna maRal Tanamde-

bobaze obieqturi mizezebiT iyo gan-

pirobebuli _ es epoqis moTxovna

gaxldaT.

saqmeebi samSobloSi,

saqmeebi TbilisSi...

plenumidan TbilisSi dabrunebis

Semdeg beria kvlav saqmeebSi CaiZira

da im sakiTxebis mogvarebas Seudga,

romlebic Zveli problemebis gadaWris

Semdeg kvlav iCendnen xolme Tavs.

1937 wlis agvistodan daiwyo Cek-

isturi „operacia“, romelic, bunebriv-

ia, saqarTvelosac Seexo. imdenad, ram-

denadac trockistebisa da mtrulad

ganwyobili elementebis winaaRmdeg

gamarTuli represiebis farTo aqcia

axal da uamrav sagamoZiebo masalebs

iZleoda, saqarTvelos kompartiis (b)

centraluri komitetis pirvel mdivans,

bunebrivia, am sakiTxTan Sexebac uwev-

da. beria didi xnis ganmavlobaSi iyo

Cekisti da gamoricxuli iyo, rom mas

es gamocdileba ar gamoeyenebina im

naxevari wlis ganmavlobaSi, vidre mim-

dinareobda “Casvrili” partiul-sax-

elmwifo “oficrobisa” da “gener-

alitetis” safuZvliani wmenda.

1937 wlis 8 ivliss saqarTvelos

Sinagan saqmeTa saxalxo komisari

gogliZe auwyebda saqarTvelos kom-

partiis cekas pirvel mdivans berias,

rom “kulakebisa da sisxlis

samarTlis damnaSaveebis” kategorias

mikuTvnebulTa Soris 1.419 adamians

miesaja sasjelis umaRlesi zoma,

romelTa Soris 338 kacis saqme gamoiZia

muSur-glexurma miliciam, 1.081 kacis

saqme ki uSiSroebis sammarTvelom.

Sesabamisad, miliciam gadaasaxla 463

adamiani, uSiSroebam ki 1.099 adamiani.

es konkretuli cifrebi metyveleben,

rom saqarTvelos Sinsaxkomi damnaSave-

Ta siebs adgenda konkretuli xalx-

isagan, maTi konkretuli danaSulis

gaTvaliswinebiT. amasTan, samasi ban-

ditis sasamarTlos gverdis avliT

sikvdiliT dasjam mkveTrad gamoas-

wora qveyanaSi kriminogenuli situa-

cia. aseve gamarTlebuli iyo repre-

siebi kontrrevolucionerTa winaaR-

mdegac. me ar Sevudgebi am cifrebis

gamowvlilviT analizs, magram aRvniS-

nav, rom, Tu sabWoTa kavSirSi wmenda

Seexo komunistTa 46 procents,

saqarTveloSi es cifri ar ascilebia

32 procents (daaxloebiT 18 aTasi

kaci). amasTan, beria araerTxel gamo-

sula presiT imis mowodebiT, rom

wmendisadmi meti sifaqize da obieq-

turoba gamoeCinaT Sesabamis orga-

noebs.

partiuli dokumentebis gadamowme-

bis procesSi apelacia Seitana 2.394

kacma, romelTa Soris 638 aRdgenili

iqna partiaSi, 424 kaci partiis wevro-

bidan gadayvanili iqna wevrobis kan-

didatad, 315 kaci ki aRdgenili iqna

kandidatad.

es cifrebi kargad metyveleben

imaze, iyo Tu ara lavrenti beria

“sadisti”. am cifrebis fonze, me mog-

vianebiT gavarCev berias winaaRmdeg

wamoyenebul seriozul braldebas

imis Taobaze, rom man TiTqos,

amierkavkasiis samxareo komitetis

pirvel mdivnad yofnis Jams, 1936 wels,

piradad mokla sakuTar kabinetSi

somxeTis kompartiis cekas pirveli

mdivani xanJiani.

formalurad xanJianTan incidenti

(igi tuberkulozis mZime formiT iyo

avad, rac misi, rogorc gauwonaswore-

beli adamianis TviTmkvlelobiT das-

rulda) warmoiqmna “maRal eSeloneb-

Si wmendis” dawyebamde erTi wliT

adre. magram “mxilebis” teqnologia,

romelic gansakuTrebuli saxiT Camoy-

alibda partiis XX yrilobaze, sul

sxvagvarad warmoaCenda amgvar faqtebs,

razedac me mogvianebiT gavamaxvileb

yuradRebas.

vubrundebi ra 1937 wlis dasas-

ruls, aRvniSnav, rom “wmendas” aravi-

Tari dezorganizacia ar Seutania

qveynis ekonomikaSi da rogorc

saqarTveloSi, aseve mTel sabWoTa

kavSirSi sapirispiro ram moxda. aqve

minda movixmo kaganoviCTan dakavSire-

buli erTi faqti.

konstantine zalesski Tavis bi-

ografiul leqsikonSi aRniSnavs, rom

ssrk rkinigzis saxalxo komisarma

kaganoviCma komisariatSi xelmZRvaneli

kadrebis ganadgureba jer kidev

“wmendis” kompaniis gaSlamde daiwyo.

man 3.000 xelmZRvaneli muSaki daapa-

timra da TiTqmis srulad gaanadgura

komisariatis saSualo da umaRlesi

rangis xelmZRvaneloba. Zneli dasad-

genia, Tu ras gulisxmobs zalesski mc-

nebaSi “rkinigzis saxalxo komis-

ariati” _ saubaria rkinigzis saxalxo

komisariatis centralur aparatze

Tu mTel sakavSiro sistemaze. Tu gav-

iTvaliswinebT im periodSi mesabota-

JeTa simravles, dapatimrebulTa

ricxvi mTel sistemaSi ar unda iyos

Zalze didi. xolo, Tu saubaria cen-

tralur aparatze, maSin es iqneboda

ara sistemis muSa aparati, aramed us-

aqmurTa xrova.

asea Tu ise, kaganoviCamde rkinigzis

sistemaSi wesrigi ar iyo. igi saxalxo

komisrad dainiSna 1935 wlis 26 ianvars

da zustad erT weliwadSi irkutski-

dan stalins Semdegi Setyobineba

gamougzavna:

“gavecani krasnoiarskis sarkinigzo

kvanZisa da orTqmavalSemkeTebeli

qarxnis muSaobas. sadgur CernoreCen-

skaias misadgomebTan da TviT sadgur-

Si gaCerebulia aTobiT matarebeli,

rac aferxebs eSelonebis moZraobas

aRmosavleTisaken. garda eqsploat-

aciis personalis uTavbolobisa, es

savalalo mdgomareoba ganpirobebu-

lia krasnoiarskis saorTqmavlo depos

cudi muSaobiTac. naxevarze meti

satvirTo orTqmavlebisa mwyobridanaa

gamosuli uxarisxo remontis gamo, rac

ufro danaSaulia, vidre upasuxismge-

bloba. depo da qarxana gadaWedilia

sabWoTa xelisuflebisadmi mtrulad

ganwyobili elementebiT… vai-komunis-

tebis wyalobiT maT sistemad aqcies

orTqlis qvabebis, inJeqtorebisa da

tumboebis mwyobridan gamoyvana. qarx-

anaSi gamovlenilia trockistTa jgu-

fi, romlebic Segnebulad uxarisxod

aremonteben danadgarebs, dascinian da

aviwroeben staxanovelebs, muSaoben

cudad, partorganizacia ignorirebu-

lia, muSebs cudi ganwyoba aqvT. miviRe

operatiuli zomebi...irkutskSi mdgari

rkinigzis saxkomis rezervidan gad-

movisrole 15 orTqmavali...” da a.S.

kaganoviCma adgilzeve monaxa deposa

da qarxnis uxeiro partorgebis Sem-

cvlelebi, krasnoarskis saorTqmavlo

qveganyofilebis ufrosad daniSna in-

Jineri sokolovi... amiT man mTel sis-

temaSi moixveWa didi avtoriteti.

manamde ki... magaliTad, kornei Cukovs-

ki, 1933 wels, baTumSi samsaaTnaxevris

ganmavlobaSi abarebda Semsaxvel sakan-

Si bargs. samwuxaroa, rom am rigSi ar

idga Tavad konstantine zalesski, da ar

iyo armaviris sadgurzec, sadac 1932

wels Cukovski sami dRe eloda

matarebels, romelic ganrigiT yovel-

dRe unda Camomdgariyo sadgurSi.

zalesski amtkicebs, rom Taname-

drove kritikosebi kaganoviCs moixse-

nieben rogorc uaRresad uxeS da pa-

tivmoyvare pirovnebas. magram me

wavikiTxe misi saqmiani werilebi, misi

memuarebi (amas mainc xom ar uwerdnen

referentebi) da maocebda, Tu es TviT-

ganaTlebuli adamiani rogor maR-

alostaturad flobda sityvas da

logikis kulturas. da kargad erkveo-

da im dargSi arsebul problemebSi,

romelsac xelmZRvanelobda.

sakuTar Tavze seriozuli muSao-

bisa da niWis gareSe aq araferi

gamovidoda. xolo, rac Seexeba

kaganoviCis uxeS xasiaTs, vixseneb ma-

maCemis erT-erTi megobris, Zveli

rkinigzelis monaTxrobs imis Taobaze,

rom roca kaganoviCi sadguris ufro-

sis pataks gaecno da boloSi ixila

misi Semdgenis gvari gaponi, dain-

teresda Tu “is gaponi” misi mogvare

iyo Tu naTesavi. roca gaigo, rom

sadguris ufrosi provokator mRvdel

gaponis RviZli Zma iyo, hkiTxa:

_ Tqven aq xom ar gaviwroveben? _ da

daumata: _ Tu rodisme Segaviwroveben,

uSualod me mommarTeT!

ase rom, yvelasTan namdvilad ar iyo

uxeSi lazar kaganoviCi.

rkinigzis uwyebaSi mis misvlamde,

1932 wels tvirTbrunvam Seadgina 169,3

miliardi tona-kilometric, 1937 wels

_ 354,8 miliardi tona-kilometri, 1940

wels ki 414 miliardi. es namdvilad ar

moxdeboda, kaganoviCs mTlianad rom

gaeJlita rkinigzis saxalxo komis-

ariatis xelmZRvanelTa Semadgenloba.

1938-1940 wlebSi aSenda 4,6 aTasi

kilometric sigrZis rkinigzis xazi

(meore xuTwledSi 3,4 aTasi). rkinigzis

ZiriTadi fondi sami wlis gan-

mavlobaSi 74 procentiT gaizarda,

mniSvnelovnad ganaxlda salokomoti-

vo depo. gamovida axali satvirTo or-

Tqmavlebi fd (feliqs ZerJinski), so

(sergo orjonikiZe), e da samgzavro or-

Tqmavali is (ioseb stalini). vagonebis

depo gaizarda 30 procentiT. da es mox-

da mas Semdeg, rac kaganoviCma “gaanadgu-

ra rkinigzis saxalxo komisariatis

sistemis inJiner-teqnikuri personali”.

griboedovis erT-erTi nawarmoebis

gmiri polkovniki skalozubi moskovis

Taobaze ambobda: “mas xanZari metad

mouxda...” samwuxarod, warsulis mware

ironia imiT ganmeorda, rom represiebma

mniSvnelovnad aamaRla Sromis nay-

ofiereba da ekonomikuri efeqtianoba.

da es amaRleba moxda ara SiSis sin-

dromis danergviT, aramed pasuxismge-

blobis grZnobis amaRlebiT, upirve-

lesad ki, ekonomikidan mesabotaJeebisa

da provokatorebis gamoZevebiT.

diax, represiebi sabWoTa kavSirSi

uamrav wesier sabWoTa adamiansac Se-

exo, romelTagan bevri daiRupa. Cems

mier naxsenebi generali cvetaevi (maSin

_ diviziis meTauri), romelic

gamoZiebam gaamarTla, wiTeli armiis

rigebSi aRdgenis Semdeg sakuTar av-

tobiografiaSi werda:

“...Cemi dapatimrebis mizezad miviCnev

kontrrevolucionerebis mtrul mo-

qmedebas, romelTa mizans sabWoTa

kavSirisa da sabWoTa SeiaraRebuli Za-

lebis Sesusteba warmoadgenda”.

Tavis Tavze gamoscada ra didi us-

amarTloba, cvetaevs kargad esmoda

drois moTxovnisa, magram avtori Ceru-

Sevi, romelmac es sityvebi Tavis

wignSi “gulagidan omSi” gamoiyena,

pirze qafmoreuli amtkicebs, rom jer

eJovi, Semdeg ki misi Semcvleli beria

mxolod imaze fiqrobdnen, rom, “rac

SeiZleba meti udanaSaulo xalxis

sisxli SeexvripaT...”

TviT CeruSevis wignis saxelwode-

ba gaxlavT cilismwamebluri, imitom,

rom masSi moTxrobilia im samxedro

meTaurebze, romlebic berias Ss sax-

alxo komisrad daniSvnis Semdeg gan-

Tavisufldnen ara Sroma-gasworebis

koloniebidan, aramed gamoZiebis Semdeg.

da rac mTavaria, isini moxvdnen ara

omSi, aramed daubrundnen wiTeli armi-

is rigebs.

magram samxedro xelmZRvanelobaSi

xom namdvilad arsebobda SeTqmuleba,

romlis gaxsna da romlis wvril-

manebSi garkveva sruliadac ar gaxl-

daT martivi saqme. me Semdeg mog-

iTxrobT, Tu rogor arTmevda Tavs am

rTul amocanas ssrk Sinagan saqmeTa

saxalxo komisrad axali daniSnuli

lavrenti beria.

1937 wlis 12 dekembers Catarda ssrk

umaRlesi sabWos arCevnebi. deputatad

lavrenti beriac airCies.

is, rom alternatiuli arCevnebis

idea Cavarda, mSromelTa farTo mase-

bisaTvis ar gaxda cnobili. magram am

Temam mainc gaiJRera stalinis

winasaarCevno moxsenebaSi mis

saarCevno ubanze moskovSi, 1937 wlis

11 dekembers, romelic meore dRes

gazeT “pravdaSi” gamoqveynda.

gagrZeleba iqneba

lavrenti beria _ qarTuli geniasergei kremliovi

beria _ XX saukunis saukeTeso

menejeri Targmani roland jalaRaniasi


“saqarTvelos amaRleba da droebiTi apokalifsi”mizanSewonilad migvaCnia mcirediT

mainc SevexoT im vai-politikas, ro-

melmac uxvad asxa wyali “mtris

wisqvilze”. diax! daverieT erTmaneTs,

Tumca musikas sxva ukravda, Cven mxo-

lod bans vaZlevdiT. didi konstan-

tinesi ar iyos, rogorc adre mra-

valgzis yofila: “vinme gamorCeuli Tu

gamogveria, unda davkortnoT”. da am

“kbena-dakbeCvam” qveyana siRaribis

zRvars miRma miiyvana; “mzis da var-

debis” qveyana gaanadgures da es, mer-

misSi, RmerTma nu qmnas, ganmeordes da

samSoblo sanatreli ar gagvixdes...

marTlac arsad ar aris sxva ca “uZi-

ro, lurji, xalasi”, magram es srulia-

dac ar niSnavs, rom saqarTvelos mxo-

lod Tbilisia, marto “karennoi” Tbi-

liselebi arian WeSmariti qarTvelebi,

sxvani ki “provincialebi”. magram, nu ity-

viT, da Turme Camosulebi, romlebic Sem-

degSi profesorebi, akademikosebi da

mwerlebi xdebian, verasodes eziarebian

im suls, Tbiliselebs rom aqvT. amdenad,

isini naklebad arian qarTvelebi. mavanTa

ukufilosofiiT didi ilia, akaki, vaJa,

cotne dadiani, galaqtioni, quji, fi-

rosmani, ilia vekua, iakob gogebaSvili

da sxva sasiqadulo mamuliSvilebi

WeSmariti qarTvelebi ar arian, imitom,

rom Tbiliselebi ar iyvnen.

rogorc batoni Tengiz kublaSvili

gangvimartavs (“ilori”, 2009, werilSi

“farajanirebisaTvis Sobilni”, fara-

janovi ki iyo sabWoTa somexi reJiso-

ri, Cven misi sawinaaRmdego araferi

gvaqvs) “farajanirebis” erTi Strixis

_ aqcentis, ufro sworad, Tbilisis kos-

mopolitur ubnebSi gaCenil, da mxolod

Tbiliseli somxebis qarTulze zegav-

leniT _ Taviseburi binZuri aromatis

Seqmnis da misi sxva komponentebis “to”-

s, yaraCoRluri Tu kintourobis cru

bohemuri romantizmis dasacavad, e.i. “ka-

rennoi”, Wreli Tbiliselebis dasaca-

vad. Turme periferiebidan kanoniere-

bisa da TviTon Tbilisis dasacavad,

“onwe” (akvanis) enis dasacavad, ufro ga-

sagebad: “ena, mamuli, sarwmunoebis” da-

sacavad _ periferiebidan mozRvavebu-

li “brbosagan”, ufro konkretulad, “su-

niani” megrelebisagan dasacavad (es Ta-

vad ramdenjerme msmenia im Soreul, av-

bediT, Savbnel dReebSi _ a.T.).

mokled, “Tbiliselebi” ebrZvian me-

grelebs,, ZirZvel qarTvelebs, an ara da,

Tu sxva araferi, megrelebis sisufTa-

ve da “pewi”, aseve Tavdadebac, saqveynod

qebulia.

aseve cnobilia _ sxvadasxva erov-

nebis bevri gamoCenili enaTmecnieri,

(niko marze rom araferi vTqvaT) mivi-

da im daskvnamde, rom warsulSi yvela

xalxisaTvis erTi saerTo ena unda ar-

sebuliyo da is megrul-svanur-

lazur-WanurSi moiZieba. isini amtki-

ceben, rom “megruli ena aris Ziri ena

qarTvelur enebs Soris.”

magaliTad, “vardna”, megrulad do-la-

fa, ufro sruli saxiT: do, re, mi, fa, sol,

la, si. msofliosaTvis es mxolod mu-

sikaluri bgerebia, romelic arafers

niSnavs. ra azricaa masSi kodirebuli,

iSifreba mxolod megrul enaze. amri-

gad, megruli ena kodis gasaRebs war-

moadgens (aviRoT Tundac sityva “a-R-

dgoma”).

aviRoT “festosis disko”, romelic

100 welia aRmoCenilia, magram mso-

flios udidesma lingvistebmac ki ver

gaSifres. saidumlo amoxsna axal-

gazrda enaTmecnierma gia kvaSilavam me-

grulis momarjvebiT. aRmoCnda, rom es

aris 4.000 wlis winaT dawerili himni

_ sagalobeli nanasadmi (dedisadmi), qu-

rumebisadmi (es ki Cveni enisaTvis bal-

Robis asakia). da samwuxaroa, rom main-

ca da mainc am preistoriul, albaT,

erTaderT cocxal enas, yovel SemTxve-

vaSi, qarTvelurebidan mainc _ me-

gruls, da am enis memkvidre megrelebs,

ZirZvel qarTvelebs Segnebulad ebrZ-

vian vai-qarTvelebi da maT ayolili

ujiSo, ubiri masebi.

Cveni didebuli winaprebis STamo-

mavlebi, romlebic naTxovari, nasesxe-

bi da sakuTari mciredi danazogiT Ca-

modiodnen provinciebidan, dRes Tav-

dadebulad ibrZvian Tbilisis gadar-

CenisaTvis, saqarTvelos gadarCenisaT-

vis, ra Tqma unda, WeSmarit Tbilise-

lebTan erTad. mavanni ki ibrZvian pi-

radi interesebis dasakmayofileblad,

Tanamdebobebis saSovrad, risTvisac

Tavis droze, danaSaulebrivi organi-

zacia “moqalaqeTa kavSiris” wiaRSi Ca-

moyalibda sazogadoeba “Tbiliseli”.

swored isini amJRavneben did siZul-

vils erovnuli moZraobisadmi, ramac

dangrevis pirad miiyvana sruliad sa-

qarTvelo. swored amazea naTqvami:

“siZulviliT binZur-binZur viareT,

ganvlil gzaze Suris qviSa eyara,

Cven raca gvWirs _ ZmaTa siZulvilia,

siZulviliT davangrieT qveyana!”

maT ar undaT damoukidebeli da Ta-

visufali saqarTvelo, maT ar surT zvi-

ad gamsaxurdias saqarTvelo, sZulT yo-

velive qarTuli erovnuli da tradi-

ciuli gandidebis maniiT Sepyrobilebs.

pirad ambiciebs Seswires samSoblo, da

rogorc ityvian, “naban wyals bavSvic

Tan gaayoles”.

rogorc zviadi brZanebda, “es gaake-

Ta SevardnaZis jibis inteligenciam”,

igive “wiTelma inteligenciam”. yove-

live amis aRsaqmelad xSirad unda mo-

vusminoT xolme amgvari inteligenci-

is udides eqsperts, baton elizbar ja-

veliZes, Tavad rafinirebul inteli-

gents, did eriskacs, romelic qed-

mouxrelad ezideba mZime jvars, rome-

lic yvelafers Tavis adgils miuCens

da samarcxvino boZze akravs im uRirs

da “uZReb” Svilebs, romelTa angarebas

“naWer-naWer” ewireba saqarTvelo. sa-

qarTvelo ujiSo gadamTielTa saaspa-

rezo arenad aris gadaqceuli, maSin,

roca samSoblodan ukrainaSi gavaqcieT

SesaniSnavi mwerali da adamiani guram

petriaSvili, aseve SesaniSnavi poeti da

gulmxurvale patrioti raul CilaCa-

va. am werilsac raul CilaCavas erT-

erTi SesaniSnavi leqsis bolo taepiT

davamTavreb:

“mesmis Civili didveziris _ dro

ufro waxda,

sanamde gaZlos unagirze raindma kax-

Ta,

male garsevan xels moawers samefo

traqtats,

gadavrCiT iqneb! Tu gadavrCiT, Sens

pirs Saqari!”

aleko Todua

cnobili qarTveli mwerlisa da pu-

blicistis leri alimonakis biogra-

fiuli romani “kviris wirvebi anu

cxovreba terenti granelisa” asaxavs

XX saukunis gamoCenili qarTveli

poetis terenti granelis cxovrebasa

da Semoqmedebas. eseistur-fsiqolo-

giuri Txrobis WrilSi gamokveTilia

poetis rTuli pirovneba, ociani wle-

bis winaaRmdegobebiT aRsavse tragi-

kuli movlenebi, terenti granelis

swrafva poeturi da erovnuli Tavi-

suflebisaken. Cvens mkiTxvels vTava-

zobT nawyvetebs aRniSnuli wignidan.

“movkvdebi RamiT, gaTenebisas, rodesac

gareT iqneba zamTris gacivebuli mTva-

re da yinva. sikvdilis win momagonde-

ba zamTris Rameebi da Cemi uzenaesi da:

es ori SeerTebuli koconi, romelic

mwvavda me yovelTvis... ase gaTavdeba si-

naTle, gaqrebian mogonebis wamebi. ga-

davecemi sikvdilis mdumare xelebs. Cemi

wamebuli sxeuli SeuerTdeba msoflio

elementebs, da me vigrZnob umaRles mos-

venebas. Cemi kubo iqneba sada da pro-

cesia ucremlo. me damasaflaveben Sua-

dRis or saaTze Tbilisis axlos. Cemi

dakrZalvis dRes aiSlebian feradi

Rrublebi da amovardeba Soreuli gri-

gali, baldaxini, romelic waiRebs Cems

cxedars, iqneba TeTri da moZvelebuli.

panaSvids gadamixdis vinme ubralo

mRvdeli, romelsac ar eqneba wakiTxu-

li Cemi sisxliani wigni “memento mori”.

ar Sevecodebi mRvdels, romelsac ar

ecodineba Cemi daferflili sulis

istoria. mxolod cxedarTan mdgom

poetebs moagondebaT Cems danislul

leqsebidan striqonebi. mova uimedoba.

panaSvidi gaTavdeba qarSi. Cems cxedars

nela CauSveben samareSi. da pirvel mi-

was saxeze momayris vinme uxeSi mesa-

flave. kubos ficarze Sewydeba ukanas-

kneli guguni miwis da qvebis. procesia

daiSleba. me da siCume davrCebiT mar-

to. gzaSi isaubreben Cemze. daRamdeba...

me SemeSindeba marto sasaflaoze, RamiT.

davtoveb kubos da tanSiSveli gamo-

viqcevi samaridan... da giJiviT vikivleb,

rom momeSvelon, rom damifaron. aravin

iqneba Cemi mxsneli, isev davecemi, _ Tavs

vigrZnob samareSi da kvlav mivecemi

Zils dausrulebels. nTeliviT Tavze

damadgeba Cemi ganuyreli da _ siCume.

TeTrad dasudruli iqneba mTeli qveya-

na. is sofeli, sadac me davibade, daems-

gavseba udabnos. gaivlis zamTari wvi-

miT da qarebiT. dadgebian gazafxulis

dReebi. SeifoTleba sasaflao. kvira di-

liT, rodesac yvela mlocvelisaTvis

gaiReba eklesiis kari, Cem saflavTan da-

fiqrebuli mova vinme qali, moigonebs

Cems damwvar saxes. ase gaivlian sauku-

neebi. Cem saflavs daadgeba mze Soreul

ricxvis. Cem mier uxilav saRamos bindi

dafaravs miviwyebul lodebs da Cemi sa-

flavi Seimoseba sibneliT. wamova wvi-

ma, qariSxali da mowyenil saflavze da-

mayris yviTel foTlebs. ase, droTa Savi

wveTebiT daxavsdeba Cemi samare, zed wa-

moizrdeba balaxi. zafxulSi, saRamo

dros, Cems saflavs Cauvlian TeTrad ga-

mowyobili qalebi, Sors sarkesTan uc-

nobi daukravs roials. dilaadrian ui-

medod ikivleben orTqmavlebi. mova

kviradRe da Cems axlo darekaven zarebs,

aanTeben sanTlebs. daiRlebian xelapy-

robili mlocvelebi. wirva gaTavdeba.

saydars daketaven, xatebi damwyvdeul

tusaRebiviT darCebian Sig, da sasa-

flaos CxaviliT gadaufrens yvavi.

gaqreba Tvalebi, romelzedac esvena Tbi-

lisis Rameebi mZime lodebiviT. da Cemi

samaris samudamo daraji iqneba Cemi uze-

naesi da _ siCume...”

dgas Sua saydarSi, suramidan ltol-

vili, da Caesmis es striqonebi, aTi wlis

winaT rom idumalma xmam ukarnaxa, Ca-

esmis da axsenebs misteriul dacemasa

da aRdgomas, Camqrali TvalebiT daJi-

nebiT umzers erT wertils da grZnobs

dasasrulis moaxloebas. gamoxsnilia

bedisweris yvela naskvi da mxolod er-

TiRa SerCenia xelT, mtkiced rom Seu-

kravs uxilav xelebs da uxilavi xe-

lebiTve mouweria sikvdilis mauwyebe-

li ricxvi: “1934”. dgas axla RmerTis

umaRles sinaTleSi danTqmuli, atria-

lebs xelSi am ukanasknel naskvs da sa-

kuTari xelebiT cdilobs mis ga-

moxsnas. mTeli Tavisi wuTisofeli be-

disweras ebrZoda, mis dafarul da ga-

mouTqmel Zalas, da rac ufro metad

ebrZoda, miT metad isadgurebda mis el-

vare TvalebSi bedisweris Soreuli

aCrdilebi. da cxovrobda ara momavlis

imediT, Seucnobel ufskrulad rom esa-

xeboda, aramed bedisweris imediT, RvTi-

sanabara, farul sixarulsa da mwuxa-

rebas rom aniWebda. mxolod am sixa-

ruliTa da mwuxarebiT Tu grZnobda,

rom cocxlobda, rom arsebobda. ise

mieltvoda bedisweras, rogorc suli _

usazRvroebas, suli maradi, biwierebi-

sagan ganwmendili da ganspetakebuli.

ise morCilebda bedisweris idumal xmas,

viT wuTisoflis amaoebas, viT gardau-

val xvedrs, im xvedrs, zeciuri sinaT-

le da sulis siwminde rom unaTebda. be-

diswera xom gardauvalobaa da isic

morwmune aRmsarebeliviT morCilebda

am gardauvalobas: “qveynis glova da wy-

evla Cems iRbals ukve miwvda. TiTqo ku-

boSi vwevar, TiTqo mayrian miwas...”

dgas Camqrali da elodeba anTebas, Ca-

mavali mzis anarekli, eklesiaSi sxive-

bad daRvrili, kvlav rom aunTebs sul-

Si sinaTles, kvlav rom ausxivosnebs Ca-

ferflil Tvalebs; dgas uZravad da da-

JinebiT umzers erT wertils, TiTqos iq

eZiebdes arsebobis Zirsa da fuZes, um-

zers da ixsenebs raRac dakarguls, ra-

Rac uxsovarsa da daviwyebuls. Camava-

li mzis anarekli ki ucxoferad acis-

krovnebs macxovris mwuxar saxes da

kvlav Caesmis saidanRac orRanis zemi-

wieri xmebi, Tovlis TeTri fantelebi-

viT rom cviva axla mis arsebaSi, da da-

nislul qveynebSi gadaxvewili misi max-

sovroba kvlav ubrundeba Tavis Camqral

keras. seqtembris fermkrTali dRe ki

ileva da mze mSvidad miesveneba sadRac,

mTavrdeba sinaTle da iwyeba Rame,

sikvdil-sicocxlis gzagasayari ga-

mouTqmel mwuxarebas amefebs da am ga-

mouTqmel mwuxarebaSi ibadeba locva

poeziisa, naxevrad dabindul da ga-

crecil sagnebidan moJonavs idumali

qrolva sulisa, raRac avismomaswave-

blad mdumarebs mTeli qalaqi, yovel-

dRiuri arsebobiT gadaRlil adamia-

nebs locvisa da vedrebis survili eu-

flebaT. Tavdeba saRamos wirva da say-

dari nel-nela carieldeba, gamodian

neli da mZime nabijebiT, mwuxare sa-

xeebiT da SiSCamdgari TvalebiT, magram

STagonebulni da rwmeniT aRvsilni. say-

darSi isev ikmeva sakmevlis nelsurne-

leba, daumqrali sanTlebi isev asxi-

vosnebs xatebs, aqa-iq isev daliclice-

ben eklesiis msaxurni, CaRvenTil sanT-

lebs agroveben. mRvdeli saxarebas ke-

cavs, Zvirfasi TvlebiT mooWvil yuT-

Si debs da moridebiT uaxlovdeba Sua

saydarSi uZravad mdgoms, Sexmianebas

ekrZaleba, iseTi elvare TvalebiT um-

zers TeTr raSze amxedrebul wminda

giorgis, Subapyrobili gveleSaps rom

gmiravs; da esmis _ uxmobs mxedari. ga-

fiTrebuli mzera qristeze gadaaqvs,

jvarze gakrul qristeze: dalursmuli

xel-fexidan sisxli sdis, uZiro sevdi-

Ta da tkiviliT aRbeWdili Tvalebi

jer kidev adastureben jvarcmulis si-

cocxles; da esmis _ uxmobs jvarcmu-

li. mere RvTismSobels miapyro mzera,

didxans, Zalian didxans umzira, TiTqos

raRac daviwyebulis gaxsenebas apireb-

so, viT yaribi vinme, udabnoebSi moxe-

tiale, mSobliur alags dabrunebuli...

terenti graneli wveTi poezia

ase TeTria es Cemi fiqri

(wuxel ocnebas cisken movyavdi).

me davdiodi Sen saxlis irgvliv

da Sen, Zvirfaso, sxvagan iyavi.

albaT gulidan sisxli mdioda

da guli Canda ufro striqonTan,

vwuxdi, es wami rom gadioda,

vwuxdi, es wami rom dros mihqonda.

da iyo baRi da TeTri skami,

me visvenebdi, qrodnen bindebi.

da iyo wami, cisferi wami

da iyo wami sxva garindebis.

terenti graneli


axali didmniSvnelovani aRmoCenebi Zveli

kolxeTis istoriis sakiTxebzegamovida da „ilorSi“ ibeWdeba is-

toriis mecnierebaTa doqtoris, pro-

fesoris, mecnierebis damsaxurebuli

moRvawis klimenti Selias wigni “ka-

cobriobis istoria kolxeTiT iwyeba”.

naSromi iwyeba Semdegi abzaciT:

“saqarTvelo msoflios pirveli

qveyanaa, qarTuli ena msoflios

pirveli enaa. saqarTvelos warRvnis

winandeli istoria aqvs, Tbilisis

damaarsebeli Tubalebi warRvnis-

droindeli tomebi iyvnen”, romelsac

epigrafad wamZRvarebuli aqvs cnobili

mecnieris, profesor levan sanikiZis

debuleba: “iberiada iwyeba kolxeTiT,

kolxeTSia qarTuli da msoflio civ-

ilizaciis saTave”.

am ZiriTadi debulebis dasamtkice-

blad avtors motanili aqvs mravali

masala da istoriuli dokumenti

Zveli msoflios gamoCenili

swavlulebis naazrevidan da Taname-

drove mecnierebis uaxlesi aR-

moCenebidan.

avtori samarTlianad miuTiTebs,

rom saqarTvelo uZvelesi droidan

erTi qveyana, erTi eTnosi iyo da

qveyanaSi erT enaze molaparake xalxi

cxovrobda. kolxeTis winare epoqaSi

erTian saqarTvelos iberia erqva.

atlantidis Sesaxeb msoflio lit-

eraturaSi aRmoCnda warRvnamdeli

(“wyar-Rvra”) qarTuli tomi, xalxi

“kolxua”, romelsac katastrofamdeli

atlantidis mosaxle xalxad miiCneven.

amis Sesaxeb masalebi gamoqveynebuli

aqvs irlandiuri warmoSobis amerikel

mecniersa da mwerals ignatios

donels wignSi “laTinuri enis war-

moSoba”, romelSic aRniSnavs, rom cen-

tralur amerikaSi, maias tomSi civi-

lizaciam atlantididan SemoaRwia.

gamodis, rom kolxuas tomma kolum-

bamde mravali saukuniT adre aR-

moaCina amerika da iq didi kulturuli

misia Seasrula, maias toms Tavisi al-

fabeti Seudgina. doneli, _ wers k.

Selia, _ eyrdnoba XVI saukunis es-

paneli misioneris diego de landas

xelnawer wigns “maias tomis istoria”,

romelSic aRwerilia warRvnamdeli ma-

ias tomis istoria, “maias ambani” da am

anbanis winasaxe “kolxuri anbani”.

yvela es masala Seiswavla da daadas-

tura frangma kaTolike misionerma

bode berbom.

albaT SemTxveviTi ar iyo is faqtic,

rom qristefore kolumbis ekipaJSi,

romelmac amerika aRmoaCina, Sedioda

sami kolxi mezRvauri _ Zmebi mo-

laSxiebi da lipiskua.

profesori klimenti Selia garkve-

viT miuTiTebs, rom aSS mecnierebma,

adamianis genetikis specialistebma

(xelmZRvaneli prof. braian saiqsi) aR-

moaCines, rom evropelTa didi nawilis

winaprebi kavkasiidan arian wamo-

sulebi (kavkasiaSi maSin kolxebi cx-

ovrobdnen). es didi aRmoCena, romel-

ic aRtacebiT miiRo msoflio samec-

niero sazogadoebam, amerikelebma

gaakeTes 2007 wels. manamde ki, 1999

wels, vladimer alfeniZem wamoayena de-

buleba, rom evropelebi CrdiloeT da

samxreT amerikaSi uZveles droSi

sazRvao gziT gadadiodnen. gansa-

kuTrebiT unda aRiniSnos, rom kavka-

siuri (kolxuri) geni aRmoaCnda

CrdiloeT amerikis zogierT indielTa

tomis warmomadgeniebs.

amerikel mecnierTa aRmoCeniT, kavka-

sia (kolxeTi) msoflioSi adamianTa

modgmis gavrcelebis mTavari kera

yofila, rom Tanamedrove evropelTa

rasa mutaciis gziT kavkasiaSi Camoy-

alibebula da Semdeg aqedan gavrcele-

bula mTel evropasa da amerikaSi (kl.

Selias naSromi, gv.14).

cnobilia, rom Tavdapirvelad kolx-

eTs erqva “enguri”, “inguri”, magram ro-

gorc profesori mixako wereTeli miu-

TiTebs, ebraelma arqeologma iulius

operetma (gardaicvala 1905 wels),

romelic samxreT saqarTveloSi ar-

qeologiur gaTxras awarmoebda, qvey-

nis saxelwodeba “enguri” Secvala

sityviT “Sumeri”, xolo qveynis mcx-

ovrebTa saxelwodeba “engureli”

sityviT “Sumeruli”. operetis mier

“Sumerad” wodebuli saxelmwifo aris

samegrelos samefo (n. fofxaZe, b.

sofia, z. qafianiZe da sxvebi) “enguri”,

“egari”, rogorc mdinaris, ise qveynis

saxelwodeba yofila. qveda mesopotami-

is qalaq ereduSi mdebare RvTaeba en-

qis taZari “inguri” protoSumeruli

periodisaa.

“kolxi”, “kolxa” Cveni qveynis uZve-

lesi dedaqalaqia, romelic daarsa

qveynis mefe anmarem (“zecis kaci”). misi

zeobis periodia Zveli welTaRricxvis

3.185-3.120 wlebi. mefis suraTi samefo

gvirgviniT da kverTxiT gamoqveynebu-

lia msoflios mravali qveynis isto-

riul wyaroebSi. anmare flobda

saqarTvelos da mis mimdebare

uzarmazar teritoriebs _ samxreTiT

megrelTa yuremde (amJamindeli

sparseTis yure), dasavleTiT nilosis

xeobis CaTvliT, sivrceebs mewamuli

zRvidan kaspiis zRvamde, kavkasiis,

iveriis an iberiis naxevarkunZuls,

xmelTaSua zRvis auzs mdinare ra-mde

(volgamde) da CrdiloeT indoeTis

teritoriebs.

naSromis avtori wers, rom

qarTvelTa _ kolxi mosaxleobis

monaTesave tomebad iTvlebian afrikis

vrcel teritoriaze mcxovrebi uZve-

lesi TeTrkaniani berberebi (amasve

amtkicebs didi rusi publicisti

vasil veliCko Tavis wignSi “kavkasia”

_ “ilori”). berberebi ZiriTadad cx-

ovrobdnen alJirSi (mosaxleobis erT

mexuTedze meti), marokoSi da sxva

qveynebSi. afrikaSi uZvelesi droidan

cxovroben agreTve megrulad mola-

parake Savkanianebi. amis Sesaxeb miu-

TiTebda Jurnali “moambe” XIX saukune-

Si da qarTuli presa XX saukunis 80-

ian wlebSi. “megrel zangebTan” Sexve-

dra alJirSi hqondaT qarTvel sab-

WoTa mezRvaur sioriZes da sxvebs.

garda amisa, uZvelesi kolxuri tome-

bi msoflios mraval qveyanaSi cx-

ovroben.

wyaroebiT garkveviT Cans, rom Zveli

welTaRricxvis XIV saukuneSi

CrdiloeT saqarTvelos samefo miTa-

nis mefe ratis asuli TaTu qimeTis

(egviptis) mefis _ faraon eqnatonis

(exnatonis) meuRle xdeba, xolo farao-

nis sikvdilis Semdeg egviptis faraoni

_ nefertitis saxeliT (am saxeliT ic-

nobs mas mTeli msoflio). nefertiti

egviptes 3 Tu 4 weli marTavda, romlis

Semdeg taxtze dasves 8-10 wlis tu-

tanhamoni, qveyanas ki marTavda farao-

nis mrCeveli _ premier-ministri, ratis

Zma, (nefertitis biZa) aia. tutanhamoni

18 Tu 19 wlis asakSi daiRupa, romlis

Semdeg aTi wlis ganmavlobaSi qveyanas

mSvidad marTavda aia (eia) _ neferti-

tis biZa. klimenti Selia askvnis:

“cnobilia, rom anmares Tavze ebura er-

Tiani qimeTis saxelmwifo gvirgvini,

romelic tradiciis mixedviT aTas-

wleulebis Semdeg eburaT iqaur

mefeebs. es gvirgvini ebura Cveni didi

winapris mefe ratis asuls TaTu ne-

fertits” (gv.44).

amerikeli ufologebis azriT, ka-

cobriobam “cxovreba iswavla” Zveli

Sumerebisgan, romlebic cxovrobdnen

Cvens welTaRricxvamde 5.500 wlis win,

rom maT Tixis firfitebze yvelaferi

ewera Cveni warmoSobisa da momavlis

Sesaxeb, rom Sumerebma yvelaferi “au-

nakis” kulturisagan iswavles, rom

“aun naki” cidan daSvebuls niSnavs, da

“marTlac”, Sumeris uZveles qalaq ere-

duSi cidan daeSva pirveli samefo

xelisufleba.

swored 5.500 wlis win da ufro

adrec, aRniSnul teritoriebze

megrul-lazur (qarTul) enaze _ ba-

nanur enaze molaparake xalxebi cx-

ovrobdnen.

profesori klimenti Selia uyu-

radRebod ar tovebs ucxoeli mec-

nierebis mier ukanasknel periodSi

mopovebul aRmoCenebs da axal

Sromebs. kerZod, ganxiluli aqvs cno-

bili mecnieris iuri mosenkinis naS-

romi “ucnobi qarTveluri ena da

mesopotamiaSi qarTuli dinastiis

mmarTvelobis 600 wlisTavi”. i. mosenk-

ini wers: “SeiZleba garkveviT viva-

raudoT, rom kasituri ena kidev erTi

uZvelesi enaa qarTveluri ojaxisa,

misi matarebelTa dinastia marTavda

babilons XVIII saukunis Sua wlebidan

XII saukunis Sua wlebamde Zveli

welTaRricxviT”.

“aqedan da sxva mravali masalidan,

wyaroebidan, _ wers kl. Selia, _

gamomdinare, keTdeba utyuari

logikuri daskvna: iseve, rogorc sxva

garkveuli teritoriebi, mesopotamia, ba-

biloni, oTxi aTasi da ufro didi

xniT adre kolxurad imarTeboda da

mmarTveloba xdeboda kolxur enaze”

(gv.17).

aseve msoflio mkvlevarebma,

gansakuTrebiT arqeologebma, ukanas-

knel periodSi moaxdines msoflio is-

toriuli mniSvnelobis aRmoCenebi. aq

aRsaniSnavia aleqsandre volkovis

naSromi “Wiplaris mTis samlocvelos

gamocanebi” da 1995 wels TurqeTis

samxreT-aRmosavleTiT, giobekli-tepe-

Si dawyebuli msoflioSi uZvelesi

samlocvelos gaTxrebi, romlebic age-

buli iyo neoliTis epoqaSi. veravin

warmoidgenda, rom monadireebi da

“velurebi velurebs” Soris _ aagebd-

nen taZrebs. gansakuTrebiT warmoud-

genelia iq aRmoCenili simboloebi,

romlebic aSkarad migvaniSneben damw-

erlobaze. magram mecnierebi gakvirve-

buli arian, rogor SeiZleboda 11

aTasi wlis win damwerloba yofil-

iyo?! es aris SiSveli borcvi, romel-

ic mdebareobs TurqeTisa da qurTebis

sazRvarze, mdinareebis tigrosisa da

evfratis (Zveli kolxuri mdinareebi)

saTaveebSi. germaniis arqeologiis in-

stitutis mier organizebuli (xelmZR-

vaneli klaus Smidti) gaTxrebis Sede-

gad aRmoCenili iqna oTxi wriuli

nageboba, romelTa kedlebis gaswvriv

da centrSi napovni TiTqmis oTxi

aTeuli monoliTuri sveti, romelic

iwonida 20 tonamde. kedlis relief-

Si gamosaxuli iyo T-sebri sveti da

aso-niSnebi H da sxva. aseve gamosaxuli

iyo cxovelebi _ iq Seiqmna qvis

saukunis mTeli “zooparki”. mecniere-

bi varaudoben, rom miwaSi Camarxulia

kidev ori aseuli qvis sveti (gaTxre-

bi Sewyvetilia, radgan TurqeTsa da

qurTebs Soris Setakebebi xdeba _ omi

mimdinareobs).

arqeologebi varaudoben, rom es iyo

neoliTis periodis msxvili sam-

locvelo, romelic mecnierebs

aiZulebs xelaxla gadaweron adreuli

istoriis mniSvnelovani Tavebi. es is

epoqaa, roca Cvens samyaroSi ar icod-

nen arc miwaTmoqmedebs da arc mesaqon-

leoba, Zveli kolxebi ki eklesia-

taZrebs aSenebdnen.

samecniero literaturaSi karga-

daa cnobili, rom dRevandeli Turqe-

Tis mTeli teritoria da mimdebare

vrceli sivrceebi, uZvelesi droidan

kolxuri tomebis samosaxlo iyo. aqe-

dan garkveviT gamomdinareobs, rom

giobekli-tepes _ Wiplaris (megrulad

“Cupas”) mTaze arsebuli eklesia-ta-

Zrebi da am eklesiaze arsebuli aso-

naxatebi da aso-niSnebi, _ rogorc a.

volkovi wers, _ “istoriul warsuls,

faqtebsa da movlenebs gadatrialebas

upirebs... rogorc arqeologebi va-

raudoben, gaTxrebi mecnierebs aiZu-

lebs xelaxla gadaweron civiliza-

ciis adreuli istoriis mniSvnelova-

ni Tavebi”.

rogorc Cans, saqme gvaqvs informa-

ciis kodirebis uZveles sistemasTan.

mecnierebi eridebian saubars damwer-

lobis Sesaxeb, radganac es amsxvrevs

adamianuri kulturis Camoyalibebis

Sesaxeb damkvidrebul warmodgenebs da

metyvelebs mxolod imaze, rom “gio-

bekli-tepes mSeneblebi Setyobinebis

Sesadgenad da sxva adamianebisaTvis ga-

dasacemad sargeblobdnen rTuli sim-

bolikiT” (klaus Smidti).

k. Smidtma kargad icis, rom zemoT

aRniSnuli eklesia-taZrebis svetze ga-

moxatuli simbolikebis, naxatebis, aso-

niSnebis gaSifvra-amokiTxva rTuli

saqmea. amitom ambobs: “Tumca, saeWvoa,

rom uaxloes momavalSi saimedod iq-

nas ganmartebuli giobekli-tepes sim-

bolika”.

yvelaferi es SesaZleblobas aZlevs

kl. Selias Tqvas: “magram dRes Tu

xval, erTi, xuTi Tu mravali wlis

Semdeg kacobriobas mouxdeba “civi-

lizaciis adreuli istoriis” gadaw-

era da imis aRiareba, rom kacobriobis

istoria kolxeTiT daiwyo, rom

msoflios pirveli ena kolxuri

(megruli) ena iyo da Semdeg war-

moiSvnen sxva qveynebi da sxva enebi.

kacobrioba mudmivad xom ar mo-

tyuvdeba... is rodesac kargad Caxedavs

istoriul wyaroebs da sabuTebs, aRi-

arebs WeSmaritebas”. (gv.51).

baton klimenti Selias sarecenzio

wignSi miTiTebulia masalebi imis

Sesaxeb, rom inJinerma SoTa xvedeliZem

gaSifra-amoikiTxa 4 aTasi wlis winan-

deli iberiuli tabula, romelic 1975

wels madrididan gamoagzavna cno-

bilma mecnierma manuel de drangim da

romelic gamoqveynda JurnalSi “teqni-

ka molodioJi” _ gaSifvris siswores

adasturebs akademikosi arnold

Ciqobava, rusi akademikosebi a. belo-

pliedevski, cnobili istorikosi i.

baraJkovi, kuibiSeveli mecnieri-

baskologi i. zicari da sxvebi. magram

rusma Sovinistebma dainaxes, rom qar-

Tuli damwerlobis sawyisma istori-

am SeiZleba gadaiwios 4 aTasi wliT,

amitom yvelaferi gaakeTes saqmis miC-

qmalvisaTvis. aseve, axalgazrda mec-

nierma gia kvaSilavam gaSifra 4 aTasi

wlis winandeli “festosis disko”,

romelic aRmoCenili iqna 1908 wels

kolxebis uZveles sacxovrisSi kunZul

kretaze, Tixis firfitaze orive mxares

oqros yalibiT amotvifrulia 244

niSani da sxva sityva-kompoziti.

2008 wlis 31 oqtombers _ 1 noembers

londonSi Catarebuli saerTaSoriso

samecniero konferencia mieZRvna “fes-

toris diskos” aRmoCenis 100 wlisTavs.

iubileze profesor gia kvaSilavas

moxseneba iyo msoflio konferenciia

gvirgvini da mSveneba, romelSic war-

werebiani disko ametyvelebul iqna

proqarTul _ kolxur enaze.

profesorebi: jemal jinjixaZe,

iakob axuaSvili,

ioseb kapanaZe


saqarTvelos sagareo politika da diplomatia 1918-1921 wlebSi1918 wlis 26 maiss TbilisSi, mefi-

snacvlis yofil sasaxleSi, gamar-

Tul erovnuli sabWos sxdomaze n.

Jordaniam waikiTxa saqarTvelos da-

mokideblobis aqti.

Turqebma isargebles amierkavkasiis

seimis mier brest-litovskis zavis ar-

cnobiT, ganaviTares samxedro Seteva

da daikaves saqarTvelosa da somxeTis

sagrZnobi nawili.

14 maiss saqarTvelos erovnulma sab-

Wom daxmarebisa da mfarvelobisaTvis

germanias mimarTa. germaniis xelisu-

fleba dadebiTad moekida am Txovnas:

feldmarSali ludendorfi igonebda,

rom saqarTvelos Txovnis meSveobiT

SesaZlebeli xdeboda kavkasiuri ne-

dleulisa da rkinigzebis gamoyeneba

Turqebisagan damoukideblad. ̀ ...amitom

me viSuamdgomle imperiis kancleris

winaSe saqarTvelos Txovnis dakmayo-

filebisaTvis,~ _ werda igi.

28 maiss foTSi germaniisa da sa-

qarTvelos warmomadgenlebma xeli

moaweres SeTanxmebaTa pakets. imave

dRes germaniis warmomadgenelma fon

losovma saidumlo weriliT aRuTqva

saqarTvelos xelisufalT, rom Seec-

deboda, daeyoliebina germaniis mTa-

vroba ruseT-saqarTvelos molapara-

kebebSi am ukanasknelisaTvis mxarda-

Weris aRmoCenaze, ruseTisagan gamoyo-

fis Semdgom ki saqarTvelos damou-

kideblobis aRiarebaze.

a. Cxenkeli germaniis delegacias

berlinSi gahyva. TurqeTTan sazavo mo-

laparakebis gagrZeleba iTava n. ra-

miSvilma, romelic 31 maiss Cavida ba-

TumSi. baTumSi sazavo molaparakeba

dasrulda 1918 wlis 4 ivniss. `zavis da

megobrobis~ xelSekruleba TurqeTs

akuTvnebda mTel mesxeTs, awyurisa da

abasTumnis gamoklebiT.

sainteresoa ruseTisa da antantis

qveynebis reaqcia saqarTvelo-germaniis

daaxloebis faqtze.

bolSevikur ruseTSi saqarTveloSi

am droisaTvis Seqmnili situacias ase

afasebdnen `saqarTvelos es damou-

kidebloba yovlad aSkara motyuebad

iqca _ sinamdvileSi es aris saqar-

Tvelos okupacia da sruli dapyroba

germaneli imperialistebis mier~.

antantis qveynebi, romelnic germa-

nias eomebodnen, aseve Tvlidnen, rom sa-

qarTvelos damoukidebloba ararea-

luri iyo. aSS-is saxelmwifo mdivnis

movaleobis Semsrulebeli frenk pol-

ki swerda 31 ivliss did britaneTSi

amerikis elCs peijs:

`doqtori kiulmanis 24 ivnisis ga-

mosvlidan Cans, rom germaniis mTa-

vrobam cno saqarTvelos `damoukide-

bloba~. kiulmanis gancxadeba, Turqu-

li presis toni da sxva faqtebi me-

tyvelebs imaze, rom centralurma sa-

xelmwifoebma saqarTvelo sruli kon-

trolis qveS moaqcies~.

1920 wlis 16 dekembers erTa ligis

saerTo krebaze ixileboda saqarTve-

los am organizaciaSi wevrad miRebis

sakiTxi. sakiTxis dayeneba erTa ligis

saerTo krebaze JenevaSi momzadda

erTa ligis mudmiv samdivnosTan mo-

laparakebebisa da mimoweris gziT

1920 wlis zafxulsa da Semodgomaze.

erTa liga, wesdebis Tanaxmad, miznad

isaxavda `TanamSromlobis ganviTare-

bas xalxTa Soris da maTi mSvidobi-

sa da usafrTxoebis garantias~.

saqarTvelos da sxva axalgazrda

qveynebs erTa ligisaken izidavda misi

wesdebis meaTe statia. am statiis Ta-

naxmad, erTa ligis wevrebi iRebdnen

valdebulebas, pativi ecaT da daecvaT

organizaciis yvela wevris saxelmwi-

foebrivi damoukidebloba. magram swo-

red es statia gaxda saqarTvelos

erTa ligaSi gawevrianebis xelisSem-

Sleli garemoeba. ganxilvaze sityviT

gamovidnen f. nanseni (norvegia) da r.

sesili (samxreT afrika). nansenma sa-

qarTvelos mxardamWeri sityva war-

mosTqva. sityvam didi STabeWdileba

moaxdina damswreebze.

sesilmac mxari dauWira saqarTve-

los miRebas erTa ligaSi. Semdgom ami-

sa, sityva moiTxova inglisis warmo-

madgenelma fiSerma. man ganacxada,

rom nansenisa da sesilis gancxadebe-

bi sworia, magram saqarTvelos dacva

sirTules warmoadgens. ar SeiZleba

saqarTvelos sakiTxis gancalkeveba

baltiispireTis respublikaTa sakiT-

xisagan (saqarTvelos sakiTxis gan-

xilvamde safrangeTis sagareo saqme-

Ta ministri viviani baltiis qveynebis

erTa ligaSi gawevrianebis winaaRmdeg

gamovida). `me viTxov dafiqrebas sa-

kiTxze, mzad varT Tu ara, vurCioT

Cvens mTavrobebs, aRmouCinon materia-

luri daxmareba am mamac patara sa-

xelmwifos, Tu amgvari aucilebloba

dadgeba,~ _ dasZina fiSerma.

kenWisyraSi 24 saxelmwifo monawi-

leobda. saWiro iyo 16 xmis miReba. sa-

qarTvelos erTa ligaSi gawevrebas

mxari dauWira 10-ma saxelmwifom. in-

glisisa da safrangeTis opoziciam sa-

qarTvelos erTa ligaSi miReba Seu-

Zlebeli gaxada.

imavdroulad saqarTvelos mTa-

vroba molaparakebas awarmoebda an-

goris mTavrobis diplomatiur war-

momadgenel kiazim-beisTan. igi cdi-

lobda, moepovebina TurqeTis dapire-

ba daxmarebis an neitralitetis Sesa-

xeb. 1921 wlis 11 ianvris Semdeg Tbi-

lissa da angoras Soris moxda depe-

Sebis gacvla. TurqeTi daTanxmda, ga-

ewvia samxedro daxmareba im pirobiT,

Tu saqarTvelo uars ityoda olTisis

dablobze da daTmobda ardaRanis

mxares.

Turqebs esmodaT, rom demokratiuli

saqarTvelo umZimes pirobebSi aRmoC-

nda. amitomac maTTvis mTavari iyo, moq-

medebaTa dawyebamde xelT egdoT mo-

menti, raTa movlenebisaTvis win ar

gaeswroT da arc daegvianebinaT. 17

Tebervals noe Jordaniam ganacxada sa-

qarTvelos mTavrobis Tanxmobis Se-

saxeb TurqeTis pirobebze, Tu `Turqe-

Ti dauyovnebliv gadmovidoda saqar-

Tvelos mxareze~. am sakiTxze mola-

parakebebi mimdinareobda 1921 wlis Te-

bervalSi ankaraSi Casul saqarTvelos

warmomadgenel s. mdivanTan, magram

TurqeTi saqmes aWianurebda da arc

daxmarebia saqarTvelos, ardaRansa da

arTvinSi ki Jordanias TanxmobiT Ta-

visi jarebi Seiyvana.

* * *

damoukideblobis dros tfilisi

mxiarulad scxovrobda. ar CamorCe-

boda provinciac. marTalia, gzebis mo-

Wris gamo, pirvel xanebSi xalxi bevr

nakls ganicdida, magram tfilisis sa-

zogadoeba mainc `gemozed~ icvamda.

sWarbobda samxedro Cacmuloba. did

samsaxurs uwevda xalxs zamTarSi _

omis monarCeni frenCi, zafxulSi _ nar-

mis xalaTi. Tu xalxs bevri ram

aklda, samagierod Rvinos hqonda am

wlebSi kargi mosavali. gatana Seu-

Zlebeli an Zneli iyo da Sin wyali-

viT iRvreboda. kacma marTali unda

sTqvas, Cveni `demokratia~ puradi iyo.

TiTonac Seeqcevoda, stumrebsac dros

atarebinebda, amdeni mxiaruloba tfi-

liss arasodes ar unaxavs, krebas ban-

keti mosdevda, bankets _ kreba, tfi-

lelobac Tavis xelisuflebas baZav-

da da restornebSi erTi varxalalo

da sityvebis raxaruxi idga.

maxsovs erTi aseTi banketic qar-

Tul klubSi gamarTa mTavrobam da

stumrebad germanuli da avstriuli

misiebi hyavda. me am banketzed ar vyo-

filvar, magram roca mTavroba da mi-

siis oficialuri pirni wavidnen, ge-

neralma vas. gabaSvilma, romelic ban-

kets daeswro, danarCen germanelebs

axali sufra gauSala da klubidgan

ramdenime kaci migvipatiJa. visxediT

didxans da germanelebi da avstrie-

lebi siamovnebiT svamdnen Cvenebur

Rvinos, magram banketi arc amiT ga-

Tavda. namdvili àxali sufra~ axla

klubis oficiantebma gauSales gene-

ral gabaSvils. gabaSvili tfilisSi

mudam didi vinme iyo. miT umetes mas

Semdeg, rac pirvel qarTul jars mTa-

varsardlobda. misi stumrebic xom na-

xevrad germanel-avstrielebi iyvnen.

Cveni friad gawvrTnili oficiantebi,

Zvels droSi amas ver gabedavdnen, ma-

gram dro iyo qarTuli, patriotuli

da èrovnuli sixaruli~ yovelive `sa-

zRvars~ laxavda. ra Tqma unda, ofi-

ciantebi CvenTan erTad sufrazed ara

msxdaran da mxolod maspinZlobas gvi-

wevdnen.

amave banketzed aseTi ambavic max-

sovs. roca yvelaferi gaTavda, grafi

Sulenbergi saxlSi me gavacile. di-

lis meSvide saaTi iyo, tfilisi axlad

iRviZebda. mxolod Tavisuflebis moe-

danzed SevniSne, rom kaizeris warmo-

madgenels da kuzens Tavzed qudi ara

hqonda da arc xelSi eWira. Sulen-

bergi Zveli ̀ tfiliseli~ iyo. omis win

CvenSi konsulad iyo da Cveneburi Rvi-

nis Zala kargad icoda, magram etyoba,

am Rvinos savsebiT ejobna dRes. dav-

brundiT qudis mosaZebnad da Semdeg

suraTs wavawydiT: `delegacias~, ra

Tqma unda, CvensaviT SezarxoSebuls, di-

dis mowiwebiT mihqonda es qudi, albaT,

grafis binazed.

osmaleTTan omma, axalcixis opera-

ciebma, somxebis Tavdasxmam, glexebis

ajanyebam _ xan aq, xan iq, gagris fron-

tma, osebis gandgomam, terorma qar-

TlSi, xan ki mTeli mazris `kanonga-

reSe~ dayenebam da miwis kanonma, ro-

melic, agreTve, qveyanazed Tavdasxmas

ufro hgavda, vidre saxelmwifo re-

formas, dRemdi iseTi STabeWdileba

dastoves Cemzed, TiTqos am sami wlis

ganmavlobaSi gamudmebul omSi viyaviT.

aqedgan iyo es gamudmebuli lxinic, Ta-

namavali yvela omebis, jer kidev ho-

merosis droidgan da CvenSi didi omi-

sagan gacxovelebuli.

tfilisi, erT dros mefeTa sajdo-

mi, Semdeg rusebisagan kavkasiis sana-

mestnikos centrad gamocxadebuli da

nair-mosaxleobaSi aTqvefili isev sa-

qarTvelos dedaqalaqad iqca. aq ijda

saqarTvelos mTavroba, aqave iyvnen

ucxo saxelmwifoTa warmomadgenelni

am mTavrobasTan.

im dros, rodesac qarTuli sazoga-

doeba im tradicias agrZelebda, rom-

lis fesvebi Zvel istoriul wiaRSi

iyvnen wasulni, Cveni demokratia Jor-

danias piriT acxadebda, rom `Zveli sa-

qarTvelo~ ise mokvda, arc erTi da-

wesebuleba ar dagvitovao~. Cveni oc-

saukunovani istoria qarTuli `demo-

kratiisaTvis~ dawesebuleba ar iyo.

aRorZinebis gzazed Semdgari eri am-

bobda, rom es warsuli mdidrad na-

weri etrati iyo. Jordania upasuxebda,

rom saqarTvelo ̀ tabula raza~ ariso.

ase gamoeyo respublika qarTul isto-

rias, `demokratia~ _ qarTvel ers, mTa-

vroba _ qarTul Semoqmedebas.

samagierod, mas surda, iseTi saqar-

Tvelo Seeqmna, romelic arc odesme am-

bad Tqmula, arc sadme wignad werebu-

la. Cven kurTxeul demokratiul sa-

qarTveloSi moxda ambavi, romelic qar-

Tul respublikas, SesaniSnavad axa-

siaTebs. tfilisSi arsebobda irakli

mefis saxelobis skola, erTaderTi Ze-

gli, romelic Cven SesaniSnav mefes,

jer kidev rusebis dros Tavis satax-

to qalaqSi hqonda. me exlac ar vici,

rogor moxda, rom tfilisis qalaqis

somxurma sabWom da rusis admini-

straciam amis neba darTo. samagierod

kargad vicnobdi am skolas, vinaidgan

gamged Cemi naTesavi hyavda, davdiodi

xSirad, vxedavdi qarTvel bavSvebs,

romlebic iq swavlobdnen da, rac mTa-

varia, yovelTvis vkiTxulobdi rusul

warweras, Zalian sadas da gangeb pa-

taras, rom skola irakli mefis saxe-

lobisa iyo. TiTqos patara ramea, ma-

gram sxva uCveno erSi patrioti qar-

Tvelebi Svilebs ganzrax am skolaSi

miiyvandnen da radgan es skola pata-

ra iyo, iq Sesvla sacilo sagnad gax-

deboda. ase iqmneba patara ramedgan

didi erovnuli tradicia. magram mdi-

dar da `ganaTlebul~ qarTvelebs Ta-

visi Svilebi iq ar mihyavdaT da ama-

zed arca vnanob. iq swavlobda Cveni

mdabio xalxis Sviloba, qalaqis ubra-

lo xalxi, romelsac Cveni didebuli

mefis xsovna ufro metad miaCnda da

miaCnia, vidre mdidar da `ganaTlebul~

qarTvelobas. me mgonia, saqmisaTvis es

saukeTeso iyo. Cvenma respublikam ai, am

skolazed gailaSqra.

erT dRes, gaqarTulebulma tfili-

sis qalaqis sabWom, arc meti arc na-

klebi, am skolas, rogorc demokra-

tiisaTvis Seuferebeli, irakli mefis

saxeli moxsna da rogorc `qarTuli

demokratiisaTvis~ friad Sesaferi,

rusuli saxeli miakera. vin iyo es

rusi, aRar maxsovs da arc sayura-

dReboa. roca qvas gesvrian, sulerTia,

marmariloa, Tu riyis qva! mTavari is

aris, rom es moxda qalaqis sabWos dar-

bazSi, rodesac yvela lamfebi enTo da

patiosani xalxi, romelmac es moimoq-

meda, erTmaneTs kidev pirSi uyurebda!

exla, roca am demokratiis ùwarCine-

bulesi~ nawili, erisa da qveynis sa-

saxelod parizis trotuarebs stkepnis

da Tavis bednieri TvaliT xedavs, rom

demokratiis qalaqSi cocxali prezi-

dentis gverdiT, gaqvavebul mefeTa Ze-

glebic bevria, iqneba vinme dagveTan-

xmos, rom safrangeTis demokratia arc

Tu iseTi CamorCenili yofila. magram

maSin tfilisSi, roca qalaqis moura-

vad gansvenebuli benia CxikviSvili iyo,

xolo qalaqis erT patara skolas ira-

kli mefis saxeli erqva, aseTi ram qar-

Tulma demokratiam iseT sircxvilad

da CamorCenilobad miiCnia, rom ara-

fris win ar daixia da mefe irakli

tfilisidgan `gadaasaxla~. patrio-

tebma protesti ganacxades, magram qa-

laqis sabWoSi isini cotani iyvnen. sa-

zogadoeba aRSfoTda. Tumca respu-

blikaSi vcxovrobdiT, Tumca `droni

mefoben da ara mefeni“-o, aris aseTi an-

dazac! magram irakli mefe mainc ira-

kli mefe iyo! petre didis Zegli bol-

Sevikebsac ar mouspiaT. aseTi Seu-

racxyofa im patara qarTvelebisa, rom-

lebsac jer kidev rusebis dros Tavi

imiTi mohqondaT, rom irakli mefis

skolaSi swavlobdnen.

Cvens protestebzed da sazogadoe-

bis ukmayofilebazed `demokratiam~ yu-

ric ar gaibertya. skolas iraklis sa-

xeli moxsnes da patara dafa, romel-

sac didi qarTuli saxeli ewera, sa-

dRac miagdes. erovnuli grZnobis ase-

Ti Selaxva da erovnul wesrigis ase-

Ti darRveva damoukidebel saqarTve-

loSi fexis yovel nabijzed xdeboda.

gana visTvis iyo saWiro, rom tfili-

sis erT umTavres quCas `plexanovis

prospeqti~ daarqves? mxolod ramde-

nime TuTiyuSisaTvis, romelic plexa-

novs saqarTveloSi hyavda! magram es

moxda da mravali sxvac. ar iyo sami-

nistro, sadac TiTo rusi mainc ar

mjdariyos _ Cveni erovnuli mTavro-

bis `partiuli~ amxanagi. gvardiis

Stabi, profesionaluri kavSirebi, par-

tiuli presa araqarTuli xalxiT iyo

savse. aseTi iyo `saqarTvelos~ so-

cial-demokratiuli partia. gana dRes

bevrs axsovs, rom `qarTuli~ miwis ka-

noni rusma neruCevma daswera?! am ka-

nons mere cota feri ucvales, xome-

rikis Txzulebad monaTles da cxo-

vrebaSiac SemoiRes. saqarTvelos min-

dvrebSi stepka razinis, pugaCovis da

leninis suli daTeses...

warsuli saqmea da msjeloba dam-

Svidebuli SeiZleba. iseTi ambavi, ro-

goric qarTuli skolisgan qarTveli

mefis saxelis moxsna aris, demokra-

tiuls arafers Seicavs da xalxs ara-

sodes ar moewoneba. qarTvelma mefe-

ebma saqarTvelo didebiT ganvles da

dRes mis panTeonSi ganisveneben. imaTi

aqedgan gamodevna gulidgan _ siyva-

rulis, sindisidgan _ madlobis da Ta-

vidgan _ Wkuis gandevnas niSnavs.

qarTulma `demokratiam~ am dRes

maRla SeafurTxa da mere saxe Seu-

Svira. es seiri mTelma saqarTvelom

naxa! im crumorwmuneobisagan, romelic

bednierebas ekonomikur da politikur

subordinaciaSi xedavda, iwyeba axali

xana erebis aRorZinebisa, romelTa in-

teresebi iseve Zvirfasia progresisa

da kulturisaTvis, rogorc interese-

bi yvela aqamde Tavisufal erebisa.

`saqarTvelo~ #8, ianvris 11, 1918 w.

Temur qoriZe


eri da meri anu teftis formula,

vasiliCi da matome ugakisaqarTvelo uaxlovdeba morig po-

litikur kriziss ise morCilad, ro-

gorc sikvdilmisjili eSafots. gark-

veuli Sinagani SfoTva, raRa Tqma unda

aris, Tumca sabediswero gezis Secvlis

survili da SesaZlebloba, namdvilad

ar SeiniSneba. xelisuflebis da opo-

ziciuri partiebis ganwyoba ukve dRes

cxadyofs, rom gazafxulze mwvave kon-

frontaciis garda verafers Se-

mogvTavazeben. arsebobs Tu ara Sansi,

rom mosalodneli krizisi gansaku-

TrebiT mZime Sedegebis gareSe das-

ruldes?

sicruis formula

gavrcelebuli mosazrebis Tanaxmad,

30 maisis ,,adgilobrivi arCevnebi metia

vidre ubralod arCevnebi”. ise, am

qveyanaSi ,,ubralod arCevnebi” didi xa-

nia aRar tardeba, sul gadamwyveti

brZola da titanebis Serkinebaa. mTa-

vari kiTxva ki sakmaod martivia: aris

Tu ara romelime politikuri Zala

sakmarisad Tavdajerebuli imisTvis,

rom xelisuflebis SecvlisTvis rea-

luri nabijebi gadadgas?

,,Statebis elCi jon tefti eubne-

boda saqarTveloSi pirvelad Camosu-

lebs, rom qarTveli politikosebis

upirvelesi wesi aris yvelafris gaz-

viadeba 25%-iT, Tu ara metiT”,- es ci-

tata ronald asmusis axali wignida-

naa ,,patara omi, romelmac SeZra mso-

flio”. misi xangrZlivi da mtkivneuli

citireba jer kidev win gvaqvs. amjerad,

mxolod is aRvniSvnoT, rom qarTul

politikaSi WeSmaritebis dadgenisas,

albaT, marTlac ajobebs ,,teftis

formula” (x=0,75y) gamoviyenoT.

swored es 25%, savaraudod qmnis

erTgvar sicruis vels, realobis

aRqmis mrude sarkes, romlis tyveoba-

Si upirvelesad Tavad pilitikosebi

eqcevian. nebismier situaciaSi, romlis

ganviTarebidan logikurad erTi Se-

degi unda dadges (magaliTad 2+2=4),

,,asmus-teftis koeficients” sruli

gaurkvevloba Seaqvs _ Sedegad jamSi

xan 5-s viRebT, xan 7-s, xanac (ga-

moTqmisTvis bodiSi) 3,14-s mzard pro-

gresiaSi.

yovelive es saxaliso iqneboda, rom

ara Sedegebis simZime: magaliTad, rea-

lobisgan erT-erTma bolo acdenam 2008

wlis agvistos omi warmoSva _ es azri

ronald asmusis Txzulebas erTgvar

refrenad gasdevs. amerikeli diplo-

matis wigni sulac ar warmoadgens WeS-

maritebas bolo (gnebavT boloswina)

instanciaSi, Tumca mis mier Segrove-

buli (rig SemTxvevaSi sakmaod osta-

turad interpretirebuli) faqtebi,

savsebiT sakmarisia imisTvis, rom

mkiTxvels saqarTvelos xelisuflebis

msubuqi araadekvaturobis STabeWdi-

leba darCes (absoluturis ara, ase

25%-ianis).

masSi kidev erTi saintereso qve-

teqstis daWera SeiZleba. am mxriv, wi-

gni ucnaurad hgavs sul sxva JanrSi da

gacilebiT maRali ostatobiT dawe-

ril barbara takmanis ,,agvistos zar-

baznebs”, romelic I msoflio omis

sawyis etapze mogviTxrobs. am wignis

wakiTxvis Semdeg, mkiTxvels SeiZleba

darCes STabeWdileba, metic, Rrma Si-

nagani rwmena imisa, rom did britaneTs

(asmusis SemTxvevaSi aSS-s) krizisis

formirebasa da omis gaCaRebaSi gan-

sakuTrebuli brali ar miuZRvis, da igi,

ubralod, garemoebaTa uiRblo kombi-

naciis msxverpli gaxda. am azris

Tavs moxveva, iribad, movlenebis Tav-

brudamxvevi aRweris miRma xdeba.

Tumca es niuansebia, _ isev ,,teftis

formulas” davubrundeT: swored

araadekvaturobis koeficientis wya-

lobiT, gazafxulis mosalodnelma

krizisma SeiZleba gamoiRos Sedegi, ro-

melic mocemulobidan logikurad ar

gamomdinareobs, iseTi rogorsac, sa-

zogadoeba da saerTaSoriso moTama-

Seebi naklebad elian. amas kidev erTi

faqtori emateba: gare Zalebis Careva

procesebSi SedarebiT Semcirebuli

iqneba. ukrainis magaliTi Tvalwin

gvaqvs. globaluri balansis Secvlis,

rigi sxva garemoebebis gamo vaSingtoni

iZulebulia, nawilobriv mainc, uari

Tqvas uSualo Carevaze post-sabWoTa

qveynebis saSinao saqmeebSi. amgvarad,

rig SemTxvevebSi qarTvel politiko-

sebs damoukidebeli gadawyvetilebebis

miReba mouwevT. kuratorebis kontro-

lis Sesusteba garkveul wilad ukve

daetyo xelisuflebas da igi sakmaod

mZime Secdomebs uSvebs (magaliTi:

igive ukrainis arCevnebSi Carevis mcde-

loba. rogoraa neta vasiliCi?).

oriode sityviT vasiliCze; rodesac

paraskevs saRamos ukrainelma Zalov-

nebma kievis centrSi 1968 wels daba-

debuli, trotiliT da pistoletiT

SeiaraRebuli qarTveli mamakacis da-

kavebis Sesaxeb gvamcnes, gulma avi

igrZno _ vasiliCic xom 68-Sia daba-

debuli, xom ar gaudga igi iaponeli

vice-admiralis, matome ugakis gzas, da

marcxis aRiarebas samurais Rirseba

arCia; ugulvebelyo ra brZaneba kapi-

tulaciis Sesaxeb da erTgul kamika-

ZeebTan erTad mainc aiWra caSi uka-

nasknel paemanze amomaval mzesTan.

mSfoTvare warmosaxva xatavda Sarfe-

biT Semoxveul givi vasiliCs (kievSi

civa), romelic meryevi nabijebiT (tro-

tuarebi moyinulia) xreSCatiks miuy-

veba. gayinuli TiTebi pistolets

ebRauWebian, xolo tuCebi imeoreben:

,,netav davece, spetaki rogorc sakuras

yvavili gazafxulze”... Tumca maleve

gairkva, rom dakavebuli sul sxva pi-

rovnebaa, xolo is, rom matome ugaki da

vasiliCi gansxvavebuli miswrafebebis

da gaqanebis adamianebi gaxldnen im-

TaviTve cnobili iyo.

ager Sen da ager germania

zogadad, qarTuli politikis Tan-

dadanobiTi, Tundac iZulebiTi, ga-

mosvla amerikelTa kontrolidan mi-

sasalmebelia, Tumca am medals meore

mxarec aqvs. warmovidginoT, rom Cveni

mezobeli, romelic bolo wlebis gan-

mavlobaSi warmatebiT kontroldebo-

da asaTianis quCaze TeTrxalaTiani

profesionalebis mier, uceb sadarba-

zoSi SemogvefeTa. TiTqosda yvela-

feri wesrigSia, adamiani gamoweres, igi

iRimis da keTilganwyobas afrqvevs, ma-

gram arc erTi Cvengani ar motrial-

deba ise, zurgs ukan rom datovos, mi-

Tumetes rom jibidan samarTebeli

uCans.

cvlilebebs saerTaSoriso arenaze,

qarveli politikosebis repertuarSi

sagulisxmo serenadebis gaCena moyva.

irakli alasania: ,,Cven realurad unda

gavxsnaT savaWro-ekonomikuri da sa-

komunikacio urTierTobebi ruseTis

federaciasTan, daviwyoT saxalxo di-

plomatiis resursis amoqmedeba. amav-

droulad, am procesSi unda CavrToT

seriozuli evropuli liderebi. es

SeiZleba iyos germaniis federaciuli

respublika an nebismieri sxva qveyana,

romelsac wona aqvs ruseTisTvis da

Suamavlis rols ikisrebs politiku-

ri dialogis aRdgenis mimarTulebiT”

(sainformacio saagento ,,pirveli”).

niSandoblivi iyo nino burjanaZis

gamosvlac telekompania ,,kavkasiis”

eTerSi (3 Tebervali), rodesac davosis

samitze (iq saakaSvili ar miuwveviaT)

gamarTul Sexvedrebze saubrisas, ram-

denjerme, TiTqmis xazgasmiT, axsena

azrTa gacvla swored germaniis war-

momadgenlebTan. man agreTve daadas-

tura mzadyofna kremlTan molapara-

kebebi gamarTos.

mokled, _ marlen ditrixi rom

ityoda 1965-Si: “Berlin, Berlin, wenn deine

Blumen spriessen...” -logikuria, procese-

bisgan aSS-s Semdgomi distancirebis

WrilSi ki, albaT, gardauvalic. ga-

sarkvevi mxolod is darCa, raSi sWir-

deba es germanelebs? am konteqstSi, in-

teresmoklebuli ar unda iyos, bode-

nis da Stainmaieris samSvidobo geg-

mebis gaxsenebac, romelTagan ukanas-

kneli, faqtobrivad, uSualod omis win

mowodebul, erTgvar samaSvelo rgols

warmoadgenda. idealuri namdvilad ar

yofila, Tumca, im momentSi albaT,

erTaderTi SesaZlebeli gaxldaT.

faqtia, dRes msgavs gegmas aravin Se-

mogvTavazebs. dRevandeli gadasaxe-

didan, sakmaod mkafiod Cans, rom ger-

manelebi kargad xedavdnen mosalod-

nel safrTxes da misi ganeitralebi-

saTvis SeZlebisdagvari nabijic (amao)

gadadges.

miunhenis konferenciaze (am Ronis-

Ziebamac raRacnairad saakaSvilis ga-

reSe Caiara) germaniis sagareo saqme-

Ta ministrma gido vestervelem Sem-

degi prioritetebi CamoTvala: evro-

kavSiris jarebis Seqmna, germaniis te-

ritoriidan aSS-s birTvuli iaraRis

gatana, ,,strategiuli partnioroba

ruseTTan evro-usafrTxoebis da glo-

baluri problemebis gadawyvetis uz-

runvelyofisTvis”. xatovnad rom

vTqvaT, adre msgavsi gancxadebebis

Semdeg, vaSingtonSi moiTxovdnen Wir-

veuli bundes-ministris skalpis Ca-

mokidebas Tavisuflebis qandaqebis

CiraRdanze, Tumca, rogorc Cans, tomo-

havkebi dauJangdaT an CingaCgukebi

dauberdaT.

Tres bien, germania da safrangeTi eko-

nomikuri kraxis piras mdgari saberZ-

neTis gadarCenis operacias Seudgnen.

zogadad, am ori saxelmwifos

ganmsazRvreli roli pan-evropuli

sivrcis samxedro-politikuri da eko-

nomikuri usafrTxoebis uzrunvelyo-

fis saqmeSi dRidan dRemde sul ufro

TvalsaCino xdeba; pasuxismgeblobis

areali farTovdeba, aqedan gamomdina-

re ruseTTan TanamSromlobac inten-

siur xasiaTs iZens. es realobaa _ mos-

wons igi vinmes Tu ara. sakuTriv ama-

Si mdgomareobs saerTaSoriso ur-

TierTobebis gansxvaveba mwvave Si-

zofreniisgan, romlis farglebSi ara-

sasurveli faqtori SeiZleba ararse-

bulad gamoacxado.

amgvarad, irakli alasanias varia-

ciebi evropul Temaze (arada, am po-

litikoss saqarTveloSi xSirad va-

Singtonis kreaturad aRiqvamen)

SemTxveviTi albaT ar aris. SesaZloa,

igi ubralod Zeitgeist-s, drois su-

liskveTebas grZnobs. moxerxdeba Tu

ara Cveni problemebis moqceva evro-

puli usafrTxoebis ganaxlebuli mod-

elis farglebSi (mTavaria, troas cxe-

nad ar CagvTvalon) momavali gviCve-

nebs. nebismier SemTxvevaSi, situaciis

ganxilva Sarikovis poziciidan: ,,пи-

шут, пишут... конгресс, немцы какие-то... Го-

лова пухнет. Взять всё, да и поделить...”, al-

baT aRar gamogviva.

eri da meri

30 maisis arCevnebis win, xelisu-

flebis Canafiqri opoziciis kandida-

tebs Soris xmebis gafantvis da amis

xarjze sakuTari favoritis gayvanis

Sesaxeb met-naklebad cxadi Seiqna. Tum-

ca, sainteresoa imis garkveva, Seuwyobs

Tu ara igi xels, erT-erTi kandidatis,

navTobkorporaciis yofili Tavmjdo-

maris gia Wanturias mier maqsimaluri

Sedegis miRwevas, radgan am nabijiT

SeiZleba ramdenime arcTu urigo sce-

nari aamoqmedos.

nebismier SemTxvevaSi, es figura ar

SeiZleba ganixilebodes, rogorc ri-

giTi teqnikuri kandidati, romlis

erTaderTi funqcia, arasaparlamento

opoziciis mTavari falavanisTvis

(alasania iqneba Tu sxva) xmebis gark-

veuli raodenobis warTmeva warmoad-

gens. ideaSi, mas gaaCnia sakmarisi po-

tenciali (kavSirebi, biografia, imiji,

resursebi) imisTvis, rom swori teqno-

logiuri uzrunvelyofis SemTxvevaSi,

saprizo adgili daikavos, metic, misi,

gasvla (Tu gayvana?) meore turSi SeiZ-

leba savsebiT bunebrivad da logi-

kurad warmoCindes.

arasaparlamento opoziciis kandi-

datis mdgomareoba friad garTulde-

ba im SemTxvevaSi, Tu arCevnebis Sede-

gebis eWvqveS dayeneba ara meore, ara-

med mesame dakavebuli adgilidan mou-

wevs. amasTanave, Wanturias wamoweva

,,mTavari konkurentis” poziciaze, xe-

lisuflebis kandidatis pozicioni-

rebas mniSvnelovanwilad gaaiolebs.

xolo im SemTxvevaSi Tu xelisu-

flebas operatiuli siTamame eyofa da

igi, sul ramdenime Tanagundelis (Tbi-

lisTan dakavSirebul) biznes-inter-

esebze maRla dadgeba, erTi strate-

giuli kombinaciis gaTamaSebasac SeZ-

lebs: im kandidatisTvis, romelic

misTvis uSualo safrTxes ar wamoad-

gens, principSi, postis daTmobac SeiZ-

leba. es mniSvnelovan wilad gaanei-

tralebs TbiliselTa 2/3-is protests,

romelsac meris savarZelSi ,,naciona-

luri moZraobis” warmomadgenlis xil-

va ar surs. saerTaSoriso damkvirve-

blebsac gauWirdebaT im arCevnebis ga-

kritikeba, romelsac opoziciis war-

momadgeneli moigebs. isini xom, iseve

rogorc maT ukan mdgomi qveynebi, Cve-

ni saprotesto eleqtoratisgan

gansxvavebiT, qarTveli qristian-de-

mokratebis opoziciurobis xarisxis

dadgenas gansakuTrebul mniSvnelobas

ar aniWeben. Sesabamisad, momxdari

mTlianobaSi, savaraudod Sefasdeba,

rogorc demokratiis didi gamarjveba.

imis garantia ki xelisuflebisaTvis,

rom axali meri momavalSi mkveTr na-

bijebs ar gadadgams, iqneba qalaqis

biujetis formirebis wesi, iniciati-

vebis dablokvisaTvis sakmarisi war-

momadgenloba sakrebuloSi, sxvadasxva

administraciuli berketebi da figu-

rantis mZime urTierTobebi arasapar-

lamento opoziciasTan, romelic ar-

Cevnebis winare periodSi aucileblad

Camoyalibdeba.

Tumca, es mxolod varaudebia, gaci-

lebiT didi albaTobiT, winasaarCevno

situacia uxeS konfrontacias warmo-

Sobs da ZalTa mkveTr polarizebas ga-

moiwvevs, radgan rogorc ukve avRniS-

neT, es isev iqneba ,,meti vidre ubra-

lod arCevnebi”, Sesabamisad meris da

sakrebulos arCevis nacvlad kvlav xe-

lisuflebis sakiTxis yovlismomcvel

gadawyvetasTan dakavSirebuli pro-

blemebis winaSe aRmovCndebiT.

dimitri moniava

ukrainul zamTars qarTuli gazafxuli mosdevs

meore dRes yifianis sadgomis pir-

dapir dids mindorze Seiyara xalxi da

mamasaxlisebis arCeva daiwyes; es isto-

ria mTeli dRe grZeldeboda da

saRamoze Cemma colma miTxra, rom Cveni

mzareuli, sadadiano glexi, mamasaxlisad

airCies da saxlTuxucesma ubrZana, Sens

saqmes Tavi daanebe da axlave CemTan

gamocxaddio. mzareuli TviTonve stiro-

da da ar undoda es arasasurveli da

moulodneli xarisxi, amitom rom kargi

jamagiri ekargeboda. aSkarad vxedavdi, es

yvelaferi Tavad Ciqovanis saqme iyo,

romelic guliT mondobili iyo rame

evno CemTvis da romelic, sabWos wevris-

agan zurg-momagrebuli, Zveleburad fr-

Tis gaSlas apirobs-meTqi. magram mainc

ra unda meqna. colsa vTxove, axlave gaus-

wore angariSi mzareuls da gauSvi-meTqi.

meore dilas, saaTis aTze, sabWos

wevrisa da mzrunvelisagan moweriloba

miviRe. mowerilobasTan erTad gamoegza-

vna sia arCeul pirTa, romelTac unda em-

saxurnaT mTavris mamulSi. es sia me

soflebSi unda gamecxadebina da am sax-

iT yvela axals Tanamdebobaze damemt-

kicebina. magram 11 saaTze generlis

gamogzavnili kaci movida CemTan da

gaWirvebul mdgomareobisagan mixsna.

generali naTlad da mkafiod mwerda:

`mzrunvelis brZanebiT moxdenili

arCevnebi gaauqme, xolo arCeulebs xel-

werili CamoarTvi da ise gamoucxade, rom

Tu gabedavs im Tanamdebobis asrulebas

romelic maT mzrunvelma miakuTvna, kano-

nis (ama da am muxlis ZliT dasjil

iqnebian, im wodebis daCemebisaTvis, romel-

ic maTTvis mTavrobas ar miukuTvnebia~.

kanonis muxli swored ar maxsovs, ma-

gram Sinaarsi aseTi iyo.

imave dros generalma mibrZana, meore

paketi, leCxumis olqis ufrosis, Tavad

miqelaZis, saxelobaze gamogzavnili,

daniSnulebisamebr gamegzavna dauy-

onebliv; im paketebSiac is ewera, rasac

me mwerda generali. misi brZaneba maSi-

naTve avasrule.

arCeuli mamasaxlisebi jer kidev ar

wasuliyvnen da mindorze yayanebden.

movixme, xelwerilis CamorTmeviT

gamovucxade generlis brZaneba da Ta-

vianTs saxlebSi gavuSvi, xolo yovelive

es yifians vacnobe oficialurad, Tan gen-

erlis mowerilobis kopioc gavugzavne.

advili warmosadgenia, rarig ewyine-

boda aseTi pasuxi im miss brZanebiTs Tx-

ovnaze, samis dRis winad, rogorc sabWos

wevrma, me rom gamomicxada. cota xans

Semdeg davinaxe. rom mis saxlis aivanTan

erTi faca-fuci SeudgaT, moiyvanes Sekaz-

muli da sabargo cxenebi da erTs saaTs

ukan dimitri yifianic gamovida gared.

wamosxmuli hqonda wiTel sarCuliani

palto (es SemoiRo insarskim samo-

qalaqo RenerlebisaTvis), iaxlnen saxl-

Tuxucesebi da leCxumSi wavida. aba ras

moifiqrebda, rom miqelaZec gafrTxile-

buli dauxvdeboda!..

d. yifiani mivida muxurSi, leCxumis

olqis ufrosis sacxovrebeli adgilSi.

gaigo, rom arc aq amisruldeba Cemi

brZanebao da gulmosuli meore dResve

raWis gziT quTaisSi wavida, rom kolu-

bianikisaTvis eCivlna erisTavTan.

raki aseTi ganxeTqileba Camovarda

Cems da mzrunvel Soris, amis Semdeg, ra

Tqma unda, gordSi ar mecxovreboda da

vadaze adre davbrundi senakSi, magram es

erTi Tvec sakmao iyo, rom ciebisagan

Tavi damefarna. im weliwads cieba ara

mqonia. mxolod osten-sakeni gagvixda

avad. amas cieba ganarjias-muxurSi Se-

hyoloda, sadac tyis mwarmoebel

frangebTan msaxurobda adre. es wyeuli

avadmyofoba ise Caacivda, rom mTeli ori

weliwadi Tavi ar gaaneba.

1859 wlis mariamobisTveSi didi is-

toriuli ambavi moxda kavkasiaSi: am Tvis

25-Si Tavadma a.i. bariatinskim daRestanSi

atexil oms bolo mouRo da gunibTan

Samili Sei pyro. am wamis damswre

kavkasielT, sanam cocxalni arian, ar

daaviwydebaT is aRtaceba da sixaruli,

ra aRtacebiTi da sixaruliT yvela mSvi-

dobismoyvare mcxovrebSi am ganapira adg-

ilisa am ambavs miegebnen. yvelas

caTafrena hqonda Semdgari, sacaa, mxare

damSviddeba da xalxis winsvlasa da

warmatebas araferi gadaeRobeba winao.

tfilisSi ganuwyveteli lxini iyo, mx-

olod erTi ram awuxebdaT _ avadmy-

ofoba TviT kavkasiis dampyrobelisa,

Tavadis bariatinskisa. oTxis Tvis gan-

mavlobaSi Tavadi sul omobda da una-

giris uzangidan fexebi ar gamouRia.

nekresis qarebi gaaCnda da avadmyofoba

ise saSinlad aRonebda, rom mTelis

kvirebis ganmavlobaSi loginidan veRara

dgeboda. tfilisSi dabrunebuli sul

avadmyofobda da mxolod ori Tvis

Semdeg SeiZlo saqmeebisaTvis xeli

mieyo.

noemberSi gavigeT, yifiani bariatin-

skisTan iyo da vrcelis moxsenebis

qaRaldi miarTva samegrelos mTavris ma-

mulis movlis Sesaxebao. am qaRaldSi yi-

fiani saSinlad Turme uCioda rogorc

mTelis administracias samegrelosas, ise

gansakuTrebiT m.p. kolubiakins. bariatin-

skim yifianis qaRaldi masTan myof sen-

ators muxran-batons gadasca da miando,

m. p. koliuiakinma moaxsena, yifiani usa-

fuZvlo rasme gTxovs, misi Txovna rom

avasruloT, mTavris mamulSi Zveli wes-

Cveuleba wamohyofs Tavsao, garda amisa,

iman iseTi xerxi moigona, rom glex-ka-

coba winandelze uares satanjvelSi

Cavardebao; koliubiakinma isic moaxse-

na, rom Tavi-da-Tavi usafuZvloba d. yi-

fianis Txovnisa _ TviTnebiTa gawera iyo

xarkisa da gadasaxadisa glexTa Soris;

mere yifianma es gadasaxadi fulad

moiTxova; raki rusis administraciam

mxari ar dauWira da azri ar ganaxor-

cielebina, mzrunvelma ganizraxa axali,

Taviseburi sasoflo mmarTveloba igive

iyo, rac saxlTuxucesis dros arsebuli

wesebi, romlebmac, rogorc vuwyiT, xalxi

aajanya kideca; yovelsave amas d. yifi-

ani imasac dasZenda, rom eqvsma aTasma

saaznauro glexebmac gadasaxadi unda ix-

adon, amitom rom amaT mTavari axdevineb-

da, rogorc saWiro xarjs samegrelos

marTva-gamgeobisaTviso. es sarCelic us-

afuZvlo iyo yifianis mxriv, amitom rom

samegrelos marTva-gamgeoba rusis

mTavrobasa hqonda Cabarebuli, maSasadame,

xalxisagan akrebili gadasaxadic rusis

mTavrobas unda Cahbareboda da ara

mTavris samzrunvelos, xolo rusis ad-

ministracia aramcTu ara sTxovda xalxs

am gadasaxads, arasmed savsebiT saWirod

sTvlida ramdenisame wliT yovelgvar

gadasaxadisagan gaenTavisuflebina

samegrelos mkvidrni, rogorc gaWirve-

buls mdgomareobaSi myofni. aqauri ru-

sis administracia Taviss jamagirs

mTavarmarTeblis gankargulebiT im Tanx-

idan iRebda, romelic ikribeboda foTi-

sa da yulevis sabaJoebidan, xolo rac

rusis administracia Semovida,

samegreloSi daubaJav saqonlis Se-

motana ise Semcirda rom yovelwliur-

ma Semosavalma am sabaJoebisam samoc

aTas maneTiT imata.

koliubiakinma ganucxada bariatin-

skis, Tu yifianis moTxovnilebani

Sewynarebul iqnen da Cemdami rwmunebul

mxareSi mSvidobianoba dairRva, Cemi

brali ar iyoso.

ra Tqma unda, bariatinskim roca aseTi

sabuTiani azri moismina, kolubiakinis

mxare daiWira; maSin yifianma sTxova, neba

gviboZeT peterburgs wavide da yovelive

ekaterine dedofals movaxsenovo.

bariatinskimac neba darTo da yifiani pe-

terburgs wavida. am saxiT mTavris ma-

mulebis saqme kavkasiidan umaRles

mTavrobas Cauvarda gansaxilvelad da,

rogorc davinaxavT, didi miTqma-moTqma

gamoiwvia.

qristeSobiaTvis gasuls m.p. kolubi-

akini tfilisidan dabrunda da Zalian

gaxarebuli iyo, _ saqme, rogorc me min-

doda, ise gavaTaveo.

1860 wlis damdegs, samegrelos marT-

va-gamgeobas svaneTic SemouerTda da

svaneTis boqauli, Tavadi iliko amira-

jibi, mix. kolubakinTan movida. amirejibi

qarTleli iyo, Zvelad samxedro samsax-

urSi imyofeboda da kapitnoba mieRo. maR-

alis tanisa iyo, WaRara Sereuli, xmel-

xmeli, jer isev mxned gamoiyureboda.

svaneTSi sul erTi weliwadi cxovrob-

da, magram am mokle xanSiac ise daayena

saqme, rom usazRvro ndoba daimsaxura

iqaur mkvidrTa. martod-marto cx-

ovrobda aq, ukancelariod da mxolod

erTi Tu ori yazaxrusi axlda Tan da

mainc axarebda yvelaferi gaekeTebina aq

da am mTis xalxisaTvis mamasaviT Seey-

varebina Tavi. roca generals davTari

warudgina Tavis sasamarTlo ganCinebi-

Ta da gadawyvetilebaTa, kolubiakinma

sasacilod erTi maTgani maCvena. samo-

qalaqo saqmeebi sasisxlissamarTlo

saqmeebTan iyo erTmaneTSi areuli, rac

saqme atydeboda, yvelafers TviTona

swyvetda sabolood. sxvaTa Soris, aseTi

saqmeebic eria: `erTma svanma esa da es

svani mohkla. davadgine: mkvlels

gadaxdes sami Tumani da mieces mok-

lulis ojaxobas~. ganaCeni aesrulebinaT

da moklulis ojaxobas jvaris saxed

xeli mouwernia niSnad kmayofilebisa.

amirejibsa swamda, kanonierad viqcevio.

amitom rom sabuTad aqauri adaTi da

Cveuleba maqvso, xolo svanebs Cemi mo-

qmedeba sruliad samarTlianad miaCnia-

To. sxvanairad, ese igi, rusis kanonmde-

blobis Tanaxmad rom moqceuliyo, ver-

afers gaxdeboda; mkvleli daimaleboda,

boqauls misi daWera veRar SeeZlo,

radgan saSualeba ar hqonda da, bolos,

saqme imiT gaTavdeboda, rom moklulis

naTesavebs sisxli unda eZiaT: unda

moeklaT mkvleli. ra Tqma unda, aseT

garemoebaSi Cavardnili, rva Tvis gan-

mavlobaSi Tovlisagan xel-fex Sekru-

eli da mTel qveyanas mowyvetili ami-

rajibi marTali iyo, kaci ver ukiJineb-

da, ratom sxvanairad ar iqcevio; mis ms-

gavs boqaulis naxva adgilic ar iyo. aq

saWiro iyo gansakuTrebuli niWi, unari,

Tavis ganwirva da erTguleba Tavis

saqmisa; moxuci amirajibi TiTonac gas-

vanda mTlad, maTi zne-Cveuleba SeiTvisa

da amnairadve cxovrobda, rogorc es

mTiulebi cxovrobden. roca svaneTidan

zugdidSi wamovidoda, TiTqmis naxevari

gza fexiT unda earna mTis bilikze. da

aseTs kacs sul mcire jamagirs aZlevd-

nen, wliurad raRac asoc Tumans!...

maisSi gardaicvala Teofane Wyon-

dideli, gansvenebuli sikvdilamde didx-

ans avadmyofobda, ase rom mis sic-

ocxleSive amorCeuli iyo mis moadgiled

arqimandriti martvilis taZrisa tarasi.

netarxsenebuli didis ambiT gaasvenes.

martvilSi Tavi moiyares didZalma

Tavadebma da maT Soris aznaurebma

gabuniebma, romlebic Teofane epikoposs,

rogorc gabunias gvarisas, Tavisianad

sTvliden.

mariamobis TveSi general-guberna-

tori m. kolubikinTan erTad svaneTSi

gaemgzavra samxedro ekzekuciisaTvis.

ekzekucia imitom iyo saWiro, rom dava

astyda saTavado, sadadiano, Tavisufal

svanebsa da yaraCaelebs Soris. am dros

generalTan mividen sami Zmani dasjil

murzayan dadiSqelianisa_islam, Tengizi

da cioxi da Tavis nebiT morCileba

gamoucxades; generalma poruCiki princi

gaayola da samive tfilisSi gagzavna,

xolo Semdegi Tav-gadasavali maTi Cven

ukve gagebuli gvaqvs.

1861 wlis aprilis TveSi me gadayvanil

viqmen Telavis mazris ufrosad. amave

dros didi cvlileba moxda mTels

quTaisis sageneral-gubernatorSi: Tavad-

ma g. erisTavma avadmyofobis gamo sam-

saxurs Tavi daaneba, mis adgilze

erevnidan gadmoiyvanes nik. petresZe

kolubiakini, da radgan misTvis uxerxuli

iyo Tavis Zmis, samegrelos mmarTvelis,

ufrosad yofiliyo, amitom mixeil kol-

ubiakini tfilisSi gadaiyvanes sasoflo

sammarTvelos ufrosad, xolo mis

alagze daniSnes WilaSvili. yovelive es

moaxerxa Tavad a. iv. bariatinskim ram-

denisame dRiT adre, sanam sazRvar-gared

wavidoda, sadac eqimebi gzavniden

mosarCenad.

swored am dros, roca Tavadi

bariatinski foTSi gemSi unda CaesvaT,

misi momavali coli, xolo maSin meuRle

v. p. davidovisa, elisabed dimitri or-

belianis qali, fostis cxenebs odesidan,

sadac qmars Tavi daaneba, xarkovSi mi-

aqrolebda. Tan mihyveboda bariatinskis

siZe gvaTua. xarkovSi bariatinskis

sacoles Sexvda inglisis pastori

palmeri da inglisSi waiyvana. aq iman

icxovra ori weliwadi, manam qmarTan gan-

qorwinebis saqme gaTavda, da elisabedi

Tavads al. bariatinskis misTxovda.

samegrelos Tavi vanebe, magram Sori-

dan Tvals vadevnebdi am mxaris ambebs.

peterburgSi yifiani da samegrelos

dedofali cdilobden mTavris samzrun-

velos saqme, rogorc TviTon swaddaT, ise

daebrunebinaT da xma mogvdioda _ ime-

di aqvT gamarjvebiso. am dros erT-erT

rusul gazeTSi, romelic sazRvargared

ibeWdeboda da romelsac kavkasiaSi

xSirad Sexvdeboda kaci, 1861 w. 1 oq-

tombris nomerSi Semdegi werili daibeW-

da.

`kavkasiaSi rusebis Semosvlamde

batonymoba ar arsebobda. glexebi Ralas

aZlevdnen memamuleT, magram ufleba

hqondaT erT memamulisaTvis Tavi

daenebebinaT da meoresTan gadasuliyv-

nen. samarTals maT mier arCeulni pirni

swyvetden da sxva.; sakuTari miwa ara

hqondaT; yvela mamulebi, rac saeklesio

da saTavad-aznauro ar iyo, mTavris

kuTvnilebad iTvleboda _ aseT mdgo-

mareobaSi iyo samegreloca, roca es sam-

Tavro ruseTs SeuerTda 1801 wels, gr.

dadianis dros. aleqsandre I-ma dadians

SearCina ufleba Tavis qveynisaTvis

Zvelebur CveulebaTa Tanaxmad moevlo,

mxolod waarTva ufleba kaci Camoexr-

Co, damnaSavisaTvis xelebi daeWira,

cxviri moeWra, Tvalebi daeTxara da sxv.

samegrelos glexebma dadianebis xelSi

1853 wlamde, ese igi, daviT dadianis

sikvdilamde, ar icoden, ra iyo ruseTis

baton-ymoba. daviTis Svili nikolozi

manam srulwlovani gaxdeboda, manamde

rusis mTavrobam samegrelos marTva

dedofals, kneina ekateine aleqsandre

WavWavaZis asuls dadianisas, Caabara.

kneina aRmosavleT saqarTveloSi iyo

aRzrdili, SeeCvia rusebis mier SemoRe-

bul baton-ymur wes-wyobilebas da Tavis

Tavs ise uyurebda, rogorc samegrelos

batons. rogorc xarbma da fulis

flangvis moyvare qalma, dedofalma ram-

densame weliwadSi mTeli mxare ise

gaaRataka da cxovreba gaumwara, rom

glexebma, miuxedavad maTis morCiluris

xasiaTisa, veRar moiTmines da ajanydnen,

rogorc erTi kaci.


samegrelo da svaneTi

korneli borozdini

am wignis avtoris, korneli

borozdinis samsaxureobrivi kariera

kavkasiaSi daiwyo. igi jer mTavarmar-

Teblis kancelariaSi muSaobda,

Semdeg ki (1854 wels) samegrelos

dedofalTan miavlines miwer-moweris

sawarmoeblad da misi Svilebis aR-

mzrdelad. 1858 wels dainiSna senakis

olqis ufrosad, sadac 1867 wlamde

imsaxura. swored aq gaecno igi

samegrelos mosaxleobis yofas,

romelic sainteresod aRwera Tavis

wignSi.

borozdinis mogonebebSi sakmaod

vrclad aris gadmocemuli os-

maleTis jarebis mier samegre-

los awiokeba, romelic Semdeg

rusma jariskacebma alagmes.


“yvelaze naTeli”, romelsac bneli axlavs“aha, Tavs vesxmi

winaswarmetyvelebs, cru

sizmrebs rom xedaven, am-

bobs ufali. yvebian maT

da acTuneben Cems ers

TavianTi tyuilebiT da

trabaxiT”.

(ieremia. 23,31)

gazeTma “svobodnaia gruziam” 1992

wlis 23 ianvars (#8) gamoaqveyna

saubari baton Wabua amirejibTan: sa-

TauriT “народ не шутит...”

mas Semdeg 18 weli gavida... vici,

ityvian: raRa dros Zveli ambebis qe-

qvaa, cxovreba win midiso!

cxovrebis winsvla Tu ukusvla,

ganviTareba Tu degeneracia mTlianad

damokidebulia qveynis warsulis

memkvidreobaze, riTac awmyo da mo-

mavali iqmneba. es kanonzomiereba

brZenma kacma, didma iliam lakonu-

rad Tqva:“awmyo, Sobili warsulis-

agan, aris mSobeli momavalisa”!

Cveni winaprebi rudunebiT qmnidnen

im sulier memkvidreobas, romlis xel-

Tuqmneli saunjidan momdevno Taobe-

bi sazrdoobda. am sulierma mem-

kvidreobam SeaZlebina qarTvel ers

mterze gamarjveba didi gansacdelebis

Jams, SeaZlebina qarTuli sulieri

wyobis, kulturis, tradiciebis,

fizikuri ier-saxis SenarCuneba da mo-

mavali TaobebisaTvis gadacema...

sulieri memkvidreobis Secvla-

damaxinjeba aucileblad gamoiwvevs

momdevno TaobaTa zneobriv gadag-

varebas, sazogadod eris kvdomas, asim-

ilacias...

mravali WeSmariti mamuliSvili

SeSfoTebulia saqarTvelos dRevan-

deli mdgomareobiT, cru winaswarme-

tyvelTa, mucliTmezRapreTa, motra-

baxeTa usaSvelo zakviT... magram SeS-

foTeba da saprotesto ganwyobileba

waxdenil saqmes veras uSvelis Tu da-

viviwyebT im arc Tu Soreul warsuls,

roca Zaladobrivad daiwyo eris

sulieri memkvidreobis ngreva, ramac

dRes apogeas miaRwia.

damaxinjebulma sulierma memkvid-

reobam Sva damaxinjebuli awmyo

erovnuli nihilizmiT, “jeobaruli”

suliT, uvicobiT, uzneobiT, kuTxuri da

religiuri gaTiSulobiT, SiSveli

pragmatizmiT, sodomiT da gomoriT...

waxdenil saqmes ver vuSveliT Tu

ar vecdebiT aRvadginoT is sulieri

memkvidreoba, romelmac 90-ian wlebSi

eri erT muStad Sekra, romelmac

erovnuli energia mimarTa qarTuli

saxelmwifoebriobis aRdgenisaken, ga-

Zlierebisken, garsmojaruli mter-

moyvaris alagmvisaken, Tavisi adgilis

miCenisaken...

gamoCnda “didi moazrovne” kos-

mopoliti filosofosi merab ma-

mardaSvili, romelic 1990 wlis

mravalpartiul arCevnebamde adre

aqtiurad alaparakda qarTul na-

cionalizmze da Sovinizmze, diq-

taturaze, provinciul faSizmze,

eris CamorCenilobaze... anu daiwyo

im sulieri memkvidreobis ngreva,

romliTac iyo damuxtuli erovnul-

ganmanTavisuflebeli moZraoba.

“did moazrovnes” xma Seuwyes “in-

teleqtualebma”... mamardaSvilma Sva

dRevandeli TevzaZeebi, lomaiebi, dar-

CiaSvilebi, TargamaZeebi, paiWaZeebi,

TevzaZeebi, jgerenaiebi, ramiSvilebi...

amitom, gasakviri ar unda iyos is,

rom gadagvarebuli memkvidreobiT So-

bilni dRes ase daundoblad uteven

qarTul enas, qarTul cnobierebas,

ilia WavWavaZes, universitets, marTl-

madideblobas...

“Tanamedroveobis udidesi

filosofosis” (ase moixseniebdnen

da moixsenieben merab mamardaSvils)

ara mxolod kosmopolitur-

antierovnuli, aramed zogadad misi

“filosofiuri” nabodvari im WeS-

maritebad aRiares, romelic

saqarTvelos “provinciuli fa-

Sizmis” Wirisgan ixsnida...

batoni Wabua amirejibi gazeT “svo-

bodnaia gruziasTan” saubarSi mk-

iTxvels auwyebs ara mxolod pirad

mosazrebebs, aramed inteligenciis im

nawilis politikur Sexedulebebs, mr-

wamss, guneba-ganwyobilebas, romelic

erovnul-ganmanTavisuflebeli moZrao-

bis aRmavlobas ratomRac imTaviTve

skeptikurad uyurebda, qirqilebda,

arCevnebis Semdeg kanonier xelisu-

flebas daupirispirda da saxelmwifo

gadatrialebas ideologiuri sa-

fuZvlebi moumzada.

Tavs uflebas vaZlev, Cems sayvarel

mwerals, baton Wabua amirejibs mokrZa-

lebiT vuTxra is, rom igi nebsiT Tu

uneblied imeorebs putCist in-

teligentTa Soris moarul Sexed-

ulebebs. “svobodnaia gruziasTan”

saubarSi gacxadebuli yoveli argu-

menti rioSia! anu putCisti in-

teligentebis mier atexili maSin-

deli vai-uSvelebeli siyalbe iyo da

emsaxureboda xalxis cTunebas!

batoni Wabua samxedro-krimi-

nalur gadatrialebas “revolucias”

uwodebs. am “revoluciis” gardau-

valoba ki Turme iman gamoiwvia, rom

“yvela mokavSire respublikaSi, dRes

suverenul saxelmwifoebSi, xelisu-

flebaSi kompartiis funqcionerebi

movidnen, romlebmac tyavi saswra-

fod gamoicvales da demokratiis

ZonZebi gadaicves”.

rogor moxda is, rom xelisufle-

baSi mosulma kompartiis funq-

cionerebma kompartiis wevr depu-

tatebs undobloba gamoucxades, ufle-

bamosileba CamoarTves, uzenaesi sab-

Wodan daiTxoves?

am movlenas mokvdavi adamianis

logikiT ver axsni. mokvdavi adamian-

is logika ki gveubneba, rom xelisu-

flebaSi mosuli kompartiis funq-

cionerebi kompartiis wevr deputatebs

uzenaesi sabWodan ar daiTxovdnen! ar

garekavdnen!

“tyavgamocvlili” da “demokratiis

ZonZebSi gaxveuli kompartiis funq-

cionerebi” gasakviri ar aris bolSe-

vikebi yofiliyvnen, magram gasaocari

is aris, rom “inteligencia”

erovnul moZraobas neobolSevizms

uwodebs!

“Tavis droze, moZraoba romelsac

zviad gamsaxurdia meTaurobda, pro-

fesorma Tengiz buaCiZem gansazRvra

rogorc neobolSevizmi...”_ brZanebs

batoni Wabua.

rogorc vxedavT, am SemTxvevaSi

“profesoroba” da “mwerloba” sulac

ar yofila inteleqtis kriteriumi.

sicrue, ciliswameba, bezRoba!

ai, ra yofila maSindeli in-

teligenciis erTi nawilis azrovnebis

produqti!

ai, ra dros da rogor iwyeboda qar-

Tuli erovnuli sulis veraguli

ngreva!

ai, rogori meTodebiT xdeboda

saqarTvelos erovnul-gamaTavisu-

flebeli moZraobisaTvis saxelis Se-

laxva da misi sruli diskreditacia!

“saqarTveloSi zviad gamsaxurdias

xelisuflebaSi mosvlis Semdeg Tu

rame Seicvala, moxda socialisturi

sistemis gamkacreba. profesor buaCiZis

termini, rogorc vxedavT, marTebu-

lia.” _ brZanebs batoni Wabua.

cru sizmris moyolas hgavs

msjeloba imis Sesaxeb, rom mraval-

partiuli arCevnebis Catarebis Semd-

gom erovnuli xelisuflebis mier

komunisturi sistemis oficialuri

uaryofa socialisturi sistemis

ganmtkiceba-gamyareba yofila!

“qarTvelebi sxvebze adre mixvdnen,

rasTan aqvT saqme da neobolSevizmi

uaryves... revolucia 22 dekember-7 ian-

vars moxda. daemxo diqtatura”. _

brZanebs batoni Wabua.

mainc ra mixvedrilebi vyofil-

varT qarTvelebi!

“xom ar gamoricxavT imas, rom am

gzas sxvebic daadgebian?” _ ekiTxeba

Taflad qceuli korespondenti.

mwerali pasuxobs: “Rrmad var dar-

wmunebuli, es procesi gardauvalia

“esengeSi” Sesuli yvela qveynisaTvis...

dro gviCvenebs marTali var Tu ara”.

drom gviCvena, rom marTali ar

aris. raRa darCa “Rrma darwmunebis-

agan”?

is, rac saqarTveloSi moaxdines

moRalate qarTvelebma ucxoeTis

qveynebis specsamsaxurebis dakveTiT da

daxmarebiT, “esengeSi” Semaval sxva

qveynebSi namdvilad ar momxdara.

“esengeSi” Semavali qveynebis in-

teligencia qarTvelebze adre mixvda,

Tu “rasTan aqvT saqme”, gamoiCina

politikuri gamWriaxoba da sakuTari

samSoblo da xalxi saxelmwifo ga-

datrialebebiT, samoqalaqo omebiT,

SeiaraRebuli kriminaluri bandebis

TareSiT, ZirZveli teritoriebis

dakargviT dasaRupad ar gauwiravs. am

qveynebSi revoluciad monaTluli

saxelmwifo gadatrialebebi ar momx-

dara.

batoni Wabua amirejibi ki bolSe-

vizmis erT-erTi Semoqmedisa da ma-

mamTavar lev trockiviT permanentul

msoflio revoluciebs moeloda...

aris Tu ara es cru winaswarme-

tyveleba?

“yovelgvar revolucias Tan mosdevs

kontrrevolucia...” _ brZanebs mwerali,

_ “dasavleT saqarTvelos zogierT

raionSi kontrrevolucias socialuri

safuZveli ar aqvs. ukmayofilebas mx-

olod separatistebi aRviveben zviad

gamsaxurdias pirovnebis kultis

fonze”.

Zneli misaxvedri sulac ar aris:

“dasavleT saqarTvelos zogierT

raionSi” “kontrrevolucias” megre-

li separatistebi aRviveben!

ai, ra dros da rogor iwyeboda

erovnuli sulis veraguli rRveva!

megruli separatizmi... igi dResac

modaSia qarTul gvarebs TavS-

esaferebul ucxo TeslisaTvis...

“revoluciis” gamarjvebiT gabrue-

buli saubari, cxadia, naTel ferebSi

unda damTavrebuliyo... asec moxda...

kiTxvaze, Tu rogori prognozi aqvs mo-

mavalze, batonma Wabuam upasuxa: “yve-

laze naTeli!”

cxovrebam maleve dagvanaxa, rom

“naTeli mimavali” sapnis buStiviT

gaskda, xelSi ki viris Tav-fexi Segvr-

Ca!

SegvrCa SevardnaZe-siguas xelisu-

flebis mier gapartaxebuli qveyana...

prixvatizacia... mosaxleobis arnaxuli

Zarcva... sisxli da cremli...

SeiaraRebuli bandebis dausjeli

TareSi... dakarguli teritoriebi...

aseul aTasobiT devnili sakuTar

samSobloSi... uzneobis apologia...

“uxseneblis” ujiSo memkvidreebi...

Tu am saSinelebaTa aRqma da anal-

izi ar SeuZlia inteligenciis Tval-

sa da gonebas, maSin inteligencia ro-

gorRaa? da Tu xedavda da guls

uklavda samSoblos tragedia, maSin win

ratom ar aRudga misTvis saZulveli

kompartiis funqcioneris tipiuri war-

momadgenlis eduard SevardnaZis

moRalatur politikas iseTive rev-

oluciuri mgznebarebiT, rogoric iyo

igi “neobolSevik” da “diqtator” zvi-

ad gamsaxurdias xelisuflebis “mx-

ilebisa” da damxobis dros?

“народ не шутит...” _ am sityvebiT

iwyebs saubars batoni Wabua amirejibi,

magram kvlav cdeba: amdeni “Sutebisa”

da Souebis Semyure xalxi kidec “шу-

тит” da kidec aRamebs da aTenebs toto

kutunios koncertebze...

“Так вот: грузинский народ в борьбе за де-

мократию шутить не собирается!” _ am

sityvebiT amTavrebs saubars batoni

Wabua gazeT “svobodnaia gruziasTan”.

WeSmaritad! “revoluciebiT” mopove-

buli demokratiis xelyofas ki namdvi-

lad aravis vapatiebT, im demokratiisa,

romelic sul male lesboselobasa da

da geiobas dagvikanonebs!

gixaroden!

yovelive es Tqveni damsaxurebaa,

winaswarmetyvelo batonebo!

Tengiz kublaSvili

cxovrebis winsvla Tu ukusvla, ganviTareba

Tu degeneracia mTlianad damokidebulia war-

sulis memkvidreobaze, riTac awmyo da momavali

iqmneba. es kanonzomiereba brZenma kacma

lakonurad gamoTqva: “awmyo, Sobili war-

sulisagan, aris mSobeli momavalisa”!

“yovelgvar revolucias Tan mosdevs kontr-

revolucia...” _ brZanebs mwerali, _ “dasavleT

saqarTvelos zogierT raionSi kontrrevolucias

socialuri safuZveli ar aqvs. ukmayofilebas mx-

olod separatistebi aRviveben zviad gamsaxurdias

pirovnebis kultis fonze”.


merabiSvilis Savi sia

saqarTvelo ukve SeeCvia videokamere-

bisa da Jurnalistebis TanxlebiT, xmau-

riani, gapiarebul specoperaciebsa da

daWerebs. iWeren yvelas, maRalCinos-

nebidan dawyebuli JurnalistebiT

damTavrebuli.

holivudis varskvlavebi ar Canan

ise xSirad ekranze, rogorc Sss kon-

stituciuri usafrTxoebis departamen-

tis Tavjdomaris moadgile soso To-

furiZe. ar aris gamoricxuli, rom To-

furiZe oskarzec waradgino daWerebis

saukeTeso SesrulebisTvis.

bevri Cinovniki daiWires sxvadasxva

korufciuli braldebebisTvis, visTanac

gauvidaT didi odenobiT fulic `Sea-

weres~, vinc ar gadaixada, cixeSi

gamoamwyvdies. `vardebis revoluciis~

Semdeg nadirobis sezoni SevardnaZis im

CinovnikTa daWeriT gaixsna, romlebic

saakaSvils TavlSi eCxireboda. es Savi

sia jer kidev ar aris gadaxazuli,

radgan zogierTi Cinovniki an ar dai-

Wires, an mizezTa da mizezTa gamo ver

daiWires.

vesaubrebiT imereTis yofil guber-

nators Temur SaSiaSvils:

_ SaSiaSvils veravin daiWers, radgan

dasaWeri TviTon arian. isini kargad

micnoben. vici, rom Cemi daWera undaT, ma-

gram ver damiWeren. me sxvanairad vicx-

ovre, aranair korufciaSi ar gavreul-

var. Cemi gubernatorobis dros sx-

vadasxva cnobili profesorebi quTais-

Si Camodiodnen da leqciebs kiTxu-

lobdnen. quTaisSi viTardeboda

ganaTleba da kultura da bednieri var,

rom es Cemi gubernatorobis dros xde-

boda.

_ ratom xarT aseTi darwmunebuli,

rom es xelisufleba ver dagiWers?

_ saakaSvilma rogor unda damiWiros,

TviTonaa dasaWeri. saqarTveloSi fuli

im xalxis xelSi aRmoCnda, romelsac

sikeTis motana ar SeuZlia. fuls maSin

aqvs Zala, roca is zneobrivi da wesieri

adamianebis xelSia. saqarTveloSi ki

piriqiTaa. vis daiWers saakaSvili, man

vis unda mosTxovos pasuxi, rodesac

misi Zmis xelSia benzinis monopolia. es

xelisufleba rom ar iyos, benzinis fasi

ganaxevrdeboda. ras flobdnen saa-

kaSvilis gaprezidentebamde misi ojax-

is wevrebi? sadac ar unda Caxvide yve-

laferi saakaSvilis dedis, Zmis, mamis da

naTesavebis kuTvnilebaa.

_ SevardnaZis prezidentobis dros

ar iyo korufcia?

_ me SevardnaZis prezidentobis

drosac vambobdi, rom korumpirebuli

iyo mTeli sistema da `moqkavSirs~ ko-

rumpirebuli sistemis SeqmnaSi vdebdi

brals. saakaSvils dResac igives veub-

nebi, parlamentic da xelisuflebac ko-

rumpirebilia. `moqalaqeTa kavSiris~ da

`aRorZinebis~ ideuri memkvidrea `na-

cionaluri moZraoba~ da opozicia.

_ romel opoziciaze ambobT?

_ ra Tqma unda, saparlamentoze,

TargamaZe da sxvebi. ra situacia Se-

vardnaZis prezidentobisas iyo, igive

situaciaa dResac. axlac `nacionaluri

moZraoba~ da saparlamento opozicia

erTad aris. saqarTveloSi 1992 wlidan

politikuri xelisufleba ar Secvlila.

swored maSin movidnen maWavariani,

wereTeli da dResac isini arian. eseni

iyvnen `moqalaqeTa kavSiris~ `fa-

farayrili~ warmoamdgenlebi. dRes is

adamianebi, romlebic SevardnaZes

aginebdnen, ramdenime wlis winaT masze

loculobdnen da mis saxels ise

axsenebdnen, rogorc RmerTisas.

_ Tqvenc xom iyaviT SevardnaZesTan

daaxloebuli?

_ ki, magram masze arasodes ar

vloculobdi. piriqiT, Cems erT ga-

monaTqvamsac ver ipoviT, sadac me Se-

vardnaZes vaqeb. bevrjer miTqvams Se-

vardnaZisTvis, iprezidente Tu SegiZlia,

magram am xalxs Tavze nu daijen daRu-

pav qveyanas-meTqi.

_ SevardnaZis mTavrobaSi bevrma im-

deni fuli iSova, rom axla sasaxleeb-

Si cxovroben. ra qonebas flobs Temur

SaSiaSvili?

_ dedamiwis zurgze mamapapiseuli

saxlis garda araferi gamaCnia. quTai-

sis merobis da imereTis gubernatoro-

bis dros mTavrobam ori bina gadmomca.

mamapapiseul saxlSi vcxovrobdiT oTxi

ojaxi da swored amitom gadmogvces

bina. imis gamo, rom vicodi ganaTleba

iyo upirvelesi, arCil kostavas, did

mecniers, romelsac quTaisSi bina ar

hqonda Cemi bina vaCuqe. meore bina ki 1993

wels, rodesac qalaqis meri gavxdi, ga-

daveci veeberTela mecniers, msoflioSi

aRiarebul iranist magali Toduas. es

bumberazi pirovneba sastumros erT

patara oTaxSi cxovrobda.

rodesac imereTis gubernatori viyavi,

quTaisSi awyobili manqaniT davdiodi,

davfrinavdi quTaisSi gamoSvebuli

TviTmfrinaviT da mecva saqarTveloSi

Sekerili Tansacmeli. amas imitom ki ar

vakeTebdi, rom vtrabaxobdi an vinme Tavs

vawonebdi. Zalian kargad vicodi, rom

ukeTesi iyo mersedesi, cnobili bren-

debis tansacmeli, magram amiT Cemi qvey-

nis produqcias vuWerdi mxars.

_ Cveni ministrebi da parlamentare-

bi ZviradRirebili manqanebiT dadian da

sxvadsxva cnobili brendis tansacmeli

acviaT.

_ dRes saqarTveloSi beJuaSvilia

milioneri, imitom rom saakaSvilis

megobaria. saqarTveloSi milioneri

unda iyos, Wabua amirejibi, muxran

maWavariani, merab berZeniSvili, otia

ioseliani, robert sturua, giga

lorTqifaniZe, magram es bumberazi

adamianebi dRes suls Rafaven,

saakaSvilma ki milionerebad Zmebi ko-

duebi, axalaiebi, beJuaSvilebi,

kublaSvilebi aqcia. kublaSvils,

romelsac araferi ar ebada, dRes

samasarTuliani saxli aqvs da iciT

deklaraciaSi ra uweria? TiTqos es

saxli misma 22 wlis colisdam aCuqa.

naxeT sad cxovrobs ekonomikis yofili

ministri arvelaZe. rodesac SiaT

akademikosebs, reJisorebs, kulturis

sferos warmomadgenlebs da parla-

mentarebi gaxdnen milionerebi, Sen ra

prezidenti xar, Sen xalxis prezidenti

ki ara, milioneri parlamentarebis ban-

dis prezidenti xar. saqarTveloSi

saakaSvilis gaprezidentebis Semdeg

mdidari kidev ufro gamdidrda, Raribi

ki ufro gaRaribda. batonma Wabua

amirejibis gamonaTqvamia, rom sikeTea

gaTiTokacebuli da boroteba erT muS-

tad Sekrulio. erT muStad Sekruli

saqarTveloSi aris xelisufleba da

Tavisuflebis instituti. Tavisuflebis

institutis warmomadgeneli rom gyavs

qalaqis merad, dabeCavebuli prezidenti

xar, aba vin xar.

aleqsandre akobia

gvisamZimreben Cveni

germaneli megobrebi

didi mwuxareba mogvgvara

Tavzardamcemma cnobam imis

Taobaze, rom kanadis qalaq

vankuverSi tragikulad daiRu-

pa olimpiuri TamaSebis mon-

awile qarTveli sportsmeni

nodar qumaritaSvili. es

gaxlavT aunazRaurebeli

danaklisi da ara mxolod

saqarTvelos, aramed mTeli

msoflios sportuli samyaros

tragedia.

Cven wlebis ganmavlobaSi

vmuSaobdiT qarTvel

fexburTelebTan da kargad

vicnobT rogorc Tqveni

sporstmenebis, aseve mTeli

qarTveli xalxis gmirul

suliskveTebas da vaJkacur Se-

marTebas. miT ufro sawyenia,

rom daiRupa axalgazrda, per-

speqtiuli sportsmeni, romelic

mSvidobiani gamarjvebisaTvis

Cavida olimpiur qalaqSi.

samwuxaroa, rom am tragediis

mizezad iqca viRacis ugunure-

ba da gulgriloba.

RmerTma maradis naTelSi

amyofos lamaz sicocxlesa

da did gamarjvebebs mowyure-

buli nodar qumaritaSvilis

suli.

Cven, rogorc mTeli

msoflios progresuli sazo-

gadoeba, TanavugrZnobT sru-

liad saqarTvelos da

vusurvebT, rom mis wiaRSi

kvlavac gamozrdiliyvnen

sportsmenebi, romlebic

msoflio sportis mSvenebad

iqnebian aRiarebulebi.

Cven gvaxsovxarT, Zalian

gviyvarxarT, did pativs gcemT

da mudam Tqvendami Tana-

grZnobiT viqnebiT gamsWval-

ulebi.

marad saqarTvelos megob-

rebi da keTilismsurvelebi,

klaus topmioleri, hainc

topmioleri, herbert

cankeri, ralf minge,

piter sergti

gamovida kidev erTi wigni megruli enis

fenomenze, romlis avtoria SesaniSnavi

mkvlevari da enaTmecnieri batoni murTaz

janjRava. wignis recenzentis, akademikos

klimenti Selias miaCnia, rom aRniSnuli

wigni qarTveluri enebis, kerZod ki

megruli enis mecnierulad Seswavla-

ganviTarebis saqmisaTvis kargi SenaZenia.

Sesaval werilSi batoni murTaz jan-

jRava aRniSnavs, rom igi sakmaod gvian _

ormocdaaTi wlis asakSi Sedgomia

megrul leqsikaze muSaobas. “megruli

enis sakiTxze muSaobam ukidegano samyaro

momagona Tavisi uTvalavi varskvlavebiT,

planetebiT da sxva patara ciuri

sxeulebiT. Seuracxmyofelia megruli

enisaTvis misi kuTxur enad moxsenieba. es

ena medicinis, metalurgiisa da karti-

grafiis Semoqmedi kolxi xalxis enis

memkvidrea”, _ aRniSnavs avtori. da marT-

lac, saeWvoa, rom megrul zmnas prece-

denti moeZebnebodes enaTa Soris.

garkveuli kategoriis megruli sityvebi

fonemur-struqturuli agebulebiT uaR-

resad daxvewilia.

avtoris yuradReba miipyro megrul

sityvebSi Tanxmovan bgeraTa idumalma

metyvelebam. am enis zmnebi Sinaarsobri-

vad mravalmxrivad farTo tevadobisaa, es

ena, utyuarad gviCvenebs misi ganviTarebis

Zalze xangrZliv periods. janjRavas

wignSi mravali sityva sizustiT ar aris

gadaTargmnili misi Sinaarsis fo-

tografiuli tevadobis gamo. TviT

xalxSic ki ama Tu im sityvas gansxvave-

bulad xsnian, radgan ubadlo megrulis

mcodne pirovnebebi dRes samegreloSic ki

TiTqmis sanTliT arian saZebni.

swored batonma murTaz janjRavam aR-

moaCina, rom garkveuli kategoriis sityve-

bis fonemur-struqturuli agebuleba em-

yareba kanonzomierebis sistemur

principebs. wignSi naCvenebia adamianTa

fizikuri garegnobis aRmweri sityve-

bidan rogor xdeba amave fuZeebSi arse-

bul Tanxmovan bgerebiT gadasvla adami-

anTa gansxvavebuli xmaTa tembrebis aRmw-

er sityvebSi.

uRmerTobidan RmerTebamde, anu po-

liTeizmidan monoTeizmamde kacobriobam

ganviTarebis didi gza gaiara. adamianis

azrovneba RmerTamde rom mivida, misi, ro-

gorc adamianis adamianad Camoyalibebac

aqedan iwyeba umniSvnelovanes wilad.

swored rwmena gaxlavT adamianis

sulierebis arqiteqtonika, realuri Zala,

romelic lokomotivs warmoadgens pro-

gresisaTvis. am udidesi rwmeniT gam-

sWvalulma murTaz janjRavam Seqmna

moculobiT patara, magram SinaarsiT vee-

berTela wigni, romlis mecnieruli Rirse-

bac mkiTxvelma unda Seafasos.

mas Semdeg, rac cnobili qarTveli

politologisa da mecnieris aleqsandre

WaWias iniciativiT Seiqmna saxalxo moZrao-

ba “samegrelo”, es organizacia yvelafers

akeTebs saimisod, rom saTanado codniTa da

yuradRebiT movepyroT megrul enas, ro-

gorc zogadqarTuli kulturis xelTuqm-

nel Zegls. megrul da svanur enebs sax-

elmwifom unda Seuqmnas ganviTarebis Tan-

abari pirobebi. 2001 wlis 12 oqtombers, zug-

didSi gamarTul saxalxo moZraoba

“samegrelos” meore yrilobaze batonma

aleqsandrem xazgasmiT aRniSna, rom “wlebis

ganmavlobaSi ena, romelzec qarTvelTa

erTi mesamedi laparakobs, uZvelesi ena, rom-

lis leqsikuri maragi erT-erTi umdidresia

mTel msoflioSi, qarTvelebis mierve xan

kiloTi, xan dialeqtiT, xan damaxinjebul

qarTul enad iwodeboda” da iqve Seg-

vaxsenebs didi akakis sityvebs: “megruli

dRes salaroa namdvili qarTuli sityve-

bisa. aRmosavleT saqarTvelos dahkargvia

namdvili qarTuli sityvebi, maT nacvlad

somxur-TaTrul-sparsuli SemouRia, romel-

ic qarTvelis yurs cudad eCxireba da gul-

sa swyens. da megrul enaSi ki Senaxulia

margalitebad is Zveli sityvebi. Cven

vurCevT Cvens mweral mwignobrebs, meti yu-

radReba miaqcion megruls, rom iqidan

amokrebili sityvebiT Seivsos dRes maTi Se-

laxuli qarTuli leqsikoni...”

am azris gansamtkiceblad mxolod

imas vityviT, rom SoTa rusTavels Tavis

ukvdav “vefxistyaosanSi” uamravi megruli

sityva aqvs gamoyenebuli. dRes ki, mavanT,

ukuagdebuli aqvT SesaniSnavi sityva

“mafSalia” da kvlavac iyeneben sparsul

sityva “bulbuls”.

profesor klimenti Selias wignSi

“kolxeTi _ Cveni samyaros karibWe” aR-

niSnulia “ ... civilizebuli samyaros arc

erT enaTmecniers sakamaTod ar miaCnia, rom

megruli ena aris msoflios erT-erTi uZve-

lesi, erT-erTi pirveli ena”. amave wignSi

vkiTxulobT 1926 wels kowia kapanelis

mier Tavis wignSi (“suli da idea, biof-

siqizmi da kosmizmi”) moyvanil citatebs

profesor niko maris sityvebidan: “...magram,

bevrjer ufro sayuradReboa megruli

enis verbaluri simdidre iSviaTi

fsiqologiuri siRrmiT da iseTi niuanse-

bis aRniSvniT, romelTa garkveul cnebaSi

gadatana did mecniersac gauWirdeba”.

dedamiwis zurgze ar moiZebneba sxva

qveyana, garda saqarTvelosi, sadac cx-

ovrobdnen qaldeuri modgmis STamo-

mavali xalxebi. karduxebi (qarTebi),

svanebi da megrelebi swored rom

qaldeur modgmas ganekuTvnebian. yoveli

qarTvelisaTvis didad saamayo unda iyos,

rom saqarTveloSi qarTul enasTan erTad

cocxloben da metyveleben megruli da

svanuri enebi.

es enebi qarTuli enisaTvis uSret

masazrdoebel wyaros warmoadgenen.

avtori aseve did madlobas uxdis

akademikos fridon Toduas wignis gamo-

cemaSi gaweuli garkveuli finansuri

daxmarebisaTvis. Cven ki, Cvenis mxridan, did

madlobas vuxdiT wignis avtors baton

murTaz janjRavas, romelmac rudunebiT

Seqmna es wigni asfurcela.

roland jalaRania

kidev erTi wigni megruli enis fenomenze


iumori

gazeTSi gamoqveynebuli

publikaciis avtorebs

ekisrebaT

pasuxismgebloba

faqtebisa da

monacemebis sizusteze

redaqciis misamarTia:

Tbilisi,

zandukelis quCa #1

sareg.#01018002930

[email protected]:[email protected]

reklamis ganTavseba

8 9 9 - 5 7 - 3 3 - 2 2

8 9 3 - 5 1 - 0 1 - 7 1

8 9 9 - 3 4 - 3 7 - 2 7

mTavari redaqtori: roland jalaRania

mT. redaqtoris moadgile: daviT qobalia

teqnikuri redaqtori: mixeil CodriSvili

gazeTis menejeri: zurab qobalia

gazeTi “ilori” uZRveba rubrikas “saukeTeso safexburTo klubebi” gazeTi “ilori” uZRveba rubrikas “saukeTeso safexburTo klubebi”

vagrZelebT nawyvetebis beWdvas „efrem verdis“ wignis

im monakveTidan, sadac Sekrebilia sizmrebis axsna da-

niel winaswarmetyvelis mier:

_ Widan wylis amoReba _ keTili niSania da Semateba;

_ WaSi Cavarde _ metismeti SeWirvebisa da mowyenilobisaa;

_ WianWvelebis naxva _ kargia da keTili, mxolod daxocva _ cudia;

_ xatva naxo raimesi _ keTils daamxob;

_ xidi Cagitydes anu Catexili naxo _ sikvdilis niSania;

_ xelgaxsnili Seni Tavi naxo _ simdidres male moewevi;

_ xorcis mWameli frinveli Tu naxe _ cudi ambavia;

_ xma tkbili gesmodes _ sasixarulo dReebs moewevi;

_ xaris naxva _ xan keTilia da xanac avi saqme;

_ xes foToli scvivodes _ omianobis da Cxubis niSania;

_ xe nayofis momcemi _ kargia, sarCo da sacxovrebeli Segematos;

_ xis waqceva _ kacis sikvdils moaswavebs.

sizmrebis axsna daniel winaswarmetyvelis mier

daarsebulia 1908 wels,

stadioni: de keipi (52.000 mayure-

beli).

holandiis 14-gzis Cempioni,

aTjer daeufla qveynis Tass,

1970 wels daeufla sakontinentaT-

Soris Tass,

1970 wels gaxda evropis CempionTa

Tasis mflobeli,

uefas Tass daeufla 1974 wels.

sakmaod STambeWdavi sportuli

istoriis mqone safexburTo klubi,

holandiis qalaq roterdamis “feie-

noordi” daafuZna holandiis samTo-

mompovebel sferoSi moRvawe biz-

nesmenma, sportis didma moyvarulma

da sponsorma k.r. kiboomma.

meoce saukunis ocdaaTian wlebSi

evropulma fexburTma gansakuTre-

buli aRmavloba ganicada da am

mxriv holandiuri fexburTic ga-

morCeuli iyo. imdroindeli gundis

kaSkaSa varskvlavi gaxldaT marcxena

flangze moTamaSe naxevarmcveli pak

van heeli, romelic holandiis sa-

fexburTi nakrebis SemadgenlobaSi

monawileobda 1934 da 1938 wlebis

msoflio CempionatSi. mis mier da-

myarebuli rekordi (man 64 matCi Caa-

tara holandiis erovnuli nakrebis

SemadgenlobaSi) sakmaod did xans

iyo xelSeuxebeli. meore msoflio

omisSemdgomi wlebi krizisuli pe-

riodi iyo mTeli msofliosaTvis,

rac uaryofiTad aisaxa roterdamis

“feienoordis” TamaSis klaszec.

SeiZleba iTqvas, rom fexburTelebi

maSin SimSilobdnen kidec. magram,

sayovelTao krizisi male gadai-

laxa. gundis cxovrebaSi ki yvela-

feri Seicvala 1950 wlis dasasru-

lidan, roca holandia cxovrebis

Cveul ritms daubrunda da aq sabo-

loo damkvidrda profesiuli fex-

burTi.

klubis aRmavloba gamoixata imaSi,

rom man moipova qveynis yvela umaR-

lesi tituli da male holandiis

farglebs gareT gaitana am qveynis

sportuli dideba. 13 wlis ganmav-

lobaSi “feienoordi” eqvsjer gaxda

holandiis Cempioni, 1965 da 1969

wlebSi Seasrula “oqros dubli”,

roca Cempionic gaxda da holandiis

Tassac daeufla. maSin klubis Rir-

sebas icavdnen fexburTis iseTi di-

dostatebi, rogorebic iyvnen mekare

edi piters-graaflandi, romelic ro-

terdamis gundma “aiaqsisagan” SeiZina,

im droisaTvis zRaprul Tanxad _

20.000 funt sterlingad, aseve, naxe-

varmcvelebi rainer kraiermaati, hans

kraai da ian klasensi, aseve msoflio

fexburTis varskvlavi, marcxena

flangze moTamaSe Tavdamsxmeli kun

muleini.

gundis “triumvirati” _ kun mu-

leini, legioneri, Svedi bombardiri

uve kindvali da fizikurad Zlieri

da ganumeorebeli safexburTo teq-

nikis mqone naxevarmcveli vin vam ha-

negemi warmoadgenda holandiuri

gundis damkvrel Zalas, romelTa da-

wolas Znelad Tu uZlebdnen evropis

gamoCenili gundebic ki. swored

“feienoordis” am birTvis wyalobiT

daeufla gundi 1970 wels evropis

qveynebis CempionTa Tass. gaTamaSebis

finalSi, romelic italiis qalaq mi-

lanSi gaimarTa, “feienoordma” dama-

tebiT droSi daamarcxa glazgos

“seltiki”.

am droisaTvis gundis mwvrTneli

gaxldaT fexburTis didi specia-

listi, avstriis safexburTo nakre-

bis yofili moTamaSe ernest hapeli,

romelmac gundSi mosvlisTanave daa-

tyo xeli koleqtivs. amrigad, swored

“feienoordi”, da ara “aiaqsi” gaxda

pirveli holandiuri safexburTo

gundi, romelic daeufla uaRresad

prestiJul evropul trofeis.

magram “feienoordi” am jildos

ar dasjerda _ man sakontinentaT-

Soriso Tasis finalSi damajere-

blad daamarcxa argentinuli gundi

“estudiantes dela plata” da mso-

flio saklubo gundebis CempionTa

Tassac daeufla.

1974 wels roterdamis “feie-

noordma” Tavisi sportuli koleqcia

kidev erTi umaRlesi jildoTi gaam-

didra _ igi uefas Tasis mflobeli

gaxda swored van hanegemis brwyin-

vale TamaSiT, romlis wyalobiTac

“feienoordi” myarad flobda moed-

nis Suaxazs. Semdeg Tavi iCina kri-

zisma da gundma poziciebi daTmo

TviT holandiur fexburTSi. finan-

suri problemebis gamo roterda-

melTa gundi iZulebuli Seiqmna, rom

uZlieresi fexburTelebi gaeyida.

ase wavida gundidan ruud guliti,

romelic Tavis droze “feienoordma”

aRmoaCina “harlemSi” da wamoiyvana.

guliti “eindhovenma” SeiZina, magram

igi, aseve moulodnelad warmoqm-

nili finansuri krizisis gamo, male

mihyida italiis gund “milans”.

“feienoords” sadagi dReebi

daudga, roca mas mwvrTnelad dau-

brunda warsulSi amave gundis yo-

fili warmatebuli moTamaSe vim ian-

seni. igi, amave dros, holandiis sa-

fexburTo nakrebis wevri gaxldaT

da monawileobda 1974 wlis safex-

burTo CempionatSi, sadac holandie-

lebma iansenisa da sxva cnobili fex-

burTelebis SesaniSnavi TamaSis wya-

lobiT moaRwies msoflio Cempiona-

tis finals.

axali mwvrTnelis damsaxureba

gaxldaT is, rom roterdamis “feie-

noorma” moaxerxa Zalebis koncen-

tracia da 1993 wels igi holandiis

Cempioni gaxda.

giorgi jalaRania

msoflios saukeTeso safexburTo klubebi

“feienoordi”, roterdami, holandia

* * *

“axali qarTveli” fsiqia-

trTan aris miRebaze:

_ ese igi, Tqven amtkicebT,

rom gadasaxadebs yovelTvis

sixaruliT ixdidiT? da didi

xania, dagewyoT es?

* * *

_ kolega, rogoraa Tqveni

pacienti, axirebuli rom

hqonda, mosaklavad damdeveno?

_ mkurnalobis kursma Se-

saniSnavi Sedegi mogvca, magram

saavadmyofodan gavida Tu ara,

viRacam mokla...

* * *

Tu Tqven gindaT, iqorwinoT

Wkvian, lamaz da mdidar qalze,

samjer daqorwineba mogiwevT...

* * *

_ ara xar marTali, waqceu-

lisTvis aRar unda dagertya!

_ waqceulisTvis, Torem, Sen

wamiqcie...

* * *

_ icode, rom miRalato, sa-

flavSi gadavbrundebi!.. _ dau-

bara momakvdavma seroJam

cols.

gamoxda xani, seroJas co-

lic mokvda. gadawyvita qmari

moeZebna saiqioSi.

_ seroJasTan ver mimaswav-

liT? _ hkiTxa man pirvelsave

Semxvedrs.

_ romel seroJasTan, “ven-

tilatorad” rom muSaobs?

ra uceb gasula dro, Cemo vaxtang. sakuTari asakisaTvis

yuradReba arasodes mimiqcevia, magram, roca Sevitye, rom

Sen (Cemze 8 wliT umcrosi) 25 Tebervals 60 wlis gax-

debi, maSin mivxvdi, rom dro mogvZalebia...

magram asaki yovelTvis ar niSnavs siZabunes, miT umetes

Semoqmedi adamianisaTvis, romelic yalamsa da saWreTels

ar uSvebs xelidan da dRedaRam, sicivesa Tu sicxeSi, Sim-

Silisas Tu avadmyofobisas qmnis naxat-Sedevrebs, raTa

naTeli kvali dautovos momaval Taobebs.

TiTqmis ymawvili biWebi viyaviT, “xelovnebaSi” rom da-

viwyeT muSaoba. auuuh, ra dro gasula!

Seni kargi biWoba imiTac daamtkice, rom totaluri

Zarcva-glejis miuxedavad, romelic saqarTveloSi mZvin-

varebda da mZvinvarebs, maSin, roca udidesi gamomcem-

lobebi gaiyida, gasaCuqrda an gakotrebis gamo gauqmda,

Sen SeinarCune gamomcemloba “xelovneba” da igi dResac

funqcionirebs.

didi madloba Sen, amisaTvis!

didi madloba gamomcemloba “xelovnebis” yofili di-

reqtorebis oTar egaZis, nikoloz jaSis, eduard sixa-

ruliZis, gamomcemlobis yvela im TanamSromlis saxeliT,

vinc dRes cocxali ar aris, magram sicocxleSi gark-

veuli sikeTe SesZines gamomcemloba “xelovnebas”.

didi madloba Sens dedikos, qalbaton vera grigolaias,

SesaniSnav moqalaqes da Rvawlmosil pedagogs, Sennairi

vaJkaci Svilis aRzrdisaTvis. naTqvamia, vaSli vaSlis

xidan Sors ar ecemao, amitomac vemadlierebiT Sens de-

dikos, romelic, martod myofi, mamiseul keras ar gici-

vebs senakis raionis sofel uSafaTSi. didi madloba im

pedagogebs, vinc samSoblosa da mSobeli eris siyvaruli

daganaTla da gza gagixsna sazogadoebriv asparezze!

WeSmaritad devkaci xar, amiranis garegnobisa, magram

Sengan daCagruli WianWvelac ar daiareba dedamiwis

zurgze, kolxuri siqvele da zrdiloba gamSvenebs, Cemo

vaxtang, amitomac gTvlian lamaz kacad.

vaSli da vaSlis xe vaxsene, da isic unda davamato _

erTi ukmarobis grZnoba mawuxebs. miniSnebiT getyvi _ vi-

dre jer kidev jani mosdgams Cemi asakis xalxs da qor-

wilSi simRera ZaluZs, iqneb erT karg qorwilsac gva-

Rirso.

sxvamxriv yvelaferi kargadaa!

Seni ufrosi megobari,

roland jalaRania

vaxtang gabelia iubilaria

atelbi gadaacead - dspace.nplg.gov.ge

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