atlantic water temperature and climate in the barents sea in 2000-2009 vladimir boitsov, alexey...
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![Page 1: Atlantic Water temperature and climate in the Barents Sea in 2000-2009 Vladimir Boitsov, Alexey Karsakov, Alexander Trofimov Polar Research Institute of](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102900/551c1cfd550346ad4f8b5968/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Atlantic Water temperature and climate
in the Barents Sea in 2000-2009
Vladimir Boitsov, Alexey Karsakov, Alexander Trofimov
Polar Research Institute of Marine Fisheries and Oceanography (PINRO)Murmansk, Russia
ICES/NAFO Symposiumon the Variability of the North Atlantic and its Marine Ecosystems during 2000-2009
10-12 May 2011, Santander, Spain
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Barents Sea 2
The main paths of Atlantic waters
> 1100 timessince 1900
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3Barents Sea
3
3.2
3.4
3.6
3.8
4
4.2
4.4
4.6
4.8
5
1900-1909
1910-1919
1920-1929
1930-1939
1940-1949
1950-1959
1960-1969
1970-1979
1980-1989
1990-1999
2000-2009
Te
mp
era
ture
, °С
Period (years)
below average
above average
Long-term average
Decadal mean temperaturein the 0-200 m layer in the Murman
Current
warmerAtlantic waters
4.7°Cthe highest since 1900
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Annual mean temperature anomaliesin the 0-200 m layer in the Murman
Current
4Barents Sea
-1.5
-1.0
-0.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Te
mp
era
ture
an
om
aly
, °C
Year
1.5 Standard deviation
0.5...1.2°Cabove average
+0.3°C(2003)
2000, 2004-2009anomalously high temperatures
2006 – historical maximum (1.2°С above average)
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1.41.3
1.21.3
1.31.21.2 1.21.2
1.3 1.3
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII
Tem
per
atur
e an
om
aly,
°С
Month
2006
2007
2008
2009
5Barents Sea
Monthly mean temperature anomaliesin the 0-200 m layer in the Murman
Current– absolute maxima
V VI VII VIII IX X
Winter anomalies were higher than summer ones.
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-1.5
-1
-0.5
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s
Tem
per
atur
e an
omal
y, °
C
Period (years)
Decadal mean air temperature anomalies
around Bear Island
6Barents Sea
Bear Island
2.2-2.4°C above normal(2006 and 2007)
Winter anomalies were higher than summer ones.
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7Barents Sea
-30
-20
-10
0
10
20
30
40
1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000
Ice
cove
rag
e an
om
aly,
%
Year
Long-term average
Nonlinear trend
Ice coverage anomalies (May-July averaged) in the Barents sea in 1900-
2009
2000-2009 mean ice c. < 1990-1999 mean ice c. by 10%2006 and 2007 annual mean ice c. was 22-23% less-than-normal
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8Barents Sea
Climate index for the Barents Sea
TAir-TAir TWater-TWater AreaIce-free-AreaσTAir
σTWater σAreaIce-free
Climate index = + +
TAir TWater AreaIce
Climate
TAir at Vardø and Kanin Nos coastal stationsTWater in the 0-200 m layer of the Murman CurrentAreaIce in May-July
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-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010
Clim
ate
ind
ex
Year
9Barents Sea
Cumulative curve of the climate indexfor the Barents Sea
1997-1999↓TA ↓TW
19881929
↑TWater + ↑AreaIce-free = ↑Climate index
2006
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-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010
Clim
ate
ind
ex
Year
Barents Sea
Cumulative curve of the climate indexfor the Barents Sea
10
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Franz Josef Land - Novaya Zemlya section
Barents Sea 11
20072008PINROIMR
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12Barents Sea
Temperature in the Franz Josef Land - Novaya Zemlya section in September
1991 1992
2007 2008
Surface andoutflowing waters
much warmer(2007-2008)
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13
Bottom temperature in August–September
Barents Sea
2000
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14
Bottom temperature in August–September
Barents Sea
2001
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15
Bottom temperature in August–September
Barents Sea
2002
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16
Bottom temperature in August–September
Barents Sea
2003
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17
Bottom temperature in August–September
Barents Sea
2004
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18
Bottom temperature in August–September
Barents Sea
2005
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19
Bottom temperature in August–September
Barents Sea
2006
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20
Bottom temperature in August–September
Barents Sea
2007
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21
Bottom temperature in August–September
Barents Sea
2008
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22
Bottom temperature in August–September
Barents Sea
2009
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23
Bottom temperature in August–September
Barents Sea
51<5-6%
4-531
>2°C0-2°C<0°C
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24Barents Sea
Bottom temperature in August–September
Anomalies in 2007(the smallest area
covered by water <0°C)
Differences between 2007 values and
max values since 1951
The lower T in the 150-200 m layer of the Kola Section in winter, the larger bottom area covered by water <0°C in Aug-Sep.
94%35%
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25
Conclusions
● In 2000-2009, air and water temperatures in the Barents Sea were higher-than-normal throughout the years , with extremely high positive anomalies in some years.
● The last decade was the warmest one since 1900.
● The warming processes in the Barents Sea peaked in 2006-2007. In 2008-2009 the climate index almost halved.
Barents Sea
● The decreasing trend in air and water temperatures in the Barents Sea is probably expected to continue into the nearest future, which will result in increased ice coverage.
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Thank you for your time!